临床 SYNTAX 积分和 SYNTAX 积分预测复杂冠状动脉性心脏病 患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗预后的对比研究

目的比较临床SYNTAX积分和SYNTAX积分对冠状动脉性心脏病(简称冠心病)3支病变和/或左主干病变患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)预后的预测作用。方法回顾性分析2007年1月至2008年12月北京安贞医院经造影证实3支病变和/或左主干病变并接受PCI治疗的患者。对每例患者进行SYNTAX积分和临床SYNTAX积分,通过门诊或电话随访患者主要不良心脑血管事件(MACCE),包括全因死亡、非致命性心肌梗死、再次血运重建、中风等。结果符合入选条件的患者总计190例,其中29例观察到MACCE,MACCE发生率18.5%。多因素分析结果显示,临床SYNTAX积分和SYNTAX积分均为MACCE的独立预测因子[临床SYNTAX积分,风险比(HR):2.07,95%可信区间(CI):1.25～3.44,P=0.005;SYNTAX积分,HR:1.86,95%CI:1.14～3.06,P=0.014]。受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析显示,SYNTAX积分曲线下面积(AUC)=0.667(95%CI:0.564～0.770,P=0.004),临床SYNTAX积分AUC=0.636(95%CI:0.519～0.753,P=0.020),两者均对MACCE有预测价值,加入了年龄肌酐射血分数(ACEF)积分的临床SYNTAX积分未能提高SYNTAX积分对MACCE的预测能力。结论临床SYNTAX积分和SYN-TAX积分均是预测复杂冠心病患者PCI预后的较理想工具,且临床SYNTAX积分并不优于SYNTAX积分。     

Effect of metabolic syndrome on prognosis and clinical characteristics of revascularization in patients with coronary artery disease

Background People with metabolic syndrome are at higher risk for developing coronary artery disease (CAD). The effect of the metabolic syndrome on outcomes in patients with preexisting CAD has not been well studied. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence, characteristics, in hospital and long term prognosis of CAD with metabolic syndrome and to determine the factors influencing the prognosis of the disease. Methods The DESIRE registry contains data of 3696 patients with CAD between 2001 and 2004. Mean long term followup was (829±373) days. Diagnosis of metabolic syndrome was based on modified International Diabetes Federation (IDF) Worldwide Definition of the Metabolic Syndrome，using body mass index (BMI) instead of waist circumference. Results Of 2596 patients with complete records of height, weight, and so on, 1280 (49.3%) were identified with metabolic syndrome. The patients with metabolic syndrome had higher level of body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting glucose and disordered blood lipid (all P<0.0001), with higher creatinine [(10.5±4.3) mg/L vs (9.9±2.9) mg/L, P<0.0001] and the number of white blood cells [(7.49±2.86)×10(9)/L vs (7.19±2.62) ×10(9)/L, P=0.008) compared with those without metabolic syndrome. The patients with metabolic syndrome showed severer coronary angiographic alterations (left main artery and/or ≥2-vessel) (73.6% vs 69.6%, P=0.031). There were no significant differences of major adverse cardiac and cerebral events (MACCE) or mortality in hospital between the two groups. During followup, the ratio of MACCE in CAD with metabolic syndrome patients increased significantly (11.8% vs 10.0%, P=0.044). Fasting blood glucose (≥1000 mg/L) and triglyceride (TG, ≥1500 mg/L) were responsible for most of the increased risk associated with the metabolic syndrome (adjusted OR 1.465, 95% CI 1.037－1.874, P=0.032; OR 1.378, 95% CI 1.014－1.768, P=0.044). Conclusions The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was very high in CAD patients. The metabolic syndrome confers a higher risk of long term MACCE in patients with CAD, and dysglycaemia and hypertriglycaemia appear to be responsible for most of the associated risk.     

