RP－HPLC法测定氢氯噻嗪片中氢氯噻嗪及其有关物质的含量

建立了氢氯噻嗪片中氢氯噻嗪及其有关物质含量的反相高效液相色谱测定法。色谱条件：色谱柱：ＳｐｈｅｒｉｓｏｒｂＣ１６（４ＩＤ×１５０ｍｍ，５μｍ）；流动相：水－乙腈（８８∶１２）；流速：０．８ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ；柱温：室温；ＡＵＦＳ：０．３２；检测波长：２７３ｎｍ。在本实验条件下，氢氯噻嗪与４－氨基－６－氯－１，３－苯二磺酰胺分离效果良好。氢氯噻嗪在５～３５μｇ浓度范围内具有良好的线性关系，其最小检出限约为０．２μｇ／ｍｌ；４－氨基－６－氯－１，３－苯二磺酰胺在２～３０μｇ／ｍｌ浓度范围内具有良好的线性关系，其最小检出限约为０．１μｇ／ｍｌ。     

RP—HPLC法测定氢氯噻嗪片中氢氯噻嗪瘃其有关物质的含量

建立了氢氯噻嗪片中氢氯噻嗪诼其有关物质含量的反盯高效液相色谱测定法。色谱条件：色谱柱：ＳｐｈｅｒｉｓｏｒｂＣ１６（４ＩＤ×１５０ｍｍ，５μｍ）；流动相；水－乙腈（８８：１２）；流速：０．８ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ；柱温；室温；ＡＵＦＳ；０．３２；检测波长：２７３ｎｍ。在本实验条件下，氢氯噻嗪与４－氨基－６－氯－１，３－苯二磺酰胺分离效果良好。氢氯噻嗪在５－３５μｇ浓度范围内具有良好的线性关系，其最小检出限约为     

l—18—甲基—3,17—二亚乙二氧基—雌甾—5—烯—11—酮的合成

以ｌ－１８－甲基炔诺酮的光学活性中间体氢物（１）为原料，经６步反应制得了ｌ－１８－甲基－３，１７－二亚乙二氧基－雌甾－５－烯－１１－酮（７），其中着重摸索了氢化反应、锂氨还原及将（４）的１１α，１７β－二羟基物用Ｊｏｎｅｓ试剂进行选择性氧化１７β－羟基的反应条件     

l─18─甲基─3，17─二亚乙二氧基─雌甾─5─烯─11─酮的合成

以ｌ－１８－甲基炔诺酮的光学活性中间体氢化物（１）为原料，经６步反应制得了ｌ－１８－甲基－３，１７－二亚乙二氧基－雌甾－５－烯－１１－酮（７），其中着重摸索了硼氢化反应，锂氨还原及将（４′）的１１α，１７β－二羟基物用Ｊｏｎｅｓ试剂进行选择性氧化１７β－羟基的反应条件。     

2－氯－4－溴－α－甲基肉桂酸钠盐对蟾蜍神经肌接头兴奋传递的影响

在蟾蜍坐骨神经－缝匠肌标本上进行细胞内记录，观察２－氯－４－溴－α－甲基肉桂酸钠盐三个浓度组对神经肌接头电活动的影响。０．１ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ对肌细胞静息膜电位和终板电位无影响；１ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ对肌细胞静息电位也没有影响，但使终板电位从１．８８±０．２９ｍＶ减小到０．２６±０．０６ｍＶ（ｎ＝８，ｐ＜０．０１），双脉冲易化作用减弱，甚至抑制；１Ｏｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ使终板电位完全消失，使肌细胞静息膜电位从８２．１３±１．０５ｍＶ降至４８．６３±１．７６ｍＶ（ｎ＝８）。结果表明２－氯－４－溴－α－甲基肉桂酸钠盐对蟾蜍神经肌肉接头传递有阻遏作用，其阻遏作用可能主要是通过突触前机理。     

