克氏锥虫的超微结构

从感染克氏锥虫的小鼠切取病变心肌组织,同时取培养的锥虫作电镜观察。结果显示:无鞭毛体圆或椭圆形。鞭毛袋内藏鞭毛。无鞭毛体的鞭毛较短,大都藏于袋内。在鞭毛横切面上,周围有9对微管,中央有2根微管。质膜下有排列整齐的膜下微管,约143根。动基体腊肠状,内腔中含有呈“8”字形紧密排列的DNA纤丝。高尔基复合体呈囊状。在小鼠心肌纤维中,常可见簇状排列的无鞭毛体。锥鞭毛体的动基体在核后方,动基体的DNA由平行而疏松排列的纤丝组成。动基体DNA纤丝在无鞭毛体及锥鞭毛体内形态显著不同。阐明这种形态变化的本质,对揭示动基体功能将起重要作用。     

黑热病杜氏利什曼原虫超微结构观察

本文报告一例黑热病患者骨髓内杜氏利什曼原虫的超微结构。结果表明其基本结构与其他利什曼原虫相似,但虫体大小、膜下微管数及膜下微管中心间距有一些区别     

国外利什曼原虫病免疫学及免疫诊断研究近况

利什曼原虫病免疫学一利什曼原虫的多种型性利什曼原虫的特征是在其动基体的细胞器中有‘核外’的脱氧核糖核酸。这种原虫种型繁多,均寄生在不同脊椎动物宿主的细胞内部,而这些细胞主要是属于单核吞唁细胞系统。这种原虫在动物宿主细胞内繁殖为无鞭毛的圆形小体,称无鞭毛体(amastigoles)并在媒介昆虫——白蛉的肠壁内发育为单鞭毛体,称前鞭毛体(Promastigatas)。     

光敏生物素标记k-DNA打点杂交鉴定利什曼原虫种株

用光敏生物素标记利什曼原虫动基体DNA(k-DNA),以打点杂交鉴定利什曼原虫。结果表明,在前鞭毛体数为10~4～10~5时,此法能显示出利什曼原虫不同的种和株间有明显的区别,并且发现采自国内黑热病流行病学特征不同的地区的虫株间k-DNA 在同源程度上存在差异,但用传统分类法则无法加以鉴别。此法为快速、简便地鉴定利什曼原虫及诊断黑热病提供了新的途径。     

黑热病病原体杜氏利什曼原虫的检视

杜氏利什曼原虫的检视,可用所抽出之骨髓液做成涂片,以瑞忒 Wright 氏或其它常用之血片染色液染色后进行鏡检。杜氏利什曼原虫只有在昆虫体内或培养基上可发育生出鞭毛,于人体内呈无鞭毛之利什曼原虫型;虫体为圆或卵圆形,大小约为红血球的五分之一至七分之一,但也有较大者,我们曾见到过大到     

体外蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫滋养体的超微结构观察

目的：观察体外培养的蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫（Giardia.lamblia）滋养体的超微结构。方法：用改良TYI-S-33培养基培养蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫滋养体,以透射电镜观察该虫体的超微结构。结果：该虫体冠状面的特点是：呈倒置的梨形,颜面状;在质膜下可见单层排列的小囊泡;其胞质内密布游离核糖体颗粒;其内质网呈扁管状,散布在整个胞质内。该虫体的两个细胞核呈椭圆形,泡状,位于虫体前部的1/2处,核膜完整,核内各有1个细小的核仁。该虫体的鞭毛自基体发出,中体位于虫体的中后部,鞭毛、基体、中体均为高电子密度的管状微管结构。该虫体横切面的特点是：有两个泡状核,核膜完整,呈典型的多孔性双层单位膜结构,核内可见圆形核仁。该虫体的吸盘由一层短阵列微管构成;其鞭毛由电子密度高的周围微管和中央微管组成,在高倍放大的电镜下可见9对与鞭毛纵轴平行的周围微管和2根中央单管,中央单管有辐射丝伸向周围微管。该虫体的尾部腹侧质膜下、尾鞭毛轴丝周围的短肋样funis微管在鞭毛周围形成一层鞘膜样包裹。结论：蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫滋养体具备精密、复杂的超微结构。     

人五鞭毛滴虫超微结构的进一步观察

透射电镜观察人五鞭毛滴虫前部有一椭圆形的细胞核，其背侧可见一条肋及由副基体和两根副基纤维组成的副基器。核的前方有由鞭毛周管、Ｃ形盾和６个毛基体组成的毛基体复合体。由毛基体分别发出４根前鞭毛，１根独立前鞭毛和１根后鞭毛。轴柱位于核的腹侧，分头、干和尾三部分。轴头起自盾－轴连合，开始是匙形，围绕于核的腹侧，延伸至核后端时，卷曲成筒状为轴干，最后以轴尾伸出体外。波动膜乃虫体细胞膜和细胞质向虫体背侧延伸形成的一条波浪形膜结构，向后直达虫体末端。该膜的细胞质内有一电子密度增大的板层结构。后鞭毛伴行于波动膜左侧，至虫体末端离开波动膜，游离于体外。     

不同品系的小鼠对杜氏利什曼原虫感染的敏感性观察

本实验观察了8株近交小鼠及1株远交小鼠对杜氏利什曼原虫急性感染的敏感性。结果表明,615、C_(57)BL及SMMC/C×615三株小鼠在每鼠腹腔接种利杜体3×10~6、9×10~6及2×10~7后均可达到全部或接近全部感染成功,而且感染度也较高,接种量加大感染度亦加重,属于敏感株小鼠。其余6株小鼠则不易感染成功(SMMC/B、SMMC/C、ICR/JCI及昆明株)或仅有低度的感染(SMMC/A、SMMC/D),故属于不敏感株小鼠。鼠株对杜氏利什曼原虫的敏感性似与宿主的基因控制关系密切。     

细菌鞭毛染色法染色条件的探讨

目的探讨不同的染色条件对细菌鞭毛染色效果影响,寻找一套适合的染色方法。方法将37℃培养18~24 h的普通变形杆菌培养物,稀释成菌悬液制片、染色,比较不同的菌悬液浓度、处理时间、染色时间和染色方法对细菌鞭毛染色效果的影响。结果浓度为1.5×1012/L的菌悬液37℃放置10 min制片,用石炭酸复红法染色10~15 min,水洗,干燥镜检,其背景清晰,80%~90%的细菌有鞭毛,菌体红色,鞭毛淡红色,染色效果理想。结论细菌鞭毛染色过程中菌悬液的浓度、菌悬液的处理时间、制片方法以及染色时间的长短等条件影响鞭毛染色效果。     

杜氏利什曼McAb制备的初步研究

以杜氏利什曼前鞭毛期免疫BALB/C小鼠3次后,取其脾细胞与SP2/0骨髓瘤细胞融合。融合率为38/48,分泌抗杜氏利什曼“801”株(由新疆平原地区喀什的病人分离获得)的杂交瘤有5孔,阳性孔由于未能及时克隆化而丢失一部分,最终仅获得1株McAb (D_1-B_5-G_1)。经间接免疫荧光试验(IFA),这一株McAb腹水对杜氏利什曼“801”株前鞭毛期的     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.