Association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and coronary artery disease severity

Background  Both non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and coronary artery disease (CAD) are closely associated with many metabolic disorders. Invasive coronary angiography (CAG) is a common approach as an intervention for CAD. However, the association between angiographic severity of coronary artery and NAFLD remains controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between NAFLD and CAD.

Methods  Totally 542 consecutive patients who planned to undergo CAG due to a suspected CAD were enrolled. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) was performed before angiography to detect NAFLD. CAD was defined as stenosis of at least 50% in at least one major coronary artery. The severity of CAD was assessed by the number of vessels affected and the vessel score multiplied by the severity score (Gensini score). Significant stenosis was defined as 70% or greater reduction in lumen diameter. A probability value of P <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results  Of 542 patients studied, 248 (45.8%) were found to have NAFLD by abdominal CT, and 382 patients (88%) were found to have significant CAD by CAG. Age, diabetes mellitus, waist circumference, body mass index, and obesity were associated with NAFLD. According to the results of Logistic regression analysis, the presence of NAFLD independently increased the risk for CAD, as seen in CAG (odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (CI): 7.585 (4.617–12.461); P <0.001). NAFLD was significantly more common in patients as CAD severity increased (P <0.001).

Conclusions  The presence of NAFLD is associated with high severity of CAD, requiring that patients with abdominal obesity be also investigated for NAFLD. Patients with NAFLD should be closely followed up for the presence and severity of CAD.

     

Coronary stenting versus bypass surgery in heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction

Background  The optimal revascularization strategy in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFPEF) remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in patients with HFPEF.

Methods  From July 2003 through September 2005, a total of 920 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and HFPEF (ejection fraction ≥50%) underwent PCI (n=350) or CABG (n=570). We compared the groups with respect to the primary outcome of mortality, and the secondary outcomes of main adverse cardiac and cerebral vascular events (MACCE), including death, myocardial infarction, stroke and repeat revascularization, at a median follow-up of 543 days.

Results  In-hospital mortality was significantly lower in the PCI group than in the CABG group (0.3% vs. 2.5%, adjusted P=0.016). During follow-up, there was no significant difference in the two groups with regard to mortality rates (2.3% vs. 3.5%, adjusted P=0.423). Patients receiving PCI had higher MACCE rates as compared with patients receiving CABG (13.4% vs. 4.0%, adjusted P <0.001), mainly due to higher rate of repeat revascularization (adjusted P <0.001). Independent predictors of mortality were age, New York Heart Association (NYHA) class and chronic total occlusion.

Conclusion  Among patients with CAD and HFPEF, PCI was shown to be as good as CABG with respect to the mortality rate, although there was a higher rate of repeat revascularization in patients undergoing PCI.

     

冠心病患者血管重建后吸烟状态对临床预后的影响

目的 探讨冠心病患者血管重建后吸烟状态对其长期临床预后的影响.方法 将893例冠心病患者根据血管重建术前及术后的吸烟状态分为3组:不吸烟组(n=458)、戒烟组(n=287)及吸烟组(n=148),详细记录随访时主要不良心脑血管事件(MACCE)的发生情况.Kaplan-Meier生存分析描述术后累计生存率,并比较吸烟状态对全因性死亡及MACCE的影响,Cox多元逐步回归分析全因性死亡及MACCE的影响因素.结果 平均随访时间约为27个月,术后吸烟率较术前吸烟率明显降低(16.57％ vs.48.71％),且吸烟组患者较年轻(P＜0.0l);不吸烟组患者多为女性(P＜0.01),体质量指数(BMI)较小(P＜0.01).吸烟组全因性死亡(1.53％ vs.1.05％ vs.6.76％,P=0.002)和MACCE(4.37％ vs.5.23％ vs.15.54％,P=0.001)的发生率较高,Cox多元逐步回归分析显示,术后持续吸烟是导致全因性死亡[HR=2.753,95％CI(1.695～4.473),P＜0.01]和MACCE[HR=1.552,95％CI(1.049～1.754),P=0.001]发生的重要危险因素.结论 冠心病患者血管重建后持续吸烟是导致术后发生全因性死亡和MACCE的独立危险因素.     

