胃粘膜活检标本端粒酶活性的检测

为探讨端粒酶活化在胃癌发生发展中的作用，本文采用ＴＲＡＰ法对７２例胃镜胃粘膜活检标本端粒酶活性进行检测，结果发现，胃癌端粒酶阳性率为８５．０％（１７／２０），萎缩性胃炎、肠上皮化生、异型增生及胃腺瘤性息肉端粒酶阳性率分别为２８．６％（１０／３５）、１６．７（１／６）、３３．３％（１／３）及１００％（２／２）。胃癌组织端粒酶阳性率与肿瘤部位、大体类型及组织学分类无明显相关。以上结果提示，胃粘膜活检标本端粒酶活性的检测对阐明胃癌的发生发展过程，胃粘膜癌变的预测及胃癌的早期诊断可能具有重要意义。     

改进TRAP-PCR检测端粒酶活性对早期胃癌的诊断

目的探索端粒酶活性早期诊断恶性实体瘤的新方法．方法通过胃癌组织的分离和肿瘤细胞系的培养，用改良ＴＲＡＰＰＣＲ方法，来检测其端粒酶的活性．结果胃癌组织及肿瘤细胞系的端粒酶总表达率９３％（２５／２７），其中细胞系ＭＫＮ２８，ＭＫＮ４５，ＨＨＣＬ，ＳＧＣ７９０１及Ｔｃａ８１１３均为阳性表达；胃癌远隔的正常粘膜标本表达率为０％（０／２０）；其中有２００个肿瘤细胞存在便可测得其端粒酶的活性．结论胃癌组织及肿瘤细胞系的端粒酶表达，具有很强的肿瘤特异性和较高的表达率；改进ＴＲＡＰＰＣＲ方法具有提高恶性实体瘤早期诊断的潜在价值     

端粒酶活性在原发性肝癌中的表达及临床意义

目的 探讨端粒酶活化在原发性肝癌发生发展中的作用。方法 采用端粒重复序列扩增技术（ＴＲＡＰ），对４２例手术切除的原发性肝细胞癌及癌旁组织的端粒酶活性进行检测。结果 ４２例肝癌组织有３４例检出端粒酶活性，阳性率为８１．０％。４２例癌旁组织有１２例检出端粒酶活性，阳性率为２８．６％。端粒酶活性与肿瘤大小、组织学分级及肿瘤转移无显著相关。结论 原发性肝癌组织端粒酶活性的检测对阐明原发性肝癌的发病机理，癌     

胃肠道粘膜下肿瘤端粒酶表达的意义

目的探讨胃肠道粘膜下肿瘤端粒酶活性表达的意义．方法采用ＴＲＡＰ法检测６例胃肠道粘膜下肿瘤（５例恶性淋巴瘤，１例平滑肌瘤）的端粒酶活性，同时对恶性肿瘤端粒酶提取物进行梯度稀释，以检测其活性大小．结果恶性淋巴瘤中５例中有４例端粒酶阳性，１例平滑肌瘤亦为阳性，６例瘤（癌）旁组织中，端粒酶２例阳性，余均为阴性．结论端粒酶不仅在胃肠道粘膜下恶性肿瘤表达，而且在胃肠道粘膜下良性肿瘤中亦可有阳性表达     

急性白血病细胞端粒酶活性与预后及多药耐药的关系

目的：研究急性白血病（ＡＬ）细胞内端粒酶活性与ＡＬ预后,分型及多药耐药（ｍｄｒ－１）基因表达的相关性。方法：用ＴＲＡＰ法和ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ法分别测定４４例ＡＬ细胞内端粒酶活性和ｍｄｒ－１基因的表达,结果：４４例ＡＬ患者的白血病细胞端粒酶阳性率为４３．２％,ｍｄｒ－１阳性率为４０．９％;端粒酶阳性者ＣＲ率为５７．６％,阴性者ＣＲ率为８８．０％（Ｐ〈０．０１）;端粒酶表达与ｍｄｒ－１未显示出一致性,但端粒     

