高糖对人脐静脉内皮细胞GSH-PX活力、NOS及ICAM-1表达的影响

目的:探讨体外培养条件下高糖状态对血管内皮细胞的影响。方法:培养人脐静脉内皮细胞株ECV3 0 4,分为对照组和高糖组,用分光光度比色法检测谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH PX)活力,RT- PCR法检测细胞间粘附分子1(ICAM- 1)mRNA水平,免疫细胞化学法观察内皮细胞型一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)和诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)的蛋白表达。结果:高糖组GSH- PX活力明显下降,eNOS、iNOS蛋白表达明显增高,ICAM- 1mRNA水平也显著上升。结论:在较短时间内糖浓度升高可引起血管内皮细胞GSH PX活力下降,ICAM -1mRNA、eNOS和iNOS蛋白表达增高,对糖尿病血管病变早期进展起一定的作用。     

低糖诱导人脐静脉内皮细胞一氧化氮与活性氧变化的研究

目的观察低浓度葡萄糖对人脐静脉内皮细胞一氧化氮(NO)与活性氧(ROS)变化的影响。方法以体外培养人脐静脉内皮细胞株HUVEC-12为研究对象,将实验分为正常对照组(5.5mmol/L葡萄糖)、低糖组(2.8mmol/L葡萄糖)、无糖组(0mmol/L葡萄糖)。分别用2.8、0mmol/L葡萄糖干预HUVEC-12细胞,经过1、2、4、12h后,硝酸还原酶法测定NO产量,化学比色法测定一氧化氮合成酶(NOS)活性,Dihydroethidium荧光探针法测定细胞内ROS水平。结果与正常对照组相比,低糖组与无糖组NO水平降低(P<0.01),NOS活性下降(P<0.01),细胞内ROS水平升高(P<0.01),均呈剂量依赖关系。同一浓度组内随着时间的延长,内皮细胞NO水平、NOS活性进一步降低(P<0.01),ROS水平进一步升高(P<0.05),各指标都具有浓度和时间依赖性。结论低糖可导致内皮细胞功能障碍,NO水平降低,NOS活性下降,其机制可能与低糖导致内皮细胞氧化应激损伤有关。     

阿维菌素-毒死蜱乳油对大鼠脂质过氧化作用的影响

目的:探讨混配农药制剂5.5%阿维菌素 - 毒死蜱乳油对大鼠脂质过氧化作用及一氧化氮(NO)浓度的影响.方法:将大鼠随机分为低、中、高3个剂量组和1个对照组,连续经口染毒28 d后,检测大鼠血清丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)活力以及NO浓度.结果:随染毒剂量增加MDA含量升高,并呈剂量反应关系;SOD、GSH-PX活力和NO的浓度均有下降趋势,其中各剂量组GSH-PX活力降低较对照组差异有统计学意义,而高剂量组SOD活力和NO浓度下降明显,差异有统计学意义.结论:5.5%阿维菌素 - 毒死蜱乳油可引起机体的脂质过氧化作用.     

