孕妇产前心理状态与产后抑郁症相关因素的研究

目的 探讨孕妇产前心理状态，尤其是产前焦虑、抑郁与产后抑郁症的关系及影响因素，找出预防产后抑郁症的有效措施。方法 对260例初产妇进行孕期调查，采用医院焦虑抑郁(HAD)情绪测定量表进行评分，产后采用产后抑郁量表(EPDS)调查，回访资料完整225例，采用χ^2检验。结果 孕期焦虑、抑郁程度与产后抑郁症呈正相关，剖宫产及手术助产产后抑郁症发生率明显升高。结论 孕妇产前心理状态，分娩方式，产前、产后生物学及社会因素影响产后抑郁症的发生。     

产后抑郁影响因素分析及护理对策

目的了解产后抑郁症状的检出情况,探讨影响产后抑郁的因素并做好相应护理。方法选择2008年6-12月在彭泽县人民医院进行产前检查并计划在本院分娩的孕妇239例,分别在孕晚期、产后6周进行问卷调查,调查内容包括：艾森克个性问卷（EPQ）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）、焦虑自评量表（SAS）、家庭因素、孕产史、孕产期并发症、分娩方式（包括自产、剖宫产）及孕妇心理准备等。并根据调查结果将孕妇分为产后正常组（对照组）和产后抑郁组（观察组）,对2组各影响因素进行统计分析。结果产后抑郁症状检出率30.5%（73/239）。产后抑郁的影响因素包括：与公婆同住、不良孕产史、孕妇个性、孕期焦虑、孕前及产后家庭支持度和孕期心理准备得分,经分析,诸因素2组间比较均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论孕期心理状况是发生产后抑郁症的一个预测因子;家人对孕妇的关心和孕期心理准备充分是产后抑郁的保护因素;不良孕产史、个性不稳定、个性内向是产后抑郁的危险因素。在孕期进行产后抑郁易患人群的筛查和护理干预,可有效预防产后抑郁症的发生。     

围产期孕妇焦虑抑郁状况与生活质量的相关性研究

目的：探讨围产期孕妇焦虑抑郁状况与生活质量的相关性。方法对968名围产期孕妇于孕28周及产后1个月采用焦虑自评量表、爱丁堡产后抑郁量表、生活质量量表进行测评分析。结果孕28周及产后1个月孕妇生活质量量表的精神成分及躯体成分维度分与爱丁堡产后抑郁量表、焦虑自评量表评分呈负相关;爱丁堡产后抑郁量表评分与焦虑自评量表评分呈显著正相关（P＜0．01）。结论围产期孕妇焦虑情绪与抑郁情绪呈正相关,焦虑抑郁情绪与生活质量呈负相关。     

孕妇孕期抑郁水平及其影响因素的调查分析

目的调查本院孕妇孕期抑郁的发生率,分析影响孕期抑郁的因素。方法运用爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(edinburgh postpartum depression scale,EPDS)、社会支持评定量表(social supporting rating scale,SSRS)、人口统计学问卷分别调查本院产科门诊220例孕妇,分析孕妇的抑郁程度及其影响因素。结果抑郁发生率为10.00;怀孕准备充分程度、孕周、社会支持总分、社会支持中的客观支持与抑郁的发生有相关性(均P<0.05)。其中怀孕准备充分程度进入回归方程,是孕期抑郁的独立预测因素,可以解释抑郁分数的7.54。结论孕期抑郁发生率较高。怀孕准备越不充分、孕周越小、社会支持越少的孕妇越容易产生抑郁情绪。建议孕期抑郁筛查和干预应该针对所有孕妇尽早开展,帮助没有准备好怀孕的孕妇,为其提供更多的客观支持。     

