降糖灵浓缩散剂药效学研究

目的研究降糖灵浓缩散剂对高血糖小鼠和正常活动的降血糖作用及其对葡萄糖性高血糖和肾上腺素高血糖的影响.方法将降糖灵给予受试动物灌胃;用葡萄糖氧化酶法测定血糖,数据经t检验统计处理.结果降糖灵ig5d可使葡萄糖性高血糖小鼠的血糖明显下降(P＜0.05～P＜0.001),并能使正常大鼠肾上腺素高血糖显著降低.(P＜0.05).而同样剂量对正常小鼠血糖无显著影响.结论降糖灵浓缩散剂对正常小鼠血糖含量无显著影响;对葡萄糖性高血糖小鼠和肾上腺素性高血糖大鼠显示出显著的降糖作用.     

克糖特2号对实验性糖尿病小鼠的药效学研究

目的观察克糖特2号对实验性糖尿病小鼠的影响。方法采用链脲佐菌素(STZ)致糖尿病小鼠模型及肾上腺素引起的高血糖小鼠模型,随机分为糖尿病模型组、优降糖组、克糖特2号高、中、低剂量组,另设正常对照组,连续给药15d。在相应时间测定肾上腺素所致小鼠高血糖模型血糖、STZ致糖尿病小鼠模型空腹血糖、药后2h血糖、胰岛素水平,同时对STZ所致糖尿病小鼠进行胰腺病理组织学检查。结果对STZ诱发糖尿病小鼠模型,克糖特2号的降糖作用显著优于模型组(P<0.01)。对肾上腺素诱发的高血糖小鼠模型,克糖特2号能够减轻高血糖反应,与模型组比较,有显著性差异(P<0.05或P<0.01)。病理学研究可见克糖特2号组胰腺组织中胰岛数目较模型组增多。结论克糖特2号有降低血糖、保护胰岛β细胞的作用,降血糖作用机制可能与其促进胰岛素分泌有关。     

枇杷叶乙醇提取物降血糖的实验研究

目的:观察枇杷叶乙醇提取物时正常小鼠及肾上腺素和葡萄糖引起的高血糖动物模型的作用.方法:采用注射肾上腺素和葡萄糖引起的高血糖动物模型及正常ICR小鼠,分别以枇杷叶提取物低、中、高剂量进行灌胃,给药结束后测定血糖水平.结果:提取物中、高剂量组在0.5h时有对抗肾上腺素的升血糖作用(P<0.05-0.01),高剂量组在1 h时能降低肾上腺性高血糖(P<0.05);提取物中、高荆量组对葡萄糖引起的血糖升高有抑制作用(P<0.05-0.01),提取物对正常小鼠的血糖值作用明显(P<0.05-0.01).结论:枇杷叶乙醇提取物对多种动物模型具有较好的降血糖作用.     

灵芝多糖降血糖作用的研究

目的:研究灵芝多糖对四氧嘧啶致高血糖小鼠、去甲肾上腺素致高血糖小鼠及正常小鼠血糖水平的影响。方法:制备四氧嘧啶致糖尿病小鼠模型及去甲肾上腺素致高血糖小鼠模型,给药2周后取血测定血糖水平。结果:灵芝多糖能明显降低四氧嘧啶所致糖尿病小鼠及去甲肾上腺素所致高血糖小鼠的血糖水平,其中高剂量组与模型对照组相比均有显著意义(P<0.05),而对正常小鼠血糖水平影响较小,低、中、高剂量组与正常对照组相比均无显著意义(P>0.05)。结论:灵芝多糖对四氧嘧啶致高血糖小鼠及去甲肾上腺素致高血糖小鼠具有明显降血糖作用,而对正常小鼠血糖水平影响较小。     

滇黄精对诱导性高血糖小鼠血糖影响的实验研究

目的 观察滇黄精提取物对正常小鼠血糖及几种物质诱导性小鼠高血糖的影响.方法 用10%葡萄糖和240 μg/kg肾上腺素造成小鼠生理性高血糖模型,80 mg/kg四氧嘧啶造成小鼠糖尿病模型,滇黄精提取物与优降糖进行对照,观察滇黄精提取物对上述模型动物血糖的影响.结果 滇黄精提取物对正常小鼠血糖无明显作用;滇黄精提取物能降低葡萄糖性和肾上腺素性高血糖小鼠的血糖水平(P＜0.05);滇黄精提取物能显著降低四氧嘧啶性糖尿病小鼠的血糖水平(P＜0.01).结论 滇黄精提取物对多种原因导致的高血糖小鼠有降糖的作用.     

瑶药地菍不同提取部位的降血糖活性研究

目的观察瑶药地菍不同提取部位的降血糖活性。方法地菍用95%乙醇提取,再依次用石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取制备不同提取部位,分别采用四氧嘧啶、链脲佐菌素致小鼠糖尿病模型、肾上腺素及高浓度葡萄糖致小鼠高血糖模型,观察地菍的降血糖活性。结果地菍的乙酸乙酯部位和正丁醇部位均能不同程度降低上述模型小鼠的空腹血糖。结论瑶药地菍的乙酸乙酯部位和正丁醇部位为其主要降糖活性部位,尤以乙酸乙酯部位疗效较佳。     

栀子降血糖作用的实验研究

目的研究中药栀子对正常动物及几种糖尿病模型动物血糖的影响。方法用外源性葡萄糖致高血糖、肾上腺素致高血糖、地塞米松致胰岛素抵抗和四氧嘧啶致糖尿病小鼠模型,分别观察栀子对正常和糖尿病模型小鼠血糖的影响。结果栀子能显著降低葡萄糖、肾上腺素、地塞米松和四氧嘧啶致高血糖小鼠的血糖,对正常小鼠也有一定的降糖趋势。结论中药栀子对正常小鼠和数种糖尿病模型小鼠具有降低血糖的作用。     