Cinaciguat对高糖损伤血管内皮细胞功能的影响

目的 糖尿病状态下，一氧化氮(NO)与可溶性鸟苷酸环化酶(soluble guanylatecyclase,sGC)均被氧化，使NO-sGC-环磷酸鸟苷(cGMP)信号通路传导异常，NO-sGC-cGMP信号通路异常是糖尿病血管内皮功能障碍的重要病理基础。可溶性鸟苷酸环化酶激活剂(cinaciguat，CIN)可激活失活的sGC进而起到保护血管内皮细胞功能的作用。本研究通过体外实验制造高糖内皮细胞损伤模型，观察CIN对人脐静脉内皮细胞功能的影响。 方法 培养人脐静脉内皮细胞，并将细胞分为正常对照组、高糖组、CIN干预组，每组6例。高糖组及CIN干预组均加入33.3 mmol/L的葡萄糖制造高糖细胞损伤模型，而CIN组同时加入0.1 μmol/L CIN干预。各组细胞在培养6、24、48 h时，检测上清液中的NO水平及细胞内一氧化氮合酶(NOS)浓度；培养48 h后RT-PCR检测细胞内诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)、内皮型一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)mRNA的表达；培养48 h后Western blotting检测细胞间粘附分子-1(ICAM-1)及血管粘附分子-1(VCAM-1)蛋白的表达。 结果 与正常对照组相比，高糖组NO、NOS含量呈现早期升高晚期下降的趋势，而CIN组上述趋势消失；与正常组比较，高糖组内皮细胞的eNOS mRNA表达水平降低(P＜0.05)，iNOS mRNA、ICAM-1与VCAM-1蛋白表达明显升高(P＜0.05)，而CIN组eNOS mRNA表达水平较高糖组明显升高(P＜0.05)，iNOS、ICAM-1与VCAM-1蛋白的表达水平明显降低(P＜0.05)。 结论 CIN可平衡NOS的活性，调节NO的生成及ICAM-1与VCAM-1的表达，改善高糖状态下内皮细胞的功能。      

高糖环境对培养血管内皮细胞NO、ET-1、MDA和SOD水平的影响

目的通过对不同浓度葡萄糖刺激下人脐静脉内皮细胞条件培养上清中一氧化氮（NO）活力、内皮素（ET）含量、丙二醛（MDA）含量及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活力的检测，探讨高糖对内皮细胞的影响及与血管收缩因子内皮素、舒张因子一氧化氮、血氧自由基和自由基的清除剂超氧化物歧化酶之间的关系。方法采用硝酸还原酶法测定NO含量，硫代巴比妥酸比色法测定MDA含量，放射免疫学方法测定ET含量，黄嘌呤氧化酶法测定SOD含量。结果在高糖处理的细胞条件培养上清中SOD、NO活性降低，而MDA及ET含量升高（P〈0．05）。结论高糖可诱导内皮细胞活性氧产生增多，抗氧化酶活性下降，促进内皮细胞释放ET，抑制NO合成。     

茶多酚对过氧化氢诱导的血管内皮细胞的保护作用

目的 研究茶多酚对大鼠胸主动脉内皮细胞的保护作用.方法 体外培养大鼠胸主动脉内皮细胞,实验分为对照组、模型组和茶多酚(5、10、20μM)组,用过氧化氢诱导血管内皮细胞损伤,MTT法测定内皮细胞存活率,比色法测定培养液中的一氧化氮(NO)、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)水平.结果 过氧化氢可损伤血管内皮细胞,5～20μM的茶多酚可浓度依赖性保护血管内皮细胞,升高细胞培养液中NO水平,降低MDA含量,提高 SOD活力.结论 茶多酚可保护过氧化氢损伤的血管内皮细胞,其保护作用与促进血管内皮细胞释放NO、抑制脂质过氧化以及清除自由基有关.     

染氟大鼠血清NO、NOS、SOD的变化

目的 :探讨染氟大鼠血清中一氧化氮 ( NO)浓度、一氧化氮合酶 ( NOS)活性及超氧化物歧化酶 ( SOD)含量的变化。方法 :血清 NO浓度采用硝酸还原酶法、血清中 NOS活性采用 NOS催化 L—Arg生成 NO法、血清中 SOD含量采用亚硝酸盐显色法。结果 :( 1 )染氟大鼠血清中 NO浓度为 ( 1 1 .1 5± 3.58μ mol/L)、NOS活性为 ( 4.60± 1 .0 7U/ml)均明显低于对照组 NO( 1 5.86± 5.82 μ mol/L)和 NOS( 8.1 1± 1 .2 2 u/ml) ( P<0 .0 5)。 ( 2 )染氟大鼠血清 SOD含量( 84 .53± 8.36NU /ml)与对照组 SOD ( 85.84± 1 4 .4 7NU/ml)差异无显著性 ( P>0 .0 5)。结论 :本文提示染氟可降低体内 NO浓度和 NOS的活性 ,而 NO与 SOD含量之间的关系仍需进一步研究     

