症状性大脑中动脉狭窄率与组织灌注的相关性

目的 应用单一症状性M1段狭窄模型定量分析症状性大脑中动脉狭窄率与组织灌注的相关性.方法 从连续203例症状性颅内动脉狭窄选择性支架成形术患者中严格筛选所有单一M1段狭窄患者.所有患者均进行头颅CT、CT灌注(CTP)和DSA检查.根据CTP检查结果,测量两侧从前往后包括额叶、前分水岭、岛盖、颞叶、后分水岭和枕叶的各脑区CTP各参数.CTP参数包括平均通过时间(MTT)、脑血流量(CBF)和脑血容量(CBV).以健侧作为正常对照,计算患侧各脑区CTP参数相对值和判定患侧各脑区CTP各参数变化.根据DSA造影结果,肓法手工测量M1段狭窄率和判断侧支代偿动脉来源及侧支血流分级.对M1段狭窄率与患侧各脑区CTP各参数绝对值、相对值进行相关性分析.结果 20例患者入组,患侧M1段狭窄率平均为70.5%±10.6%(53%～91%).以对侧为对照,患侧额叶MTT正常,CBF正常,CBV升高;前分水岭MTT延长,CBF正常,CBV升高;岛盖MTT延长,CBF正常,CBV升高;颞叶MTT延长,CBF正常,CBV正常;后分水岭MTT延长,CBF下降,CBV正常;枕叶MTT正常,CBF正常,CBV正常.狭窄M1段供血相关脑区,从前往后各脑区血流灌注逐渐减低;而后分水岭是惟一处于血流失代偿期的脑区.所有患者DSA显示侧支代偿均主要来自大脑前动脉软脑膜支.M1段狭窄率与后分水岭区相对CBV正相关(r=0.66,P=0.002);与其余各脑区各CTP灌注参数均没有相关性.结论 症状性大脑中动脉狭窄患侧各脑区组织灌注水平受侧支代偿动脉的影响有明显空间分布效应;M1段狭窄率与血流失代偿期脑区相对CBV呈正相关,与血流代偿期脑区组织灌注没有相关性.

Abstract：

Objective To quantitatively analyze the correlation between stenosis ratio and cerebral perfusion in patients with solely symptomatic M1 stenosis of middle cerebral artery.Methods All the patients with solely symptomatic M1 stenosis of middle cerebral artery were selected to this study from consecutive 203 patients with elective stenting of symptomatic intracranial artery stenosis.Brain CT, CT perfusion (CTP) and DSA examinations were performed in all cases.The CTP parameters of mean transit time (MTT), cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral blood volume (CBV) were measured in regions of interest (ROIs) including bilateral frontal lobe, anterior watershed, opercula of the insula (including parsopercluaris and part of insula), temporal lobe, posterior watershed and occipital lobe.Compared with the unaffected side as control, the change of CTP and their relative CTP parameters in these ROIs at affected side were analyzed.Based on DSA data, the ratio of M1 stenosis was measured manually and blindly, the source of collateral branch of compensative artery was estimated and the blood flow was graded.Correlation between the ratio of M1 stenosis and the CTP parameters including the absolute and the relative values was investigated.Results Twenty patients were selected into this study; their average M1 stenosis ration of the affected side was 70.5% ± 10.6% (53% to 91%).Compared with the unaffected side, MTT and CBF were no significant change but CBV increased in the affected frontal lobe; MTT prolonged, CBF was normal and CBV increased in the affected anterior watershed and opercula of the insula; MTT prolonged, CBF and CBV had no significant difference in the affected temporal lobe; MTT prolonged, CBF decreased and CBV had no significant difference in the affected posterior watershed; MTT, CBF and CBV were normal in occipital lobe.Tissue perfusion gradually decreased from the front to the backward in all the M1 stenosis affected cerebral regions and the posterior watershed area was the only region at hemodynamic failure stage.Leptomeningeal vessels of the anterior cerebral artery were the major sources of compensative arteries shown in the DSA in all cases.The ratio of M1 stenosis was positively correlated (r =0.66, P =0.002) with the rCBV in posterior watershed and there is no significant correlation between the ratio and any other CTP parameters in any regions.Conclusions Associated with distribution of collateral compensative artery,tissue perfusion showed obvious spatial distribution at different level in different cerebral region.M1 stenosis ratio is positively correlated with rCBV in hemodynamic failure regions, and there is no correlation with tissue perfusion in hemodynamic compromise regions.     

