血脂、血糖与血液流变相关性的探讨

目的 探讨血脂、血糖与血液流变的相关性.方法 对本院2 693例门诊及住院患者进行血脂、血糖、血液流变检测,根据全血黏度结果分为高黏组、正常组、低黏组.结果 血浆黏度、红细胞比容、血沉、胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白各组变化差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01);三酰甘油、血糖在高黏组与正常组,高黏组与低黏组差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01或P＜0.05).高密度脂蛋白各组差异无统计学意义.结论 血脂、血糖对血液流变指标有直接的影响.     

新生儿脐血与外周血早期血糖监测190例分析

目的探讨新生儿脐血血糖与新生儿外周血（足底血）血糖之间的关联性,为临床早期干预提供依据。方法选择100例妊娠期无并发症及合并症的正常妊娠分娩且新生儿Apgar评分≥8分的新生儿;90例“高危儿”病例作为对照,其中妊高征30例,早产儿30例,糖尿病30例。分娩时即时抽取脐静脉血送化验室查血糖、糖化血红蛋白,同时取脐血及新生儿足底血查快速血糖值。结果快速血糖值与化验室报告血糖值有一致性,脐血血糖与外周血血糖具有显著正相关性。正常妊娠分娩的新生儿中有5％比率的低血糖。结论为避免忽略正常新生儿中的低血糖患者,可用无创的脐血查快速血糖代替新生儿足底血血糖的测定,以减少对新生儿的损伤。     

1110名民航飞行员血尿酸与血脂血糖和血压的关系

目的探讨民航飞行员人群中高尿酸发病率及其与血脂、血糖和血压之间的相互关系及其临床意义。方法收集2009年12月至2010年12月1 100名民航飞行员的体检资料,用统计学方法分析其高血尿酸患病率特点及其与及其与血脂、血糖和血压之间的相互关系。结果在各年龄组中,高尿酸血症的分布呈现先高后低的规律,其峰值出现在36~40岁组占39.05%,且高尿酸组的高血脂患病率为37.12%、高血糖患病率为25.00%及高血压患病率为29.92%,均明显高于正常血尿酸组的13.24%、15.01%、16.08%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论民航飞行员年龄在36~40岁时,其血尿酸的水平最高,且高血尿酸与高血脂、高血糖及高血压呈正相关。应该注意防护。     

Patient-related blood drives

Ten patient-related blood drives were evaluated and compared to five other blood drives. The patient-related blood drives were easier to organize, more fruitful, and more satisfying for the donors and workers. The authors suggest a role for patient-related blood drives in the present recruitment system and discuss how hospitals and blood centers can coordinate their efforts to have this type of blood drive. Finally, it is suggested that patient-related blood drives can increase recruitment, especially in large metropolitan areas that suffer from chronic blood shortages.     

血站外无偿献血采血时问影响因素调查

目的了解血站外无偿献血采血时间的影响因素。方法对自愿参加无偿献血的2008人次采血200ml的采血时间予以记时。然后对超过3min者在性别、年龄、献血次数以及血型等方面与3min内的比较。结果性别对采血时间无影响;采血时间超过3min者,年龄越小比例越大;与献血的次数有显著性差异(P<0.01),初次献血的人比献血2次及以上的高出9.65个百分点;与各种血型有显著性差异(P<0.01),可能血型与人的性格有关,从而间接影响采血时间。结论针对影响采血时间的各种因素,采取相应的预防措施,缩短采血时间。     

Military walking blood bank and the civilian blood service

In most countries whole blood transfusions have been replaced by component therapy. This has allowed for both better usage of the blood donations and better quality during storage. While this strategy was initially motivated by the commercial need for plasma the plasma reduction also reduced the levels of low grade proteases and sialidase, hence minimizing the cellular storage lesion/microvesiculation during prolonged storage. Plasma reduction also reduces transfusion reactions associated with plasma. During special military conditions, however, blood transfusion is urgently needed without corresponding access to blood components, in particular platelets. Accordingly, new focus on whole blood has aroused and added a new challenge to the blood transfusion services. This special issue of "what is happening" highlights the planed efforts by Swedish and Norwegian groups in the developments of military walking blood bank, which is applicable to civil blood services.     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征伴血压升高患者血压、血糖及血脂控制情况