血瘀证兔模型血管内皮细胞中一氧化氮合酶 的基因表达及其分泌一氧化氮的变化

【目的】了解实验性血瘀证动物模型血管内皮细胞中一氧化氮合酶(NOS)的基因表达及其分泌NO的变化。【方法】用半定量RT-PCR方法检测模型组体内血管内皮细胞及体外培养的细胞中组成型一氧化氮合酶mRNA的表达,并相应测定分泌的NO水平。【结果】与对照组比较,模型组兔体内血管内皮细胞中组成型NOS(cNOS)基因表达以及血浆和原代培养液中NO水平皆明显下降(P＜0.01),同期血浆中NO含量与内皮细胞中cNOSmRNA的表达水平呈正相关(r=0.739,P＜0.01)。两组间体外培养的传代细胞中cNOS基因表达及培养液上清中NO含量无明显差异(P＞0.05),但NO水平都比各自原代培养液中的明显升高(P＜0.01,P＜0.05)。【结论】短期内血瘀证兔模型体内内源性NO水平降低主要是cNOS基因表达下降导致的,随时间的延长,不排除诱导型NOS(iNOS)及体内其他因素对分泌NO的综合影响。     

葡萄籽原花青素对糖基化终产物损伤内皮细胞的保护作用

目的：研究不同浓度葡萄籽原花青素(GSPC)对糖基化终产物(AGE)作用下人脐静脉内皮细胞的保护作用及其机制。　方法：体外培养人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVEC),糖孵育法制备糖基化终产物修饰牛血清白蛋白(AGE-BSA)。实验分为6组,即空白对照组、实验对照组(BSA组)、损伤组(AGE组)、损伤加入GSPC低、中、高浓度组。将200mg/L AGE作用于不同浓度GSPC培养4h的内皮细胞,继续培养24?h,以细胞生存活力、血管性假血友病因子（vWF）、一氧化氮(NO)为检测指标。结果：200mg/L　AGE抑制HUVEC生存活力,细胞增殖活力下降为正常组的90.53％,GSPC预孵育组细胞生存活力逐渐增加,分别为正常组的0.95、1.12、1.23倍;AGE组vWF生成量较正常对照组明显增加(P<0.01),NO含量较正常对照组明显降低(P<0.01)。GSPC预孵育组可显著降低增高的vWF水平,NO生成量显著高于AGE组(P<0.01), 100mg/L GSPC预处理组NO水平恢复至正常水平。结论：AGE会损伤内皮细胞,抑制内皮细胞的生存活力,减少NO的生成。GSPC可抑制AGE对内皮细胞的损伤作用,且可抑制AGE减少NO生成的作用,并呈浓度依赖性,提示GSPC保护内皮细胞免受AGE损伤的机制可能与增加内皮细胞NO生成量有关。     

miRNA-31在高糖诱导内皮细胞功能障碍中的作用

目的 探讨miRNA-31在高糖诱导的内皮细胞功能障碍中的作用机制.方法 体外培养人冠状动脉内皮细胞系,不同浓度高糖刺激24h后检测细胞内皮型一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)蛋白表达及培养上清液NO含量;Real-time PCR检测高糖刺激后miRNA-31表达变化;microRNA在线分析软件预测并应用双荧光素酶报告基因系统和Western blot验证eNOS是否为miRNA-31的直接靶基因;通过转染miRNA-31 antagomir观察miR-NA-31对内皮细胞功能障碍的影响.结果 不同浓度的高糖刺激内皮细胞24h后,eNOS蛋白表达和培养液NO含量呈剂量依赖性下降.高糖刺激内皮细胞miRNA-31表达明显增加.microRNA在线分析软件及双荧光素酶报告基因实验提示eNOS的翻译水平受miRNA-31直接调控.转染miRNA-31 antagomir明显上调高糖刺激后内皮细胞eNOS蛋白和培养液NO含量.结论 miRNA-31上调进而抑制eNOS表达可能是高糖诱导内皮细胞功能障碍的作用机制之一.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.