雷公藤甲素预处理诱导Tregs细胞减轻小鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤的实验研究

Objective To investigate the effect and related mechanism of triptolide pretreatment to prevent from ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in mice liver. Methods Sixty male C57BL/6 mouse were randomized into four groups (15/group): A:sham group with saline , B: sham group with triptolide, C: saline I/R group, D: triptolide I/R group. The mice were pretreated with either saline or triptolide (0. 1 mg/kg/d) through intraperitoneal (ip) injection for one week. The mouse partial liver model of I/R injury was established, and samples were collected at 24 h after the I/R injury. Results Serum ALT and AST levels were significantly decreased and histological damage was significantly alleviated in the triptolide I/R group as compared with the saline I/R group (P＜0.05), the concentration of MDA in the triptolide groups was significantly decreased, while SOD activity was significantly increased compared with that of the saline I/R group (P＜0.05). The percentages of CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) cells among CD4+ T cells in groups A, B, C, and D were(7. 55 ± 1.87)%, (12. 59±3. 87)%,(7. 85±1.07)%, and(12. 02±3. 16)% in liver tissue, respectively. The expression levels of Foxp3 mRNA were significantly higher in the triptolide I/R group than those of saline I/R group (P＜0. 05). ELISA showed that triptolide could significantly inhibit the levels of IL-6, IL-Iβ and TNF-αand promoted the level of IL-10 in the serum (P＜0.05). Conclusion Pretreatment with triptolide could effectively prevent from liver I/R injury, which may be related to the induction of Treg cells by triptolide, the increase in the level of IL-10 in serum, and the inhibition of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α production in serum.     

高渗氯化钠羟乙基淀粉40注射液高容量血液稀释对大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of hypervolemic hemodilution (HH) with hypertonic saline plus hetastarch solution 40 injectio on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. Methods Thirty male Wistar rats weighing 300-350 g were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 10 each): group I sham operation (group S); group II I/R and group Ⅲ HH. Partial liver ischemia was produced by clamping hepatic portal vein and left arteria hepatica for 30 min with atraumatic mini-clamp, followed by 2 h of reperfusion in I/R group and HH group. In HH group the animals were infused hypertonic saline plus hetastarch solution 40 injectio 10 ml/kg through vena caudalis over 30 min and then hepatic I/R was performed IS min after the infusion.The animals were killed at 2 h of reperfusion. The left liver was removed and blood sample was taken from inferior caval vein for determination of (1) serum alanine amino transferase (ALT) and aspartate amino transferase (AST) activities; (2) superoxide dismutase ( SOD) activity and malondialdehyde ( MDA) content in the liver; ( 3 ) microscopic examination. Results The serum ALT and AST activities and MDA content in the liver were significantly higher, SOD activity in the liver significantly lower after hepatic I/R and pathological changes in the liver severer in group I/R and HH than in group S. The serum ALT and AST activities and MDA content in the liver were significantly lower, SOD activity in the liver significantly higher after hepatic I/R and pathological changes in the liver milder in group HH than in group I/R. Conclusion Hypervolemic hemodilution with hypertonic saline plus hetastarch solution 40 injectio can ameliorate hepatic I/R injury by decreasing oxygen free radical production in rats.     

高渗氯化钠羟乙基淀粉40注射液高容量血液稀释对大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of hypervolemic hemodilution (HH) with hypertonic saline plus hetastarch solution 40 injectio on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. Methods Thirty male Wistar rats weighing 300-350 g were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 10 each): group I sham operation (group S); group II I/R and group Ⅲ HH. Partial liver ischemia was produced by clamping hepatic portal vein and left arteria hepatica for 30 min with atraumatic mini-clamp, followed by 2 h of reperfusion in I/R group and HH group. In HH group the animals were infused hypertonic saline plus hetastarch solution 40 injectio 10 ml/kg through vena caudalis over 30 min and then hepatic I/R was performed IS min after the infusion.The animals were killed at 2 h of reperfusion. The left liver was removed and blood sample was taken from inferior caval vein for determination of (1) serum alanine amino transferase (ALT) and aspartate amino transferase (AST) activities; (2) superoxide dismutase ( SOD) activity and malondialdehyde ( MDA) content in the liver; ( 3 ) microscopic examination. Results The serum ALT and AST activities and MDA content in the liver were significantly higher, SOD activity in the liver significantly lower after hepatic I/R and pathological changes in the liver severer in group I/R and HH than in group S. The serum ALT and AST activities and MDA content in the liver were significantly lower, SOD activity in the liver significantly higher after hepatic I/R and pathological changes in the liver milder in group HH than in group I/R. Conclusion Hypervolemic hemodilution with hypertonic saline plus hetastarch solution 40 injectio can ameliorate hepatic I/R injury by decreasing oxygen free radical production in rats.     