幕上分水岭脑灌注与ICA狭窄程度的相关性研究

目的 应用CT灌注（computed tomography perfusion,CTP）成像技术探讨幕上各分水岭区血流灌注与颈内动脉（internal carotid artery,ICA）狭窄程度的相关性。方法 分析97例单侧ICA狭窄（≥50%）患者的临床及CTP资料,并以37例无血管狭窄（或单侧ICA狭窄<50%）患者为对照组。所有患者在入院后均行CT平扫、CTP及数字减影血管造影（digital subtraction angiography,DSA）检查,对称性选取双侧幕上各分水岭区,进行参数值的测量。分析不同狭窄程度组各分水岭区的灌注状态。结果 单侧ICA狭窄时,各个分水岭区患侧与健侧的平均通过时间（mean transit time,MTT）和达峰时间（time to peak,TTP）差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,患侧较健侧时间延长;仅在半卵圆中心患侧脑血流量（cerebral blood flow,CBF）较健侧明显降低,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;后角白质患侧脑血容量（cerebral blood volume,CBV）较健侧增加,差异有...     

椎动脉狭窄支架成型手术前后CT灌注影像研究

目的探讨椎动脉狭窄支架成型手术前后的CT灌注成像(CT perfusion,CTP)的影像学特点,为术前评估及术后评价提供诊断依据。方法回顾性分析50例椎动脉狭窄支架手术病人的临床资料,手术前后行CTP及CT血管成像(CT angiography,CTA)及全脑血管造影(digital substraction angiography,DSA)。检测病侧与健侧的平均通过时间(mean transmit time,MTT)、脑血流量(cerebral blood flow,CBF)、脑血容量(cerebral blood volume,CBV)并进行统计分析,同时对比病侧手术前后的影像特点。结果 50例病人术后狭窄均解除,无严重并发症。术前CTP发现35例灌注异常,阳性率70%;其中病侧与健侧CBF、MTT比较差异具有统计学意义(P 0.05)。其中31例(88.6%)术后病侧CTP较术前改善,手术前后CBF、MTT比较差异具有统计学意义(P 0.05);余4例无变化。结论 CTP较为敏感,可以反映后循环脑组织的缺血灌注状态,也可以用于椎动脉支架成型手术的术前评估、术后评价。     

超早期溶栓治疗对缺血性卒中患者计算机断层扫描灌注成像的影响

目的 探讨超早期溶栓治疗对缺血性卒中患者计算机断层扫描（computed tomography,CT）灌注成像的影响。方法 选取发病6h内的急性缺血性卒中患者45例,随机分为溶栓组和对照组。于溶栓前、后行CT灌注成像检查,观察溶栓前后病变区相对脑血流量（relative cerebral blood flow,rCBF）、相对脑血容量（relative cerebral blood volume,rCBV）、相对平均通过时间（relative mean transit time,rMTT）的变化,于溶栓前、后进行美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表（national institutes of health stroke scale,NIHSS）评分,并与对照组比较。结果 两组患者CT灌注成像均发现与临床症状对应的脑灌注异常区,表现为CBF、CBV降低,MTT延迟,表明存在缺血半暗带。溶栓组大部分患者溶栓后脑灌注情况明显改善,梗死核心区rCBF、rCBV与溶栓前差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;缺血半暗带区rCBF值显著增加（P＜0.01）,rMTT值减小（P＜0.01）。对照组常规治疗后缺血半暗带区rCBF、rCBV值明显减低,rMTT增加（P＜0.01）。治疗后两组相比,溶栓组缺血半暗带区rCBF、rCBV值较对照组明显增加,rMTT值明显减少（P＜0.01）。溶栓组神经功能恢复比率明显高于对照组（P＜0.01）。结论 急性缺血性卒中患者溶栓后缺血半暗带区rCBF显著增加,rMTT减少,神经功能缺损评分明显降低。     

