Hedgehog信号传导通路相关基因在肝癌组织中的表达研究

目的 研究Hedgehog信号传导通路相关基因在肝癌组织中的表达,及其抑制剂对肿瘤细胞生长的影响.方法 免疫组化法检测14例肝癌组织切片、4个肝癌细胞系和正常肝细胞中Hedgehog信号传导通路成员Ihh、Ptch、Smo、Gli的蛋白表达;Western blot检测9例新鲜肝癌组织标本、6例正常肝组织标本和肝癌细胞系中Ihh、Ptch、Smo、Gh的蛋白表达;RT-PCR检测3肝癌组织标本和肝癌细胞系中Ihh、Ptch、Smo、Gli、Hip mRNA表达.结果 14例肝癌组织中免疫组化染色阳性的Gli 6例(42.9%),Ptch 10例(71.4%),Ihh 10例(71.4%),Smo 12例(85.7%).Western blot和RT-PCR检测显示,肿瘤组织中Gli基因的mRNA和蛋白表达均高于正常肝脏细胞,Hip基因的mRNA表达低于正常肝细胞.肝癌细胞系HepG2,Bel-7402和QGY-7701免疫细胞化学染色Pteh和Gli同时为阳性,证明为Hedgehog通路活化的细胞系.在环耙明(KAAD-cyclopamine)作用后,3个细胞系Ptch及Gli基因的mRNA表达下调(Ptch基因tHepG2=3.78,tBel-7402=9.03,tQGY-7701=5.63,Gli基因tHepG2=9.61,tBel-7402=4.15,tQGY-7701=20.30,均P＜0.05);QGY-7701组Hip基因RNA表达上调(t=4.70,P＜0.05).环耙明抑制肝癌细胞系QGY-7701的作用最明显.结论 原发性肝癌组织中Hedgehog信号传导通路有多种基因表达,环耙明有抑制肝癌细胞生长的作用.     

Hedgehog信号通路效应蛋白在前列腺癌组织中的表达及意义

目的 探讨Hedgehog(Hh)信号通路中效应蛋白在人前列腺癌、癌旁正常前列腺组织中的表达及意义.方法 采用免疫组织化学方法检测51例前列腺癌和癌旁正常前列腺组织中Shh、Ptch1和Gli1的表达.结果 Shh、Ptch1和Gli1在前列腺癌组织中均为高表达,Shh与Ptch1的表达呈正相关.结论 在前列腺癌Hh信号通路中Shh、Ptch1和Gli1呈现高度表达状态,Gti1更能准确地反映前列腺癌细胞的增殖水平和分化程度.     

Hedgehog信号通路在脑胶质瘤的表达及其预后意义

目的 观测Hedgehog信号通路在脑胶质瘤的表达,探讨其表达在脑胶质瘤的预后意义.方法 选取118例原发性脑胶质瘤患者的手术切除标本,运用免疫组织化学方法检测Sonic hedgehog(Shh)、受体Patched(Ptch)及下游转录因子Gli1的表达,采用Kaplan-Meier生存分析和Cox比例风险回归模型评价脑胶质瘤患者的预后.结果 免疫染色结果显示Shh、Ptch和Gli1的阳性表达率随胶质瘤病理等级升高呈增强趋势(P＜0.01);随KPS评分的下降而成增强趋势(P＜0.01).生存分析表明,阳性表达Shh、Ptch和Gli1的胶质瘤患者总体存活率低于三者不表达的患者(P＜0.01).多因素Cox分析显示KPS(P＜0.05)、WHO grade(P＜0.01)、Shh(P＜0.05)、Ptch (P＜0.05)和Gli1(P＜0.05)是影响脑胶质瘤预后的独立因素.结论 脑胶质瘤的Shh-Ptch1-Gli1 信号通路处于激活状态,与脑胶质瘤的临床病理特征及预后参数密切相关,提示Hedgehog信号通路的活化在脑胶质瘤的恶性潜能和患者的生存时间起重要的预示作用.     

