髋臼内陷症的全髋关节置换术

目的 探讨全髋关节置换术治疗髋臼内陷症的手术操作方法和临床疗效.方法 2003年6月至2008年5月,采用全髋关节置换术治疗髋臼内陷症31例35髋,男16例18髋,女15例17髋;年龄36～71岁,平均52.2岁.手术均采用后外侧入路,股骨头取出困难时采用逆行取出法,分别处理髋臼环和髋臼底,取自体松质颗粒骨修复骨缺损,采用压配方式植入非骨水泥型全髋关节假体.术后1、3、6、12个月门诊随访,以后每年随访1次,随访时采用Harris髋关节评分评估髋关节功能,摄X线片观察假体是否有松动和再次内陷,植骨是否愈合.结果 全部病例随访19～152个月,平均46.5个月.1例患者术后第2天出现右下肢深静脉血栓,经抗凝处理后痊愈;1例术后2个月出现轻度大腿痛,无特殊处理,术后6个月消失,无其他并发症发生.术前Harris髋关节评分平均(48.9±6.5)分,末次随访增至平均(91.2±5.7)分,较术前平均改善42.3分.X线片显示所有假体均获得骨性稳定,无松动和再次内陷,术后平均6个月植骨愈合.结论 对于内陷髋臼,采用不同于普通全髋关节置换的手术技术,外移髋臼至旋转中心,用植骨修复骨缺损,选择非骨水泥型假体重建髋臼,可获得较好的临床效果,髋臼松动和再次内陷发生率低.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the clinical outcome of total hip arthroplasty (THA) for protrusio acetabuli. Methods Between 2003 to 2008, 31 patients(35 hips) with protrusio acetabuli were treated with THA, including 16 males (18 hips) and 15 females (17 hips). The age ranged from 36 to 71 years (average age 52.2 years). The femoral heads were moved out with retrograde method when necessary via posterior-lateral hip incision. The acetabular loops and bottoms were prepared respectively. Auto-bone grafting was used to repair acetabular defects and cementless prostheses were planted with press-fit skills. At follow-up visit,the hip functions were evaluated by Harris score. The loosening, re-protrusion and the union of graft bone was judged by X-ray. Results The mean follow-up was 46.5 months (19-152 months). One patient developed DVT on the second day post-operatively who recovered well after anticoagulation treatment. One patient complained of gentle thigh pain which disappeared at 6 months. No other complication was found. The mean Harris scores had improved from 48.9±6.5 pre-operatively to 91.2±5.7 post-operatively. All prostheses acquired bone stabilization with no sign of loosening and re-protrusion and the grafts bone were healed at a mean 6 months according to X-ray. Conclusion THA with acetabular bone grafting and cementless component for protrusio acetabuli have acquired excellent results and prevented loosening and re-protrusio effectively.     

Clinical observation of particulate cancellous bone impaction grafting in combination with total hip arthroplasty for acetabular reconstruction

Objective： To investigate the effect of particulate cancellous bone impaction grafting in combination with total hip arthroplasty （THA） for acetabular reconstruction in patients with posttraumatic arthritis and bone loss after acetabular fractures.
Methods： Totally 15 consecutive cases with unilateral acetabular fracture were treated with bone impaction grafting in combination with THA in our department. There were 10 males and 5 females with mean age of 48.2 years （ranging from 36 to 73 years）. Eight cases had the fracture at left hips, 7 at right hips. The average age at injury was 28 years （ranging from 18 to 68 years）. The mean follow-up period was 4.3 years （ranging from 2 to 7 years）. Results： Compared with mean 42 points （ranging from 10 to 62） of the preoperative Harris score, the survival cases at the final follow-up had mean 84 points （ranging from 58 to 98）. One patient had mild pain in the hip. No revision of the acetabular or femoral component was undertaken during the follow-up. Normal rotational centre of most hips was recovered except 2 cases in which it was 0.8 mm higher than that in opposite side. All of them had a stable radiographic appearance. Progressive radiolucent lines were observed in Ⅰ,Ⅲ zones in 2 cases. One patient had a nonprogressive radiolucent line in zone Ⅲ. The cup prosthesis was obviously displaced （6 mm） in one patient, but had not been revised.
Conclusion： Particulate cancellous bone impaction grafting in combination with THA as a biological solution is an attractive procedure for acetabular reconstruction in patients with posttraumatic arthritis and bone loss after acetabular fracture, which can not only restore acetabular bone stock but also repair normal hip anatomy and its function.     