大脑中动脉闭塞患者侧支循环与脑灌注研究

目的探讨大脑中动脉(MCA)闭塞患者脑侧支循环建立情况及其对脑灌注的影响。方法 46例单侧MCA闭塞患者,均行320排CT血管成像(CTA)联合CT灌注成像(CTP)检查,根据侧支循环分布状况分为侧支循环丰富组和侧支循环减少组,获取双侧MCA供血区的各项脑灌注参数值,即局部脑血流量(cerebral blood volume,CBV)、局部脑血容量(cerebral blood flood,CBF)、达峰时间(time to peak,TTP)及平均通过时间(mean transit time,MTT),用Rcbv、Rcbf、Rttp、Rmtt表示患侧与健侧各灌注参数的比值。对比分析健患两侧的脑灌注差异及两组患者脑灌注的不同。结果相比健侧,患侧MCA供血区TTP明显延长(P0.05),CBV、CBF略升高(P0.05),MTT略延长(P0.05)。侧支丰富组Rcbv、Rcbf均高于侧支减少组(P0.05),Rmtt低于侧支减少组(P0.05),Rttp高于侧支减少组(P0.05)。结论丰富的脑侧支循环可以有效地改善闭塞MCA远端缺血区脑组织的血流灌注。     

CT灌注成像对烟雾病行脑血管重建术的疗效评价

目的 探讨CT灌注成像技术(CTP)在出血型烟雾病中的应用价值和评价颞浅-大脑中动脉搭桥术(STA-MCA)手术疗效.方法 20例出血型烟雾病患者在实施STA-MCA手术前、术后1周和术后3个月分别行CTP检查.对患者手术前腩血流量(CBF)、脑血容量(CBV)、平均通过时间(MTT)进行定量和定性分析,并对手术前后及随访的CBF、CBV、MTT进行对比分析.结果 10例患者术前手术侧与对侧比较,额、颞叶CBF降低,CBV增加,MTT延长;术后1周复查,术侧额、颞叶与术前比较发现,rMTT降低,rCBV不变,rCBF增加;术后3个月复查,与术后1周比较,额、颞叶rMTT、rCBV降低;差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 CTP能检测脑缺血的部位,有助于出血型烟雾病术前治疗方法的选择和术后疗效观察;出血型烟雾病仍存在脑灌注严重不足,以额、颞叶明显,STA-MCA搭桥术能增加额、颞叶脑血供,预防缺血或出血性卒中发生.     

CT灌注成像对烟雾病行脑血管重建术的疗效评价

目的 探讨CT灌注成像技术(CTP)在出血型烟雾病中的应用价值和评价颞浅-大脑中动脉搭桥术(STA-MCA)手术疗效.方法 20例出血型烟雾病患者在实施STA-MCA手术前、术后1周和术后3个月分别行CTP检查.对患者手术前腩血流量(CBF)、脑血容量(CBV)、平均通过时间(MTT)进行定量和定性分析,并对手术前后及随访的CBF、CBV、MTT进行对比分析.结果 10例患者术前手术侧与对侧比较,额、颞叶CBF降低,CBV增加,MTT延长;术后1周复查,术侧额、颞叶与术前比较发现,rMTT降低,rCBV不变,rCBF增加;术后3个月复查,与术后1周比较,额、颞叶rMTT、rCBV降低;差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 CTP能检测脑缺血的部位,有助于出血型烟雾病术前治疗方法的选择和术后疗效观察;出血型烟雾病仍存在脑灌注严重不足,以额、颞叶明显,STA-MCA搭桥术能增加额、颞叶脑血供,预防缺血或出血性卒中发生.     