Hedgehog信号通路对肝星状细胞激活和增殖的影响

目的 观察Hedgehog信号通路在肝星状细胞(HSC)中的表达情况及Hedgehog信号通路对HSC激活和增殖的调控作用.方法 采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)的方法检测大鼠HSC细胞株rHSC-99中Hedgehog信号通路各成分的表达.构建含Ihh、Smo、Gli2的干扰片段的质粒,分别转染HSC,用SYBR Green荧光定量PCR的方法检测转染后Ihh、Smo、Gli2的表达,Western blot方法检测HSC中α-SMA表达,酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)方法检测转染后HSC细胞培养上清中I型胶原含量的变化,用噻唑蓝(MTT)比色法检测转染后HSC的增殖情况.结果 Hedgehog信号通路中Ihh、Smo、Ptc、Gli2、Gli3在HSC中表达;荧光定量PCR结果显示转染含Ihh、Smo、Gli2的siRNA质粒后的HSC中相应基因Ihh、Smo、Gli2的mRNA表达明显下降(0.254±0.130、0.221±0.150、0.235 4±0.110比1,P<0.01);Western blot结果显示HSC中α-SMA表达明显下降(0.191±0.014、0.357±0.021、0.086±0.016比1.143±0.017,P<0.01);EHSA结果显示转染后的HSC中I型胶原分泌明显减少(22.9 4±2.0、16.4±1.4、17.6±1.8比40.7±4.3,P<0.01);MTT结果显示细胞增殖受到抑制(0.204±0.019、0.226±0.014、0.228±0.015比0.412±0.016,P<0.05).结论 HSC表达Hedgehog信号通路中的Ihh、Smo、Ptc、Gli2、Gli3,下调Hedgehog信号通路可以抑制HSC激活和增殖.     

Hh信号通路相关因子Shh、Ptch1、Gli1 mRNA的表达及意义

目的探讨前列腺癌、癌旁前列腺组织以及正常前列腺增生组织中Hedgehog(Hh)信号通路相关因子Shh、Ptch1、Gli1 mRNA的表达及意义。方法选择2017年2月至2019年2月本院收治的42例前列腺癌患者作为研究对象, 设为观察组。所有患者均拟手术治疗, 术中取癌组织与癌旁组织(距离病灶≥3 cm);选择同期手术治疗的39例前列腺增生患者的手术标本, 设为对照组。利用免疫组化和qRT-PCR技术检测前列腺增生、前列腺癌和癌旁组织中Hh信号通路相关因子Shh、Ptch1和Gli1蛋白及mRNA的表达情况, 分析比较Hh信号通路在前列腺增生、前列腺癌和癌旁组织中表达的差异及其机制。结果观察组的癌旁组织与对照组的Shh、Ptch1和Gli1蛋白阳性率比较, 差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);观察组的癌组织中Shh、Ptch1和Gli1蛋白阳性率均高于对照组(均P<0.05)。观察组的癌旁组织与对照组的Shh、Ptch1和Gli1 mRNA表达水平比较, 差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);观察组的癌组织中Shh、Ptch1和Gli1 mRNA表达水平均高于观...     

Hedgehog信号通路在人肝癌细胞株中的表达及意义

目的 探讨Hedgehog信号通路在人肝细胞癌细胞系中的表达及意义。 方法 采用半定量 RT-PCR 法检测PLC/PRF/5、HepG2及 SMMC-7721肝癌细胞株中Shh、Ptch1、Smo、Gli1、Gli2 mRNA 的表达;Western blot法检测PLC/PRF/5、HepG2及 SMMC-7721肝癌细胞株中Gli2蛋白的表达。 结果 除Shh外, Ptch1、Smo、Gli1、Gli2 mRNA在PLC/PRF/5、HepG2及 SMMC-7721细胞中均有不同程度表达。其中,Ptch1、Smo、Gli1、Gli2 mRNA在PLC/PRF/5及SMMC-7721细胞中的表达强度显著高于成人正常肝细胞,而Gli1 mRNA在HepG2细胞中的表达量与正常肝细胞无明显差异;Gli2蛋白在成人正常肝细胞中几乎没有表达,在HepG2细胞中的表达也与正常肝细胞无明显差别,而在PLC/PRF/5及 SMMC-7721细胞中,尤其是SMMC-7721细胞,Gli2的表达量异常增高。 结论 Hedgehog 信号通路的异常激活参与了肝细胞癌的发生发展过程,Gli2可能成为肝细胞癌重要生物学标志和生物治疗靶点。     

On the horizon:Hedgehog signaling to heal broken bones

Uncovering the molecular pathways that drive skeletal repair has been an ongoing challenge. Initial efforts have relied on in vitro assays to identify the key signaling pathways that drive cartilage and bone differentiation. While these assays can provide some clues, assessing specific pathways in animal models is critical. Furthermore, definitive proof that a pathway is required for skeletal repair is best provided using genetic tests. Stimulating the Hh(Hedgehog) pathway can promote cartilage ...     

