风湿性关节炎患者T细胞表达CCR5和CXCR3的三色流式细胞分析

目的 在单细胞水平上，研究类风湿性关节炎（RA）患者滑液及外周血中T淋巴细胞上CCR5及CXCR3的表达，并结合临床资料分析其在RA发病中的可能作用机制及临床应用。方法 分离15例RA患者的滑液单个核细胞（SFMC）、外周血单个核细胞（PBMC），及15正常人PBMC（对照），以三色荧光素标记物进行流式细胞术分析T细胞上CCR5及CXCR3的表达。结果 与PBMC相比较，RA患者SFMC中T细胞上CCR5及CXCR3的表达显著增高（特别是CCR5）；而CXCR3的表达个体差异较大；与正常人相比较，RA患者初发或活动期未治时，PBMC中CCR5及CXCR3的表达明显增多。CCR5及CXCR3的表达率与患者的ESR及CRP相关。结论 CCR5^ T细胞积聚在RA患者的病变关节内，且与RA的病情密切相关。     

TLR9、IFN-α和BAFF水平与系统性红斑狼疮的相关性研究

目的检测系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs)Toll样受体(TLR)-9 mRNA及血清干扰素(IFN)-α、B细胞活化因子(BAFF)水平,探讨TLR9与SLE疾病活动的关系及与IFN-α、BAFF在SLE发病中可能的相互作用。方法应用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(real-time PCR)检测40例SLE患者及20例健康对照者PBMCs中TLR9 mRNA水平;采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测60例SLE患者及20例健康对照者血清IFN-α、BAFF水平。结果 1SLE患者外周血单个核细胞TLR9 mRNA表达水平较健康对照组上调(P0.05);TLR9 mRNA表达水平与SLE疾病活动指数(SLEDAI)、血沉(ESR)呈正相关(P0.01,P0.05);与补体3(C3)呈负相关(P0.05)。2SLE患者血清中BAFF、IFN-α水平高于健康对照(P均0.05);BAFF、IFN-α水平均与SLEDAI呈正相关(P0.05)。3SLE患者中抗ds-DNA抗体阳性者TLR9 mRNA、BAFF与IFN-α水平高于阴性者(P均0.05)。4SLE患者外周血单个核细胞TLR9mRNA表达水平与血清中BAFF、IFN-α水平正相关(P0.01);血清中BAFF与IFN-α呈正相关(P0.05)。结论 SLE患者外周血单个核细胞TLR9 mRNA表达上调,血清中BAFF、IFN-α分泌增加,均与疾病活动相关。SLE患者外周血单个核细胞TLR9 mRNA表达与血清IFN-α、BAFF水平之间及BAFF和IFN-α之间均呈显著正相关,提示TLR9、BAFF及IFN-α参与了人类SLE的发病过程并相互调控,在SLE疾病活动维持中起重要作用。     

1型糖尿病患者外周血IL-35表达及其对Th9细胞的调控作用

目的观察1型糖尿病(type 1 diabetes mellitus, T1DM)患者外周血IL-35的表达及其对Th9细胞的调控作用。方法入组31例T1DM患者和13例对照者, 分离血浆和外周血单个核细胞(peripheral blood mononuclear cells, PBMCs)。ELISA检测血浆IL-35和IL-9水平, 实时定量PCR法检测PBMCs中IL-35亚基EBI3和IL-12p35亚基以及Th9转录因子PU.1 mRNA相对表达量, 流式细胞术检测PBMCs中Th9细胞比例。使用重组人IL-35刺激T1DM患者和对照者PBMCs, CCK-8法检测细胞增殖, 并检测Th9细胞比例、PU.1 mRNA相对表达量、IL-9分泌水平的变化。分选11例T1DM患者PBMCs中的CD4+CCR4-CCR6-CXCR3-细胞和CD8+T细胞, 使用重组人IL-35刺激CD4+CCR4-CCR6-CXCR3-细胞, 将104个CD4+CCR4-CCR6-CXCR3-细胞与105个CD8+T细胞共培养, ELISA法检测培养上清中IFN-γ和TNF-α水平, 酶联免疫斑点试...     