孕期心理情绪与产后抑郁的相关性

目的:观察孕产妇产前不同孕期心理情绪与产后抑郁的临床表现,找出两者的相关性。方法:2001-05/2004-05在河南大学第一医院和开封妇产医院产科病房住院分娩的439例初产妇在孕早期(妊娠12周以内)、孕中期(妊娠12～18周)、孕晚期(妊娠18～35周)和产褥期(产后5～7周)分别接受了临床精神卫生症状自评量表(SCL-90)和爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS)测评,并按EPDS评分分为产后抑郁组(EPDS≥13分)和正常产妇组。结果:全部产妇中产后抑郁症患者70例,患病率为15.9%。产后抑郁组孕早期的躯体化(1.67±0.49)、人际关系(1.83±0.54)、抑郁(2.02±0.51)、焦虑(1.91±0.48)和精神病性(1.91±0.52)等症状因子评分明显高于正常产妇(t=2.064～3.435,P均<0.05)。产后抑郁患者孕中期仅有抑郁和焦虑症状因子评分明显高于正常产妇的测评结果(t=3.631,2.221,P均<0.01)。产后抑郁患者孕晚期的强迫、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖和精神病性等症状因子评分明显高于正常产妇(P<0.05～0.01)。结论:孕产妇孕早期和孕晚期心理情绪与产后抑郁症发病有密切联系。     

膝关节置换术后患者心理状态与社会支持的相关性

目的探讨膝关节置换术后患者心理状态与社会支持的关系。方法对58例膝关节置换术后1周内的患者采用社会支持评定量表（social support rating scale,SSRS）、焦虑自评量表（self-rating anxiety scale,SAS）和抑郁自评量表（self-rating depression scale,SDS）进行问卷调查。结果 32例患者SAS分值≥50分,34例患者SDS分值≥50分,患者的焦虑和抑郁得分高于常模（P〈0.01）;不同年龄和文化程度患者术后焦虑、抑郁状况的差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,社会支持与焦虑、抑郁状况呈负相关（P〈0.01）;多元逐步回归分析显示,患者心理状态的影响因素依次为年龄、文化程度、社会支持总分。结论有效的社会支持有助于减轻膝关节置换术后患者的焦虑、抑郁情绪,促进疾病的康复。     

产前综合性心理干预对围产期抑郁患者情绪及生活质量的影响

目的：探讨产前综合性心理干预对围产期抑郁患者情绪及生活质量的影响。方法将497例围产期抑郁患者按产检号随机分为两组,研究组251例,对照组246例。两组均接受常规孕期保健宣教,研究组在此基础上联合综合性心理干预,于孕28周、36周及产后1个月采用焦虑自评量表、爱丁堡产后抑郁量表、生活质量量表进行测评分析。结果孕28周两组各量表评分比较差异无显著性（ P＞0．05）。孕36周及产后1个月两组焦虑自评量表、爱丁堡产后抑郁量表总分均较孕28周显著降低（ P＜0．05或0．01）,研究组显著低于对照组（ P＜0．05或0．01）;研究组生活质量量表的精神成分及躯体成分维度分较孕28周显著升高（ P＜0．05或0．01）,对照组仅躯体成分维度分较孕28周显著升高（ P＜0．01）,研究组显著高于对照组（ P＜0．05或0．01）。结论综合性心理干预能显著改善围产期抑郁患者的焦虑抑郁情绪,提高患者的生活质量。     

女性尖锐湿疣患者焦虑、抑郁与社会支持的相关性研究

目的了解女性尖锐湿疣患者焦虑、抑郁与社会支持的现状及两者间的相关性,为制定更具人性化的整体护理措施提供依据。方法采用一般情况调查表、焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)、抑郁自评量表(self-rating depressionscale,SDS)和社会支持评定量表(social support rating scale,SSRS)对2011年1-9月在绍兴市7所医院门诊治疗的女性尖锐湿疣患者进行问卷调查。结果患者的SAS、SDS得分、SSRS总分及其3个维度的得分均低于国内常模(P<0.01)。文化程度、就业和婚姻状况等因素对患者的焦虑、抑郁和社会支持有显著影响(P<0.05);患者的焦虑、抑郁与社会支持呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。结论患者的焦虑和抑郁发生率较高,症状较为严重,社会支持状况不佳。医护人员应为患者提供适当的心理支持,改善患者的社会支持现状,从而提高其生活质量,帮助其早日恢复身心健康。     

孕期心理干预对产后抑郁的影响

目的：探讨产后抑郁有效的孕期心理干预方法。方法：采用爱丁堡产后抑郁量表（EPDS）对123例培训组与123例对照组的孕产妇,于孕28周、产后7 d进行对比分析。结果：EPDS 10-12分可疑有抑郁症状的孕产妇孕28周时点上两组比较差异无显著性（P〉0.05）,产后7 d时点上两组比较差异有显著性（P〈0.05）。结论：孕晚期对孕妇进行必要的心理干预,对预防产后抑郁有效。     