Hedgehog信号传导通路相关基因在肿瘤组织中的表达及其特异性抑制剂Cyclopamine对增殖、凋亡的影响

目的 观察Hedgehog信号传导通路相关基因在肿瘤组织中的表达,及其特异性抑制剂Cyclopamine对肿瘤细胞增殖、凋亡的影响.方法 免疫组织化学法检测80例人口腔鳞癌组织中Hedgehog信号传导通路成员Shh、Smo、Ptch、Gli-1表达;CCK8法检测对HSQ-89细胞增殖的影响;AnnexinV-PI双染流式细胞仪检测Cyclopamine对HSQ-89细胞凋亡的影响;逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测Cyclopamine处理后HSQ-89细胞凋亡相关蛋白表达变化.结果 Hh家族成员Shh、Smo、Ptch、Gli-1在80例口腔鳞癌中的表达率分别为:61.25%、56.25%、47.50%、53.75%,明显高于正常人;在低分化或发生淋巴结转移的病例中表达更高.Cyclopamine可抑制HSQ-89细胞增殖及诱导凋亡,且抑制效应呈浓度依赖性.Cyclopamine(0、5、10、20、40、80μmol/L)作用下,细胞增殖抑制率分别为0、3.0%、4.5%、28.2%、51.2%、62.7%,凋亡率分别为3.01%、3.36%、5.70%、9.42%.经Cyclopamine处理后HSQ-89细胞中bcl-2表达下降,bcl-xL、Bid等表达不变.结论 口腔鳞癌组织中Hedgehog信号转导通路有多种基因异常表达增高,Cyclopamine可通过抑制bcl-2表达而发挥抑制癌细胞增殖、诱导凋亡效应.     

茶多酚通过调节Akt通路诱导胰腺癌细胞凋亡

Objective To investigate the regulation of Akt signaling pathway involved in apeptosis of Panc-I cells induced by polyphenol ( - )-epigallocatechin-3-gallate. Methods Pane-1 cells were maintained in DMEM with 10% fetal calf serum in a 95% air,5% CO2 atmosphere,then incubated in different concentrations of EGCG (6.3,12.5,25.0,50.0 μmol/L). The growth arrest effect was determined by MTT assay, and apoptosis was detected by agarose gel electrophoresis. The levels of Akt (60×103 ) and Bad (23×103) were determined by Western blot. Results EGCG time and dose dependently repressed the growth of Panc-1 cells and induced apeptosis in Panc-1 cells ( P <0.05 ). The expression of p-Akt (set473) and p-Bad (ser136) was reduced in a dose-dependent way,whereas the pan-Akt and pan-Bad were unchanged (P < 0.05). Conclusion EGCG can induce apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells in a dose-and time-dependent fashion by attenuating the blocking effects of Akt signaling pathway on Bad proteins.     

Hedgehog信号通路与肿瘤发生机制的研究进展

恶性肿瘤是危害人类健康的主要疾病之一,确切的发病机制尚不清楚,但可以肯定的是,其形成具有多因素、多步骤的特点,涉及一系列原癌基因异常的激活以及抑癌基因突变导致的失活,从而引起一些信号转导通路的异常.近年来,通过对Hedgehog(Hh)信号通路的研究显示,Hh基因编码一系列分泌型信号蛋白,对胚胎发育过程中的细胞分化和增...     

Hedgehog signaling in prostate growth and benign prostate hyperplasia

Hedgehog (Hh) signaling has long been recognized for its role in axial patterning, mesenchymal-epithelial inductive signaling, and growth regulation during fetal development. In many embryonic tissues, Hh functions as a proliferative stimulus. Sonic hedgehog and Indian hedgehog are both expressed by the urothelium of the fetal prostate anlage, where they regulate cell proliferation and differentiation and play a role in prostate ductal budding. Whereas Hh signaling in mouse prostate diminishes during adolescence and is maintained at a low level in the adult, robust Hh signaling is commonly found in the adult human prostate. The reason(s) for robust Hh signaling in the adult human prostate and the actions of Hh signaling on growth and differentiation in the adult are not well understood. However, increased Hh signaling has been associated with prostate cancer and has been shown to accelerate prostate cancer growth. These observations suggest that inappropriate reawakening of this developmental growth signal may play a pivotal role in prostate neoplasia. This review examines the role of Hh signaling during early prostate growth and in its corollary actions during prostate disease, including benign prostate hyperplasia and prostate cancer. The use of Hh inhibitors as a therapeutic modality for androgen-independent treatment of prostate disease is also discussed.     