目的调查阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSAS)伴血压升高患者在不同状态下血压、血糖、血脂控制情况。方法对57例OSAS合并高血压或正常高值患者的血压、血糖、血脂控制水平进行调查和随访,并与患者住院时的血压、血糖、血脂数值进行比较分析。同时对行腭咽成形术治疗的高血压患者手术前后的血压控制情况进行分析。结果 (1)高血压组调查时收缩压(SBP),舒张压(DBP)与住院时SBP及DBP相比明显降低(P<0.05);空腹血糖(FBG)、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)调查时与住院时相比无差异(P>0.05)。(2)正常高值组调查时SBP、DBP、FBG、TC均较住院时增高(P<0.05);调查时TG与住院时相比无差异(P>0.05)。(3)合并高血压且行OSAS手术治疗的患者手术后SBP、DBP与手术前SBP、DBP比较明显降低(P<0.05)。结论 OSAS合并高血压患者出院后血压得到控制,但血糖和血脂有增高趋势;血压正常高值患者出院后血压、血糖、血脂均有增高趋势;OSAS伴高血压患者手术后血压水平得到改善。     

无偿献血血液检测结果分析

自《中华人民共和国献血法》颁布实施十年时间以来,济南市无偿献血工作逐年快速发展,自2000年起已经实现全市临床用血100%来自无偿献血.根据《血站管理办法》、《血站质量管理规范》、《血站实验室质量管理规范》和《献血者健康检查要求》对无偿献血者的血液进行严格的检测,是保证血液质量、有效杜绝经血传播疾病发生的根本和首要措施.为详细了解我市无偿献血者传染性指标构成情况,并进一步探讨减少血液浪费的对策,我们对近5年来的无偿献血者血液检测结果进行了统计分析,现报告如下.     

局部枸橼酸钠抗凝-连续性血液净化治疗中血液透析管路采血代替血管采血的可行性研究

目的探讨局部枸橼酸钠抗凝-连续性血液净化(RCA-CBP)治疗过程中血透管路采血代替血管采血行电解质及血气监测的可行性,以减少危重症患者CBP过程中频繁采血带来的创伤和痛苦。方法选择2016年1月—2019年2月急诊重症监护室接受RCA-CBP治疗的89例患者为研究对象,采用自身对照法,经患者动脉和血液透析管路同时采集血标本,比较2处血标本电解质、血气检测结果的差异。结果采集血标本共400例,电解质及血气分析结果显示,2组血钙、血钠、血氯、血糖、pH值、乳酸、HCO 3-及碱剩余(BE)差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。管路采血组的血钾和CO 2分压(PCO 2)高于动脉采血组[(3.91±0.34)mmol/L vs.(3.56±0.40)mmol/L,P<0.01;(44.95±9.40)mm Hg vs.(36.85±9.34)mm Hg,P<0.01]。结论RCA-CBP治疗时,正确的血液透析管路采血可以代替血管采血进行血钙、血钠、血钾、HCO 3-等指标的监测,但需注意动静脉血钾的差异。     

即时检验血糖仪检测指尖血及静脉全血的血糖结果比对分析

目的探讨指尖毛细血管血及抗凝静脉全血在即时检验(POCT)血糖仪检测结果的可行性。方法分别采取指尖血及静脉血22例,用POCT血糖仪检测血糖,同时在生化分析仪上检测血浆葡萄糖,对两部位血样检测结果与生化分析仪检测结果的偏倚程度进行比对。结果两部位血样POCT血糖仪检测结果与生化分析仪检测结果比对均为负偏倚,偏倚范围最低为-1.5%,最高为-13.9%,均未大于20%;静脉全血血糖偏倚比指尖血血糖偏倚程度高,两偏倚比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论无论采用指尖血还是静脉全血,其POCT结果都可以接受,但采用指尖血样其检测结果更接近血浆葡萄糖。     

Awareness of blood group and blood donation among medical students

Background

Transfusion of blood-derived products is often used as a life-saving treatment, and being a blood donor should be common, especially among medical professionals. Thus, an awareness of one’s own blood type in medical students should be common. Our aim was to assess if students of the Medical University of Warsaw know their blood type and how many of them are registered blood donors.

Autologous blood donation

Although preoperative autologous blood donation is employed in elective surgery, this is declining because of the increasingly safe allogeneic blood supply. However, it continues to be used because of the public's perception of allogeneic blood risks and increasing blood shortages. Patients may donate a unit of blood (450 +/- 45 ml) as often as twice weekly, up to 72 hours before surgery. Preoperative autologous blood is most beneficial in procedures that cause significant blood loss. It has been determined that preoperative autologous blood donation is poorly cost-effective; the use of this procedure must be based on evidence that it is safe and of value for the patient.     