维生素D3对人外周血单个核细胞CCR5 mRNA表达的影响

目的观察不同浓度1α,25-(OH)2-D3对外周血单个核细胞CCR5 mRNA表达的影响及时间效应,旨在探讨1α,25-(OH)2-D3治疗疾病的可能机制。方法应用反转录-聚合酶链反应技术分别检测不同浓度(1×10-5、1×10-6、1×10-7 mol/L)1α,25-(OH)2-D3对外周血单个核细胞CCR5 mRNA表达的影响,同时检测每个浓度作用不同时间(6、12、24、48 h)对外周血单个核细胞CCR5 mRNA表达的影响。结果不同浓度1α,25-(OH)2-D3作用不同时间,对人外周血单个核细胞CCR5 mRNA表达均有不同程度抑制作用,呈现一定的浓度和时间依赖性,当浓度为1×10-5 mol/L的1α,25-(OH)2-D3处理人外周血单个核细胞48 h后该作用达高峰(P<0.05)。结论 1α,25-(OH)2-D3可在转录水平抑制CCR5表达,这可能是1α,25-(OH)2-D3治疗疾病的作用机制之一。     

不同疾病状态下类风湿关节炎患者外周血和关节液A20基因表达水平的改变特点

目的分析A20和NF-κB基因在类风湿关节炎(RA)患者外周血和关节液中的表达水平及治疗前后表达水平的变化,探讨A20在RA炎症发生发展的作用。方法利用实时荧光定量PCR(q RT-PCR)检测RA患者外周血和关节液中单个核细胞A20和NF-κB基因表达水平以及RA患者治疗前(疾病活动期)和治疗后3个月外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs)A20和NF-κB基因表达水平。结果 1)疾病活动期54例RA患者PBMCs中A20表达水平(6.52±5.85)明显低于健康对照组(34.47±26.55,P0.001),NF-κB表达水平(1.55±2.02)高于健康对照组(0.59±0.16,P=0.046);2)14例RA患者PBMCs中A20(8.07±6.25)和NF-κB(7.11±19.01)与关节液单个核细胞A20(7.74±5.74)和NF-κB(0.76±0.24)表达水平差异无统计学意义(P0.05);3)19例RA患者治疗后3月病情明显缓解,治疗后PBMCs中A20表达水平(10.18±13.22)较治疗前(2.32±1.87)明显升高(P=0.019),但治疗后外周血A20表达水平仍然明显低于健康对照组(P0.001);NF-κB表达水平在治疗前后无明显变化(P=0.403)。结论 RA患者外周血A20表达水平明显降低,并与NF-κB表达水平上调相对应,而RA疾病缓解后,A20表达水平有所恢复。RA患者关节液中A20和NF-κB表达水平与患者外周血中A20和NF-κB相似。     

趋化因子受体CCR5反义RNA在真核细胞中的表达

目的 构建趋化因子受体CCR5反义RNA真核表达载体并获取重组假病毒颗粒以用于抗HIV-1研究，方法 用RT-PCR法从健康人外周血单个核细胞（PBMCs)中获得趋化因子受体CCR5翻译起始区的基因片段，并以正、反两个方面定向插入到真核表达载体pLXSN上，重组载体用脂质体转染剂（lipofectAMINE)转染PA317包装细胞，抗-G418克隆的细胞上清经逆转录后用荧光定量PCR（FQ-PCR）测定假病毒滴度，进一步感染NIH/3T3细胞。结果 CCR5正、反义RNA的真核表达载体。经PA317细胞包装形成的假病毒颗粒已成功地感染NIH/3T3细胞，目的基因在该细胞中得到整合与表达。结论 从PBMCs中获得的趋化因子受体CCR5基因片段通过逆转录病毒载体可转移至真核细胞中并得到表达，为进一步研究CCR5反义RNA的抗HIV-1作用奠定了基础。     