应用锥形沟槽式股骨组配柄假体行全髋关节翻修术的中期疗效

目的 探讨应用锥形沟槽设计的股骨组配柄假体行全髋关节股骨侧假体翻修术的中期疗效.方法 2000年5月至2005年8月采用锥形沟槽式股骨组配柄假体行全髋关节翻修术19例,男6例,女13例;年龄47～86岁,平均67岁.单髋17例,双髋2例.术前诊断均为股骨柄和臼杯假体无菌性松动合并股骨侧骨缺损,按Paprosky标准诊断为Ⅱ型缺损4髋,Ⅲa型缺损14髋,Ⅲb型缺损3髋.股骨侧翻修均采用锥形沟槽式股骨组配柄假体(Lima-Lto,意大利),髋臼侧均采用SPH臼杯假体(LimaLto,意大利)行生物学固定.关节头臼界面采用陶瓷-陶瓷组合17髋,金属-聚乙烯组合4髋.结果 全部病例随访5～10年,平均7年.Harris髋关节评分由术前平均(46.2±15.2)分改善至翻修术后半年平均(90.3±5.3)分,末次随访平均(92.2±3.5)分.X线片显示翻修柄获广泛骨长入骨性固定者20髋(95%,20/21),纤维性稳定者1髋(5%,1/21).假体下沉0～10 mm,平均2.4 mm.随访期间无一例因假体松动或其他原因需行再次翻修.结论 采用锥形沟槽式股骨组配柄假体行伴有PaproskyⅡ型、Ⅲa和Ⅲb型骨缺损的股骨侧假体翻修术,可获得理想的初始稳定和永久生物学固定,中期随访疗效满意.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the midterm results of the revision total hip replacement with a fluted and tapered modular stem. Methods Nineteen patients (21 hips) underwent revision total hip arthroplasty from May 2000 to August 2005 were reviewed. There were 13 females and 6 males, with an average age of 67 years. Pre-revision diagnosis included aseptic loosening of the cups and stems associated with femoral defects (Paprosky classification) type Ⅱ 4 hips (19%), type Ⅲa 14 hips (67%), and type Ⅲb 3 hips (14%). The adopted acetabular component was SPH (Lima-Lto, Italy), and femoral component was a fluted and tapered modular stem (Lima-Lto, Italy). Clinical and radiographic evaluations were performed postoperatively. Results The mean follow-up was 7 years (range, 5-10). The Harris hip score improved from 46.2±15.2 preoperatively to 90.3±5.3 postoperatively, and maintain 92.2±3.5 at the latest follow-up. The X-ray films showed bone ingrowths fixation in 20 hips (95%) and fibrous stable fixation in 1 hip (5%). The average stem subsidence was 2.4 mm (range, 0-10 mm). There were no re-revisions of the femoral stem for any reason. Conclusion The midterm results of revision total hip replacement with a fluted and tapered modular stem in Paprosky type Ⅱ, Ⅲ a, Ⅲ b femoral defect associated aseptic loosening of the femoral stem was encouraging.     

大直径股骨头金属对金属全髋关节置换术的近期临床疗效

目的 评价大直径股骨头(大头)金属对金属全髋关节置换术治疗晚期髋关节疾病的近期疗效,回顾性分析影响该类全髋关节置换术临床疗效的因素.方法 对2007年10月至12月,采用大头金属对金属全髋关节置换术治疗晚期髋关节疾病患者41例(49髋)进行术后随访.临床评估以Harris评分为标准,记录患髋的活动范围及并发症发生情况.影像学评估根据随访骨盆X线片及患髋正、侧位X线片,测量髋臼外展角、前倾角,记录髋臼和股骨假体周围透亮线和骨溶解情况.结果 截至随访终点,共39例(47髋)获得2年以上随访,平均随访25个月,随访率为95.1%.Harris评分由术前的(43.8±13.1)分提高到末次随访时的(92.0±5.4)分.患髋活动度较术前明显改善,术后3个月屈髋由79.8°增加至110.2°,外展由20.9°增加至38.3°,外旋由12.0°增加至26.0°;术后2年屈髋平均可达113.2°,外展可达40.2°,外旋可达30.8°.术后患者轻度跛行3例,大腿不适2例,所有患者均无感染、假体周围骨折、术后假体松动或脱位、术后异位骨化发生.X线片显示:关节假体位置正常,髋臼假体外展角为39.5°±4.9°,前倾角为14.5°±2.1°,髋臼未见松动、移位.术后均未发现透亮线和假体周围骨溶解.结论 大头金属对金属全髋关节置换术治疗髋关节疾病具有良好的近期疗效,特别适用于活动量大、预期寿命较长的年轻患者.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate clinical and radiographic outcomes associated with total hip arthroplasty (THA) using metal-on-metal prosthesis with large diameter femoral head.Methods From October 2007 to December 2007,41 patients (49 hips) underwent large diameter femoral head metal-on-metal THA in our hospital were involved in this study.Clinical outcomes measures were Harris score,hip range of motion and incidence of complications.Abduction angle and anteversion angle of cup were measured on radiological films.The radiolucent line and osteolysis around the prosthesis were also recorded.Results Thirty-nine patients (47 hips) were followed up at least 2 years.The average Harris hip score had improved from (43.8±13.1) points preoperatively to (92.0±5.4) points at final follow-up.All the patients had attained satisfactory results.No late complication happened.For the rang of motion at final follow-up:flexion of the hip had improved from 79.8° to 113.2°,abduction had improved from 20.9° to 40.2°,external rotation had improved from 12.0° to 30.8°.Radiological measurement showed the mean abduction angle of cup was 39.5°±4.9°,the mean anteversion angle of cup was 14.5°±2.1°.No radiolucent line and osteolysis were found after THA.Conclusion The short-term effects of THA using metal-on-metal prosthesis with large diameter femoral head is encouraging,especially for young patients.     