多发性骨髓瘤患者焦虑、抑郁状态与社会支持的相关性

目的探讨多发性骨髓瘤(multiple myeloma,MM)患者焦虑、抑郁状态与社会支持的相关性。方法采用焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)、抑郁自评量表(self-rating depressive scale,SDS)和社会支持评定量表(social support revalued scale,SSAS)对我院血液科2008年10月至2009年5月收治的96例MM患者进行调查。结果本组患者SAS评分为(49.48±8.99)分,SDS评分为(53.24±9.68)分,焦虑、抑郁状态与客观支持、主观支持、及对支持的利用度3个维度均呈负相关(P0.01)。结论多发性骨髓瘤患者焦虑、抑郁的发生与社会支持密切相关,临床护理工作者应关注多发性骨髓瘤患     

产后抑郁现状及其影响因素调查分析

目的 了解常德地区产妇产后抑郁的发生率,研究影响产妇发生产后抑郁的危险因素。 方法 采用便利抽样方法,从产妇的一般资料、产科特征、医院焦虑-抑郁自评量表、领悟社会支持量表、爱丁堡产后抑郁量表对232名产妇进行调查。 结果 ①本研究产后抑郁量表得分(13.56±3.98)分。②学历、家庭条件、居住条件、是否计划外妊娠、新生儿评分、喂养情况、产前焦虑和社会支持均是产后抑郁的影响因素。 结论 应针对易导致产后抑郁的危险因素给予产妇针对性护理,重视孕期心理卫生保健,给予产妇重要的社会支持。     

产妇产后需求、社会支持与产后焦虑的相关性研究

目的 了解产妇产后需求、社会支持及焦虑现状,分析产后焦虑的影响因素.方法 采用方便抽样法选取西安市某三甲医院342例顺产产妇为研究对象,采用一般资料问卷、产妇产后需求量表、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)进行调查,分析产后焦虑的影响因素及其与产妇产后需求、社会支持的相关性.结果 本研究中,产妇产后焦...     

连续性护理对肥胖孕妇孕期体质量增加及产后体质量的影响

目的探讨连续性护理对肥胖孕妇孕期体质量增加及产后体质量的影响。方法选取我院2017年6月至2018年12月72例初产妇为研究对象,按照随机分组原则将其等分为对照组和干预组,对照组接受常规护理,干预组则在对照组基础上接受连续性护理。比较两组孕妇孕期体质量增加值及产后3个月体质量情况。结果干预组孕期体质量增加值、产后3个月体质量均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论健康的生活方式可以改善肥胖孕妇孕期体质量增加及产后体质量,从而改善妊娠结局、减少并发症发生率。     

因胎儿异常引产孕妇产后抑郁的发生情况及其影响因素

目的描述因胎儿异常引产孕妇产后抑郁的发生状况并探讨其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2016年1-10月湖南省某医院产科收治的因胎儿异常选择引产手术的114例孕妇为研究对象。采用自行编制的一般情况问卷、爱丁堡产后抑郁量表、社会支持评定量表、易感性人格类型量表等,调查胎儿异常引产孕妇产后抑郁、社会支持以及易感性人格类型得分情况,并分析其主要影响因素。结果胎儿异常引产孕妇爱丁堡产后抑郁量表总分(10.61±3.771)分,产后抑郁检出率为42.98%;居住地、文化水平、孕周、体质指数、社会支持利用度、组织性、表达性等7个因子进入产后抑郁的多元回归方程,共同解释总变异的54.4%(F=20.235,P0.001)。结论胎儿异常引产孕妇产后抑郁的发生率处于较高水平,个体的居住地、文化水平、孕周、体质指数、社会支持利用度、组织性及表达性是其产后抑郁的影响因素。医护人员应根据不同影响因素给予此类孕妇以针对性的护理指导,预防及减少产后抑郁的发生。     

Depression and diet-related distress among Japanese women with gestational diabetes mellitus

Although the association between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and maternal postpartum depression has been reported, the association between these two factors during pregnancy has not been sufficiently examined. We compared pregnant women with and without GDM to clarify the association and examined factors related to depression in pregnant women with GDM. Questionnaires were administered longitudinally to pregnant Japanese women in the third trimester and at 2 and 4 weeks postpartum. One hundred and five and 108 pregnant women with and without GDM, respectively, were included in the study. Of the 105 women with GDM, 20 (19.0%) reported being depressed during pregnancy, which was significantly higher than that among those without GDM (9.3%). Binomial logistic regression analysis revealed that depression was significantly positively associated with diet-related distress and negatively associated with social support among women with GDM. Diet-related distress and social support are important factors in managing depression in pregnant women with GDM.     

