微信联合iMedlib平台在眼科实习带教中的应用效果评价

目的评价微信联合iMedlib平台在眼科实习带教中的应用效果。方法选取2017年1月-2018年12月于我院眼科进行实习的96例实习生为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组,各48例。对照组实施传统实习带教模式,观察组在对照组的基础上加用微信联合iMedlib平台进行同步带教,实习期均为6个月。比较两组实习生出科考试中理论知识、操作技能以及综合成绩得分;比较两组实习生考核合格率、实习生对带教老师的满意度以及带教老师对实习生的满意度;比较两组实习生7项自我临床能力评分。结果观察组实习生理论知识成绩、操作技能成绩、综合成绩均高于对照组(P0.05)。观察组实习生考核合格率、实习生对带教老师满意度、带教老师对实习生满意度均高于对照组(P0.05)。观察组实习生7项自我临床能力评分均高于对照组,且临床能力总评分高于对照组(P0.05)。结论使用微信联合iMedlib平台进行眼科实习带教可提高实习生出科考试成绩,提高带教工作满意度,有利于实习生自我临床能力的提高。     

临床路径教学法对骨科临床带教的干预分析

目的：对骨科临床带教中使用临床路径教学法的效果进行分析。方法：90名在医院骨科中实习的医学生,实习时间为2020年1月至2022年1月,通过使用随机分组的方式,分成对照组和观察组,各45名。分别采用传统教学法和临床路径教学法带教。对两组实习生的考试成绩、带教满意度、实习生教学效果临床带教优良率进行对比。结果：考试成绩比较观察组比对照组高,实习生带教满意度观察组比对照组高,实习生教学效果评分观察组高于对照组,临床带教优良率观察组高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：在骨科临床带教中采用临床路径教学法,实习生掌握了较多的基础知识及实践知识,较有助于提升考试成绩,实习生对带教有较高的满意度,取得了良好的实习效果,可在临床带教中大力推广使用。     

护理实习带教心得

目的为了保证护理实习生的实习质量,培养出更多合格、优秀的护理接班人。方法遵照医院实习大纲要求经过科室几年的探索和总结做出如下方法:针对不同学历的实习生制定不同的相关带教计划:医院要求本科生带教计划不仅要求基础护理操作熟练而且要求书写教学查房病历、书写护理论查房。集中带教:实习生进入临床第一个科室由操作规范、业务能力较强的总带教老师集中带教,避免教学层次不齐,进行一对一有业务学习培养,对实习生的实践操作、与病人之间的沟通方法、病情观察能力、遇到问题的解决能力的培养。双向评价:科室实习结束后,由实习学生和老师分别评价对方即护生双向测评表,以便及时改进护理教学方法,发现科室的错误,缺点,提出建议和意见,使下一批同学得到更规范操作标准。一对一带教:一位老师只带一名学生对学生的生活学习,生活,工作全面负责。结果培养出优秀实习生62名,书写护理教学查房病例31份,护理病例讨论4篇。结论介绍的带教方法行之有效,特别是集中带教,为以后的实习和带教打下了坚实基础。     

目标教学在临床整体护理带教中的应用

目的随着新护理观的推行及整体护理的普及,需要将以往一对一经验式护理带教转变为科学化的带教,为社会输送高素质实用型护理人才。方法运用目标教学法于护生临床整体护理的带教。结果改变教学模式后,护生的理论、操作考试成绩、病人满意度、护生对老师满意度均有较大幅度提高。结论护生的实习方向性更加明确,老师带教目标明确,效果明显优于传统的经验式带教。     

针灸康复科中医护理临床教学路径实际效果分析

目的探讨针灸康复科中医护理临床教学路径实际效果。方法纳入2016年2月—2017年2月100名针灸康复科中医护理教学护理实习生以数字表法分组。传统模式组采用传统的护理教学方法,临床教学路径组采用临床教学路径法。比较针灸康复科中医护理带教老师对护理实习生出科时的中医理论考试成绩、中医操作考试评分、综合能力评分;护理实习生对教学模式的满意度。结果临床教学路径组针灸康复科中医护理带教老师对护理实习生出科时的中医理论考试成绩、中医操作考试评分、综合能力评分高于传统模式组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);临床教学路径组护理实习生对教学模式的满意度高于传统模式组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论针灸康复科中医护理教学中临床教学路径法的运用效果确切,可提升护理实习生的满意度,提高护理实习生对针灸康复科中医护理理论和操作的掌握度和临床综合能力。     

微信联合三明治教学法在妇产科护生带教中的应用

目的 比较微信联合三明治教学法与传统教学法在妇产科护生临床教学中的效果.方法 将99例在我院妇产科轮转的护理实习生随机分为实验组和对照组.实验组48例接受微信平台联合三明治教学法进行临床带教,对照组51名接受传统教学法.出科时评价两组实习生的理论考试成绩、操作考试成绩以及实习满意度.结果 两组实习生性别、学历以及在校理论成绩平均分等基本信息均无统计学差异(P>0.05).研究结果显示实验组学生理论考试成绩、操作考试成绩以及实习满意度均高于对照组(P<0.05).结论 微信联合三明治教学法能够明显提高妇产科护生的临床带教质量.     