双锥面螺旋臼固定治疗髋关节中心性脱位的中长期临床效果分析

目的 探讨使用双锥面螺旋臼假体固定髋关节中心性脱位病例的长期临床效果.方法 1998年5月至2006年9月北京大学人民医院关节病诊疗研究中心对31例髋关节中心性脱位患者的39侧髋关节行人工全髋关节置换术或翻修术,其中男性12例,女性19例.手术时平均年龄为57.6岁(30～82岁).引起髋关节中心性脱位的病因包括:类风湿关节炎3例6髋;股骨头坏死继发髋关节炎7例12髋,人工股骨头置换术后髋臼磨损11例11髋、髋臼假体松动10例10髋.术中髋臼部分均使用双锥面螺旋臼进行生物学固定.术前Harris评分平均为31.0分(14～61分).结果 所有病例均在术后6个月、1年时随访,2例3髋患者分别因肺癌、急性心肌梗死死亡.24例31髋获得随访,平均随访时间7.4年(5.0～11.5年).末次随访时Harris评分平均为84.7分(70～95分).1例股骨头坏死行双髋同时置换患者术后右髋出现感染,行关节取出骨水泥旷置术,但因内科疾病不稳定未再行翻修术.1例类风湿关节炎患者双髋关节分期手术,术后7年随访时左侧髋臼假体有内侧轻度移位,边缘有透亮线,但患者日常功能好,无疼痛.其余所有病例双锥面螺旋臼假体全部存留,患者日常生活功能良好,对手术效果满意.结论 髋关节中心性脱位使用双锥面螺旋臼的固定效果确切,平均超过7.4年的中长期随访结果显示效果良好.

Abstract：

Objective To discuss long-term clinical results of using Zweymüller cup to treat protrusio acetabuli. Methods From May 1998 to September 2006, 31 patients with 39 hips diagnosed protrusio acetabuli were treated with Zweymtüller cup in total hip arthroplasties or revisions. There were 12 men and 19 women with average age of 57.6 years (from 30 to 82 years). The reasons causing protrusio acetabuli were as followed: rheumatoid arthritis 3 cases 6 hips, osteoarthritis followed femoral head necrosis 7 cases 12 hips, acetabular wear after hemi-arthroplasty 11 cases 11 hips and acetabular component Results All cases were followed up 6 months and one year after operations. Two patients with 3 hips were died for lung cancer and acute myocardial infarction respectively. Twenty-four cases with 31 hips got recent follow-up with average 7. 4 years (from 5.0 to 11.5 years). The average Harris score improved from 31.0 (from 14 to 61) preoperatively to 84. 7(from 70 to 95) postoperatively. There was one infection in right hip after bilateral hip arthroplasty treating by removel prosthesis and cement spacer insert. But until now this patient still did not get revision for her internal medicine. One rheumatoid arthritis patient with two-stage bilateral hip arthroplasty was found slight internal migration and loosening line of left acetabular component,but the patient had no pain with good hip function. All other cases had good hip functions and were very fixations and perfect medium and long-term clinical results for over 7.4 years.     