Major risk-stratification models fail to predict outcomes in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease undergoing simultaneous hybrid procedure

Background  The hybrid procedure for coronary heart disease combines minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and is an alternative to revascularization treatment. We sought to assess the predictive value of four risk-stratification models for risk assessment of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) in patients with multivessel disease undergoing hybrid coronary revascularization.

Methods  The data of 120 patients were retrospectively collected and the SYNTAX score, EuroSCORE, SinoSCORE and the Global Risk Classification (GRC) calculated for each patient. The outcomes of interest were 2.7-year incidences of MACCE, including death, myocardial infarction, stroke, and any-vessel revascularization.

Results  During a mean of 2.7-year follow-up, actuarial survival was 99.17%, and no myocardial infarctions occurred. The discriminatory power (area under curve (AUC)) of the SYNTAX score, EuroSCORE, SinoSCORE and GRC for 2.7-year MACCE was 0.60 (95% confidence interval 0.42–0.77), 0.65 (0.47–0.82), 0.57 (0.39–0.75) and 0.65 (0.46–0.83), respectively. The calibration characteristics of the SYNTAX score, EuroSCORE, SinoSCORE and GRC were 3.92 (P=0.86), 5.39 (P=0.37), 13.81 (P=0.32) and 0.02 (P=0.89), respectively.

Conclusions  In patients with multivessel disease undergoing a hybrid procedure, the SYNTAX score, EuroSCORE, SinoSCORE and GRC were inaccurate in predicting MACCE. Modifying risk-stratification models to improve the predictive value for a hybrid procedure is needed.

     

Combination of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and homocysteine may predict an increased risk of coronary artery disease in Korean population

Background  The association of emerging biomarkers such as high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), homocysteine and fibrinogen with the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) is still uncertain in Asian population including Koreans and little is known about the combined effect of biomarkers on the risk of CAD.

Methods  A total of 10 650 subjects (6538 men and 4112 women) were enrolled in this study. A 10-year CAD risk was calculated using Framingham risk score modified by the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) and levels of circulating hs-CRP, homocysteine and fibrinogen were measured using validated assays.

Results  The 10-year CAD risk gradually augmented with increase in the circulating levels of hs-CRP, homocysteine and fibrinogen. For the highest quartile of hs-CRP, odds ratio (OR) of high-risk for CAD (10-year risk ≥20%) compared with the lowest quartile was 3.97 (95% CI: 2.51–6.29). For homocysteine and fibrinogen, ORs in the highest quartile compared to the lowest quartile were 5.10 (95% CI: 3.05–8.53, P <0.001) and 1.46 (95% CI: 0.69–3.11, P=0.325), respectively. OR of high-risk for CAD in both the highest quartile of hs-CRP and homocysteine was 9.05 (95% CI: 5.30–15.45) compared with the below median of hs-CRP and homocysteine.

Conclusions  The present study demonstrated that hs-CRP and homocysteine are well associated with the 10-year CAD risk estimated using NCEP ATP III in Koreans and combination of hs-CRP and homocysteine can have strong synergy in predicting the development of CAD.

     