肿瘤专科医院药学专业实习生带教工作探讨

本文通过多年探索时间,针对医院药学实习的特点,对肿瘤专科医院药学专业毕业实习生的带教经验进行整理总结,并就肿瘤专科医院药学专业实习生的实习带教方法进行探讨。     

PICU病房实习生带教工作探讨与体会

目的：探讨使实习生在PICU尽快进入实习状态,完成实习计划的方法。方法通过有目标、有计划、有组织、有系统、以及实行“一对一带教”专人带教,集体培训。结果通过系统化的带教,实习生能尽快进入实习状态,出科考试成绩优秀。结论 PICU实习生的带教方法可提高实习生的实习效果,值得推广应用。     

急诊科护理实习生带教中实施新型护理教学模式的作用

目的探讨急诊护理实习生带教中实施新型护理教学模式的效果。方法选取2014年10月—2016年12月于医院急诊科进行实习的78例护理实习生作为本次研究对象,按照随机数字表法将此次研究对象分组为对照组(采用传统护理教学)与观察组(采用新型护理教学模式),各39例。于实习结束时通过试卷考试来评价两组护理实习生理论成绩情况记忆性试题、开放性试题),通过现场操作评价两组护理实习生临床实践操作能力及病例书写能力,采用问卷调查表调查护理实习生对带教老师的满意度。结果观察组记忆性试题和开放性试题及理论成绩总分分别为(45.69±3.21)分、(45.85±3.33)分、(92.34±5.26)分,明显高于对照组(40.25±3.07)分、(39.78±2.98)分、(75.28±3.88)分,t=(7.64,8.48,16.29),P=(0.00,0.00,0.00);观察组护理实习生临床实践操作能力及病例书写能力评分分别为(95.85±3.66)分、(96.74±3.20)分,明显高于对照组(90.25±2.74)分、(90.07±3.12)分,t=(7.64,9.32),P=(0.00,0.00)。观察组护理实习生对带教老师的满意度为94.87%(37/39),明显高于对照组74.36%(29/39),χ~2=6.98,P=0.03。结论实施新型护理教学模式可有助于提高急诊科护理实习生理论基础知识及实际操作能力,同时强化其病例书写能力,最终提高其护理带教老师的满意度。     

全科医学在社区卫生服务机构带教实习体会

我国随着社会的进步和人口老龄化的加重,全科医学逐渐兴起,全科医学的教育和培养显得尤其重要。全科医学理论学习是基础,而实习阶段又是全科医学教育的关键时期。实习的教学质量直接关系到全科医学水平的培养质量。南开区王顶堤医院为二级综合医院,同时承担本辖区基本公共卫生服务工作,具有一定的特殊性,是天津医科大学全科医学、预防医学、社区护理教学实习基地。该院探索对全科医学实习生带教方法,采用教育实习生建立全科医学思维的理念、培养实习生的沟通能力和医学人文教育、开展医护联合带教形式、实习生对带教老师进行评价的方法,收到较好的效果。     

Heat-related illnesses, deaths, and risk factors--Cincinnati and Dayton, Ohio, 1999, and United States, 1979-1997

During the summer of 1999, a heat wave occurred in the midwestern and eastern United States. This period of hot and humid weather persisted from July 12 through August 1, 1999, and caused or contributed to 22 deaths among persons residing in Cincinnati (18 deaths) and Dayton (four deaths). A CDC survey of 24 U.S. metropolitan areas indicated that Ohio recorded some of the highest rates for heat-related deaths during the 1999 heat wave, with Cincinnati reporting 21 per million and Dayton reporting seven per million (CDC, unpublished data, 1999). This report describes four heat-related deaths representative of those that occurred in Cincinnati or Dayton during the 1999 heat wave, summarizes heat-related deaths in the United States during 1979-1997, describes risk factors associated with heat-related illness and death, and recommends preventive measures.     

International standards and international reference preparations: amphotericin B, vancomycin, capreomycin, cefalotin, demethylchlortetracycline, gentamycin, gramicidin S, kanamycin and kanamycin B, lincomycin, lymecycline, methacycline, paromomycin, rifamycin SV, ristocetin and ristocetin B, spiramycin, and triacetyloleandomycin

Each of the preparations described here was obtained and evaluated at the request of a WHO Expert Committee on Biological Standardization. Unless otherwise stated, a standard procedure was used to distribute the material into individual ampoules. The procedure was as follows. Upon receipt by the National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR), London, materials were stored temporarily in the dark at a temperature of -10°C or lower, and protected from moisture. At a convenient time they were brought back to room temperature, mixed, and distributed into individual neutral glass ampoules so that each ampoule contained 50-100 mg of powder. If it was known that the material was light-sensitive non-actinic glass ampoules were used. After exhaustive drying in vacuum over phosphorus(V) oxide, the ampoules were either constricted (up to 1963) or fitted with capillary leak plugs, dried for a further period under the same conditions, filled with dry nitrogen, and sealed by fusion of the glass. The total drying period varied from 8 to 38 days according to the nature of the material. After they had been tested for leaks, the ampoules were stored in the dark at -20°C.     