CT灌注成像对烟雾病行脑血管重建术的疗效评价

目的 探讨CT灌注成像技术(CTP)在出血型烟雾病中的应用价值和评价颞浅-大脑中动脉搭桥术(STA-MCA)手术疗效.方法 20例出血型烟雾病患者在实施STA-MCA手术前、术后1周和术后3个月分别行CTP检查.对患者手术前腩血流量(CBF)、脑血容量(CBV)、平均通过时间(MTT)进行定量和定性分析,并对手术前后及随访的CBF、CBV、MTT进行对比分析.结果 10例患者术前手术侧与对侧比较,额、颞叶CBF降低,CBV增加,MTT延长;术后1周复查,术侧额、颞叶与术前比较发现,rMTT降低,rCBV不变,rCBF增加;术后3个月复查,与术后1周比较,额、颞叶rMTT、rCBV降低;差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 CTP能检测脑缺血的部位,有助于出血型烟雾病术前治疗方法的选择和术后疗效观察;出血型烟雾病仍存在脑灌注严重不足,以额、颞叶明显,STA-MCA搭桥术能增加额、颞叶脑血供,预防缺血或出血性卒中发生.     

CT灌注成像对烟雾病行脑血管重建术的疗效评价

目的 探讨CT灌注成像技术(CTP)在出血型烟雾病中的应用价值和评价颞浅-大脑中动脉搭桥术(STA-MCA)手术疗效.方法 20例出血型烟雾病患者在实施STA-MCA手术前、术后1周和术后3个月分别行CTP检查.对患者手术前腩血流量(CBF)、脑血容量(CBV)、平均通过时间(MTT)进行定量和定性分析,并对手术前后及随访的CBF、CBV、MTT进行对比分析.结果 10例患者术前手术侧与对侧比较,额、颞叶CBF降低,CBV增加,MTT延长;术后1周复查,术侧额、颞叶与术前比较发现,rMTT降低,rCBV不变,rCBF增加;术后3个月复查,与术后1周比较,额、颞叶rMTT、rCBV降低;差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 CTP能检测脑缺血的部位,有助于出血型烟雾病术前治疗方法的选择和术后疗效观察;出血型烟雾病仍存在脑灌注严重不足,以额、颞叶明显,STA-MCA搭桥术能增加额、颞叶脑血供,预防缺血或出血性卒中发生.     

CT灌注成像对烟雾病行脑血管重建术的疗效评价

目的 探讨CT灌注成像技术(CTP)在出血型烟雾病中的应用价值和评价颞浅-大脑中动脉搭桥术(STA-MCA)手术疗效.方法 20例出血型烟雾病患者在实施STA-MCA手术前、术后1周和术后3个月分别行CTP检查.对患者手术前腩血流量(CBF)、脑血容量(CBV)、平均通过时间(MTT)进行定量和定性分析,并对手术前后及随访的CBF、CBV、MTT进行对比分析.结果 10例患者术前手术侧与对侧比较,额、颞叶CBF降低,CBV增加,MTT延长;术后1周复查,术侧额、颞叶与术前比较发现,rMTT降低,rCBV不变,rCBF增加;术后3个月复查,与术后1周比较,额、颞叶rMTT、rCBV降低;差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 CTP能检测脑缺血的部位,有助于出血型烟雾病术前治疗方法的选择和术后疗效观察;出血型烟雾病仍存在脑灌注严重不足,以额、颞叶明显,STA-MCA搭桥术能增加额、颞叶脑血供,预防缺血或出血性卒中发生.     