端粒酶活性检测在良恶性腹水鉴别诊断中的价值

目的　检测腹水脱落细胞端粒酶活性,为临床鉴别诊断提供依据。方法　收集各种类型腹水脱落细胞,用ＴＲＡＰＰＣＲＥＬＩＳＡ 银染法检测腹水脱落细胞端粒酶活性。结果　肝硬化、结核性腹膜炎腹水脱落细胞不能检出端粒酶活性,而癌性腹水８５．２９％ 端粒酶阳性。结论　癌性腹水端粒酶阳性。端粒酶活性检测可作为临床良恶性腹水鉴别诊断依据之一。     

急性髓细胞白血病端粒酶活性及临床意义

目的：探讨端粒酶活性在急性髓细胞白血病（ＡＭＬ）发生中的作用。方法：采用端粒重复序列扩增文件酶标法（ＴＲＡＰ－ＥＬＩＳＡ）,对３２例ＡＭＬ和非恶性血液系统疾病骨髓细胞端粒酶活性检测。结果：端粒酶活性在初发ＡＭＬ患者高于非恶性血液系统疾病患者（Ｐ〈０．０１）,ＡＭＬ初发期患者高于完全缓解期患者（Ｐ〈０．０５）,端粒酶生与体内白血病细胞数之间无显著相关性。结论：端粒酶活性的观察有助于疗效的判断。     

端粒酶在胃粘膜活检组织中的表达及其与幽门螺杆菌关系的 …

目的：探讨幽门螺杆菌（ＨＰ）感染与端粒酶表达在胃癌发生发展中的意义。方法：采用ＴＲＡＰ－银染法对１００例胃粘膜活检标本进行端粒酶活性检测。结果：ＨＰ感染率在慢性浅表性胃炎、慢性萎缩性胃炎、肠上皮化生及胃腺癌中逐渐升高,且ＨＰ阳性胃癌组端粒酶阳性率（９３．８％）明显高于ＨＰ阴性组（５０．０％）（Ｐ〈０．０１）。结论：ＨＰ感染在胃癌变中有非常重要的生物学意义,端粒酶有可能成为胃癌早期诊断的理想标记物。     

结肠灌洗脱落细胞端粒酶活性诊断结肠癌的价值

目的端粒酶作为核糖核酸蛋白酶能使端粒延长而克服细胞衰老，与细胞永生和癌变密切相关，正常的躯体细胞无端粒酶活性，大多人类原发肿瘤均可探及端粒酶阳性．本研究旨在探讨结肠脱落细胞端粒酶检测对结肠癌的临床诊断价值．方法采用端粒重复序列扩增法（ＴＲＡＰ）检测１６例结肠癌外科手术新鲜标本、相邻的正常组织及其肠腔灌洗物，６例ＩＢＳ患者的结肠镜抽取物的端粒酶活性．结果结肠癌组织１６例，端粒酶强阳性１０例，弱阳性３例和阴性３例，阳性率为８１３％；结肠癌远端正常肠粘膜组织的端粒酶强阳性、弱阳性和阴性分别为０，２和１４例，阳性率为１２５％，两组Ｐ＜００１．结肠癌结肠灌洗液１６例中有５例端粒酶阳性，而６例ＩＢＳ结肠镜抽取液全部为端粒酶阴性，其诊断的敏感性和特异性分别为３１３％和１００％，阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为１００％和６４７％．结论结肠灌洗脱落细胞的端粒酶检测对结肠癌有良好的诊断价值．     

胃癌及癌前组织端粒状态的分析

目的　探讨不同胃粘膜病变端粒状态的变化规律。方法　采用Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ 杂交技术，检测３５ 例胃癌及相应的３３ 例癌旁和１９ 例手术切缘组织端粒限制性片段长度（ｔｅｌｏｍｅｒｉｃ ｒｅｓｔｒｉｃｔｉｏｎ ｆｒａｇｍｅｎｔＴＲＦ） 。结果　与癌旁和／或手术切缘组织比较，在３５ 例肿瘤组织中，ＴＲＦ缩短、无变化及延长分别占２０（５７．１％ ）、１２（３４．３ ％） 及３（７ ．６％ ） 例；进一步研究发现，由正常胃粘膜（Ｎ） →慢性萎缩性胃炎（ＣＡＧ）→肠上皮化生（ＩＭ）→异型增生（Ｄｙｓ） →胃癌（ＧＣ） 的发展过程中，ＴＲＦ有逐渐缩短的趋势，且ＧＣ 组ＴＲＦ长度明显短于Ｎ 及ＣＡＧ 组（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．０１） ；肿瘤组织ＴＲＦ与患者性别、肿瘤大小、分化程度、临床分期及端粒酶活性大小等临床病理指标无明显相关性，而与患者年龄有一定的关系。结论　由于受多种因素的影响，与肿瘤组织中端粒酶阳性率相比较，端粒限制性片段长度可能不宜作为衡量肿瘤生物学行为的一个良好的指标。     