FOXC2介导Hedgehog/Gli信号通路对乳腺癌侵袭及迁移的影响

目的探讨FOXC2介导Hedgehog/Gli信号通路通过调控上皮间质转化（EMT）途径参与乳腺癌侵袭及迁移的机制。 方法应用不同浓度环靶明（Cyclopamine）处理乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞,MTT法检测细胞增殖抑制率及计算药物半数抑制浓度（IC₅₀）;采用Cyclopamine或沉默FOXC2基因表达以阻断Hedgehog/Gli信号通路活化;通过Transwell小室体外侵袭实验及划痕实验分别检测阻断Hedgehog/Gli信号通路对MDA-MB-231细胞侵袭及迁移影响;Western blotting检测阻断前后Hedgehog/Gli信号通路分子Smoothened（Smo）、Gli1和EMT相关标志物FOXC2,E-cadherin及Vimentin蛋白表达变化。 结果与空白对照组比较,Cyclopamine可显著地抑制MDA-MB-231细胞增殖并呈现时效-量效关系,48 h的IC₅₀为25 μmol/L。Transwell小室体外侵袭实验及划痕实验均显示,与未转染组及Control-siRNA组相比,FOXC2-siRNA组和Cyclopamine组细胞穿膜数及迁移率均显著降低,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。Western blotting显示,与未转染组及Control-siRNA组相比较,FOXC2-siRNA组及Cyclopamine组Smo、Gli1及FOXC2蛋白表达显著降低,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。而沉默FOXC2表达可显著降低Vimentin蛋白表达及增加E-cadherin蛋白表达,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论FOXC2通过介导Hedgehog/Gli信号通路从而调控EMT促进乳腺癌侵袭及迁移,提示阻断该信号通路有望成为乳腺癌靶向治疗新线索。     

Hedgehog Signaling in Mammary Gland Development and Breast Cancer

The Hedgehog pathway is critical for many developmental processes, including the formation of several epidermal appendages. In the mammary gland strict regulation of the Hedgehog pathway is required for normal development. Alterations in Hedgehog signaling result in defects in both the embryonic and postnatal mammary gland. Activation of Hedgehog signaling either by mutation or misexpression of pathway members can lead to the development and/or progression of cancers in multiple organs. This review addresses the current understanding and controversies of Hedgehog signaling in mammary gland development and its potential role in promoting breast carcinogenesis and cancer progression.     

Hedgehog Signaling Controls Bone Homeostasis by Regulating Osteogenic/Adipogenic Fate of Skeletal Stem/Progenitor Cells in Mice

Skeletal stem/progenitor cells (SSPCs) can differentiate into osteogenic or adipogenic lineage. The mechanism governing lineage allocation of SSPCs is still not completely understood. Hedgehog (Hh) signaling plays an essential role in specifying osteogenic fate of mesenchymal progenitors during embryogenesis. However, it is still unclear whether Hh signaling is required for lineage allocation of SSPCs in postnatal skeleton, and whether its dysregulation is related to age-related osteoporosis. Here, we demonstrated that Hh signaling was activated in metaphyseal SSPCs during osteogenic differentiation in the adult skeleton, and its activity decreased with aging. Inactivation of Hh signaling by genetic ablation of Smo, a key molecule in Hh signaling, in Osx-Cre–targeted SSPCs and hypertrophic chondrocytes led to decreased bone formation and increased bone marrow adiposity, two key pathological features of age-related osteoporosis. Moreover, we found that the bone-fat imbalance phenotype caused by Smo deletion mainly resulted from aberrant allocation of SSPCs toward adipogenic lineage at the expense of osteogenic differentiation, but not due to accelerated transdifferentiation of chondrocytes into adipocytes. Mechanistically, we found that Hh signaling regulated osteoblast versus adipocyte fate of SSPCs partly through upregulating Wnt signaling. Thus, our results indicate that Hh signaling regulates bone homeostasis and age-related osteoporosis by acting as a critical switch of cell fate decisions of Osx-Cre–targeted SSPCs in mice and suggest that Hh signaling may serve as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of osteoporosis and other metabolic bone diseases. © 2021 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).     

NF-κB信号通路在胰腺癌转移调控中的作用机制

胰腺癌是恶性程度较高的肿瘤之一,绝大多数患者最终死于其广泛转移.多种基因介导的细胞信号通路参与了胰腺癌侵袭和转移的调控.核因子-κB是其中关键的调控通路之一.研究发现,核因子-κB通路对细胞增生、凋亡抵抗、血管形成、上皮间质转化、炎症反应和应激反应等一系列与转移相关的生物学过程具有重要的调控作用,并且可以上调Hedgehog、MMPs等介导转移的信号通路,为临床医师更好地理解胰腺癌转移的调控机制,进一步寻找高敏感性的肿瘤标志物及选择性强的治疗靶点提供了新的思路.