人胃、十二指肠粘膜SS，AVP，EK和β－EP含量测定及其临床意义

作者应用放免分析法对２４例十二指肠溃疡（ＤＵ），１５例胃溃疡（ＧＵ）患者胃、十二指肠粘膜进行了生长抑素（ＳＳ），精氨酸加压素（ＡＶＰ）、脑啡肽（ＥＫ）和β－内啡肽（β－ＥＰ）含量测定．同时以２０例慢性浅表性胃炎（ＣＳＧ）为对照．结果表明，ＤＵ患者球、窦和体部粘膜ＳＳ含量（依次为１５３．５±２７．５，３３０．９±２３．９和１７７．１±３０．９ｐｇ／ｍｇ）显著低于（Ｐ＜０．０５）对照（依次为２５３．７±３４．２，５８８．９±８５．３和２８８．８±４０．５ｐｇ／ｍｇ），ＥＫ（依次为９８．６±１３．２，１０８．２±１６．５和５８．５±１０．３）和β－ＥＰ（依次为１１３．０±２２．６，８８．７±１６．８和８２．８±１８．８ｐｇ／ｍｇ）显著高于（Ｐ＜０．０１）对照（ＥＫ依次为５０．１±８．８，６２．９±１１．４和３０．９±３．０；β－ＥＰ依次为８２．３±８．１，３９．８±６．８和４９．８±９．１）．ＤＵ患者球部粘膜ＡＶＰ（５２．３±７．０ｐｇ／ｍｇ）显著高于（Ｐ＜０．０５）ＣＳＧ（３７．７±４．３ｐｇ／ｍｇ）．ＧＵ组上述激素含量与对照组比较均无显著差异．提示：①ＡＶＰ，ＳＳ，ＥＫ和β－ＥＰ在人胃、十二指肠皆有分布；②粘     

HPLC法测定长效异乐定胶囊中5—单硝酸异山梨酯的含量

用反相高效液相色谱法测定了长效异乐定胶囊中５－单硝酸异山梨酯的含量。色谱柱为ＹＷＧ－ＯＤＳ Ｃ１８（２５０ｍｍ×４．６ｍｍＩ．Ｄ，５μｍ）；流动相为甲醇－水（１：１）；检测波长为２３０ｎｍ。本法测定平均回收率为９９．２９％，ＲＳＤ＝０．２４％；日内精密度ＲＳＤ为０．３２％；日间精密度ＲＳＤ为０．９２％。与比色法比较，本法测定结果准确可靠。     

气相色谱法检测HSV－1、CMV、VZV成份的研究

为快速诊断病毒性感染，用气相色谱分析法检测了病毒成份。将ＨＳＶ－１、ＣＭＶ、ＶＺＶ分别于５ｍｏｌ／ＬＨＣｌ，０．２ｍｏｌ／ＬＨＣｌ－ＫＣｌ缓冲液中水浴，乙醚提取，提取液用氮气吹干。分析前将提取物用甲醇溶解，进行气相色谱测定。结果表明，三种病毒在２．５７ｍｉｎ时出现一共同的色谱峰；ＨＳＶ－１在保留时间为７．７２，８．１８，１１．７８，１８．１０，１８．９０ｍｉｎ时显示５个特有色谱峰；ＣＭＶ在１０．５７ｍｉｎ时有一特有色谱峰；ＶＺＶ在２．４１和７，６１ｍｉｎ时出现２个特有的色谱峰。本法对病毒疾病的诊断和鉴别诊断具有重要的参考价值。     

乙酰水杨酸－聚－α，β－DL－（3－羟丙基）－天冬酰胺共价复合体中乙酰水杨酸含量测定

作者采用比色测定法，建立了一种测定乙酰水杨酸－聚－α，β－ＤＬ－（３－羟丙基）－天冬酰胺（ＡＳＡ－ＰＨＰＡ）共价复合体中的乙酰水杨酸（ＡＳＡ）含量的方法。该法先将ＡＳＡ－ＰＨＰＡ经０．１ｍｏｌ／ＬＮａＯＨ水解生成水杨酸（ＳＡ）后，在ｐＨ２．５～３．５的缓冲溶液中，用ＦｅＣｌ３与ＳＡ生成络合物，检测波长为５２５ｎｍ，并进行比色测定，其线性范围在２～８０μｇ／ｍｌ，加样回收率为１００．１０±０．４４％，方法简便可行。     

rhEDIL－8对大鼠失血性休克血浆6－keto－PGF_（1α）和TXB_2含量的影响

应用放射姓免疫分析技术观察ｒｈＥＤＩＬ－８对大鼠晚期失血性休克血浆６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ_（１α）和ＴＸＢ_２含量的影响，并与ＭＡＢＰ的变化作相关性分析。结果发现晚期失血性休克血浆６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ_（１α）含量明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＴＸＢ_２含量明显升高（Ｐ＜０．０１）；给予ｒｈＥＤＩＬ－８（２５０μｇ／ｋｇ）静脉注射后血浆６～ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ_（１α）含量明显升高，其血浆水平与ＭＡＢＰ呈明显的正相关性（ｒ＝０．７４６）；ｒｈＥＤＩＬ－８对血浆ＴＸＢ_２含量却无明显影响。研究结果提示：ｒｈＥＤＩＬ－８抗晚期失血性休克作用与其促进血管内皮细胞产生和释放ＰＧＩ_２有关。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.