改良Sutherland截骨术治疗成人髋关节发育不良

目的 探讨改良Sutherland骨盆截骨术治疗成人髋关节发育不良的临床疗效.方法 2002年7月至2008年8月应用改良Sutherland骨盆截骨术治疗10例(11髋)髋关节发育不良患者,男性3例3髋,女性7例8髋;平均年龄(32±8)岁.术中利用关节镜清理卵圆窝增生组织,修整代偿性肥厚的盂唇,确保股骨头与重新截骨定位的髋臼良好匹配.比较术前与术后的患髋影像学指标.比较术前与术后Harris及SF-12评分,了解患髋功能及患者生存质量的改变.结果 全部患者随访(5.2±2.3)年,截骨处均在3个月内骨性愈合.头臼指数术前71±8,术后86 ±4;中心边缘角术前(7±9)°,术后(33±9)°;Sharp角术前(48±4)°,术后(37±5)°;臼顶倾斜角术前(24 ±8)°;术后(11±5)°;Harris评分术前42±13,术后90±5,优良率100%;手术前后比较差异均有统计学意义.SF-12中有关生存质量的8项评价术后均有不同程度的提高,躯体健康状况较精神健康状况提高明显.手术前后患髋影像学指标、Harris及SF-12评分差异均有统计学意义(P值均＜0.05).结论 改良Sutherland骨盆截骨术疗效确切,不仅改善了患者的生理功能,而且促进了患者心理、社会和自身健康感受等各方面的健康状况.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the clinical results of modified Sutherland pelvic osteotomy for developmental dysplasia of hip(DDH).Methods Sutherland pelvic osteotomy were performed in 10 patients(11 hips)with DDH.Among them,there were 3 male(3 hips)and 7 female(8 hips)patients,aged(32 ± 8)years.During operation,arthroscopes were performed additionally to remove the existing hyperplasia tissue in the fossae ovalis and trimming acetabulum and glenoid labrum,thus to insure the better match between the femoral head and the realigned acetabulum.The change of imaging indexes were acquired by comparing the preoperative X-ray with the postoperative X-ray.The change of hip function and life quality were acknowledged according to contrast and analysis Harris hip score and Short Form 12-items Health Survey(SF-12)before and after osteotomy.Results All patients were followed up for a mean of(5.2 ±2.3)years,the osteotomy were all unioned in 3 months.The acetabular head index was 71 ± 8 before operation,and 86 ± 4 after operation.The pre-and post-operative centre edge angle were(7 ± 9)° and (33±9)°,sharp angle were(48±4)° and(37±5)°,acetabular index angle were(24±8)° and(11 ±5)° respectively.The average Harris score improved from 42 ± 13 preoperatively to 90 ±5 postoperatively,with 100% excellent and good results.Every domains of SF-12 was improved in the different extents postoperatively,the improvement of physical component summary was more conspicuous than mental component summary.The imaging indexes,Harris and SF-12 were all improved with significant difference (all P＜0.05).Conclusions The modified Sutherland pelvic osteotomy is effective.It could increase the load bearing capacity of hip,and improve the quality of life.     

全髋关节置换术治疗强直性脊柱炎致髋关节强直的疗效及康复锻炼的意义

Objective To investigate the clinical effects of total hip arthroplasty (THA) for bony ankylosis in patients with ankylosing spondylitis and the significance of postoperative rehabilitation. Meth-ods From October 1998 to May 2007, 28 patients (46 hips) suffered from ankylosing spondylitis with hip bony ankylosis underwent THA. There were 27 males, 1 female, with the mean age of 38.9 years (range 22 to 58 years). Posterior lateral hip incision was performed in 34 hips, and modified anterior lateral combined with lateral hip incision in 12 hips. Forty hips applied cementless THA and 6 hips applied mixed THA. Har-ris scores, VAS scores and total hip range of motion in all patients were compared pre-and postoperatively to evaluate the clinical effects. Results All patients were followed up from 10 months to 64 months, with the mean time of 38.2 months. No paralysis, decubitus, and lung infection were found. Joint dislocation hap-pened in 1 case 2 weeks after operation, and was cured with close reduction. Heterotopic bone formation with Brooker Ⅰ was found in 6 hips and Brooker Ⅱ in 2 hips. Harris score increased from 28.3±10.3 preop-eratively to 82.7±7.6 postoperatively. VAS score changed from 3.5±1.4 preoperatively to 3.8±1.8 postopera-tively, and no significance was found. The hip movement range increased from 15.6°±9.3° preoperatively to 133.7°±17.6° postoperatively. Bony ankylosis in all patients disappeared and the hip function improved sig-nificantly after operation. Conclusion THA is the optimal method to treat the ankylosing spondylitis with hip bony ankylosis. Early rehabilitation is necessary to improve hip function.     

全髋关节置换术治疗强直性脊柱炎致髋关节强直的疗效及康复锻炼的意义

Objective To investigate the clinical effects of total hip arthroplasty (THA) for bony ankylosis in patients with ankylosing spondylitis and the significance of postoperative rehabilitation. Meth-ods From October 1998 to May 2007, 28 patients (46 hips) suffered from ankylosing spondylitis with hip bony ankylosis underwent THA. There were 27 males, 1 female, with the mean age of 38.9 years (range 22 to 58 years). Posterior lateral hip incision was performed in 34 hips, and modified anterior lateral combined with lateral hip incision in 12 hips. Forty hips applied cementless THA and 6 hips applied mixed THA. Har-ris scores, VAS scores and total hip range of motion in all patients were compared pre-and postoperatively to evaluate the clinical effects. Results All patients were followed up from 10 months to 64 months, with the mean time of 38.2 months. No paralysis, decubitus, and lung infection were found. Joint dislocation hap-pened in 1 case 2 weeks after operation, and was cured with close reduction. Heterotopic bone formation with Brooker Ⅰ was found in 6 hips and Brooker Ⅱ in 2 hips. Harris score increased from 28.3±10.3 preop-eratively to 82.7±7.6 postoperatively. VAS score changed from 3.5±1.4 preoperatively to 3.8±1.8 postopera-tively, and no significance was found. The hip movement range increased from 15.6°±9.3° preoperatively to 133.7°±17.6° postoperatively. Bony ankylosis in all patients disappeared and the hip function improved sig-nificantly after operation. Conclusion THA is the optimal method to treat the ankylosing spondylitis with hip bony ankylosis. Early rehabilitation is necessary to improve hip function.     