高渗氯化钠羟乙基淀粉40注射液高容量血液稀释对大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of hypervolemic hemodilution (HH) with hypertonic saline plus hetastarch solution 40 injectio on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. Methods Thirty male Wistar rats weighing 300-350 g were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 10 each): group I sham operation (group S); group II I/R and group Ⅲ HH. Partial liver ischemia was produced by clamping hepatic portal vein and left arteria hepatica for 30 min with atraumatic mini-clamp, followed by 2 h of reperfusion in I/R group and HH group. In HH group the animals were infused hypertonic saline plus hetastarch solution 40 injectio 10 ml/kg through vena caudalis over 30 min and then hepatic I/R was performed IS min after the infusion.The animals were killed at 2 h of reperfusion. The left liver was removed and blood sample was taken from inferior caval vein for determination of (1) serum alanine amino transferase (ALT) and aspartate amino transferase (AST) activities; (2) superoxide dismutase ( SOD) activity and malondialdehyde ( MDA) content in the liver; ( 3 ) microscopic examination. Results The serum ALT and AST activities and MDA content in the liver were significantly higher, SOD activity in the liver significantly lower after hepatic I/R and pathological changes in the liver severer in group I/R and HH than in group S. The serum ALT and AST activities and MDA content in the liver were significantly lower, SOD activity in the liver significantly higher after hepatic I/R and pathological changes in the liver milder in group HH than in group I/R. Conclusion Hypervolemic hemodilution with hypertonic saline plus hetastarch solution 40 injectio can ameliorate hepatic I/R injury by decreasing oxygen free radical production in rats.     

高渗氯化钠羟乙基淀粉40注射液高容量血液稀释对大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of hypervolemic hemodilution (HH) with hypertonic saline plus hetastarch solution 40 injectio on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. Methods Thirty male Wistar rats weighing 300-350 g were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 10 each): group I sham operation (group S); group II I/R and group Ⅲ HH. Partial liver ischemia was produced by clamping hepatic portal vein and left arteria hepatica for 30 min with atraumatic mini-clamp, followed by 2 h of reperfusion in I/R group and HH group. In HH group the animals were infused hypertonic saline plus hetastarch solution 40 injectio 10 ml/kg through vena caudalis over 30 min and then hepatic I/R was performed IS min after the infusion.The animals were killed at 2 h of reperfusion. The left liver was removed and blood sample was taken from inferior caval vein for determination of (1) serum alanine amino transferase (ALT) and aspartate amino transferase (AST) activities; (2) superoxide dismutase ( SOD) activity and malondialdehyde ( MDA) content in the liver; ( 3 ) microscopic examination. Results The serum ALT and AST activities and MDA content in the liver were significantly higher, SOD activity in the liver significantly lower after hepatic I/R and pathological changes in the liver severer in group I/R and HH than in group S. The serum ALT and AST activities and MDA content in the liver were significantly lower, SOD activity in the liver significantly higher after hepatic I/R and pathological changes in the liver milder in group HH than in group I/R. Conclusion Hypervolemic hemodilution with hypertonic saline plus hetastarch solution 40 injectio can ameliorate hepatic I/R injury by decreasing oxygen free radical production in rats.     

高渗氯化钠羟乙基淀粉40注射液高容量血液稀释对大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of hypervolemic hemodilution (HH) with hypertonic saline plus hetastarch solution 40 injectio on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. Methods Thirty male Wistar rats weighing 300-350 g were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 10 each): group I sham operation (group S); group II I/R and group Ⅲ HH. Partial liver ischemia was produced by clamping hepatic portal vein and left arteria hepatica for 30 min with atraumatic mini-clamp, followed by 2 h of reperfusion in I/R group and HH group. In HH group the animals were infused hypertonic saline plus hetastarch solution 40 injectio 10 ml/kg through vena caudalis over 30 min and then hepatic I/R was performed IS min after the infusion.The animals were killed at 2 h of reperfusion. The left liver was removed and blood sample was taken from inferior caval vein for determination of (1) serum alanine amino transferase (ALT) and aspartate amino transferase (AST) activities; (2) superoxide dismutase ( SOD) activity and malondialdehyde ( MDA) content in the liver; ( 3 ) microscopic examination. Results The serum ALT and AST activities and MDA content in the liver were significantly higher, SOD activity in the liver significantly lower after hepatic I/R and pathological changes in the liver severer in group I/R and HH than in group S. The serum ALT and AST activities and MDA content in the liver were significantly lower, SOD activity in the liver significantly higher after hepatic I/R and pathological changes in the liver milder in group HH than in group I/R. Conclusion Hypervolemic hemodilution with hypertonic saline plus hetastarch solution 40 injectio can ameliorate hepatic I/R injury by decreasing oxygen free radical production in rats.     