单核细胞骨调素的表达水平与狼疮肾炎

目的：研究骨调素（OPN）在狼疮性肾损害中的作用。方法：采用酶联免疫吸附试验（Ⅱ届A）检测了90例系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）患者、15例非SLE肾损害患者及30例对照血浆OPN的水平，应用半定量RT-PCR方法，测定以上各组外周血单个核细胞（PBMCs）OPN的表达。结果：狼疮处于疾病活动时PBMCs OPN mRNA表达上调，尤其是狼疮肾炎活动组患者PBMCs OPN mRNA表达增加最为显著（P〈0．01），PBMCs OPN mRNA表达不仅与总狼疮疾病活动指数评分呈正相关（r=0．532，P〈0．001），而且与狼疮疾病活动指数肾评分呈正相关（r=0．584，P〈0．001），而非狼疮肾脏疾病组仅低水平表达，与正常对照组水平相近似（P〉0．05）。狼疮活动组血清OPN水平较非活动组及正常对照组均明显升高（P〈0．01），但活动性狼疮肾炎组与无肾损伤组之间血清OPN水平的差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论：狼疮处于疾病活动时PBMCs OPN mRNA表达上调，并与狼疮肾炎的疾病活动情况密切相关。     

银屑病患者外周血单个核细胞中CTLA4 mRNA及蛋白的表达

目的：了解细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关抗原4（CTLA4、CD152）mRNA及蛋白在银屑病患者外周血单个核细胞（PBMC）中的表达情况。方法：利用金葡菌肠毒素B（SEB）刺激PBMC体外增殖，采用原位杂交和ABC免疫组化方法检测寻常型现患者PBMC中CTLA4的表达。结果：银屑病患者PBMC中CTLA4 mRNA及蛋白的表达明显弱于正常人，其中进行期更弱于静止期。结论 CTLA4在银屑病患者PBMC中的表达缺陷提示CTLA4可能在银屑病发病中起一定作用。     

系统性红斑狼疮PBMCs c-myc mRNA的表达及其与疾病活动性相关性研究

目的:探讨系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs)的c-myc mRNA表达在SLE发病中的作用.方法:从33例SLE患者及20例健康对照组外周静脉血中分离PBMCs,提取总RNA作模板,按文献设计合成c-myc引物,以β-actin作内参,应用半定量逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测SLE患者及健康对照的PBMCs c-myc mRNA表达水平并进行组间比较,用系统性红斑狼疮疾病活动性指数(SLEDAI)评定每例患者疾病活动性,并对SLE患者PBMCs的c-myc mRNA表达水平与SLEDAI进行相关分析.结果:c-myc及β-actin的RT-PCR扩增产物电泳显示分别为268和163 bp条带.SLE患者PBMCs的c-myc mRNA相对表达量为0.58±0.26,而正常对照的相对表达量为0.07 ±0.04,两组差别有显著性(t'=11.024,P=0.000).25例活动期SLE患者的c-myc mRNA相对表达量为0.62±0.25,而8例缓解稳定期SLE患者的c-myc mRNA相对表达量为0.25 ±0.01,组间差别也有显著性(t'=7.86,P=0.000).SLE患者PBMCs的c-myc mRNA相对表达量与SLEDAI呈正相关(r =0.865 1,P＜0.05).结论:SLE患者PBMCs的c-myc mRNA表达异常,c-myc mRNA表达水平与SLE疾病活动评分指数呈直线正相关关系.c-myc mRNA表达水平可作为判断SLE疾病活动性的一个指标.     

