腕关节融合钢板内固定术的临床观察

目的评价腕关节融合钢板内固定术的临床疗效。方法采用腕关节融合钢板内固定术治疗创伤性腕关节炎25例,其中21例术后得到20个月随访,针对腕关节疼痛程度、手指关节活动度、握力和X线检查对其疗效进行评定。结果腕部疼痛值为1.5,11例掌指关节和10例拇指关节出现轻微背伸功能障碍。X线片示腕关节全部融合。Buck-Gramcko/Lohmannn评价其总体功能评分值为8.7,其中优5例,良10例,中6例。DASH调查表评价值为32,结果表明腕关节融合术后部分日常活动受限。结论腕关节融合钢板内固定手术成功率高,关节疼痛明显减轻,术后会引起部分功能丧失。     

踝关节融合钢板内固定术的临床疗效

目的:评价踝关节融合钢板内固定术的临床疗效.方法:2005年7月至2010年8月,采用踝关节融合钢板内固定术治疗创伤性踝关节炎25例,其中21例在术后20月获得随访,随访检查包括踝关节疼痛程度、足趾关节活动度、跖趾屈力和X线检查.Buck-Gramcko/Lohmannn评分表评价踝关节总体功能,DASH调查表评价踝关节融合术对患者日常活动及生活质量的影响.结果踝部疼痛值为1.5,12例趾间关节和10例患足第一跖趾关节出现轻微背伸功能障碍,踝部跖趾屈力为30kg(健侧38kg).X线示踝关节全部融合.Buck-Gramcko/Lohmannn评分值为8.7,其中优5例、良10例及中6例.DASH值为32,参照DASH调查表,结果表明踝关节融合术后部分日常活动受限.结论:踝关节融合钢板内固定成功率高,踝关节疼痛明显减轻,但术后踝关节部分功能丧失.     

腕关节部分融合治疗退行性腕关节炎的疗效

目的评价头骨、月骨、三角骨及钩骨四关节融合治疗退行性腕关节炎的效果。方法1997年7月～2002年12月应用腕关节部分融合术创伤性腕关节炎治疗20例,术后随访15个月,随访检查包括术后腕关节疼痛程度、腕关节活动度、握力以及患侧X线检查。视觉模拟评分法评价疼痛程度。腕关节总体功能评价采用Krimmer腕关节评分表。结果腕疼痛值静息时为2.1,用力后为5.3;屈伸活动度为64°(对侧126°);尺桡偏为30°(对侧57°);平均握力为24kg(对侧40kg)。Krimmer腕关节评分值为67。X线检查头、月、三角及钩骨均融合。结论腕关节部分融合后能保存腕关节部分功能,是治疗退行性腕关节炎有效的方法。     

Sauvé-Kapandji手术治疗桡尺远侧关节脱位和关节炎

目的 评价Sauve-Kapandji手术治疗桡尺远侧关节脱位和关节炎的临床疗效.方法 采用Sauve-Kapandji手术治疗桡尺远侧关节脱位和关节炎12例.随访内容包括手术前后腕关节疼痛程度、腕关节活动度、握力以及术后患侧X线片情况.X线片检查观察桡尺远侧关节愈合及测量尺桡骨间距.Mayo腕关节评分法评价手术前、后腕关节功能恢复程度,DASH问卷调查表行手术前、后腕关节功能自我评价.结果 术后随访9～32个月,平均16个月.术前腕关节疼痛值在负重后为[(39.0±17.0),(x)±s,下同],术后疼痛值为(23.0±13.0).尺桡偏活动度术前为(26.0±11.0)°,术后为(41.0±12.0)°;旋前、旋后活动度术前为(84.0±21.0)°,术后为(139.0±33.0)°.握力术前为(12.8±3.6)kg,术后为(24.0±7.4)kg.Mayo评分结果术前为(43.0±13.0),术后为(73.0±16.0),优3例,良4例,中3例,差2例.DASH值术前为(57.0±14.0),术后为(31.0±10.0).X线片检查12例桡尺远侧关节及尺骨移植处全部愈合.结论 Sauve-Kapandji手术治疗桡尺远侧关节脱位和关节炎,疼痛明显减轻,旋转活动度和握力增加,功能明显改善.     