高渗氯化钠羟乙基淀粉40注射液高容量血液稀释对大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of hypervolemic hemodilution (HH) with hypertonic saline plus hetastarch solution 40 injectio on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. Methods Thirty male Wistar rats weighing 300-350 g were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 10 each): group I sham operation (group S); group II I/R and group Ⅲ HH. Partial liver ischemia was produced by clamping hepatic portal vein and left arteria hepatica for 30 min with atraumatic mini-clamp, followed by 2 h of reperfusion in I/R group and HH group. In HH group the animals were infused hypertonic saline plus hetastarch solution 40 injectio 10 ml/kg through vena caudalis over 30 min and then hepatic I/R was performed IS min after the infusion.The animals were killed at 2 h of reperfusion. The left liver was removed and blood sample was taken from inferior caval vein for determination of (1) serum alanine amino transferase (ALT) and aspartate amino transferase (AST) activities; (2) superoxide dismutase ( SOD) activity and malondialdehyde ( MDA) content in the liver; ( 3 ) microscopic examination. Results The serum ALT and AST activities and MDA content in the liver were significantly higher, SOD activity in the liver significantly lower after hepatic I/R and pathological changes in the liver severer in group I/R and HH than in group S. The serum ALT and AST activities and MDA content in the liver were significantly lower, SOD activity in the liver significantly higher after hepatic I/R and pathological changes in the liver milder in group HH than in group I/R. Conclusion Hypervolemic hemodilution with hypertonic saline plus hetastarch solution 40 injectio can ameliorate hepatic I/R injury by decreasing oxygen free radical production in rats.     

高渗氯化钠羟乙基淀粉40注射液高容量血液稀释对大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of hypervolemic hemodilution (HH) with hypertonic saline plus hetastarch solution 40 injectio on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. Methods Thirty male Wistar rats weighing 300-350 g were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 10 each): group I sham operation (group S); group II I/R and group Ⅲ HH. Partial liver ischemia was produced by clamping hepatic portal vein and left arteria hepatica for 30 min with atraumatic mini-clamp, followed by 2 h of reperfusion in I/R group and HH group. In HH group the animals were infused hypertonic saline plus hetastarch solution 40 injectio 10 ml/kg through vena caudalis over 30 min and then hepatic I/R was performed IS min after the infusion.The animals were killed at 2 h of reperfusion. The left liver was removed and blood sample was taken from inferior caval vein for determination of (1) serum alanine amino transferase (ALT) and aspartate amino transferase (AST) activities; (2) superoxide dismutase ( SOD) activity and malondialdehyde ( MDA) content in the liver; ( 3 ) microscopic examination. Results The serum ALT and AST activities and MDA content in the liver were significantly higher, SOD activity in the liver significantly lower after hepatic I/R and pathological changes in the liver severer in group I/R and HH than in group S. The serum ALT and AST activities and MDA content in the liver were significantly lower, SOD activity in the liver significantly higher after hepatic I/R and pathological changes in the liver milder in group HH than in group I/R. Conclusion Hypervolemic hemodilution with hypertonic saline plus hetastarch solution 40 injectio can ameliorate hepatic I/R injury by decreasing oxygen free radical production in rats.     

高渗氯化钠羟乙基淀粉40注射液高容量血液稀释对大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of hypervolemic hemodilution (HH) with hypertonic saline plus hetastarch solution 40 injectio on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. Methods Thirty male Wistar rats weighing 300-350 g were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 10 each): group I sham operation (group S); group II I/R and group Ⅲ HH. Partial liver ischemia was produced by clamping hepatic portal vein and left arteria hepatica for 30 min with atraumatic mini-clamp, followed by 2 h of reperfusion in I/R group and HH group. In HH group the animals were infused hypertonic saline plus hetastarch solution 40 injectio 10 ml/kg through vena caudalis over 30 min and then hepatic I/R was performed IS min after the infusion.The animals were killed at 2 h of reperfusion. The left liver was removed and blood sample was taken from inferior caval vein for determination of (1) serum alanine amino transferase (ALT) and aspartate amino transferase (AST) activities; (2) superoxide dismutase ( SOD) activity and malondialdehyde ( MDA) content in the liver; ( 3 ) microscopic examination. Results The serum ALT and AST activities and MDA content in the liver were significantly higher, SOD activity in the liver significantly lower after hepatic I/R and pathological changes in the liver severer in group I/R and HH than in group S. The serum ALT and AST activities and MDA content in the liver were significantly lower, SOD activity in the liver significantly higher after hepatic I/R and pathological changes in the liver milder in group HH than in group I/R. Conclusion Hypervolemic hemodilution with hypertonic saline plus hetastarch solution 40 injectio can ameliorate hepatic I/R injury by decreasing oxygen free radical production in rats.     