Telomerase activity in gastric cancer and its clinical implications

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＴｈｅｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｏｆｃａｒｃｉｎｏｍａｒｅｓｕｌｔｓｆｒｏｍｍｕｌｔｉｐｌｅｉｎｄｅｐｅｎｄｅｎｔｇｅｎｅｔｉｃｃｈａｎｇｅｓｔｈａｔａｃｔｉｖａｔｅｐｒｏｔｏｏｎｃｏｇｅｎｅｓｏｒｉｎａｃｔｉｖａｔｅｔｈｅａｃ...     

Telomerase activity in gastric cancer

OBJECTIVE : To examine telomerase activity and its clinical significance in human gastric carcinoma and to evaluate the feasibility of non‐radioisotopic TRAP (telomeric repeat amplification protocol) assays to detect telomerase activity. METHODS : Telomerase activity in tissue samples from 58 gastric carcinomas (and their matched normal tissues), 12 gastric adenomas and nine gastric ulcers was examined by using a modified non‐ radioisotopic PCR (polymerase chain reaction)‐based TRAP assay. RESULTS : Forty‐nine of 58 gastric cancer specimens were positive for telomerase activity, with a positive rate of 84.5%. In contrast, none of the normal tissues exhibited telomerase activity (P < 0.001). One of each of the 12 gastric adenomas and nine gastric ulcers was also positive. The prevalence of telomerase activity in gastric carcinoma tissues was not correlated with age, tumor diameter, histological grade, tumor invasion depth, lymph node metastasis or tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage. CONCLUSIONS : Telomerase activity could be a good diagnostic marker for the detection of gastric carcinoma. The non‐radioisotopic TRAP assay is a feasible method for detecting telomerase activity.     

端粒酶在胃良恶性病变患者组织和外周血中的表达及其临床意义

目的测定胃癌、胃良性病变患者及正常人的胃组织、外周血中的端粒酶活性,以探讨端粒酶活性的表达及其在临床应用七的意义。方法应用TRAP-PCR-ELISA方法检测36例胃癌患者胃癌组织、外周血,30例胃良性病变患者胃黏膜、外周血,20例正常人胃黏膜、外周血中端粒酶的活性。结果胃癌组肿瘤组织和外周血中端粒酶阳性率分别为80．6％（29／36）、50％（18／36）。胃良性病变组胃黏膜组织和外周血中端粒酶阳性率分别为10％（3／30）、3％（1／30）。正常人胃黏膜组织和外周血中均未检测到端粒酶阳性。胃癌组中端粒酶活性与患者的性别、年龄、肿瘤大小、浸润深度、分化程度、淋巴转移和TNM分期等临床病理参数无明显相关性（P〉0．05）。结论端粒酶活性是判断良恶性肿瘤的一个重要指标,检测外周血中端粒酶活性有助于胃癌的早期诊断．对预后监控及治疗也有重要意义。     

Telomerase activity in thyroid malignancy.