SYNTAX积分与急性心肌梗死急诊介入治疗后心血管事件的关系

Objective:To investigate the predictive effect of SYNTAX score for in-hospital and one-year prognosis outcome in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods:A total of 312 patients with STEMI undergoing primary PCI were divided into three groups based on SYNTAX scores which were calculated by angiography results. Group A (n＝170) was defined as baseline SYNTAX score (bSSC) ＜22, group B bSSC＝22-32 (n＝90), group C bSSC＞32 (n＝52).Results:(1) Group B and group C had a higher proportion of patients with diabetes, a higher CK-MB, UA, fasting glucose compared with group A (P＜0.05). (2) The proportions of patients with severe adverse cardiovascular events in-hospital in three groups were 6.6% (n＝11), 31.1% (n＝28), 36.5% (n＝19) respectively (P＜0.05). (3) For patients whose follow-up periods were between (14.2±0.8) months, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed log-rank （P＜0.001 ) was found among major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), all-cause death, non-fatal MI, unplanned revascularization for ischemia, rehospitalization due to heart failure. (4) By multivariable analysis, bSSC and rSSC were found to be significant independent predictor for all ischemic outcomes at year 1, including MACE (HR＝1.059, 95% CI: 1.035-1.083, P＜0.001; HR＝1.056, 95% CI: 1.033-1.081, P＜0.001). Conclusion:The SYNTAX score is an independent predictor for in-hospital as well as long-term mortality and MACE in patients with acute STEMI undergoing primary PCI.     

经皮冠脉介入治疗老年冠心病患者的预后及其影响因素

［摘要］目的: 分析老年(≥65岁)冠心病患者接受经皮冠脉介入治疗(PCI)术后影响其预后的因素。方法: 入选3 473例接受PCI术的冠心病患者,根据年龄分为老年组(≥65岁, n=2 005)和非老年组 (＜65岁, n=1 468),对患者进行随访,随访时间中位数为577 d,比较并分析两组患者预后的差异及其影响因素。结果： PCI术后老年组总死亡率(3.6%)及主要心脑血管不良事件（MACCE）发生率(12.3%)均明显高于非老年组（分别为1.5%和3.3%,P均<0.001)。相较于非老年组,老年组患者高血压、糖尿病、脑血管病及陈旧性心肌梗死患病率和完全血运重建率明显增加。冠脉病变更严重,ST段抬高型心肌梗死、3支病变、左主干病变及慢性闭塞性病变发生率高,而内生肌酐清除率则明显低于非老年组。Cox多因素回归分析显示,糖尿病(HR=1.857,95% CI：1.121~3.142,P=0.012),陈旧性心肌梗死史(HR=2.211,95% CI:1.113~4.112, P=0.015),3支血管病变(HR=1.751,95% CI:1.135~2.653, P=0.006)及老年(HR=4.585,95% CI:2.013~9.201, P<0.001)是总死亡率增加的独立危险因素;而左主干病变(HR=1.976,95%CI:1.173~2.874,P<0.001) ,内生肌酐清除率(HR=1.975,95%CI:1.101~3.215,P<0.001 )及3支血管病变(HR=1.573,95%CI:1.263~1.886,P<0.001)是MACCE发生率增加的独立危险因素。 结论： 糖尿病、3支血管病变、老年是老年冠心病患者PCI全因死亡率增加的独立危险因素,而左主干病变、内生肌酐清除率、3支血管病变是MACCE发生率增加的独立危险因素。     

Comparison of drug eluting stent implantation with coronary artery bypass surgery in the treatment of patients with chronic total occlusion and multiple vessel disease

Background  In patients with chronic total occlusion (CTO) and multivessel coronary artery disease, the comparison of surgical and the percutaneous revascularization strategies has rarely been conducted. The aim of this study was to compare long term clinical outcomes of drug eluting stent (DES) implantation with coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) in the patients with CTO and multivessel disease.

Methods  From a prospective registry of 6000 patients in our institution, we included patients with CTO and multivessel coronary artery disease who underwent either CABG (n=679) or DES (n=267) treatment. Their propensity risk score was used for adjusting baseline differences.

Results  At a median follow-up of three years, propensity score adjusted Cox regression analysis showed that the rate of major adverse cardiac cerebrovascular events (MACCE) was lower in CABG group (12.7% vs. 24.3%, hazard ratio (HR) 1.969, 95% CI 1.219–3.179, P=0.006) mainly due to lower rate of target vessel revascularization in CABG group than in DES group (3.1% vs. 17.2%, HR 16.14, 95% CI 5.739–45.391, P <0.001). The incidence of cardiac death or myocardial infarction (composite end point) was not significantly different between these two groups. On multivariate analysis, the significant predictors of MACCE were only the type of revascularization. Age, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and complete revascularization were identified as significant predictors of composite end points.