加压螺钉治疗舟骨骨折的临床疗效

目的　评价加压螺钉内固定治疗舟骨骨折的临床疗效。方法　对 46例 (4 7侧 )舟骨骨折采用切开复位加压螺钉内固定治疗的患者 ,术后进行随访。从术后疼痛程度、腕关节活动度、手部握力、影像学检查、Krimmer腕关节评分和DASH(DisabilityofArm Shoulder Hand)问卷调查表等进行随访和疗效评估。结果　术后腕关节疼痛程度静息时为 2 ,用力时为 13。腕关节屈伸活动度 12 4°(达健侧 92 % ) ,尺桡偏5 7°(达健侧 91% ) ,平均握力 47kg(达健侧 90 % )。X线片及CT检查 :6例螺钉穿透骨皮质 ,4例发生腕关节炎 ,1例舟骨骨折不愈合及 1例畸形愈合。Krimmer评分总体疗效 :优 3 9侧 ,良 5侧 ,满意 3侧。DASH值为8 3。DASH问卷调查表结果显示 ,术后腕关节功能良好 ,仅有轻微不适症状。结论　应用切开复位加压螺钉内固定治疗舟骨骨折手术操作简便、疗效可靠。     

腕关节部分融合术治疗月骨缺血性坏死

目的 评价腕关节部分融合术治疗月骨缺血性坏死的临床疗效.方法 对12例月骨缺血性坏死的患者,按Lichtman分期,Ⅱ期7例,Ⅲ期5例,诊断至手术时间为7～40个月,平均20个月.术前所有患者均有不同程度的腕部疼痛、无力感,腕背侧轻度肿胀、压痛,活动功能障碍和握力减弱等临床表现,X线片显示:月骨不同程度囊性变、密度增高或边缘硬化.采用腕关节部分融合+钢板内固定术,术后3个月拆除石膏后行功能锻炼.结果 术后随访时间为6～18个月,平均12个月.所有患者伤口均Ⅰ期愈合,1例腕背部切口瘢痕增生.术后腕部疼痛、无力症状较术前明显好转,半年后随访X线片显示月骨形态正常、坏死区消失6例,明显缩小3例,部分缩小3例;舟-月-头状骨间隙消失,见骨性融合,桡腕关节间隙正常.腕关节疼痛程度采用视觉模拟评分法(visual analog scale,VAS)评分、活动度、握力均较术前改善,腕关节功能按Krimmer评分:优5例,良5例,可2例,优良率达83.3％.结论 腕关节部分融合术治疗月骨缺血性坏死效果确切,保留腕关节大部分功能,是一种较好的治疗方法.     

大多角骨切除加桡侧腕屈肌悬吊治疗退行性第一腕掌关节炎

目的 评价大多角骨切除加桡侧腕屈肌悬吊治疗退行性第一腕掌关节炎的疗效.方法 采用大多角骨切除加桡侧腕屈肌悬吊术治疗退行性第一腕掌关节炎8例,按Krimmer腕关节评分法评价术后腕关节功能恢复,患者自我功能评价表(DASH问卷调查表)评价手术前后生活质量的改善状况.方果 术后随访8～26个月,平均15个月,包括手术前后腕掌关节疼痛程度、腕掌关节活动度、握力以及X线片检查.第一腕掌关节疼痛值术前为(5.6±2.2),术后为(1.6±1.0);拇指内收外展活动度术前为(32.0±10.0)°,术后为(58.0±13.0)°;拇指屈伸活动度术前为(20.0±11.0)°,术后为(43.0±13.0)°;握力术前为(16.5±3.9)ks,术后为(25.0±8.3)ks;捏力术前为(2.0±0.9)ks,术后为(3.2±1.3)ks.Krimmer评分值术前为(48.0±19.0)分,术后为(85.0±23.0)分;其中优5例,良2例,中1例.DASH值术前为(52.0±20.0)分,术后为(21.0±14.0)分,DASH调查表结果显示术后手部灵巧,动作恢复良好,但从事重体力劳动有部分功能受限.方论 大多角骨切除加桡侧腕屈肌腱悬吊可减轻疼痛、改善第一腕掌关节功能,是治疗退行性第一腕掌关节炎的有效手段,但从事重体力劳动时仍有部分功能受限.     