全髋关节置换术治疗强直性脊柱炎致髋关节强直的疗效及康复锻炼的意义

Objective To investigate the clinical effects of total hip arthroplasty (THA) for bony ankylosis in patients with ankylosing spondylitis and the significance of postoperative rehabilitation. Meth-ods From October 1998 to May 2007, 28 patients (46 hips) suffered from ankylosing spondylitis with hip bony ankylosis underwent THA. There were 27 males, 1 female, with the mean age of 38.9 years (range 22 to 58 years). Posterior lateral hip incision was performed in 34 hips, and modified anterior lateral combined with lateral hip incision in 12 hips. Forty hips applied cementless THA and 6 hips applied mixed THA. Har-ris scores, VAS scores and total hip range of motion in all patients were compared pre-and postoperatively to evaluate the clinical effects. Results All patients were followed up from 10 months to 64 months, with the mean time of 38.2 months. No paralysis, decubitus, and lung infection were found. Joint dislocation hap-pened in 1 case 2 weeks after operation, and was cured with close reduction. Heterotopic bone formation with Brooker Ⅰ was found in 6 hips and Brooker Ⅱ in 2 hips. Harris score increased from 28.3±10.3 preop-eratively to 82.7±7.6 postoperatively. VAS score changed from 3.5±1.4 preoperatively to 3.8±1.8 postopera-tively, and no significance was found. The hip movement range increased from 15.6°±9.3° preoperatively to 133.7°±17.6° postoperatively. Bony ankylosis in all patients disappeared and the hip function improved sig-nificantly after operation. Conclusion THA is the optimal method to treat the ankylosing spondylitis with hip bony ankylosis. Early rehabilitation is necessary to improve hip function.     

全髋关节置换术治疗强直性脊柱炎致髋关节强直的疗效及康复锻炼的意义

Objective To investigate the clinical effects of total hip arthroplasty (THA) for bony ankylosis in patients with ankylosing spondylitis and the significance of postoperative rehabilitation. Meth-ods From October 1998 to May 2007, 28 patients (46 hips) suffered from ankylosing spondylitis with hip bony ankylosis underwent THA. There were 27 males, 1 female, with the mean age of 38.9 years (range 22 to 58 years). Posterior lateral hip incision was performed in 34 hips, and modified anterior lateral combined with lateral hip incision in 12 hips. Forty hips applied cementless THA and 6 hips applied mixed THA. Har-ris scores, VAS scores and total hip range of motion in all patients were compared pre-and postoperatively to evaluate the clinical effects. Results All patients were followed up from 10 months to 64 months, with the mean time of 38.2 months. No paralysis, decubitus, and lung infection were found. Joint dislocation hap-pened in 1 case 2 weeks after operation, and was cured with close reduction. Heterotopic bone formation with Brooker Ⅰ was found in 6 hips and Brooker Ⅱ in 2 hips. Harris score increased from 28.3±10.3 preop-eratively to 82.7±7.6 postoperatively. VAS score changed from 3.5±1.4 preoperatively to 3.8±1.8 postopera-tively, and no significance was found. The hip movement range increased from 15.6°±9.3° preoperatively to 133.7°±17.6° postoperatively. Bony ankylosis in all patients disappeared and the hip function improved sig-nificantly after operation. Conclusion THA is the optimal method to treat the ankylosing spondylitis with hip bony ankylosis. Early rehabilitation is necessary to improve hip function.     

人工全髋关节置换术中髋臼骨缺损的重建

目的 探讨人工全髋关节置换术中各种髋臼骨缺损的特点与重建方法.方法 1998年5月至2008年8月对获得随访的行初次全髋关节置换或翻修的37例(37髋)髋臼缺损患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,依据AAOS分型采取颗粒性或结构性植骨、生物或骨水泥髋臼假体以及钛网或加强环置入等方法对骨缺损进行重建.术前Harris评分(42±8)分.术后采用Harris评分判断髋关节的功能改善情况,复查X线片了解移植骨愈合及假体在位情况.结果 AAOS Ⅰ型9例,Ⅱ型13例,Ⅲ型15例.颗粒性植骨24例,结构性植骨6例,混合性植骨7例;生物型假体21例,骨水泥型假体16例.平均随访时间53.7个月.术后Harris评分(87±5)分,与术前比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).移植骨在最后一次复查时均已愈合或基本愈合.结论 对于AAOS Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型等简单的髋臼骨缺损,颗粒性或结构性植骨结合生物型髋臼假体就可以获得很好的初始稳定性,而对于AAOSⅢ型等较严重的缺损,则应行结构性植骨或附加钛网及加强环等重建髋臼.其短、中期疗效是令人满意的.     