后循环动脉狭窄支架植入前后血流动力学变化的初步研究

目的探讨症状性椎-基底动脉狭窄内支架成形术前后脑血流动力学变化。方法回顾性分析38例症状性椎一基底动脉狭窄病人的临床资料,其中中度狭窄32例,重度狭窄6例。病人均行血管内支架成形术,手术前后行经颅彩色多普勒（TCD）及脑CT灌注成像（CTP）检查,测量狭窄处血流速度峰值及平均脑血容量（CBV）、平均脑血流量（CBF）、平均通过时间（MTT）。结果支架成彤术后,动脉狭窄处血流速度峰值由术前的（226±27）cm／s降至（135±18）cm／s,差异有统计学意义（P〈O．01）。直接供血区术后MTT较术前明显降低（P〈0．01）,CBF较术前明显增高（P〈O,05）,CBV较术前无明显改变（P〉0．05）。结论TCD联合CTP可评估症状性椎一基底动脉狭窄内支架成形术后脑灌注改善情况。     

Changes in cerebral hemodynamics after carotid stenting: evaluation with CT perfusion studies

PURPOSE: To determine changes in cerebral perfusion parameters, based on CT perfusion imaging, in patients after unilateral transluminal angioplasty and stent placement. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 74 patients with symptomatic high - grade internal carotid artery stenosis (>70%) were studied with CT perfusion imaging before and - on average - 70 hours and 172 days after carotid stent placement. There were 50 patients with unilateral carotid artery stenosis and 24 with stenosis and accompanying contralateral internal carotid artery occlusion. CT examination was performed using a multidetector helical CT scanner (Light Speed Ultra Advantage, GE Healthcare, USA). Maps showing the absolute values of cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume (CBV) and mean transit time (MTT) were generated. RESULTS: In a group with unilateral carotid artery stenosis perfusion deficits were present in 84% of patients, ipsilaterally to stenosis. MTT elongation was noted (6.2-6.8s) together with decreased values of CBF (40-46ml/100g/min) and slightly increased CBV (3.2ml/100g). In this group, 3 days after stenting, 30% of patients had perfusion deficits, and after 6 months only 6%. In a group with carotid artery stenosis and contralateral artery occlusion severe perfusion deficits were noted in both hemispheres and they were present in 100% of patients. 6 months after stenting hypoperfusion was observed only in 17% of patients. CONCLUSIONS: Brain perfusion deficits, observed in a majority of patients with carotid artery stenosis tend to improve considerably after carotid artery stenting, in long - term follow up.     

头颅CT灌注成像在球囊闭塞试验中的辅助作用

目的探讨头颅CT灌注成像（CTP）在球囊闭塞试验（BOT）中的辅助判断作用。方法 20例经DSA确诊的颈内动脉巨大动脉瘤患者,临床判断为BOT阴性的同时行头颅CTP,通过比较双侧半球的脑血流量（CBF）、脑血容量（CBV）及达峰时间（TTP）对脑血流动力学进行评估。结果 20例患者均在BOT过程中完成CTP且无任何脑缺血症状,17例（85.0%）灌注对称,判断为耐受性良好,16例行永久性颈内动脉球囊闭塞术（其中4例联合动脉瘤部分栓塞术）,1例行颈内动脉慢性阻断术;3例（15.0%）灌注不对称,主要为阻断侧TTP延长,CBV正常或轻度升高,而CBF基本正常,即存在早期的脑血流动力学损害,认为其无法耐受颈内动脉的永久闭塞,其中2例行颅内外动脉搭桥联合动脉瘤孤立术,1例行支架辅助的动脉瘤致密栓塞术,载瘤动脉保留完整。所有患者随访15～32个月,均无远期缺血并发症。结论 CTP能检出BOT阴性者潜在的脑血流动力学损害,可以更客观地评估其对颈内动脉永久闭塞的耐受力,是BOT的重要补充。     