Conclusions  Our study shows that in patients with CTO and multivessel coronary disease, DES can offer comparable long term outcomes in cardiac death and myocardial infraction free survival in comparison with CABG. However, there is an increased rate of MACCE which results from more repeat revascularizations. Obtaining a complete revascularization is crucial for decreasing adverse cardiac events.

     

心肌灌注显像半定量分析对不同缺血程度老年冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病的诊断价值

目的 探讨核素心肌灌注显像(myocardial perfusion imaging, MPI)半定量分析不同缺血程度对老年冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(coronary artery disease, CAD,以下简称冠心病)的诊断价值。方法 以2017年8月至2020年6月于民航总医院行两日法静息-负荷心肌灌注显像的99例患者为研究对象,所有患者均于6个月内行冠状动脉造影(coronary angiography, CAG),根据CAG结果分为冠心病组52例(病例组)和非冠心病组47例(对照组)。收集患者的一般临床资料、MPI静息总评分(summed rest score, SRS)、负荷总评分(summed stress score, SSS)、静息-负荷差值评分(summed difference score, SDS)及CAG结果进行分析。组间均数比较采用t检验,率比较采用χ²检验,多因素分析采用多因素Logistic回归分析。结果 99例患者平均年龄为(67.24±5.18)岁,其中男性53例,女性46例。SSS及SDS均为冠心病的独立危险因素,OR值分别为(7.425, 95%CI: 2.873~19.192, P＜0.001) 及(8.020, 95%CI: 2.980~21.984, P＜0.001)。心肌血流灌注异常(SSS＞3)诊断CAD的一致性,优于心肌血流灌注异常与心肌不同缺血情况的联合实验。结论 MPI半定量分析SSS及SDS是老年冠心病的独立危险因素,但SSS联合SDS不同缺血情况不能提高老年冠心病的诊断效能。     

Comparison of glycemic variability and glycated hemoglobin as risk factors of coronary artery disease in patients with undiagnosed diabetes

Background  The role of chronic hyperglycaemia as a coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factor is well-known, and the glycemic variability is still a matter of debate. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of admission glycemic excursion and hemoglobin A_1c (HbA_1c) with the presence and severity of CAD in patients with undiagnosed diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods  We studied 286 newly diagnosed DM patients without prior revascularization undergoing coronary angiography for suspected ischaemic chest pain. Patients were grouped into those with CAD and without CAD according to angiographic results. The severity of CAD was assessed using the Gensini score. Glycemic variability, indicated as the mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE), was determined by a continuous glucose monitoring system. Serum levels of HbA_1c and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) as well as plasma concentrations of fasting glucose, lipids and creatinine were measured in all patients. Predictors of CAD were determined using multivariate Logistic regression model and receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves.

Results  The newly diagnosed DM patients with CAD were older, and more were male and current cigarette smokers compared with the patients without CAD. The CAD group had significantly higher levels of MAGE and HbA_1c. Individuals with high levels of HbA_1c (≥7%) or MAGE (≥3.4 mmol/L) had also significantly higher CAD prevalence. Logistic regression analysis revealed that high MAGE level and high HbA_1c level were independent predictors for CAD. The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve for MAGE (0.606, P=0.005) was superior to that for HbA_1c (0.582, P=0.028). Gensini score closely correlated with age, MAGE, HbA_1c, hs-CRP, creatinine and total cholesterol. Multivariate analysis indicated that age (P <0.001), MAGE (P <0.001), HbA_1c (P=0.022) and hs-CRP (P=0.005) were independent determinants for Gensini score.