髋臼重建治疗Crowe Ⅲ型髋臼发育不良

目的 探讨髋臼重建治疗Crowe Ⅲ型髋臼发育不良的手术方法及疗效.方法 2001年1月至2007年6月43例(54髋)Crowe Ⅲ型髋臼发育不良继发骨关节炎患者接受全髋关节置换术治疗.术前Harris评分平均39分.髋臼重建方法包括单纯加深或穿透髋臼(A组)27例(34髋)、髋臼内壁截骨(B组)12例(15髋)、髋臼自体股骨头植骨(C组)4例(5髋).分别记录每种重建方法的手术时间、出血量、并发症.术后随访进行放射学及临床疗效评估.结果 40例(50髋)患者获得完整随访,随访时间平均29个月.在术后3～5个月随访时截骨和植骨已愈合.摄x线片测量A、B、C组重建方式的髋臼外倾角分别为(41.0±7.5)°,(46.0 ±7.7)°,(39.0±11.0)°;前倾角分别为(10.0±2.8)°,(9.0±2.5)°,(4.0±1.9)°;旋转中心上移分别为(8.4±3.6)mm,(7.3 ±2.6)mm,(1.2±0.5)mm;旋转中心内移分别为(7.0±1.5)mm,(9.9 ±1.7)mm,(-2.7 ±1.2)mm.A、B、C组末次随访平均Harris评分分别为B9、91、86分.随访患者中2例发生下肢深静脉血栓,2例可疑肺栓塞,4例坐骨神经麻痹.结论 单纯加深或穿透髋臼、髋臼内壁截骨、自体股骨头植骨是Crowe Ⅲ 型髋臼发育不良髋臼重建的有效方法.应根据术前评估、术中具体情况采用相应的重建方法.     

髋臼加强杯在髋臼翻修术中的应用

目的 观察髋臼加强杯在髋臼翻修手术中巨大髋臼骨缺损修复中的应用疗效.方法 2003年2月至2008年10月对12例在翻修术中存在严重髋臼骨缺损的患者采用植骨与髋臼加强杯重建髋臼骨缺损后固定假体.手术前、后情况进行临床评估及影像学评估.术前骨缺损分类按Paprosky分型:ⅡB型2例,ⅢA型6例,ⅢB型4例.术前Harris评分平均为35.2分.结果 术后所有患者均获随访,平均随访时间37个月(9～71个月);术后第一次随访时Harris评分平均为80.9分,末次随访时平均84.6分.术后假体无松动或断裂.有1例患者翻修术后6个月于髋臼Delee&Chamley Ⅲ区出现轻度放射线透亮带,但继续随访未进展.未出现假体失败而需要再次翻修病例.结论 采用髋臼加强杯联合植骨技术可有效修复髋臼骨缺损,重建髋臼结构稳定性,中短期随访疗效可靠.     

Restoration of the Center of Rotation in Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty

We measured the change of the center of hip rotation after the revision of acetabular loosening using an acetabular reconstruction ring and an impaction allogenic bone grafting. Thirty-five revision total hip arthroplasties were performed. The average follow-up was 3.8 years. Horizontal distance was changed from 34.01 ± 10 mm preoperatively to 41.07 ± 6 mm at the latest follow-up. Vertical distance was changed from 32.06 ± 9 mm preoperatively to 20.21 ± 7 mm at the latest follow-up. The Harris hip score was improved from an average of 47 in the preoperative period to 86 at the final follow-up. The restoration of the anatomical hip center has shown to be favorable in terms of functional and radiologic evaluation in total hip revision.     