高渗氯化钠羟乙基淀粉40注射液高容量血液稀释对大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of hypervolemic hemodilution (HH) with hypertonic saline plus hetastarch solution 40 injectio on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. Methods Thirty male Wistar rats weighing 300-350 g were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 10 each): group I sham operation (group S); group II I/R and group Ⅲ HH. Partial liver ischemia was produced by clamping hepatic portal vein and left arteria hepatica for 30 min with atraumatic mini-clamp, followed by 2 h of reperfusion in I/R group and HH group. In HH group the animals were infused hypertonic saline plus hetastarch solution 40 injectio 10 ml/kg through vena caudalis over 30 min and then hepatic I/R was performed IS min after the infusion.The animals were killed at 2 h of reperfusion. The left liver was removed and blood sample was taken from inferior caval vein for determination of (1) serum alanine amino transferase (ALT) and aspartate amino transferase (AST) activities; (2) superoxide dismutase ( SOD) activity and malondialdehyde ( MDA) content in the liver; ( 3 ) microscopic examination. Results The serum ALT and AST activities and MDA content in the liver were significantly higher, SOD activity in the liver significantly lower after hepatic I/R and pathological changes in the liver severer in group I/R and HH than in group S. The serum ALT and AST activities and MDA content in the liver were significantly lower, SOD activity in the liver significantly higher after hepatic I/R and pathological changes in the liver milder in group HH than in group I/R. Conclusion Hypervolemic hemodilution with hypertonic saline plus hetastarch solution 40 injectio can ameliorate hepatic I/R injury by decreasing oxygen free radical production in rats.     

低剂量雷公藤甲素预处理减轻小鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤的作用及其机制

目的 探讨雷公藤甲素(TPT)预处理减轻小鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤的作用及其作用机制.方法 将60只雄性C57BL/6小鼠分成4组,每组15只.(1)TPT手术组:手术方法参照Kobayashi法,术中夹闭肝门静脉左支、肝动脉左支及左肝管,90min后开放血管,建立小鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤模型;(2)TPT假手术组:手术方式同TPT手术组,但术中不阻断血流,仅用生理盐水(NS)纱布覆盖切口90 min;(3)NS手术组:手术方式同TPT手术组;(4)NS假手术组:手术方式同TPT假手术组.两TPT组小鼠于术前1周开始腹腔注射TPT0.1 mg·kg-1·d-1,术前1 h加用1次,而两NS组同期仅腹腔注射等体积无菌NS.再灌注后24 h,检测各组小鼠肝功能和观察肝组织病理学变化,采用流式细胞术检测各组TH17细胞占单个核细胞的比例,采用实时聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测各组肝组织中IL-17和ROR-γt mRNA的表达,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血清中IL-6、IL-17和TGF-β的含量.结果 TPT手术组肝功能的损伤较NS手术组明显减轻(P＜0.05);NS假手术组、TPT假手术组、NS手术组和TPT手术组TH17细胞占单个核细胞的比例分别为(0.72±00.23)%、(0.41±0.18)%、(4.26±0.82)%和(1.77±0.53)%;两TPT组IL-17和ROR-γt mRNA的表达量以及外周血中IL-6、IL-17和TGF-β的含量,均明显低于相应的NS组(P＜0.05).结论 低剂量TPT预处理能够减轻小鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤,这可能与TPT预处理抑制小鼠体内Th17细胞分化、发育及其功能有关.     

西罗莫司预处理减轻大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤的作用及其机制

目的 探讨西罗莫司(SRL)预处理减轻大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤的作用及其机制.方法 将SD大鼠随机分为4组,每组12只.假手术对照组:开腹后仅用生理盐水纱布覆盖切口60min,关腹;假手术SRL组:手术方式同假手术对照组;实验对照组:开腹后夹闭肝门静脉左支、肝动脉左支及左肝管,60 min后开放血管;实验SRL组:手术方式同实验对照组.两SRL组大鼠术前2周开始给予SRL 2 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)灌胃,术前6 h加用1次.而两对照组同期仅给予等体积无菌生理盐水灌胃.术后24 h分别采集各组大鼠的血液和肝组织,检测血清丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)和天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)水平,光镜下观察肝组织的病理学变化,采用流式细胞术检测肝组织中CD4~+ CD25~+ T淋巴细胞占单个核细胞的比例.采用实时聚合酶链反应检测肝组织中Foxp3 mRNA的表达,采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测血清巾转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)和白细胞介素10(IL-10)的含量.结果 假手术对照组和假手术SRL组血清ALT和AST均处于较低水平,而实验SRL组和实验对照组明显升高,且实验SRL组低于实验对照组(P<0.05).假手术对照组和假手术SRL组肝组织结构正常,实验对照组可见明显的片状坏死,实验SRL组肝小叶结构基本完整,未见明显细胞坏死.假手术对照组、假手术SRL组、实验对照组和实验SRL组CD4~+ CD25~+ T淋巴细胞占单个核细胞的比例分别为(6.12±1.87)%、(22.36±6.75)%、(4.53±1.02)%和(13.29±3.16)%.假手术SRL组Foxp3 mRNA的相对表达量以及血清中TGF-β和IL-10的含量明显高于假手术对照组(P<0.05),实验SRL组明显高于实验对照组(P<0.05).结论 SRL可以减轻大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤,其机制可能与SRL诱导体内CD4~+ CD25~+ Foxp3~+ 调节性T淋巴细胞的分化以及增加TGF-β和IL-10的分泌抑制炎症反应有关.     