桡骨远端骨折切开复位内固定术后2、4周制动对腕关节功能和疼痛的影响

目的桡骨远端骨折切开复位内固定术后的最佳制动时间尚未确定, 本研究为明确桡骨远端骨折术后制动2及4周对腕关节功能及疼痛的影响。方法自2020年10月至2021年10月选择60例桡骨远端骨折患者, 采用掌侧钢板切开复位内固定术治疗, 设计双盲、随机对照试验, 将患者分为内固定术后制动2周组和4周组。外固定去除后进行为期6周的功能锻炼。主要疗效评价有PRWE评分评估腕关节功能, 视觉模拟量表(visual analogue scale, VAS)评价疼痛程度, 腕关节主动屈伸、尺偏、桡偏和前臂旋前、旋后活动范围, DASH评分, 握力, 恢复工作和日常活动时间。术后6、12、24周记录以上各项指标, 并记录两组不良事件发生率。结果所有患者均接受了随机分配治疗, 87%的参与者完成了6个月的随访。术后6周时, 制动2周组的PRWE评分、腕关节屈伸和前臂旋后活动范围均明显优于固定4周组(P<0.05)。术后12或24周时两组主要功能评价结果比较, 差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论桡骨远端骨折掌侧钢板内固定术后制动2周,...     

尺骨茎突骨折对桡骨远端骨折内固定术后腕关节功能的影响

目的探讨尺骨茎突骨折对桡骨远端骨折内固定术后腕关节功能的影响。方法回顾性分析2012年1月至12月行切开复位内固定的189例桡骨远端骨折患者资料,根据是否伴有尺骨茎突骨折分为不伴尺骨茎突骨折组(61例)和伴尺骨茎突骨折组(128例)。根据患者影像学资料及末次随访Gartland-Werley腕关节评分、臂肩手功能障碍(DASH)评分、腕关节活动度(背伸、掌屈、桡偏、尺偏)、握力和腕关节尺侧旋转疼痛发生率评定腕关节功能。结果所有患者随访30~46个月,平均38个月。两组桡骨远端骨折愈合时间、掌倾角、尺偏角和桡骨高度无统计学差异(P0.05),且末次随访时握力、腕关节主动活动度、Gartland-Werley腕关节评分和DASH评分无统计学差异(P0.05)。两组术后尺侧旋转疼痛发生率亦无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论尺骨茎突骨折不影响桡骨远端骨折内固定患者术后腕关节功能。     

桡骨远端骨折手术治疗后主观与客观评价方法间关系的研究简

目的探讨桡骨远端骨折后以医生客观检查为主的评价方法与以患者主观感受为主的评价方法之间的关系,并分析腕关节的功能主要受哪些因素的影响。方法回顾性分析桡骨远端骨折术后接受手术治疗且随访超过1年的患者205例,在术后2、4、6周及3、6、12个月,医生分别测量患者腕关节最大伸屈、旋前旋后、桡偏尺偏角度及握力,患者填写肩、前臂、手功能（disabilitiesoftheaim,should：andhand,DASH）调查问卷和疼痛评分。通过多元线性回归模型评估两种评价方法间的关系。结果经手术治疗后,患者腕关节在各个维度的活动范围、握力不断提高,术后1年伸屈角能达到（113．7±6．9）°,旋后能达到（81．2±3．8）°,握力能恢复至对侧的81．6％;DASH评分及疼痛评分不断降低,术后1年DASH和疼痛评分分别为（17．6±2．9）分,（16．1±2．5）分。经回归分析可知,疼痛评分、握力和旋后角度三个变量与DASH评分存在相关性,能解释DASH评分变异的61％,经模型重建后的相关系数分别为4．03,-0．19,-0．427。而其他因素与DASH评分的关系不明显。旋后功能对腕关节功能的发挥起着十分重要的作用。结论疼痛、握力和旋后是影响患者术后腕关节功能的重要因素,与患者的自我体验密切相关。     