Perinatal depressive symptoms among Thai women: A hospital‐based longitudinal study

The authors of this longitudinal study investigated risk factors for postpartum depressive symptoms and differences in depressive symptoms at late pregnancy and at 1 and 3 months postpartum. In Sakhonnakhon Province, in northeastern Thailand, 449 women were recruited during late pregnancy and followed at 1 and 3 months postpartum with the use of psychosocial factors. Depressive symptom scores were measured using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). The scores were compared using dependent‐samples t‐tests, and multiple linear regression analyses were used to identify risk factors for depressive symptoms at 1 and 3 months postpartum. EPDS scores decreased from late pregnancy to 1 month postpartum and remained on the same level until 3 months postpartum. Low psychological well‐being scores and low personal monthly income were risk factors for increased EPDS scores at 1 and 3 months postpartum. Pregnant women in Thailand who have a low income, have limited social support, and report low psychological well‐being are at increased risk for postpartum depression. Results of this study suggest they should be screened for depressive symptoms during pregnancy, referred for diagnosis, and provided treatment to reduce the risk of ongoing depressive symptoms during the postpartum period.     

Pharmacokinetics of amodiaquine and desethylamodiaquine in pregnant and postpartum women with Plasmodium vivax malaria

In order to study the pharmacokinetic properties of amodiaquine and desethylamodiaquine during pregnancy, 24 pregnant women in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy and with Plasmodium vivax malaria were treated with amodiaquine (10 mg/kg of body weight/day) for 3 days. The same women were studied again at 3 months postpartum. Plasma was analyzed for amodiaquine and desethylamodiaquine by use of a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method. Individual concentration-time data were evaluated using noncompartmental analysis. There were no clinically relevant differences in the pharmacokinetics of amodiaquine and desethylamodiaquine between pregnant (n = 24) and postpartum (n = 18) women. The results suggest that the current amodiaquine dosing regimen is adequate for the treatment of P. vivax infections during pregnancy.     

Antenatal depression

About 20 per cent of pregnant women experience antenatal depression (AD), which not only has deleterious effects on the woman and her baby but also increases the risk of developing postpartum depression. Nurses who understand the prevalence, signs and symptoms, and risk factors associated with AD can help to identify it and prevent the sequelae. The signs and symptoms of depression in pregnancy do not differ from depression at at any other time. However, AD may go undiagnosed because of a focus on maternal and fetal well-being and the attribution of complaints to the physical and hormonal changes associated with pregnancy. Risk factors include history of depression, lack of partner, marital difficulties, lack of social support, poverty, family violence, increased life stress, substance abuse, history of previous abortions, unplanned pregnancy, ambivalence toward the pregnancy and anxiety about the fetus. Most of the standard treatments for depression can be used in pregnant women, with the exception of some antidepressant medications. Supportive therapies--exercise, adequate nutrition, adequate sleep, and support from family and friends--are also indicated. Screening of women with known risk factors is crucial, but the authors suggest that the high overall prevalence of depressive symptoms during pregnancy indicates a need for universal screening.     

NICU患儿母亲的焦虑、抑郁及社会支持状况

目的探讨人住新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）患儿母亲的焦虑、抑郁及社会支持状况,为采取针对性的健康指导提供依据。方法以方便抽样的方法选取80名入住NICU患儿的母亲为观察组,54名分娩正常新生儿的母亲作为对照组,在产后的24h至1周内,分别进行焦虑自评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）及社会支持问卷的调查。结果观察组产妇的焦虑、抑郁及社会支持总分高于常模（P〈0．01或0．05）,焦虑得分高于对照组（P〈0．01）,主观支持得分低于对照组（P〈0．01）;不同年龄、文化程度和居住地的产妇焦虑程度不同。结论入住NICU患儿母亲的不良情绪中以焦虑较为突出,年龄、文化程度、居住地对其焦虑程度有重要影响,患儿母亲获得的主观支持不足。