Conclusions  Both admission glycemic excursion and chronic hyperglycaemia are associated with the severity of CAD in newly diagnosed DM patients. MAGE displays a significant value in predicting CAD in patients with undiagnosed diabetes even more than HbA_1c.

     

Association of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio with long-term mortality after ST elevation myocardial infarction treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention

Background Primary percutaneous coronary interventions （PCI） have been proposed as a novel superior management strategy in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction （STEMI）. This study tested the hypothesis that in the acute phase of myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation, the neutrophil/lymphocyte （N/L） ratio is a predictor of long-term prognosis.Methods We analyzed 551 consecutive STEMI patients treated with primary PCl at a single university center. Patients were stratified according to quartiles of the mean neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio.Results Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed a cumulative eight-year survival of 94.2% in the first quartile, 92.0% in the second quartile, 91.3% in the third quartile, and 75.4% in the fourth quartile （P ＜0.001 by log rank）. Relative to patients in the other three lower N/L ratio quartiles, patients in the highest quartile were more than four times more likely to die during hospitalization （P ＜0.001） and during long-term follow-up （P ＜0.001）. By multivariate Cox regression analysis including baseline demographic, clinical, and angiographic covariables, the N/L ratio in the highest quartile remained an independent predictor of mortality （hazard ratio 2.38, 95% confidence interval （CI） 1.42 to 3.98; P=0.001）.Conclusion The neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio is a strong independent predictor of long-term mortality after ST elevation myocardial infarction treated with very early revascularization.     

左心室收缩功能对无保护左主干经皮介入治疗结果的影响

目的 评价左心室收缩功能对无保护左主干(ULM)经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)预后的影响。方法 2006年9月至2009年8月在北京安贞医院因ULM接受PCI的患者入选本研究,收集患者的临床资料和随访结果。根据患者的左心室射血分数(LVEF)分为LVEF≥40％组和LVEF＜40％组,比较两组间的基线资料和随访资料。应用多因素回归分析法观察LVEF＜ 40％对ULM介入治疗结果的预测价值。结果 总计入选符合条件的患者186例,其中LVEF≥40％组130例和LVEF＜40％组56例。LVEF ＜40％组糖尿病、既往心肌梗死病史、既往PCI、冠状动脉搭桥术(CABG)病史、入院诊断为非ST段抬高心肌梗死(NSTEMI)比率明显高于LVEF≥40％组(P＜0.05)。LVEF＜ 40％组主要心脑血管不良事件(MACCE)发生率明显高于LVEF≥40％组(33. 9％比18.5％,P=0. 022),LVEF ＜40％组心源性病死率、全因死亡率、MI发生率也明显高于LVEF≥40％组（分别为7.1％比1.5％,P =0. 047;10.7％比3.1％,P=0.034;14. 3％比4.6％,P=0. 022）。女性、糖尿病、既往PCI、CABG、入院为NSTEMI/STEMI、LVEF ＜40％、合并多支血管病变、远端或分叉病变、多支架置入均为MACCE的独立预测因素。结论 左心室收缩功能明显下降是ULM介入治疗预后不良的最强预测因素。     

Prognostic value of baseline C-reactive protein levels in patients undergoing coronary revascularization

Background  C-reactive protein (CRP) is a lowly expressed marker for inflammatory response. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of baseline CRP levels in patients undergoing coronary revascularization in the context of modern medical treatment.
Methods  This was a retrospective study in a single center. Four hundred and fourteen patients were enrolled, who underwent coronary revascularization and received adequate medication for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease. The study compared the follow-up clinical outcomes between high level CRP group (CRP >5 mg/L) and low level one. The median follow-up time was 551 days.
Results  Compared with low CRP group, the relative risk (RR) of the major adverse cardiovascular and cerebral events (MACCE) in high CRP group was 5.131 (95% CI: 1.864–14.123, P=0.002). There were no significant differences in death, myocardial infarction and stroke during the follow-up between two groups, but a higher risk of re-revascularization was found in high CRP group (RR 6.008, 95% CI: 1.667–21.665, P=0.006). Cox regression analysis showed that only CRP level could contribute to MACCE during the follow-up. MACCE-free rate was much lower in high CRP group (Kaplan-Meier log-rank P <0.001).
Conclusion  In the context of modern medical treatment, the baseline level of CRP is an independent predictor for long-term prognosis in patients with coronary revascularization.