Telomerase activity seems to play a role in the development and pathogenesis of thyroid carcinoma. Its incidence of expression and its application as a tumor marker remain to be elucidated. Thyroid tissues obtained during thyroidectomy from 1996-1998 were rapidly frozen and stored at -80 degrees C until processed. Telomerase activity was determined using telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP). Histology of the tissue examined (67 benign and 59 malignant) was reviewed. Telomerase activity was detected in 15 of 52 papillary carcinomas (29%); 1 of 1 thyroid lymphoma (100%); 1 of 2 anaplastic carcinomas (50%); and 2 of 16 lymphocytic thyroiditis specimens (13%). Telomerase activity was not detectable in 35 normal thyroid, 9 follicular adenoma, 7 nodular hyperplasia, 2 follicular carcinoma, and 2 medullary carcinoma. Lymphocytic thyroiditis was detected in 8 of 37 (22%) apparently normal thyroid tissues adjacent to papillary thyroid carcinoma and telomerase activity was present in 2 of these 8 specimens (25%). In conclusion, telomerase does not appear to be frequently activated in papillary thyroid carcinoma. The association of lymphocytic thyroiditis with papillary thyroid carcinoma may limit its clinical usefulness as a tumor marker.     

不同食管病变组织中端粒酶活性的测定

目的;探讨不同食管组织病变中端粒酶活性检测的意义及其与临床病理因素的关系。方法：采用TRAP－银染法,对38例食管癌组织、15例不典型增生组织及12例正常食管粘膜组织进行端粒酶活性检测。结果：38例食管癌组织中,32例端粒酶活性呈阳性,阳性检出率为84．21％;15例不典型增生组织中,9例端粒酶活性呈阳性（其中8例轻、中度不典型增生中4例呈阳性;7例重度不典型增生中5例呈阳性）,阳性检出率为60％：12例正常食管粘膜组织中,仅1例端粒酶活性呈阳性,其阳性检出率为8．33％。三组比较端粒酶活性检出率均存在显著性统计学差异。结论：端粒酶的激活在食管癌的发生发展中起着重要作用,其活性的检测有望成为预测食管癌发生及其诊断的良好指标。     

Detection of telomerase activity in biopsy samples of colorectal cancer

BACKGROUND: Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein that synthesizes telomeric DNA onto chromosomal ends. The expression of telomerase is thought to be required for cellular immortality and oncogenesis. METHODS: To investigate the role of telomerase in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer, we analysed telomerase activity in biopsy samples of colorectal cancer and colonic adenomas. Using a polymerase chain reaction-based assay, we examined telomerase activity in 52 samples of colorectal cancer, 12 colonic adenomas and 30 normal colonic mucosa samples obtained by endoscopic biopsy. RESULTS: Telomerase activity was detectable in 88.5% (46/52) of colorectal carcinomas, in 50% (6/12) of colonic adenomas but not in normal colorectal mucosa. There was no correlation between telomerase activity and tumour location, type, size and differentiation (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that telomerase activation plays a role in the evolution of colorectal cancer, and that measurement of telomerase activity in biopsied colorectal mucosa samples may provide information both as a diagnostic marker to detect small numbers of cancer cells, and as a screening method for patients at high risk for colorectal carcinoma.     

Correlation between expression of human telomerase subunits and telomerase activity in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

AIM: To investigate telomerase activity and hTERT, TP-1 expression and their relationships in esophageal squamouscell carcinoma (ESCC).METHODS: Telomerase activity was measured in 60 ESCCtissues using telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP)assay by silver staining. In situ hybridization was used for detecting hTERT and TP-lmRNA.RESULTS: The telomerase activity was detected in 83.3 % of ESCC tissues. The difference of telomerase activity was significant between well and poorly cancer differentiated lesions (P<0.05). The positive rate of telomerase activity was higher in patients with lymphatic metastasis than in patients without lymphatic metastasis. In cancer tissues hTERT mRNA expression was 75 % and TP-1 mRNA expression was 71.7 %. The expression of hTERT, TP-1 mRNA in well and poorly differentiated carcinoma was not significant. The expression of hTERT mRNA was correlated with telomerase activity, but TP-1 mRNA expression was not correlated with it.CONCLUSION: Telomerase activity and hTERT, TP-1 mRNA expression are up-regulated in ESCC. Telomerase activity in ESCC is correlated with lymphatic metastasis and cancer differentiation. Telomerase activity may be used as a prognostic marker in ESCC. hTERT mRNA expression is correlated with telomerase activity. Enhanced hTERT mRNA expression may initially comprehend the telomerase activity level, but it is less sensitive than TRAP assay.