The impact of blood campaigns using mobile blood collection drives on blood supply management during the COVID-19 pandemic

Background and objectivesBlood transfusion is a lifesaving procedure for transfusion-dependent patients. Therefore, maintaining blood supply is extremely crucial. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has negatively affected blood supply by affecting donor attendance. This study aimed to investigate blood supply and demand during the pandemic and demonstrate the positive impact of blood donation campaigns through mobile blood drives.Materials and methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted based on data of the blood bank at Prince Muhammad bin Nasser Hospital (PMBNH) in southwestern Saudi Arabia. Data on the attendance of blood donors at PMBNH were retrieved and retrospectively reviewed to assess the impact of mobile blood drives during the COVID-19 pandemic.ResultsBlood supply and donor attendance during the COVID-19 pandemic dropped by 17.32 %. However, blood supply increased between March and May 2020 due to national blood donation campaigns conducted through mobile blood drives. The drop in blood supply after 3 months of mobile blood drives significantly decreased to 0.17 % (P < 0.01). This means the blood supply was increased as follows; (March 2020 = 32.67 %, April 2020 = 45.54 %, and May 2020 = 19.47 %). On the other hand, blood demand decreased by 12.83 %.ConclusionThis study demonstrated the significant impact of establishing blood donation campaigns through mobile blood drives. Our results showed that the strategy can contribute to sufficient blood units to patients during pandemics and emergencies.     

全自动血细胞分析仪与血细胞形态学检验在血常规检验中的应用价值

目的比较全自动血细胞分析仪和血细胞形态学检验在血常规检验中的应用价值。方法选择2019年6月至2019年7月在本院进行血常规检验的3 000例患者为研究对象,将所有患者的样本均分为A、B两份,分别采用全自动血细胞分析仪和全自动血细胞形态学数字图像分析仪检查。以人工显微镜检查结果作为金标准,比较两种检验方式的白细胞异常检测结果。结果 A组检测结果显示,3 000例患者样本的阳性率为3.67%,灵敏度为90.99%,特异度为99.69%;B组检测结果显示,3 000例患者样本的阳性率为3.67%,灵敏度为97.30%,特异度为99.93%。B组检测的灵敏度高于A组(P<0.05)。结论全自动血细胞形态学数字图像分析仪在白细胞异常检测中的灵敏度高于全自动血细胞分析仪,具有效率高、速度快的优势,但仍不能替代人工镜检。     

Increased peak blood velocity in association with elevated blood pressure

To test the hypothesis that peak blood velocity in the common carotid artery is increased in association with elevated blood pressure, the authors measured peak common carotid blood velocity in 458 subjects by color Doppler ultrasonography. Blood pressure was measured at the time of ultrasound examination by automated sphygmomanometer. Peak blood velocity was increased in subjects with elevated blood pressure (right common carotid: 72.5 ± 2.0 cm/s vs. 62.7 ± 2.5 cm/s, left common carotid: 72.0 ± 1.8 cm/s vs. 63.9 ± 2.0 cm/s, p < 0.001). Peak blood velocity was significantly correlated with systolic blood pressures between 135 and 160 mmHg (r = 0.47 in right common carotid, 0.45 in left common carotid, n = 123, p < 0.001). No correlation was found between peak blood velocity and blood pressures less than 135 mmHg or greater than 160 mmHg. By increasing erythrocyte momentum, increased peak blood velocity may play a role in the pathogenesis of arterial diseases associated with hypertension.     

Importance of blood groups and blood group antibodies in companion animals

Dogs, cats, birds, and ferrets are popular companion animals. Because these pets are considered by many to be family members, they are provided high-quality veterinary medical care, including blood transfusions. This article reviews the current status of blood groups in dogs, cats, birds, and ferrets and discusses the impact of blood groups on veterinary transfusion medicine. One blood group with 3 types has been described in the cat, whereas multiple blood groups have been described in the dog. Only rudimentary knowledge exists regarding pet bird blood groups, and, to date, the ferret appears to be unique because no blood groups have been described. Antibodies against blood group antigens also play a role in animal blood transfusions. Cats have naturally occurring alloantibodies; however, dogs do not appear to have clinically significant naturally occurring alloantibodies. Understanding the issues related to blood groups and blood group antibodies in companion animals will also benefit those using these species as research models for human diseases.     

三种仪器检测血糖的对比分析

目的 研究利用血气分析仪与便携式血糖仪以及全自动生化分析仪测定血糖的相关性与偏倚,并探讨其差异.方法 分别用GEM Premier3000血气分析仪、罗氏罗康全型便携式血糖仪及日立7080全自动生化分析仪对40例患者的动脉血液标本进行血糖浓度的检测,对检测结果做统计学处理,观察三者结果差异有无统计学意义,并分析原因.结果 GEM Premier3000血气分析仪、罗氏罗康全型血糖仪与日立7080生化仪测定值间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 同一实验室的检测系统应进行方法学对比和结果偏差评估,从而判断其临床可接受性,以保证检验结果的可比性.     