右美托咪定预处理对大鼠心肌缺血/再灌注损伤时心肌组织高迁移率族蛋白B1的影响

目的 探讨右美托咪定(dexmedetomidine,Dex)预处理对大鼠心肌缺血/再灌注损伤(myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury,MFRI)时心肌组织高迁移率族蛋白B1(high mobility group box-1 protein,HMGB1)表达量的影响. 方法 健康雄性SD大鼠52只,体重250～300 g,按随机数字表法分为4组(每组13只):假手术组(S组)、缺血/再灌注(ischemia/reperfusion,I/R)组(I/R组)、Dex+I/R组(D组)、Dex+育亨宾+I/R组(D/Y组).结扎左冠状动脉前降支30 min,恢复灌注120 min制备MI/RI模型.再灌120 min时采血ELISA法测定血清中IL-6、TNF-α浓度,随后处死大鼠摘取心脏,用2,3,5-氯化三苯基四氮唑(2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride,TTC)染色法测定心肌梗死面积,Western blot法测定心肌组织HMGB1蛋白的表达量. 结果 与S组比较,I/R组血清中IL-6、TNF-α含量[(336±41)、(636±25) ng/L]均显著增高(P＜0.05),心肌梗死面积明显增大(P＜0.05),心肌组织HMGB1蛋白表达量明显升高(P＜0.05);与豫组比较,D组血清中IL-6、TNF-α含量[(153±10)、(233±9) ng/L]均明显降低(P＜0.05),心肌梗死面积明显减少(P＜0.05),心肌组织HMGB1蛋白表达量显著降低(P＜0.05);与D组比较,D/Y组血清中IL-6、TNF-α含量[(230±20)、(386±32) ng/L]均显著增高(P＜0.05),心肌梗死面积明显增大(P＜0.05),心肌组织HMGB1蛋白表达量明显升高(P＜0.05). 结论 Dex预处理减轻MI/RI心肌组织HMGB1的表达量,减轻I/R损伤的炎症反应.Dex通过α2受体发挥保护作用.     

不同肠内营养液与生长激素联合应用对烫伤大鼠炎性反应的影响

目的 了解标准肠内营养(EN)、肠内免疫营养(EIN)液与重组人生长激素(rhGH)联合应用对烫伤大鼠炎性反应的影响. 方法 将128只SD大鼠按随机数字表法分为EN、EIN、EN+rhGH、EIN+rhGH组,每组32只.将大鼠制成总面积30%TBSA的Ⅲ度烫伤模型,分别于伤后1、4、7、10 d抽取各组大鼠静脉血,检测血清内毒素、白细胞介素6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)水平;切取大鼠肝组织检测其CD14 mRNA、TNF-α mRNA的表达.另取8只SD大鼠作为对照组,检测上述指标. 结果 伤后各组各时相点大鼠血清内毒素、IL-6、TNF-α水平以及肝组织中的CD14 mRNA、TNF-α mRNA表达均高于对照组(P＜0.01).伤后4、7、10 d,EIN组和EN+rhGH组血清内毒素、IL-6、TNF-α水平以及肝组织CD14 mRNA、TNF-α mRNA表达均低于EN组(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);伤后10 d,EIN+rhGH组血清内毒素[(0.37±0.07)EU/mL]、IL-6[(289±49)ng/L]、TNF-d[(1.87±0.32)μg/L]水平以及肝组织CD14 mRNA(0.39±0.05)、TNF-α mRNA(0.47±0.03)表达均低于EIN组[(0.48±0.08)EU/mL、(364±53)ng/L、(2.50±0.48)μg/L、0.67±0.06、0.66±0.05,P＜0.05或P＜0.01]. 结论 EN、EIN液与rhGH联合应用可减轻大鼠烫伤后的炎性反应,且rhGH具有明显的协同作用.     

大鼠肠道缺血再灌注损伤对远隔组织Toll样受体4内源性配体表达的影响

目的 研究大鼠缺血再灌注损伤和淋巴液引流后,Toll样受体4(TLR4)的内源性配体高迁移率族蛋白1(HMGB1)的表达以及远隔组织的损伤.方法 24只健康雄性SPF级SD大鼠被随机分为假手术组(Sham)、肠道缺血再灌注组(I/R)和肠道缺血再灌注+淋巴液引流组(I/R+引流),每组8只.在肠道缺血再灌注损伤后检测远隔器官肺、肝和肾脏的损伤程度,肠道以及远隔器官肺、肝脏中TLR4内源性配体HMGBI的表达.结果 HE染色以及HMGB1免疫组织化学染色结果显示I/R组和I/R+引流组损伤较Sham组重,L/R组细胞出现大量黄染,表明I/R损伤时HMGB1的表达增加,而I/R+引流组的大鼠损伤显著轻于I/R组.Western blot检测显示I/R组的空肠、回肠、肝脏和肺组织中的HMGB1表达显著增加,其HMGB1/β-actin灰度值分别为0.3145±0.0549、1.7352±0.3280、1.4443±0.0926、3.1382±0.4202;引流淋巴液可以减轻损伤,其HMGB1表达均显著降低(P＜0.05),HMGB1/β-actin灰度值分别为0.1745±0.0327、1.1083±0.2098、1.1862±0.1221、2.1095±0.1993.结论 大鼠肠道缺血再灌注损伤时,肠道和远隔组织的损伤与TLR4的内源性配体HMGB1表达增加呈正相关.淋巴引流能阻断"肠-淋巴"途径,减少肠道来源的HMGB1对肠道以及远隔组织的损伤.     

ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸和淋巴引流对大鼠肠道缺血再灌注损伤时远隔器官的保护作用

目的 研究大鼠肠道缺血再灌注损伤时ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸干预和肠淋巴引流对远隔组织器官的影响.方法 将48只健康雄性SPF级SD大鼠随机分为正常饮食、普通肠内营养(EN)、普通肠内营养加ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)三大组,每组又分为肠淋巴引流组(I/R+D)和非引流组(I/R)(各8只).所有大鼠均行胃造口手术,分别给予不同营养5 d后行肠系膜上动脉夹闭60 min再灌注120 min.引流组在肠道缺血再灌注同时,进行肠淋巴液引流180 min.检测大鼠血清ALT、肺脏中髓过氧化物酶(MPO)、一氧化氮(NO)、总一氧化氮合酶(tNOS)、诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)的变化,观察肝脏,肺脏损伤程度以及Toll样受体4(TLR4)的内源性配体高迁移率族蛋白1(HMGB1)的表达.结果 PUFA I/R+D组和I/R组、EN I/R+D组血清ALT水平显著低于正常饮食I/R组,分别为(46±20)、(53±15)、(45±21)和(100±60)U/L(P＜0.05).肺脏MPO、NO、tNOS、iNOS在I/R+D组低于不引流I/R组(P＜0.05),分别为MPO(0.73±0.15)U/g湿片比(0.85±0.10)U/g湿片、NO(0.72±0.51)μmol/gprot比(1.79±1.32)μmol/gprot、tNOS(0.46±0.15)U/mgprot比(0.78±0.27)U/mgprot、iNOS(0.06±0.04)U/mgprot比(0.11±0.07)U/mgprot;PUFA I/R组tNOS显著低于正常饮食I/R组,分别为(0.56±0.13)和(0.78±0.27)U/mgprot(P＜0.05);PUFA组中MPO、NO、iNOS均小于EN和正常饮食组.HE染色以及免疫组化显示I/R组肺和肝组织均较I/R+D组损伤严重,I/R组细胞出现大量黄染,HMGB1的表达增加;PUFA组较另外两组损伤减轻,HMGB1的表达减少.结论 大鼠肠道缺血在灌注损伤时引流淋巴液能够减少HMGB1到达远隔器官组织从而减轻损伤,ω-3PUFA具有增加机体抗打击和促进恢复的能力.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the sheltering effects of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (ω-3PUFA)and lymphatic drainage on distant organs in intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.Methods Forty-eight healthy Sprague-Dawley(SD)male rats(SPF grade)were randomly divided into 3 groups(16 rats in each group): normal diet group(N), enteral nutrition group(EN), enteral nutrition and ω-3PUFA group(PUFA group). Each group was divided into lymphatic drainage(I/R + D)group and no-drainage(I/R)group(n = 8). Each rats received gastrostomy. After given different nutrition for five days, the rats subjected to 60 min ischemia and 120 min reperfusion injury of the superior mesenteric artery.When the rats subjected to ischemia-reperfusion injury, drained intestinal lymph for 180 min in the I/R + D group. The serum level of alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and level of myeloperoxidase(MPO), nitric oxide(NO), total of nitric oxide synthase(tNOS), inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)of lung were detected. The organ injury of lung and liver and the expression of high mobility group box 1(HMGB1, the endogenous ligand of TLR4)in these organs were investigated too. Results The serum level of ALT in PUFA I/R + D and I/R group and EN I/R + D group were significantly lower than that in normal diet I/R group:(46 ±20),(53 ± 15),(46 ±21)and(100 ±60)U/L(P ＜0. 05), respectively. The level of MPO, NO, tNOS, iNOS in lung in the I/R + D group were significantly lower than those in I/R group(P ＜0.05):MPO(0.73 ±0. 15):(0.85 ±0. 10)unit/grams wet slice; NO(0.72 ±0.51):(1.79 ± 1.32)μmol/gprot; tNOS(0.46 ±0. 15):(0.78 ±0.27)U/mgprot; iNOS(0.06 ±0.04):(0. 11 ±0.07)U/mgprot, respectively. The level of tNOS in PUFA I/R group was significantly lower than that in normal diet I/R group:(0. 56 ±0. 13):(0. 78 ±0. 27)U/mgprot(P ＜0. 05). MPO, NO, INOS levels in PUFA group were reduced compared with those in EN and normal diet group. HE stained sections and HMGB1 immunohistochemistry results showed that the organ injury in L/R group was severer than that in I/R + D group. The expression of HMGB1 increased in I/R group. The organ injury and the expression of HMGB1 in PUFA group were less than that in the other two main groups. Conclusions Lymphatic drainage can alleviate injury of distant organs after intestinal ischemia-reperfusion in rats. ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids can increase body resistance to injury and promote recovery.     