急性髓细胞性白血病患者外周血单个核细胞CD28 mRNA的表达

背景：大量研究显示,肿瘤患者外周血T细胞表面共刺激分子CD28蛋白表达存在差异,提示共刺激通路异常可能与恶性肿瘤的发生进展有关。 目的：观察急性髓细胞性白血病外周血单个核细胞共刺激信号分子CD28 mRNA在中的表达。 方法：急性髓细胞性白血病患者80例,其中M0型7例,M1型6例,M2型18例,M3型15例,M4型17例,M5型9例,M6型8例。并根据急性白血病疗效标准将80例患者分为完全治愈组、缓解组、未缓解组。采用Taqman探针实时荧光定量PCR检测80例患者及76名健康人群外周血单个核细胞CD28 mRNA的表达。 结果与结论：急性髓细胞性白血病外周血单个核细胞M1,M3和M4亚型中的CD28 mRNA表达量低于健康人群 (P< 0.05);急性髓细胞性白血病未缓解组中CD28 mRNA低于健康人群 (P < 0.05),完全治愈组和缓解组中CD28 mRNA表达与健康人群差异无显著性意义。说明急性髓细胞白血病患者外周血单个核细胞存在CD28 mRNA表达缺陷,并与临床分期、病情进展及预后有关。     

外周血单核细胞SOCS-1表达与MODS患者预后关系的研究

目的了解外周血单核细胞SOCS-1表达与多器官功能障碍综合征（MODS）患者预后的关系及临床意义。方法收集24例MODS患者，并采集其外周静脉血，采用淋巴细胞分离液密度梯度离心法分离外周血单核细胞（PBMCs），分别以RT-PCR法及Western-blot法检测PBMCs中SOCS-1的基因及蛋白表达，分析其与预后及MODS评分的关系。结果MODS组中死亡患者PBMCs中的SOCS-1mRNA表达量（0.4938±0.0273）显著低于存活患者（0.5475±0.0289）（P〈0.05），SOCS-1蛋白表达量（0.7924±0.0284）显著低于存活患者（0.8406±0.0407）（P〈0.05）。MODS患者的PBMCs中的SOCS-1mRNA表达量与MODS评分呈显著的负相关关系（r=-0.723,P〈0.01），SOCS-1蛋白表达量与MODS评分呈显著的负相关关系（r=-0.534，P〈0.01）。结论在MODS中，SOCS-1的表达可能起到保护组织避免损伤的作用,SOCS-1表达的减少可能提示患者的预后不良     

脂蛋白和C反应蛋白对单核细胞趋化蛋白-1的影响

目的探讨单核细胞趋化蛋白-1（MCP-1）及其受体趋化因子受体2（CCR-2）经动脉粥样硬化相关因素刺激后表达量的变化情况。方法密度梯度离心法从健康成人外周血中分离获得单个核细胞，体外培养48h。给予氧化低密度脂蛋白（ox-LDL）、C反应蛋白（CRP）及高密度脂蛋白（HDL）进行干预。干预后用实时荧光定量RT—PCR技术检测单核细胞MCP-1 mRNA和CCR2 mRNA的含量，ELISA法检测MCP-1蛋白含量。结果ox—LDL＋CRP组、ox—LDL、CRP处理组MCP-1和CCR2 mRNA表达水平和MCP—1蛋白含量明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）。而经HDL处理的单核细胞表达MCP-1和CCR2 mRNA水平下调，MCP-1蛋白含量低于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论在体外培养的条件下，CRP和ox-LDL可以促进MCP-1和CCR2 mRNA表达，继而导致MCP-1含量增加，增强炎症反应的范围和强度。HDL可以有效的抑制MCP-1的表达。     

人PBMCs内表达CCR5Delta32蛋白对HIV-1辅受体抑制作用的研究

目的:在人PBMCs内表达CCR5Delta32蛋白,研究其对细胞表面HIV-1辅受体CCR5和CXCR4的抑制作用。方法:构建pLenti-CCR5Delta32慢病毒载体,包装后产生重组慢病毒。将其转染PBMCs,Western blot检测目的蛋白的表达。继续培养靶细胞,FACS分析细胞表面CCR5和CXCR4分子的变化。结果:成功构建了pLenti-CCR5Delta32慢病毒载体,包装后产生重组慢病毒。将其转染PBMCs,Western blot检测到目的蛋白的表达。FACS分析表明,靶细胞内目的蛋白的表达对靶细胞表面辅受体CCR5和CXCR4的产生起抑制作用,抑制率在转染后第6天达到高峰(CCR5的抑制率为51.69%,CXCR4的抑制率为61.05%)。结论:靶细胞内目的蛋白的成功表达及其对靶细胞表面HIV-1辅受体CCR5和CXCR4产生的抑制作用,为后续的AIDS基因治疗研究奠定了基础。     