血型自动化检测在血站血型定型中的应用

目的 探讨分析全自动血型检测系统在血站血型检测中应用的可行性.方法 使用Microlab Star 8CH全自动加样系统加样、AK03A全自动数字血型分析仪判读,组成血型全自动化检测系统检测1487份无偿献血者的ABO和Rh血型,从血型判读的符合率、混合血清样本倍比稀释后反定型检测灵敏度、溶血及脂血干扰试验4个方面进行分析.结果 全自动血型检测系统血型判读符合率达99.7％;混合血清小于或等于1∶64的稀释度反定型检测准确度达100.0％,脂血和溶血标本对检测结果无影响.结论 全自动血型检测技术具有较高的准确度,实现了血型检测标准化、自动化,适用于血站血型的批量检测.     

人工血管材料生物相容性和血液相容性的研究与分析

背景:随着生物医学工程学和生物材料学的发展,人工血管的研究得到广泛的应用,人工血管材料得到不断更新,如何提高血管的通畅性和人工血管材料的相容性是在近年来人工血管研究的重点。目的:利用CNKI数据库文献检索和深度分析功能,对于人工血管材料学研究的文献资料趋势进行多层次探讨分析。设计:文献计量学分析。资料提取:以电子检索方式对CNKI数据库2002-01/2011-12有关人工血管材料学研究的文献进行分析,采用检索词为"人工血管(Artificialbloodvessels);生物材料(Biomaterials)",对检索的相关文献运用数据库中自带的分析功能和Excel软件绘制图表的功能进行分析,通过文字和图表的形式将统计和计量数据分析,描述其分布特征。入选标准:纳入标准:①与人工血管材料相关的基础研究论文。②与人工血管材料临床应用相关的论文。排除标准:①与文章目的无关的文献。②重复研究的文献。③刊社信息。④未发表的文章。⑤需电话追踪和手工检索逐一分析的文章。⑥年鉴。主要数据判定指标:以CNKI数据库学术期刊文献出版时间、文献数量、学科类别、研究机构、来源期刊、文献被引频次、文献下载频次、关联文献、作者分布、基金资助情况和主要关键词进行相关分析。并对CNKI数据库中博士学位论文、优秀硕士学位论文、专利技术和重要会议论文进行分析。结果:在CNKI数据库学术期刊收录2002/2011的文献中,共检索到122篇与人工血管材料学研究相关的文献。文献数量产出趋于上升趋势,2008年文献产出数量最多共17篇;《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》杂志发表文献量最多为27篇,占全部文献的22.1%;人工血管材料学研究基金资助以国家自然科学基金项目为主,共发表文献30篇;人工血管材料学研究以聚氨酯的研究为主,突出材料学生物相容性和血液相容性的研究。结论:通过文献计量学方法对CNKI数据库学术期刊关于人工血管材料的文献进行分析,可为中国从事人工血管材料学基础研究和临床实施的医务工作者进一步确定科研思路提供有价值的参考。     

不同生活环境藏汉两族血压、血糖、血尿酸和血脂水平比较

目的 探讨不同生活环境藏汉族血压、血糖、血尿酸和血脂水平的差异,为高血压、高血糖、高尿酸血症和高脂血症的预防提供研究资料.方法 144例被调查者为牧区藏族、城镇藏族、城镇汉族人群,测定被调查者收缩压、舒张压、血糖、血尿酸、血脂,对检测结果进行比较.结果 城镇藏族男性组和城镇汉族男性组舒张压高于牧区藏族男性组(79.74±12.71)mmHg和(77.98±10.67)mmHg vs(67.52±11.88)mmHg(P<0.05或<0.01);城镇藏族女性组的舒张压高于牧区藏族女性组,(76.43±11.07)mmHg vs(68.00±8.98)mmHg(P<0.05);城镇汉族男性组的血尿酸高于牧区藏族男性组和城镇藏族男性组,(379.31±87.01)/μmol/L vs(328.57±48.19)μmol/L和(311.91±71.17)μmol/L(P<0.05或<0.01),牧区藏族男性组、城镇藏族男性组和城镇汉族男性组的尿酸均高于各纽的女性,(328.57±48.19)μmol/L vs(211.79±57.51)μmol/L、(311.91±71.17)μmol/L vs(214.86±53.34)μmol/L vs(379.31±87.01)μmol/L vs(220.67±66.40)μmol/L(均P<0.01);城镇汉族男性组的TG均高于牧区藏族男性组和城镇藏族男性组,(2.22±1.29)mmol/L vs(1.18±0.05)mmol/L和(1.38±0.97)mmol/L vs(P<0.05或<0.01),城镇汉族男性组TG高于城镇汉族女性组,(2.22±1.29)mmol/L vs(1.38±1.02)mmol/L(P<0.05).城镇藏族男性组LDL-C高于牧区藏族男性组和城镇汉族男性组(2.46±0.88)mmol/L vs(1.85±0.88)mmol/L和(1.97±0.84)mmol/L(均P<0.01).结论 不同生活环境对藏汉两族舒张压、血尿酸、TG及LDL-C水平存在显著影响.