基于聚偏氟乙烯-三氟乙烯的复合压电纳米粒子用于脑胶质瘤细胞的精准成像与靶向治疗

目的 探讨基于偏氟乙烯(vinylidene fluoride, VDF)和三氟乙烯(trifluoroethylene, TrFE)的共聚物[poly (VDF-TrFE), P(VDF-TrFE)]构建的复合压电纳米粒子在脑胶质瘤细胞中治疗和成像的效能。方法 对P(VDF-TrFE)压电材料进行晶型重塑和亲水性改善,通过点击化学反应将精氨酰-甘氨酰-天冬氨酸合成肽(Arg-Gly-Asp, RGD)连接到二硬脂酰基磷脂酰乙醇胺-聚乙二醇-马来酰亚胺脂[1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-poly(ethylene glycol)-maleimide, DSPE-PEG-Mal]上;同时以DSPE-PEG-四氮杂环配体(DSPE-PEG-tetranitroheterocyclic ligand, DSPE-PEG-DOTA)为底液,加入一定量醋酸钆溶液,通过螯合获得DSPE-PEG-DOTA-钆造影剂(DSPE-PEG-DOTA-Gd);按比例将重塑后的P(VDF-TrFE)、DAPE-PEG-Mal-RGD和DSPE-P...     

PZT/P（VDF-TrFE）纤维膜的静电纺丝制备及其性能

以锆钛酸铅压电陶瓷（PZT）和聚（偏氟乙烯-三氯乙烯）（P（VDF-TrFE））共聚物为原料,利用静电纺丝的方法制备了PZT/P（VDF-TrFE）纤维膜。用扫描电子显微镜、精密阻抗测试仪和拉力试验机对纤维膜的形貌、电学性能、力学性能进行了表征。结果表明,适当地提升PZT的质量分数能有效提升纤维膜中纤维丝的均匀性。当PZT质量分数为4%时,纤维丝的均匀性最佳;静电纺丝方法能够得到低介电常数的PZT/P（VDF-TrFE）纤维膜,并且通过调节PZT的质量分数,可以保证纤维膜的介电常数在一定范围内变化。PZT颗粒的加入能够有效调节PZT/P（VDF-TrFE）纤维膜的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率,当PZT质量分数为4%时,纤维膜具有最佳的综合力学性能,能够满足可穿戴设备的要求。     

全氟磺酸-聚偏氟乙烯复合纳米纤维的制备与表征

以全氟磺酸(PFSA)为聚合物主体,加入疏水聚合物聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)共混,通过静电纺丝制备了PFSA-PVDF复合纳米纤维。通过电导率、黏度、表面张力、动态光散射、扫描电镜以及差示扫描量热(DSC)等表征手段系统考察了共混体系中聚合物的配比对溶液性质及纤维膜的形态结构和性能的影响。结果表明:PVDF与PFSA之间具有较强烈的相互作用,导致纺丝溶液的黏度增加,从而有效提高溶液的可纺性。随着纺丝液中PVDF的含量提高,复合纤维的直径分布变得均匀。     

静电纺丝素纳米纤维对大鼠深Ⅱ度烧伤创面愈合的作用

目的 探讨静电纺丝素纳米纤维对大鼠深Ⅱ度烧伤创面愈合的影响及作用机制.方法 采用静电纺丝技术制备丝素纳米纤维,建立SD大鼠深Ⅱ度烧伤创面模型,将60只雄性SD大鼠随机分成静电纺丝素纳米纤维治疗组(实验组)和对照组,实验组创面予以静电纺丝素纳米纤维敷料覆盖,对照组创面以无菌纱布覆盖.观察大鼠烫伤创面大体愈合情况,苏木精-...     

气流辅助高压静电纺丝法制备蚕丝蛋白纳米纤维的研究

目的研究蚕丝丝素蛋白亚微米和纳米纤维二者在超细纤维加工方面的特点.方法通过高压静电纺丝和气流辅助高压静电纺丝工艺制备蚕丝蛋白亚微米、纳米纤维.结果当气体流量达到4 L/min时,气流辅助高压静电纺丝可以制的更细的纳米纤维.结论气流辅助高压静电纺丝工艺有助于获得更细的纳米纤维.     