CCR4 is an up-regulated chemokine receptor of peripheral blood memory CD4+ T cells in Crohn's disease

Several chemokine receptors are expressed selectively on the surface of T cells depending on their polarization. The aim of this study was to characterize chemokine receptor expression in peripheral blood memory T cells in Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), and to correlate the expression with disease activity. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were obtained from 24 patients with CD, 30 patients with UC, 24 normal controls and 10 disease controls. PBMCs were stained by anti-CCR3, CCR4, CCR5, CXCR3, CD4, CD8, CD45RO and beta 7 integrin, and the expression of the chemokine receptors were determined by flow cytometry. CCR4 expression on memory T cells was significantly lower in UC than in CD or normal controls, and that of memory CD4+ T and beta 7(high) memory CD4+ T cells was significantly higher in CD than in UC or normal controls. CCR4 expression on memory CD4+ T cells exhibited significant positive correlation with disease activity in CD, and this decreased significantly after treatment. Such a decrease was not found in the disease controls. CCR5 and CXCR3 expression on memory CD8+ T cells was significantly lower in CD than in normal controls. CXCR3 expression on beta 7(high) memory CD4+ T and CXCR3 expression on memory CD8+ T cells were lower in UC than in normal controls. These findings suggest that in peripheral blood memory T cells, chemokine receptor expression is different between CD and UC. Enhancement of CCR4 and suppression of CCR5 and CXCR3 seem to be the characteristic chemokine receptor profile in peripheral blood memory T cells of CD.     

Multiple determinants are involved in HIV coreceptor use as demonstrated by CCR4/CCL22 interaction in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)

Although a number of chemokine receptors display coreceptor activities in vitro, chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) and CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) remain the major coreceptors used by the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). In this study, we used an envelope-mediated fusion assay to demonstrate low CCR4 coreceptor activity with some primary HIV-1 and simian immunodeficiency virus-1 (mac316) isolates in vitro. The coreceptor activity was sensitive to CCR4-specific antibodies and to the CCR4-specific chemokine ligand macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC)/chemokine ligand 22 (CCL22). Treatment of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs; which express high levels of CCR4) with CCL22 caused down-modulation of endogenous CCR4 but had no significant effect on HIV-1 entry, suggesting that CCR4 may not be used as an entry coreceptor. Despite expression of other minor coreceptors on PBMCs, CCR5 and CXCR4 are preferentially used by HIV-1 isolates, as shown by chemokine-inhibition data. To determine the factors involved in this selective use, we analyzed CCR4 coreceptor activity and compared it with CCR5 use in PBMCs. We used a quantitative fluorescence-activated cell-sorting assay to estimate the numbers of CCR4 and CCR5 antibody-binding sites (ABS) on PBMCs. Although CCR4 was found on a higher percentage of CD4(+) cells, CCR5 ABS was twofold greater than CCR4 ABS on CD4(+) cells. Confocal microscopy revealed strong cell-surface CD4/CCR5 but weak CD4/CCR4 colocalization in PBMCs. Binding studies demonstrated that soluble gp120 had greater affinity to CCR5 than CCR4. The results suggested that coreceptor density, colocalization with CD4, and affinity of the viral gp120 to the coreceptor may determine preferential coreceptor use by HIV-1.     