共刺激后淋巴细胞产生Th1/Th2细胞因子的变化及免疫抑制剂的影响

目的 探讨CD28、CD40通路共刺激后淋巴细胞产生Th1(IL-2、IFN-γ、IL-12)及Th2细胞因子(IL-4、IL-10)的变化及免疫抑制剂环孢素(CsA)、雷帕霉素(RPM)及霉酚酸(MPA)对共刺激通路激活后淋巴细胞产生Th1及Th2细胞因子的影响.方法采用单克隆抗体(mAb)与淋巴细胞表面CD3、CD28及CD40L分子结合产生相应刺激信号,单刺激及共刺激组分为:a组,CD3 mAb单刺激;b组,CD3 mAb加CD28 mAb共刺激;c组,CD3 mAb加CD28 mAb加CD40 L mAb共刺激;d组,CD3 mAb加CD28 mAb加CTLA4 mAb共刺激.各mAb的终浓度均为100 ng/ml.干预组分别将终浓度为300 ng/ml的CsA、RPM、MPA加入上述4组.ELISA法测定上述细胞培养上清中的细胞因子值.结果 a、b、c 3组IFN-γ分别为(248.91±11.20)、(555.08±24.42)、(548.19±33.06)ng/ml,IL-2分别为(29.48±8.61)、(1100.82±99.29)、(842.23±29.31)ng/ml,IL-4分别为(32.29±6.76)、(116.02±15.03)、(147.28±18.07)ng/ml,IL-10分别为(147.01±10.47)、(291.79±12.47)、(302.52±35.18)ng/ml.b、c组与a组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01);b、c组IL-2、IL-12、IL-4比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).d组IFN-γ、IL-2及IL-10分别为(497.42±29.03)、(739.77±18.58)及(120.33±13.21)ng/ml,与b组相比,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).CsA、RPM及MPA对共刺激后Th1/Th2细胞因子的产生均有抑制作用,CsA对4种细胞因子产生的抑制作用强于RPM和MPA,其中对IL-2及IL-4的抑制作用更为明显.CsA与CTLA4 mAb有协同作用.共刺激后IL-12产生升高,MPA可抑制单刺激和共刺激后IL-12的产生,CsA和RPM对IL-12的产生无明显抑制作用.结论 CD28、CD40共刺激通路在淋巴细胞活化中起关键作用.CsA、RPM、MPA及CTLA4 mAb对共刺激后Th1/Th2细胞因子的产生均有抑制作用,CsA的抑制作用更为明显.CD40 L mAb使Th1细胞因子及IL-12水平下降,又促进Th2细胞因子(以IL-4为主)产生,该作用可能是抗CD40 L抗体诱导移植物存活期延长的机制之一.     