Current status of wrist arthrodesis

AIM: In order to ascertain the value and future of wrist arthrodesis we assessed the results of 47 wrist arthrodeses performed at the Departments of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery of the University of Goettingen between 1980 and 1998. METHOD: In a retrospective analysis we examined the patients clinical and radiological records. Evaluating the results we used the score described by Lohmann and Buck-Gramcko in order to consider function, pain, strength and assessment of the patient him/herself. RESULTS: 93.6 % of all cases could be examined. We found a wrist arthrodesis in posttraumatic arthritis in 22 cases and in rheumatoid arthritis in 25 cases. Plate (n = 30) and Rush-Pin osteosynthesis (n = 17) were used as surgical procedures. In all patients we found a successfully stabilised wrist, although in 3 trauma cases a further surgical procedure was necessary. A better function of the wrist was reached in every patient. The majority of the patients had no pain and an acceptable strength. The results obtained showed good and excellent results in 86.4 % of the wrist arthrodesis for post-traumatic arthritis and in 90.9 % for rheumatoid arthritis. CONCLUSION: The increase in quality of life, especially in patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis, shows the procedure of wrist arthrodesis to be a still worthwile surgery.     

Wrist arthrodesis using a Synthes wrist fusion plate

Thirty-nine patients were retrospectively reviewed after a wrist arthrodesis using a Synthes wrist fusion plate and iliac crest bone graft. Information was obtained from review of patient files, a questionnaire to assess pain, function and work status, and clinical assessment of grip strength, forearm rotation and fingers motion. All wrist fusions united except that the index carpometacarpal joint failed to unite in one patient. Thirty-seven patients were satisfied with the procedure, noting a reduction in wrist pain after fusion, but all reported some limitation of function. The wrist fusion plate was removed in six patients and a further four patients experienced minor symptoms over the dorsal aspect of the middle finger metacarpal.     

The influence of wrist position on individual finger forces during forceful grip

Nine healthy subjects sustained maximum grip of an instrumented handle while voluntarily moving the wrist joint within their available range of motion of the wrist in a continuous and random manner. Individual finger forces and wrist angular positions in flexion/extension and radial/ulnar deviation were recorded simultaneously. Wrist position had a significant effect on individual finger force and total force production. Peak finger forces were produced at 20 degrees of wrist extension and 5 degrees of ulnar deviation. At this position, a mean total grip force of 114.9 (+/-12.8) N was produced with force-sharing percentages of 32.2% (+/-3.8%), 32.6% (+/-4.3%), 23.5% (+/-4.5%), and 11.7% (+/-4.9%) among the index, middle, ring, and small finger, respectively. As the wrist was moved farther away from this position, the forces produced by individual fingers decreased incrementally; however, the decreases in individual finger forces were not proportional, leading to a dependence of finger force-sharing patterns on wrist position.     

Long-term results of silicone wrist arthroplasty in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

PURPOSE: The surgical treatment of the rheumatoid wrist is key in managing the affected hand. Wrist fusion is often the treatment of choice in cases of severe destruction and deformation although most patients would prefer a motion-preserving procedure. The implantation of a wrist prosthesis might be an alternative to partial arthrodesis for selected cases. In this series we analyzed the long-term results (minimum follow-up period, 10 y) of the Swanson silicone spacer for the wrist in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. METHODS: Sixteen patients with rheumatoid arthritis with 18 silicone spacers for the wrists were reviewed after a minimum follow-up period of 10 years (average, 15 y). Subjective evaluation, clinical examination, and radiographic analysis were included. An additional 9 patients (9 wrists) were interviewed by telephone. RESULTS: In 12 of the patients the subjective result was good or very good, mostly because of adequate pain relief. The average range of motion for flexion (average, 28 degrees )/extension (average, 15 degrees ) was 43 degrees with a wide variation within the series. Radiologically all wrists had diminished residual carpal height at follow-up evaluation and 9 of the wrists had evidence of osteolysis and foreign-body granuloma. The initial good correction of the ulnar translation of the wrist was lost partially in the follow-up period (1.1 vs 4.0 mm). Three of the patients needed surgical revision within the follow-up period; all were converted to wrist fusion. CONCLUSIONS: These long-term results suggest that the silicone wrist spacer still may be considered as an alternative to wrist fusion or more complex wrist joint prostheses in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, especially in severe cases and in patients with low demands. In the long term osteolysis caused by foreign-body granulation is to be expected and has to be considered.     