Zinc, copper, and magnesium and risks for all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular mortality

BACKGROUND: Experimental data suggest that zinc, copper, and magnesium are involved in carcinogenesis and atherogenesis. Few longitudinal studies have related these minerals to cancer or cardiovascular disease mortality in a population. METHODS: Data from the Paris Prospective Study 2, a cohort of 4035 men age 30-60 years at baseline, were used to assess the association between serum zinc, copper, and magnesium and all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular disease mortality. Serum mineral values measured at baseline were divided into quartiles and classified into low (1st quartile, referent group), medium (2nd-3rd quartiles), and high (4th quartile) values. During 18-year follow up, 339 deaths occurred, 176 as a result of cancer and 56 of cardiovascular origin. Relative risks (RRs) for each element were inferred using Cox's proportional hazard model after controlling for various potential confounders. RESULTS: High copper values (4th quartile) were associated with a 50% increase in RRs for all-cause deaths (RR = 1.5; 95% confidence interval = 1.1-2.1), a 40% increase for cancer mortality (1.4; 0.9-2.2), and a 30% increase for cardiovascular mortality (1.3; 0.6-2.8) compared with low values (1st quartile). High magnesium values were negatively related to mortality with a 40% decrease in RR for all-cause (0.6; 0.4-0.8) and cardiovascular deaths (0.6; 0.2-1.2) and by 50% for cancer deaths (0.5; 0.3-0.8). Additionally, subjects with a combination of low zinc and high copper values had synergistically increased all-cause (2.6; 1.4-5.0) and cancer (2.7; 1.0-7.3) mortality risks. Similarly, combined low zinc and high magnesium values were associated with decreased all-cause (0.2; 0.1-0.5) and cancer (0.2; 0.1-0.8) mortality risks. CONCLUSIONS: High serum copper, low serum magnesium, and concomitance of low serum zinc with high serum copper or low serum magnesium contribute to an increased mortality risk in middle-aged men.     

Psychological distress, gender, and health lifestyles in Belarus, Kazakhstan, Russia, and Ukraine

This paper examines the relationship between psychological distress, gender, and health lifestyles in Belarus, Kazakhstan, Russia, and Ukraine. These countries have been subjected to highly stressful and extensive social change associated with the transition out of communism. Data were collected by face-to-face interviews (n = 10,406) in November 2001. Distress was measured by 12 psychological distress symptoms. Health lifestyles focused on measures of alcohol consumption, smoking and diet. We found that females carried a much heavier burden of psychological distress than males, but this distress did not translate into greater alcohol consumption and smoking for these women or for men. The greatest influence of distress on health lifestyle practices was on daily diets in that both less distressed females and males consumed a more balanced diet than more distressed persons. Our findings suggest that it is the normative demands of a particular lifestyle, rather than distress, that principally shapes the pattern of heavy male drinking. This is an important finding as some sources indicate heavy drinking is largely responsible for the health crisis in the former socialist states.     

Dietary sodium, calcium, and potassium, and blood pressure

The cross-sectional association of systolic blood pressure with dietary sodium, calcium, and potassium, as estimated from dietary histories, was investigated by multiple regression analysis of data gathered in the Netherlands in the early 1950s in a general health examination of 2,291 middle-aged civil servants and spouses of civil servants. A statistically significant negative trend with systolic blood pressure was seen for calcium intake in both males and females, even after adjustments for covariates. For sodium and potassium intake, the observed negative trends were not significant after multivariate analyses. In addition, no consistent associations were found between diastolic blood pressure and the micronutrients after multivariate analyses, except for a significant negative association with calcium intake in females. In this study population, blood pressure was a strong independent risk factor of total mortality: 15- and 25-year mortality was about twice as high for hypertensives (greater than or equal to 160 mmHg) as for normotensives (less than 160 mmHg). These findings support the conclusion in recent epidemiologic studies that higher intakes of calcium are associated with lower systolic blood pressure, and they extend the evidence to an earlier time period.     

Professional and Consumer Publications, Programs, Audiovisuals, and Software

Books, curricula, audiovisuals, and other resources that nutrition professionals may use for reference, continuing education, or in a formal or informal education setting are designated “professional.” Books, handouts, diet plans, and other resources specified by authors as being written for general audiences are categorized as “consumer.” Inclusion of any material in this section does not imply endorsement by the Society for Nutrition Education. Evaluative comments contained in the reviews reflect the views of the authors. Prices quoted are those provided by the publishers at the time materials were submitted. They may no longer be current when the review is published.