共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
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MicroRNA(miRNA)是一类小的非编码RNA,在转录后水平通过负性调节基因的表达从而维持细胞分化、增殖、凋亡等多种过程的动态平衡。大量研究已表明,作为肿瘤抑制和致癌途径中组成部分的miRNA,它们表达的异常与多种癌症的发生相关。尽管目前在控制肿瘤形成方面已有进展,但是针对不同的肿瘤仍缺乏有效的诊断和治疗。研究显示,不同肿瘤中具有特异性的miRNA表达谱,对此进行分析可能有助于解决肿瘤诊断和治疗方面的难题。本文对近些年miRNA在肿瘤中的相关研究做了总结,以为肿瘤的诊断和治疗提供新的视角。 相似文献
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微小RNA(miRNA)在多数肿瘤中存在异常表达,能在转录后水平调控靶基因的表达,发挥促进或抑制肿瘤浸润转移的作用,其自身的表达也受表观遗传学静息等多种机制的调节.miRNA作为一种理想的标记物,有望成为临床肿瘤治疗的新靶点. 相似文献
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微小RNA(MicroRNA,miRNA)是一类小分子RNA,在转录后水平对基因的表达进行调控.目前研究证明,miRNA可通过不同信号通路直接参与人类多种肿瘤的形成与发展.本文就miRNA的形成、作用机制及其与肿瘤的关系等方面予以综述,并着重介绍了miRNA在膀胱癌中的研究进展. 相似文献
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贺小停 《国外医学(肿瘤学分册)》2010,(12):883-885
微RNA(miRNA)是一类非编码的小RNA分子,通过直接抑制基因转录或蛋白质的表达而在器官发育,细胞增殖、分化和凋亡等多种生理过程中发挥关键作用.miRNA异常表达往往导致包括肿瘤在内的多种疾病.研究发现,miRNA在肿瘤发生发展、侵袭转移及肿瘤的诊治中起着重要作用. 相似文献
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微核糖核酸( microRNA,miRNA)是一类内源性非编码单链小RNA,可在转录后调节靶标mRNA的剪切或抑制mRNA翻译.研究发现,miRNA在多种病理生理过程中发挥重要作用,如细胞增殖、干细胞分化、肿瘤形成等.肿瘤干细胞常含有异常的miRNA,其中某些miRNA的异常结构或表达可影响肿瘤发展.根据miRNA表达异常对肿瘤发生、发展的不同影响,可把miRNA分为癌基因性miRNA与抑癌基因miRNA两类.随着对miRNA了解的深入,发现部分miRNA的表达还具有促进和抑制肿瘤的双向性作用.因此,通过区别miRNA对肿瘤干细胞的不同作用,可利用miRNA靶点治疗肿瘤,即利用抗miRNA疗法阻滞癌基因性miRNA;利用miRNA mimics或慢病毒恢复抑癌基因性miRNA的功能,从而抑制肿瘤发展.相信随着miRNA与肿瘤干细胞的特异性及其作用机制等方面研究的深入,miRNA将会作为一种新的肿瘤调控因子,加快肿瘤治疗的研究进展. 相似文献
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MicroRNA-cancer connection: the beginning of a new tale 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
Cancer initiation and progression can involve microRNAs (miRNA), which are small noncoding RNAs that can regulate gene expression. Their expression profiles can be used for the classification, diagnosis, and prognosis of human malignancies. Loss or amplification of miRNA genes has been reported in a variety of cancers, and altered patterns of miRNA expression may affect cell cycle and survival programs. Germ-line and somatic mutations in miRNAs or polymorphisms in the mRNAs targeted by miRNAs may also contribute to cancer predisposition and progression. We propose that alterations in miRNA genes play a critical role in the pathophysiology of many, perhaps all, human cancers. 相似文献
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Genes that control cell differentiation and development are frequently mutated in human cancer. Micro (mi)RNAs are small regulatory RNAs that are emerging as important regulators of cell division/differentiation and human cancer genes. In this review, the miRNA cancer connection is discussed and the possibility of using this novel, but potentially powerful new therapy, involving miRNAs, to treat cancers is speculated on. For example, lung cancer is the major cause of cancer deaths in the USA, but existing therapies fail to treat this disease in the overwhelming majority of cases. The let-7 miRNA is one of a number of 'oncomirs', natural miRNA tumor suppressors in lung tissue, which may prove useful in treating lung cancer or enhancing current treatments for lung cancer. 相似文献
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微小RNA (miR)-203具有细胞干性抑制潜能,可通过抑制细胞干性相关转录因子的表达来调节细胞上皮样分化.研究表明miR-203在多种肿瘤组织中表达异常,包括膀胱癌、乳腺癌、结肠癌和胰腺癌等.miR-203通过调节细胞增殖、分化和凋亡在肿瘤的发生发展中发挥重要作用. 相似文献
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Oncomirs - microRNAs with a role in cancer 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an abundant class of small non-protein-coding RNAs that function as negative gene regulators. They regulate diverse biological processes, and bioinformatic data indicates that each miRNA can control hundreds of gene targets, underscoring the potential influence of miRNAs on almost every genetic pathway. Recent evidence has shown that miRNA mutations or mis-expression correlate with various human cancers and indicates that miRNAs can function as tumour suppressors and oncogenes. miRNAs have been shown to repress the expression of important cancer-related genes and might prove useful in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. 相似文献