线粒体ATP敏感性钾通道阻断剂对在体大鼠肺缺血后处理的作用及其机制

目的 探讨缺血后处理(IPO)对大鼠在体肺缺血-再灌注损伤(I/R)的保护作用及线粒体ATP敏感性钾通道(mitoKATP)在缺血后处理效应中的作用.方法 将Wistar大鼠35只随机分为5组:假手术组(Sham组)、缺血再灌注损伤组(I/R组)、缺血后处理组(IPO组)、缺血再灌注损伤+5-羟基葵酸盐组(I/R+5-HD组)、缺血后处理+5-羟基葵酸盐组(IPO+5-HD组).观察各组肺组织中丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、湿/干比值(W/D)以及病理形态学改变.结果 I/R组与Sham组比较MDA含量增加[(5.07±1.60)nmol/mg prot比(1.43±0.41)nmol/mgprot,P＜0.01],SOD活性减低[(12.38±2.24)U/mg prot比(45.51±5.42)U/mg prot,P＜0.01],W/D比值增高(5.45±0.82比3.05±0.47,P＜0.01),肺组织形态及超微结构明显受损;IPO+5-HD组与IPO组比较MDA含量增加[(3.74±0.71)nmol/mg prot比(2.60±0.43)nmol/mg prot,P＜0.01],SOD活性减低[(22.91±2.71)U/mg prot比(28.74±2.03)U/mg prot,P＜0.01],W/D比值增高(4.64±0.79比3.89±0.60,P＜0.01),肺组织形态及超微结构明显受损;IPO组与I/R组比较,肺组织MDA含量减少[(2.60±0.43)nmol/mg prot比(5.07±1.60)nmol/mg prot,P＜0.01],SOD活性增高[(28.74±2.03)U/mg prot比(12.38±2.24)U/mg prot,P＜0.01],W/D比值减低(3.89±0.60比5.45±0.82,P＜0.01),肺组织病理形态学改变轻于I/R组;I/R+5-HD组与I/R组比较,肺组织MDA含量[(5.14±1.30)mol/mg prot比(5.07±1.60)mol/mg prot,P＞0.05)、SOD活性[(11.65±1.82)U/mg prot比(12.38±2.24)U/mg prot,P＞0.05]、W/D比变化(5.54±0.61比5.45±0.82),差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),肺组织病理形态学改变无明显差异.IPO+5-HD组的各项指标介于IPO组和I/R组之间.结论 缺血后处理能减轻大鼠在体肺缺血再灌注损伤,mitoKATP参与了肺缺血后处理效应.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the protective effect of ischemic postconditioning (IPO) on lung ischemic reperfusion (L/R) in rats in vivo and the mechanism of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel (mitoKATP) blocker in the ischemic postconditioning. Methods Thirty five Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: sham group, I/R group, ischemic postconditioning (IPO) group, I/R +5-hydroxydecanoate (I/R + 5-HD) group, IPO + 5-HD group. The concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) and activity of superoide dismutase (SOD) were determined in the lung homogenate, wet to dry weight ratio (W/D) was measured and pathological changes were also observed. Results The levels of MDA[(5.07±1.60) vs (1.43 ±0.41) nmol/mg prot,P＜0. 01]and W/D (5.45 ±0.82 vs 3.05 ±0. 47,P ＜0. 01 ) were increased significantly in I/R group as compared with sham group, while the activity of SOD[( 12. 38 ±2. 24) vs (45.51 ±5.42) U/mg prot,P ＜0. 01]was decreased, and the injury of lung tissues was significantly aggravated in IPO + 5-HD group as compared with IPO group[MDA: (3.74 ±0. 71 ) nmol/mg prot vs (2. 60 ± 0. 43 ) nmol/mg prot , P ＜ 0. 01]; W/D: 4. 64 ± 0. 79 vs 3. 89 ± 0. 60,P＜0.01; SOD:[(22.91 ±2.71) U/mg prot vs (28.74±2.03) U/mg prot,P＜0. 01]. The levels of MDA[(2.60±0.43) vs (5.07 ±1.60) nmol/mg prot,P＜0. 01]and W/D (3.89 ±0.60 vs 5.45 ±0. 82,P ＜0. 01 ) were decreased significantly in IPO group as compared with I/R group, the activity of SOD[(28.74±2.03) vs (12.38 ±2.24) U/mg prot,P＜0. 01]increased and lung tissue histological damage attenuated. The difference in MDA[(5.14 ± 1.30) vs (5.07 ± 1.60) nmol/mg prot, P ＞ 0. 05],W/D (5.54±0.61 vs5.45 ±0.82,P＞0.05) and SOD[(11.65 ±1.82) vs (12.38 ±2.24) U/mgprot,P ＞ 0. 05]levels had no statistical significance between I/R + 5-HD group and I/R group, and the injury of lung tissues had no significant difference too. Each index in IPO + 5-HD group was between IPO and I/R groups. Conclusion Ischemic postconditioning can attenuate the lung I/R injury, and mitoKATP plays a vital role in the protective procession of ischemic postconditioning on lung ischemic reperfusion.     

丹参酮ⅡA对兔纤维环细胞能量代谢的保护作用

[目的]考察丹参酮ⅡA(TSⅡA)对白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)诱导的兔纤维环细胞能量代谢障碍的保护作用.[方法]藻酸盐串珠立体培养兔纤维环细胞,将细胞分为7组,在培养过程中加入不同浓度的药物:A组为空白对照不加入药物,B组加入4 μg/ml TSⅡA,C组加入10ng/ml IL-1β,D～G组在给予10 ng/mlIL-1β同时分别加入0.5、1、2和4 μg/ml TSⅡA.于培养3 d后行Na+-K+-ATP酶活性检测、,琥珀酸脱氢酶活性检测、MTT法细胞增殖情况检测以及细胞凋亡的流式细胞仪检测.[结果]G组Na+-K+-ATP酶活性(3.23±0.28U/mgprot)较C组(1.118±0.15U/mgprot)明显增高(P<0.01),与A组接近(3.57±0.15 U/mgprot)(P>0.05).G组琥珀酸脱氢酶活性(12.48±0.97U/mgprot)较c组(3.03±0.60 U/mgprot)明显增高(P<0.01),与A组接近(14.24±1.56 U/mgprot)(P>0.05).G组MTT试验吸光度(0.77±0.06)较C组(0.31±0.07)明显增高(P＜0.01),随着TSⅡA浓度的升高,D～G组吸光度随着TsIIA上升而上升.G组细胞死亡细胞比例和凋亡细胞比例分别为21.08±1.46%和8.99±0.33%,均显著低c组(43.11±2.7,P<0.01和11.71±0.32,P<0.01).[结论]TSIIA能够减轻IL-1β对纤维环细胞能量代谢的抑制作用,从而改善纤维环细胞的增殖、死亡及凋亡.