氧化锌/聚乙烯醇纳米纤维的制备及对创伤的治疗作用

目的 探讨静电纺丝技术制备氧化锌/聚乙烯醇(zinc oxide/polyvinyl alcohol,ZnO/PVA)纳米纤维作为新型创伤敷料的可行性,考察其性能及对创伤愈合的促进作用.方法 以溶液-凝胶法制备氧化锌纳米粒,再通过静电纺丝技术制备载有氧化锌纳米粒(1％、3％、5％)的ZnO/PVA纳米纤维并对其进行交联,采用扫描电镜和透射电镜对氧化锌纳米粒和纳米纤维进行观察,同时检测ZnO/PVA纳米纤维的透气性和吸水率,考察ZnO/PVA纳米纤维对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制作用和对人皮肤成纤维细胞的毒性;建立大鼠皮肤创面模型,观察ZnO/PVA纳米纤维对创面的愈合作用.结果 氧化锌纳米粒粒径为(64.69±20.47)nm,ZnO/PVA纳米纤维直径为(324.22±144.80) nm,纳米纤维直径较细且较为均一,交联效果明显;ZnO/PVA纳米纤维的透气性和吸水率均优于无纺布,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);ZnO/PVA纳米纤维对金葡萄的抑制作用较强;1％的ZnO/PVA纳米纤维无细胞毒性;ZnO/PVA纳米纤维能够促进创伤愈合,其促愈合作用优于创可贴(P＜0.05).结论 采用静电纺丝技术制备的ZnO/PVA纳米纤维透气性好,吸水性强,抑菌作用较强,作用安全,能够促进创伤的愈合,有望成为理想的新型创伤敷料.     

PLGA/鱼皮胶原共轭静电纺丝膜在大鼠体内降解的实验研究*

目的：对一种新型聚乳酸-羟基乙酸(polylactic acid-glycolic acid, PLGA)/鱼皮胶原共轭静电纺丝膜的细胞毒性和体内降解进行初步探讨,为应用于引导骨组织再生(guide bone regeneration, GBR)提供实验依据。方法：以PLGA和医用级鱼皮Ⅰ型胶原为原材料,通过共轭静电纺丝技术制备出高取向性的纳米纤维膜,然后分别检测细胞毒性和大鼠体内的降解过程,初步评价组织学形态与体内降解率。结果：PLGA/鱼皮胶原共轭静电纺丝膜的细胞毒性为1级,符合植入性医用材料的标准。成纤维细胞黏附生长良好,且不能穿过纤维膜生长到膜的对侧。结论：PLGA/鱼皮胶原共轭静电纺丝膜可用作GBR的屏障膜。     

新型静电纺丝纳米支架敷料对大鼠皮肤创伤的作用

目的 观察新型静电纺丝纳米支架敷料对皮肤创面的修复作用.方法 应用静电纺丝技术制备壳聚糖(CS)/聚己内酯(PCL)纳米支架敷料.选取健康大鼠,制备皮肤损伤创面,分为实验组(应用新型静电纺丝纳米支架敷料)及对照组(应用凡士林油纱).观察两组创面在术后第3、5、7、10、14天的愈合形态并计算愈合率,于术后第7、14天分...     

聚己内酯静电纺丝纳米纤维基复合材料在口腔医学中的应用研究进展

静电纺丝可制备出模拟细胞外基质的生物支架材料，以聚己内酯（poly-caprolactone，PCL）作为静电纺丝原料可获得良好的生物相容性，而将PCL电纺纳米纤维与无机材料组合，可以改善支架材料亲水性和机械性能，调控降解性能，增强生物矿化能力，具有良好的应用前景。文章对PCL静电纺丝纳米纤维基复合材料在口腔医学中的应用进行综述。     

聚乙烯醇明胶混合水溶液的静电纺丝

将聚乙烯醇与明胶混合水溶液进行静电纺丝,制备了聚乙烯醇与明胶混合超细纤维及其电纺膜,研究了混合纺丝液的组成对纺丝液的粘度、表面张力和电导率的影响,观察了纤维的微观形貌,并对电纺膜进行了差示扫描量热测定.结果表明:当混合液中明胶含量小于20 9/6时,静电纺丝可以稳定进行.随着明胶含量由5%逐渐增加至25%,混合超细纤维的平均直径先是由260nm逐渐下降至207 nm而后又逐渐增加至320 nm.明胶的含量低于15%时,不影响其混合电纺膜中PVA的结晶.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.