头颅CT灌注成像对烟雾病行间接血流重建术的疗效评价

目的研究探讨头颅CT灌注成像（CTP）技术对缺血型或出血型烟雾病（MMD）患者行间接血流重建术（indirect revascularisation）的总体疗效评价。方法 47例缺血性或出血卒中起病并由数字减影血管造影（DSA）证实的MMD患者,采用颅骨多点钻孔术（MBHT）、脑-颞肌贴敷术（EMS）、脑-颞肌-动脉贴敷术（EDAMS）、脑-硬脑膜-动脉贴敷术行间接血流重建术。并于术前、术后1周、术后3个月分别行头颅CT灌注成像检查,分别对脑血流量（CBF）、脑血容量（CBV）、达峰时间（TTP）进行定量和定性检查分析,并对手术前后及随访的CBF、CBV、TTP进行对比分析。结果 MMD患者术前与术后早期（1周）CTP各参数比较,额颞叶CBF、CBV变化无统计学差异,TTP显著降低,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;术后3个月CTP与术后1周比较,额、颞叶rTTP、rCBV降低;差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。慢性缺血型MMD患者术后症状改善明显。结论 CT灌注成像作为一项快速简便的脑血流状况的检测技术,能反映脑微循环信息的功能成像,尤其是其TTP等时间参数对区分缺血程度具有很高的敏感性,能显示早期细微的缺血变化,MMD间接血流重建术后侧支血管的形成和脑血流的改善远早于造影上新生血管的形成,可以解释间接血流重建术后早期在造影可见的吻合血管出现之前就出现临床症状的明显改善。该检查有助于判断MMD脑缺血的部位和程度、选择手术侧别和手术方式,更为了解间接血流重建术后缺血程度是否改善提供较客观的评判依据。     

VEGF-165基因对创伤性脑损伤脑血流动力学影响的实验研究

目的 研究外源性血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)基因治疗大鼠创伤性脑损伤(TBI)后脑灌注的变化,了解其血流动力学改变.方法 创伤性脑损伤大鼠模型建立后随机分为3组:治疗组,质粒对照组,外伤组.通过RT-PCR检测脑伤后1h、6h、24h、3d、7d、14 d VEGF mRNA在损伤局部的表达改变;应用CT灌注像(CTP)研究不同时间脑血流量(CBF)、脑血容量(CBV)等参数在VEGF-165基因治疗前后的动态变化.结果 VEGF-165基因治疗创伤性脑损伤大鼠后经RT-PCR扩增的VEGF mRNA绝对积分光密度值水平显著高于外伤组和质粒对照组(P＜0.05).CTP参数和伪彩图均显示基因治疗组脑灌注在伤后24h CBF、CBV有增高趋势,伤后3d、7d脑灌注明显高于TBI 组(P＜0.05),虽然伤后14 d CBF、CBV开始降低,但和TBI组比较仍然较高.结论 本研究结果显示大鼠创伤性脑损伤后外源性VEGF基因能够提高脑损伤组织的脑灌注,改善脑损伤部位微循环,为损伤组织的恢复提供基础.     

CT灌注成像对烟雾病直接搭桥术后脑血流的评估

目的应用CT灌注成像(CTP)方法探讨烟雾病颞浅动脉-大脑中动脉搭桥术对脑血流量的影响。方法选择2014年12月至2015年5月本院就诊的烟雾病患者35例,由全脑血管造影术(DSA)确诊为烟雾病。分别于术前、术后7d检查头颅CTP,在术侧及对侧根据患者的临床症状,划定相应位置作为感兴趣区(region of interest,ROI),取得各参数后,进行配对t检验。结果患者行颞浅-大脑中动脉搭桥术,94%患者脑血流量(CBF)、脑血容量(CBV)较术前增加,平均通过时间(MTT)较前缩短,达峰时间(TTP)无明显变化。术前、术后相对脑血流量(rCBF)、相对脑血容量(rCBV),相对平均通过时间(rMTT)两两比较P0.05。相对达峰时间(rTTP)P0.05。结论 CT灌注成像(CTP)对烟雾病直接搭桥术患者术前、术后脑血流的评估具有重要的临床意义。     

Evaluation of cerebral hemodynamics with perfusion CT]