     

不同分层标准SYNTAX积分对经皮冠状动脉介入治疗复杂冠心病患者的预测价值

目的比较不同分层标准SYNTAX积分对经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)复杂冠心病患者临床预后的预测价值。方法选择2007年1月—2008年12月共190例三支病变和(或)左主干病变的冠心病患者根据其造影结果计算SYNTAX积分,分别按照本研究人群SYNTAX积分总体分布三分位数值划分及SYNTAX研究人群三分位数值划分的不同分数段SYNTAX积分研究患者的主要不良心脑血管事件(包括死亡、非致命性心肌梗死、再次血运重建、脑血管事件)发生率,比较两者对主要不良心脑血管事件的预测作用。结果 (1)按照本研究人群SYNTAX积分总体分布三分位数值划分低分组(0～20.5)、中分组(21.0～31.0)及高分组(≥31.5)的主要不良心脑血管事件发生率分别为9.1%、16.2%及30.9%,SYNTAX积分能预测MACCE发生率(log rank P=0.006),多因素Cox比例风险回归分析结果显示,SYNTAX积分仍可预测MACCE发生率〔HR=2.07,95%CI(1.25,3.44),P=0.005〕;ROC曲线下面积=0.667〔95%CI(0.564,0.770),P=0.004〕。(2)按照SYNTAX研究人群三分位数值划分低分组(0～22)、中分组(23～32)及高分组(≥33)的主要不良心脑血管事件率分别为15.7%、12.9%及28.6%,此划分法不能预测MACCE的发生率(log rank P=0.09),多因素Cox比例风险回归分析结果显示,根据SYNTAX研究的分数段划分方法不能预测本人群MACCE发生率〔HR=1.47,95%CI(0.94,2.32),P=0.10〕;ROC曲线下面积=0.593〔95%CI(0.475,0.710),P=0.11〕。结论对于本研究190例三支病变和(或)左主干病变经PCI治疗的患者,根据本研究SYNTAX积分总体分布三分位数值的划分法(0～20.5,21.0～31.0,≥31.5)对MACCE有预测作用,而SYNTAX研究中的三分位数值划分法(0～22,23～32,≥33)对MACCE无预测作用。     

冠心病患者脂蛋白α的分布特征及临床意义

目的探讨不同性别和年龄冠心病患者体内脂蛋白α水平的分布特征及其与冠状动脉血管病变程度的关系。方法选择行冠状动脉造影确诊的冠心病住院患者572例,将所有冠心病患者根据年龄分为中老年组155例和老年组417例。收集患者临床资料、生化指标及冠状动脉造影结果。采用简单线性相关分析冠心病的影响因素。结果①男性冠心病患者与女性冠心病患者比较,女性脂蛋白水平显著高于男性(P<0.05)。②单支、双支和三支病变组脂蛋白α水平三组间比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。③简单线性相关分析显示Gensini积分仅与脂蛋白α相关,脂蛋白α与TC、LDL-C、APO B和Gensini积分相关。结论脂蛋白α是冠心病的独立危险因素。     

Correlation of red cell distribution width with the severity of coronary artery disease: a large Chinese cohort study from a single center

Background It has been reported that increased red blood cell width (RDW) is a marker associated with the presence and adverse outcomes of various cardiovascular diseases.The aim of the present study w...     