Dorsal capsulodesis for scapholunate instability--effect on patient disability and wrist pain

Twenty cases of scapho-lunate instability have been reviewed, to determine the effect of dorsal capsulodesis on disability and wrist pain. The average follow-up was 41 (range 13-63) months. There was a significant improvement in the pre-operative Patient Rated Wrist Evaluation score from 108 (range 18-150) to a postoperative score of 60 (range 0-132). All wrist movements and grip strength were reduced postoperatively but only the reductions in flexion and radial deviation were statistically significant. Seventeen (85%) patients were satisfied with the operation. One patient remained unemployed after surgery. Five patients returned to their normal jobs. This study shows that dorsal capsulodesis should remain an important option in the treatment of scapholunate instability.     

Wrist arthrodesis with the AO titanium wrist fusion plate: a consecutive series of 42 cases

In a 4 year period (1996-1999), 42 total wrist fusions in 25 men and 17 women were performed using the AO/ASIF Titanium wrist fusion plate. The median age of the patients at the time of surgery was 41 (range, 19-72) years. The indication for fusion was post-traumatic arthritis in 29 wrists, Kienb?ck's disease in eight, rheumatoid arthritis in three, mono-arthritis in one and Volkmann's contracture in one. All patients were reviewed at a median follow-up of 23 (range, 6-50) months. The Buck-Gramcko and Lohmann score for functional evaluation was excellent in 35, good in 5 and satisfactory in 2 patients. We conclude that wrist arthrodesis with the AO/ASIF Titanium wrist fusion plate is an excellent option for treatment of various painful disorders of the wrist.     

Universal total wrist implant: Experience with a carpal component fixed with three screws

The Universal Wrist Implant was used to treat 31 patients (37 wrists), who had symptoms indicating pancarpal arthritis of the wrist, diagnosed as total wrist arthroplasty. Their mean age was 58.1 years. Follow-up ranged from 48 to 120 months with a mean of 79.4 months (6.7 years). The carpal component of the Universal Total Wrist is fixed to the carpus by titanium screws. Unlike other total wrist prostheses, the primary fixation of the carpal component is in the capitate and not in the third metacarpal. Intercarpal fusion provides a solid bony support for the carpal plate and results in improved longevity. Articular surface of the radial component is inclined 20°, similar to the articular surface of the radius. Components can be inserted with or without cement. In three patients, the prosthesis had to be removed due to infection and persistent dislocation. Of the remaining 34 wrists, 30 (88%) achieved excellent pain relief. Complications occurred in 12 cases (32%). Of these 12 complications 9 (75%) resolved with appropriate treatment. The most common complication with this nonconstrained prosthesis was dislocation. The Universal Total Wrist Implant provides a predictable option to preserve motion and relieve pain when managing wrist joint arthritis.     

腕关节神经支配的解剖学研究

目的观察支配腕关节神经的来源、直径、数目及其行径;为去神经支配治疗腕关节疼痛提供解剖学资料。方法对10具20侧福马林固定的上肢标本,在手术显微镜下解剖并观察骨间后神经、前臂外侧皮神经、桡神经浅支、尺神经腕背支支配腕关节背侧的腕关节支;骨间前神经、正中神经掌皮支、尺神经深支及其主干支配腕关节掌侧的关节支。结果骨间后神经是支配腕关节背侧神经的主要来源;前臂外侧皮神经、桡神经浅支、尺神经腕背支也发支支配腕关节背侧。骨间前神经、正中神经掌皮支、尺神经深支发支参与支配腕关节的掌侧。结论用去神经支配的方法治疗腕关节顽固性疼痛主要适用于腕背侧的疼痛。