We report on the evaluation of cerebral ischemic lesions with perfusion CT. Cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume (CBV) and mean transit time (MTT) of 52 patients mostly with ischemic cerebrovascular disease were analysed using the box-modulation transfer function method with 30 ml of contrast medium intravenously injected at 5 ml/sec. CBF, CBV and MTT of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory were 43.5 +/- 4.6 ml/100 g/min, 1.9 +/- 0.2 ml/100 g and 2.9 +/- 0.6 seconds at the unaffected side, and 37.7 +/- 7.3 ml/100 g/min, 2.1 +/- 0.3 ml/100 g, 3.7 +/- 0.9 seconds at the lesion side with stenosis or occlusion in the main MCA trunks or internal carotid artery, respectively. A statistically significant difference was shown in CBF and MTT values. Furthermore, there was a close correlation in CBF values of MCA territories between Xe-CT and perfusion CT (r = 0.645, n = 76, p < 0.0001). MTT showed a positive correlation with CBV in those subjects when MTT was below 4.1 seconds (r = 0.526, p < 0.0001, n = 83). MTT also showed a negative correlation with CBF in those patients when MTT indicated more than 4.1 seconds (r = 0.818, p < 0.001, n = 21). These results suggest that the progression of cerebral ischemia may be classified in 4 stages using perfusion CT. The stages are as follows: stage 0; normal CBF without prolonged MTT and increased CBV, stage 1; relatively increased CBV, stage 2; significantly prolonged MTT, and stage 3; significantly decreased CBF with prolonged MTT.     

联合血管重建术治疗烟雾病疗效评价

目的 探讨联合血管重建术治疗烟雾病的疗效.方法 23例缺血型烟雾病患者均采用颞浅动脉-大脑中动脉分支吻合与脑-硬膜-肌肉血管融合术（STA-MCA＋ EDMS）手术方法.术前、术后1周及术后3个月行mRS评分,并测量术前、术后1周手术侧大脑中动脉分布区的CT灌注参数.结果 22例患者术后1周行DSA或CTA检查示吻合口通畅,1例吻合血管闭塞.术后3个月mRS评分与术前、术后1周两组比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.所有患者手术侧大脑中动脉分布区CT灌注成像各参数分别行分析,结果显示：术后1周示CBF增加,MTT、TTP缩短,与术前比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 联合血管重建术能改善缺血型烟雾病患者症状.     

Falsas penumbras isquémicas en la TC de perfusión en pacientes con estenosis carotídea y cambios después de la angioplastia y stenting

IntroductionCarotid artery stenosis influences CT perfusion (CTP) studies, sometimes manifesting as a false ischaemic penumbra (FIP). This study aims to estimate the incidence of FIP in patients with carotid artery stenosis, establish their relationship with the degree of stenosis, and measure quantitative and qualitative changes in CTP after carotid angioplasty and stenting (CAS).MethodsBetween October 2013 and June 2015, we prospectively selected 26 patients with carotid stenosis who underwent CAS, with CTP being performed 2-10 days before and after CAS.ResultsSixteen patients had unilateral stenosis (11 in the subgroup displaying < 90% stenosis and 5 in the subgroup with ≥ 90% stenosis) and 10 patients had bilateral stenosis. The incidence of FIP in patients with carotid artery stenosis was 38.5%. Risk of FIP increased in direct relation to degree of stenosis, with a relative risk of 11 in the subgroup with ≥ 90% stenosis with respect to the subgroup displaying < 90% stenosis (95% CI, 1.7-71.3; P=.0005). There were statistically significant changes in the parameters CBF, TTP, MTT, and Tmax CTP, which reverted after angioplasty. No significant changes were found in CBV.ConclusionsCarotid artery stenosis involves changes in CTP parameters. Patients with ≥ 90% stenosis carry a high risk of FIP; CTP studies may therefore be misinterpreted in these cases. Changes in CTP parameters are reverted after CAS.