代谢综合征可能比传统危险因素更能预测冠心病患者预后

目的 分析冠心病血运重建患者心血管危险因素的流行情况及对预后的影响,探讨集中了5个心血管危险因素(肥胖,糖代谢异常,高血压,高甘油三酯血症,低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症)的代谢综合征在冠心病患者中的流行趋势和预后意义.方法 研究对象来自单中心注册研究DESIRE(Drug-Eluting Stent Impact on Revascularization),入选2003年7月至2004年9月30日在我院接受血运重建治疗(经皮冠状动脉介入或冠脉旁路移植术)的所有患者,记录其临床资料,及随访期间临床不良事件,患者死亡为随访终止,记录死亡时间.代谢综合征定义采用美国2005年美国胆固醇教育计划成人治疗专家组修订(2005 NCEP ATP Ⅲ)的代谢综合征定义,以体质指数(BMI)≥25 kg/m2代替腹围指标.结果 相应临床资料记录完整的患者1911例,平均年龄(60±10)岁,男性1458例,占76.3%.截止到2007年底随访时间中位数为3.5年(293～1855 d).把患者按照是否发生主要不良心脑血管事件(MACCE)分为2组,发现在MACCE组仅空腹血糖明显高于无MACCE组(P=0.049).应用多因素Logistic分析,未发现传统心血管危险因素对随访期间的MACCE和病死率有明显影响,未见任何传统心血管危险因素对预后有预测意义,而只有把集合了5个心血管危险因素的代谢综合征作为一个整体危险因素,和其他传统危险因素一起放入Logistic模型中,观察对预后的影响时,发现只有代谢综合征可以显著预测冠心病患者的预后(P=0.035,OR=1.319,95%CI 1.020-1.706).结论 在冠心病血运重建患者中,传统心血管危险因素中只有代谢综合征可以预测冠心病患者的不良预后.     

血红蛋白水平对冠状动脉介入治疗急性ST段抬高心肌梗死患者远期预后的影响

目的 评价血红蛋白(Hb)水平对接受急诊冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)急性ST段抬高心肌梗死患者远期临床预后的影响.方法 150例接受了急诊PCI急性ST段抬高心肌梗死患者纳入本研究,根据基线Hb水平分为两组:Hb＜ 120 g/L组(n=21)、Hb≥120 g/L组(n=129),临床随访3年,平均(41±16)个月,观察两组间主要不良心脏事件(MACE)发生率的差异.结果 两组在心肌梗死部位、梗死相关血管、双支血管病变、三支血管病变、Killip分级≥Ⅱ级、药物支架的比例、术后TIMI3级血流的比例,以及高血压、高血脂、吸烟、肥胖、阿司匹林和氯吡格雷使用比例等差异均无统计学意义(均P＞0.05).在Hb＜ 120 g/L组,平均年龄(岁)显著高于Hb≥120 g/L组(68.5±9.2比61.2±12.2,P＜0.0001);糖尿病比例显著高于Hb≥120 g/L组(47.62％比18.60％,P=0.0032);平均的症状发作至球囊打开时间(SOTB)(h)显著高于Hb≥120 g/L组(8.8±10.5比6.3±5.0,P＜0.0001);而平均左室射血分数(LVEF)(％)、完全血运重建的比例显著低于Hb≥120 g/L组(51.25±11.34比58.79±10.38,P＜0.0001;61.9％比86.8％,P=0.0045),其差异有统计学意义.多因素Logistic回归分析显示,LVEF是随访期主要不良心脏事件(MACE)发生的独立预测因素(P=0.0140),差异有统计学意义.临床随访期3年,MACE发生16例.Hb＜ 120 g/L组的MACE发生率显著高于Hb≥120 g/L组(33.33％比6.98％,P=0.0003);随访期间其全因病死率和心性病死率也显著高于Hb≥120 g/L组(28.57％比3.10％,P＜0.0001;23.81％比2.33％,P＜0.0001),差异有统计学意义.结论 在接受急诊PCI的急性ST段抬高心肌梗死患者中,Hb水平＜120 g/L患者,其随访期MACE发生率增加,全因病死率和心性病死率增加,远期预后差.