Decreased expression levels of L-selectin on subsets of leucocytes and increased serum L-selectin in severe psoriasis

L-selectin is a leucocyte adhesion molecule involved in leucocyte interactions with vascular endothelial cells. Following leucocyte activation L-selectin is endoproteolytically released from the cell surface. To assess whether psoriasis vulgaris results in systemic leucocyte activation, we examined expression levels of L-selectin on subsets of peripheral blood leucocytes from patients with psoriasis (n = 25) and normal control subjects. Serum levels of soluble L-selectin were quantified by ELISA in patients with psoriasis (n = 75), pustulosis palmaris et plantaris, and contact dermatitis, as well as normal control subjects. Psoriasis severity was evaluated by psoriasis area and severity index (PASI). L-selectin expression levels on CD4+ T cells, B cells, monocytes, and neutrophils from patients with severe-type psoriasis (PASI > or = 15) was significantly decreased compared with leucocytes from normal control subjects. Furthermore, L-selectin expression on CD4+ T cells showed good inverse correlation with PASI scores. Monocyte L-selectin expression was restored when the skin lesions of psoriasis were remitted. The frequencies of L-selectin+ CD4+ T cells or L-selectin+ CD8+ T cells from patients with psoriasis were almost normal. Serum L-selectin levels in patients with severe-type psoriasis were significantly higher than those in normal control subjects. These results suggest that subsets of leucocytes may be activated in psoriasis, and that L-selectin expression levels on some leucocyte subsets, especially CD4+ T cells, tend to correlate with disease severity of psoriasis.     

Regulation of CCR5 and CXCR4 Expression by Type 1 and Type 2 Cytokines: CCR5 Expression Is Downregulated by IL-10 in CD4-Positive Lymphocytes

HIV-1 transmission and disease progression is, in general, characterized by initial predominance of macrophage tropic, non-syncytium-inducing strains followed by a switch to T-cell tropic, syncytium-inducing strains. Using sensitive, quantitative kinetic RT-PCR, we examined cytokine regulation of tropism-specific HIV-1 coreceptor expression in PBMCs from HIV-1-seronegative individuals. Proinflammatory (TNF-alpha and IL-12) and type 1 cytokines (IFN-gamma and IL-2) significantly upregulated CCR5 (wt allele) mRNA expression in CCR5 homozygous wild-type (wt/wt) and heterozygous individuals (wt/del) (P < 0.02). CCR5 (wt) mRNA expression in unstimulated PBMCs was significantly increased in wt/wt individuals compared to that of wt/del individuals (P < 0.01). In wt/del individuals, del CCR5 mRNA was expressed at 10-fold greater levels than wt CCR5 mRNA in unstimulated PBMCs from the same individual. Flow cytometry confirmed that upregulated CCR5 mRNA following type 1 cytokine stimulation leads to increased cell surface expression of CCR5 protein. The type 2 cytokine IL-10 downregulated both CCR5 mRNA and protein expression in wt/wt and wt/del individuals. Proinflammatory, type 1, and type 2 cytokines significantly increased CXCR4 mRNA expression in wt/wt, wt/del, and del/del CCR5 genotypes (P < 0.02). These results suggest that changes in the cytokine milieu influence chemokine receptor expression and may explain emergence of tropism-specific strains facilitating HIV transmission and disease progression.     

γδT细胞的扩增及其信号转导分子ζ链相关蛋白-70的免疫印迹检测

目的 检测人外周血γδT细胞的信号转导分子ζ链相关蛋白-70 （ZAP-70）的表达.方法 应用淋巴细胞分离液常规分离获取健康人外周血单个核细胞（PBMC）,用结核杆菌低分子多肽抗原（Mtb-Ag）刺激PBMC增殖培养,10d后收集细胞,用免疫磁珠阳性分选法分离获取高纯度的γδT细胞;采用免疫印迹方法检测γδT细胞内的ZAP-70分子.结果 新鲜分离的PBMC中γδT细胞的比例仅为4.9％,Mtb-Ag刺激培养10d后升为69.2％,免疫磁珠阳性分选后达99.3％.免疫印迹显示检测到γδT细胞内相对分子质量为70 000的ZAP-70分子的表达.结论 ZAP-70分子在活化增殖的人外周血γδT细胞内高表达.