颗粒骨打压植骨结合多孔非骨水泥臼杯在AAOSⅢ型髋臼大面积骨缺损翻修中的应用

背景：颗粒骨打压植骨是修复髋臼骨缺损的重要方法,对大面积髋臼骨缺损采用打压植骨结合非骨水泥臼杯重建仍然存在争议。目的：探讨同种异体颗粒骨打压植骨结合多孔非骨水泥臼杯髋臼重建术修复AAOSⅢ型髋臼大面积骨缺损的方法及近期疗效。方法：随访2005年6月至2010年4月收治的28例（28髋）AA0SⅢ型髋臼大面积骨缺损患者。男18例,女10例,年龄34-74岁,平均53．8岁。髋关节置换术后感染醐翻修9例,骨溶解及髋臼假体松动翻修19例。本组AAOSⅢ型髋臼骨缺损面积大,术中见髋臼骨缺损超过髋臼关节面的50％。全部采用同种异体颗粒骨打压植骨结合多孔非骨水泥臼杯髋臼重建术。术后定期随访,观察臼杯有无松动、植入骨与宿主骨整合情况,髋关节功能评分采用Harris评分。结果：28例均获得随访,术后随访时间为13-70个月,平均43个月。Harris评分由术前32-48分,平均41分,提高至末次随访时86-95分,平均90分。28例髋臼假体均固定牢固无松动征象,植入骨逐渐与宿主骨整合,无感染及坐骨神经损伤。结论：在获得臼杯初始稳定固定的情况下,大面积颗粒骨打压植骨（臼杯与宿主骨接触面积〈50％）结合多孔非骨水泥臼杯髋臼重建术修复AAOSⅢ型髋臼大面积骨缺损近期疗效较好,远期疗效尚待进一步随访。     

同种异体颗粒骨打压植骨联合不同类型假体在严重髋臼骨缺损翻修中的应用

目的探讨对严重髋臼骨缺损患者采用同种异体颗粒骨打压植骨联合骨水泥型或非骨水泥型假体翻修的早中期疗效。方法回顾分析2011年2月-2018年5月采用同种异体颗粒骨打压植骨联合假体翻修治疗的42例(44髋)严重髋臼骨缺损患者临床资料,其中采用骨水泥型臼杯24例(24髋)、非骨水泥型臼杯18例(20髋)。男17例,女25例;年龄22~84岁,平均62.8岁。初次人工全髋关节置换术距该次翻修术时间为2.5~12.0年,平均8.3年。翻修原因:假体无菌性松动31例(32髋),假体周围感染11例(12髋)。按照髋臼骨缺损Paprosky分型标准:ⅢA型28例(29髋),ⅢB型14例(15髋)。术前髋关节Harris评分为(22.25±10.31)分。髋关节旋转中心高度为(3.67±0.63)cm,双下肢长度差值为(3.41±0.64)cm。结果手术时间为130~245 min,平均186 min。术中出血量600~2400 mL,平均840 mL。术后引流量250~1450 mL,平均556 mL。术后1例出现切口浅表感染,其余患者切口均Ⅰ期愈合。患者均获随访,随访时间6~87个月,平均48.6个月。末次随访时Harris评分为(85.85±9.31)分,与术前比较差异有统计学意义(t=18.563,P=0.000)。影像学复查显示同种异体骨与宿主骨逐步融合,未见明显骨吸收。末次随访时,髋关节旋转中心高度为(1.01±0.21)cm,与术前比较差异有统计学意义(t=17.549,P=0.000);双下肢长度差值为(0.62±0.51)cm,与术前比较差异有统计学意义(t=14.211,P=0.000)。与术前相比,末次随访骨水泥组、非骨水泥组Harris评分明显提高,髋关节旋转中心高度下降且均在Ranawat三角内,双下肢长度差值亦减小,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组髋关节旋转中心高度比较差异有统计学意义(t=2.095,P=0.042),Harris评分及双下肢长度差值比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论对于PaproskyⅢ型髋臼骨缺损患者,根据缺损程度选择同种异体颗粒骨打压植骨联合骨水泥型或非骨水泥型假体翻修,均可有效重建髋关节,并获得较好的早中期疗效。     

人工全髋关节置换术中非感染性髋臼骨缺损的治疗策略

目的探讨人工全髋关节置换术在治疗非感染性髋臼骨缺损中的应用。方法 2000年1月至2010年1月间40例非感染性髋臼骨缺损初次行全髋关节置换患者,其中CroweⅢ、Ⅳ型先天性髋关节脱位18例,髋关节感染后融合14例,陈旧性髋臼骨折8例。内移髋关节旋转中心17例,结构性植骨13例,颗粒松质骨打压植骨10例;有14例应用钛网,9例重建钢板,7例加强杯固定。术前术后进行临床评估及X线评估。结果本组手术全部成功,术后无感染发生。本组40例患者随访8～42个月,平均（10.4±2.1）个月,随访时无假体松动,关节无疼痛,患者对手术结果满意,髋关节功能较术前明显改善,术前平均Harris评分为（58.4±6.1）分,术后为（88.6±3.1）分;术后平均Harris评分较术前提高明显,两者比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论对非感染性髋臼节段性和混合性骨缺损进行大块植骨并辅以颗粒骨,并选用牢固的钉板系统固定,将髋臼重建在真臼位置,并尽量采用非骨水泥型臼杯,通过不同的重建方法可以获得良好的髋关节功能。     

植骨技术结合金属网杯重建髋臼骨缺损在全髋关节置换术中的应用

 目的 评估植骨技术结合金属网杯重建髋臼骨缺损在全髋关节置换术中的应用价值。方法 2008年1月至2011年11月,采用植骨技术结合金属网杯重建全髋关节置换术中髋臼骨缺损32例(32髋),男23例,女9例;年龄51~76岁,平均66岁。初次全髋关节置换6例,翻修26例。PaproskyⅡB型骨缺损12例,采用打压植骨结合钛网重建;ⅡC型骨缺损13例,采用打压植骨结合钛网重建7例、打压植骨结合金属加强杯重建6例;ⅢA型骨缺损7例,采用结构植骨+打压植骨结合带翼金属加强杯重建6例、双层打压植骨结合钛网及金属加强杯重建1例。疗效通过影像学Gill金属网杯松动评定标准和Harris髋关节评分进行评估。结果 全部病例获得随访,随访时间12~25个月,平均22个月。术后12个月Harris髋关节评分由术前(44.00±11.71)分提高至(78.41±9.32)分;优24例、良4例、可4例,优良率87.5%。3例出现髋臼旋转中心轻度移位,1例发生脱位,其余28例未发生固定物松动、下沉及植骨吸收。结论 根据髋臼缺损Paprosky分型选择钛网或金属加强杯结合打压植骨或结构性植骨技术,可以重建髋臼骨缺损,从而提高髋臼杯的稳定性。     

THA翻修术中髋臼骨缺损的处理策略

目的探讨全髋关节置换术（THA）翻修术中髋臼骨缺损重建的方法及疗效。方法回顾1999年6月至2007年5月,在THA翻修术中处理的髋臼骨缺损112例（117髋）。根据Saleh KJ的改良分型法,Ⅰ型缺损14髋、Ⅱ型缺损26髋、Ⅲ型缺损47髋、Ⅵ型缺损16髋、Ⅴ型缺损14髋。分别采用大直径非骨水泥假体臼、非骨水泥假体臼＋松质颗粒植骨、骨水泥假体臼＋Cage＋松质颗粒植骨和骨水泥假体臼＋定制型假体＋松质颗粒植骨,对不同类型骨缺损进行修复。术后定期随访,采用Harris方法评估髋关节功能,根据X线片判断假体是否有松动,移植骨是否愈合。结果随访时间平均45（13～118）个月。除4髋因脱位或假体周围骨折进行再翻修外,其余效果良好。术后Harris评分平均86.2分,较术前平均改善40.6分。X线片无假体松动下沉,可见移植骨-宿主骨交界处有连续性小梁骨通过。结论在THA翻修术中,大部分髋臼骨缺损可使用较大型号非骨水泥假体或加松质颗粒植骨进行修复;对于影响假体稳定性的较大缺损,使用骨水泥假体臼＋Cage＋松质颗粒植骨的方法可获得良好效果;定制型假体在处理严重髋臼骨缺损中有具独特优势,有良好的临床应用前景。     

3D技术辅助钽金属块植入修复严重髋臼骨缺损的早期疗效

目的探讨髋关节翻修术中应用3D技术辅助植入钽金属块治疗PaproskyⅢ型髋臼骨缺损的早期临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2013年5月至2017年7月收治的伴有PaproskyⅢ型髋臼骨缺损的髋关节翻修术16例(18髋),男11例,女5例;年龄(58.06±8.29)岁(范围44~69岁)。感染性松动3髋,无菌性松动15髋;PaproskyⅢA型骨缺损13髋,ⅢB型骨缺损5髋。术前使用3D技术进行精确规划,术中应用钽金属块和臼杯修复髋臼骨缺损。测量并比较手术前后髋关节臼杯的前倾角、外展角、患侧与对侧旋转中心垂直距离比值、旋转中心水平距离比值、股骨偏心距比值的差异,比较手术前后臼杯位于Lewinnek安全区内的比例,观察术后髋关节影像学松动的表现。采用Harris髋关节评分评价术后6个月及末次随访时的髋关节功能。结果臼杯位于lewinnek安全区内的比例由术前的22%(4/18)提高至术后的61%(11/18),差异有统计学意义(P=0.018)。术后患侧髋臼前倾角为11.99°±6.91°(范围1.71°~26.36°),外展角为44.91°±5.93°(范围35.6°~56.0°);患侧与对侧旋转中心垂直距离比值为1.10±0.20(范围0.87~1.62)、水平距离比值为1.00±0.18(范围0.69~1.46)、股骨偏心距比值为1.01±0.66(范围0.51~3.56)。所有患者均获得随访,随访时间为(27.72±12.18)个月(范围14~53个月)。术后6个月Harris髋关节评分为(77.28±4.80)分(范围65~85分),末次随访时为(80.9±5.2)分(范围69~89分)。随访期间所有患者均未出现假体周围感染、脱位及无菌性松动等并发症。结论3D技术辅助钽金属块植入修复严重髋臼骨缺损能够提高髋关节假体安放的准确性,术后早期假体稳定无松动,有利于髋关节功能的恢复。