山楂水提液及其颗粒溶液对小鼠血糖的实验研究

目的研究山楂水提液及山楂颗粒对小鼠血糖的影响。方法通过建立四氧嘧啶或链脲佐菌素诱导小鼠高血糖的模型,按高、中、低剂量的山楂水提液和同样高、中、低剂量的山楂颗粒灌胃给药,正常对照组和模型对照组给予等体积的生理盐水,阳性对照组给予盐酸二甲双胍或格列本脲,观察给药后小鼠血糖的影响。结果山楂水提液中剂量组对四氧嘧啶致小鼠高血糖有显著降血糖作用(P<0.05)。山楂水提液高剂量组及山楂颗粒溶液高剂量组对四氧嘧啶致小鼠高血糖有显著升高血糖作用(P<0.05)。山楂水提液及山楂颗粒对链脲佐菌素诱导小鼠高血糖没有降血糖作用(P>0.05)。结论山楂水提液中剂量组对四氧嘧啶致小鼠高血糖有显著降血糖作用;而山楂水提液高、低剂量组和山楂颗粒各组无降血糖作用。山楂水提液和山楂颗粒各剂量组对链脲佐菌素实验性高血糖小鼠没有降血糖作用。     

柿叶三萜粗提物对糖尿病小鼠血糖及其肝糖原的影响

目的研究柿叶三萜粗提物对链脲佐菌素糖尿病小鼠血糖水平的影响及其降糖机制。方法将实验小鼠随机分成5组:正常对照组,模型组,格列本脲组(25 mg·kg-1·d-1),柿叶三萜粗提物低、高剂量组(187.5,750 mg·kg-1·d-1),ig给药15 d。期间观察记录小鼠饮食、饮水、体质量、大小便、死亡率等一般情况,在相应时间采血测定空腹血糖(FBG)、肝糖原等指标。结果柿叶三萜粗提物对链脲佐菌素所致糖尿病小鼠有显著降低血糖的作用(P<0.01或P<0.05)。柿叶三萜粗提物能增加肝糖原合成(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论柿叶三萜粗提物能明显降低STZ致糖尿病小鼠的血糖水平,是柿叶降血糖作用有效成分之一。     

金线莲组织培养苗降血糖作用的研究

目的研究金线莲组织培养苗提取物(TCAE)对糖尿病小鼠的降血糖作用。方法观察TCAE对正常小鼠血糖的影响,并分别采用肾上腺素的四氧嘧啶制备高血糖小鼠模型。对肾上腺素所致高血糖小鼠和四氧嘧啶所致高血糖模型小鼠均灌予TCAE,TCAE大剂量组(4g/kg)、TCAE小剂量组(2g/kg),分别测定各组小鼠血糖。结果TCAE大剂量组可显著降低肾上腺素高血糖小鼠血糖的含量;TCAE小剂量组即可明显降低四氧嘧啶所致高血糖小鼠的血糖含量,而TCAE大剂量组及TCAE小剂量组对正常小鼠血糖均无显著影响。结论TCAE对四氧嘧啶致糖尿病小鼠及肾上腺素高血糖小鼠具有明显的降血糖作用。     

A comparative study of Embelia schiperi and Embelia keniensis on blood glucose and triglycerides in normal and epinephrine-induced hyperglycemic mice

Intraperitoneal administration of the methanol extract of Embelia schiperi (ES) to normal mice caused a significant decrease in blood glucose (p < 0.01) and a significant increase in triglycerides 4 hours after administration at 100 mg/kg (p < 0.01). The toluene fraction of Embelia keniensis methanol extract (TS) showed hypoglycemic and lipid lowering activity 7 hours after intraperitoneal administration at 100 mg/kg. In addition, TS (100 mg/kg) administration significantly decreased blood glucose in epinephrine-induced hyperglycemic mice (p < 0.01). Moreover, ES tended to increase while TS tended to decrease the blood triglycerides in epinephrine-induced hyperglycemic mice. On the other hand, no changes in blood cholesterol were observed after the administration of ES or TS in normal and epinephrine-induced hyperglycemic mice. We found that two species from Embelia, ES and TS, have different activities on blood glucose and triglycerides in normal and epinephrine-induced hyperglycemic mice.     

苦瓜醇提物的降血糖作用

苦瓜醇提物能显著增加正常小鼠肝糖元的含量,并改善正常小鼠的糖耐量,能够显著降低链脲佐菌素致糖尿病模型小鼠的血糖含量,明显降低四氧嘧啶糖尿病大鼠的血糖含量     

麦冬总皂苷对实验性高血糖小鼠的降糖作用

目的：研究麦冬总皂苷对实验性糖尿病小鼠血糖的影响。方法：麦冬总皂苷（100,200,400 mg/kg）灌胃,测定正常小鼠及由四氧嘧啶、肾上腺素、葡萄糖所致高血糖小鼠血糖水平。结果：麦冬总皂苷对四氧嘧啶、肾上腺素及葡萄糖引起的小鼠高血糖均有抑制作用。结论：麦冬总皂苷对实验性高血糖小鼠有明显的降糖作用。     

糖原磷酸化酶抑制剂山楂酸对小鼠血糖和肝糖原的影响

目的：考察糖原磷酸化酶抑制剂山楂酸对正常和实验性高血糖模型小鼠的降血糖作用及对肝糖原的影响，初步探讨其降糖机制。方法：山楂酸灌胃7天，分别以皮下注射肾上腺素，口服葡萄糖造成小鼠高血糖模型，与正常组一起测定静脉血糖和肝糖原含量结果：山楂酸可显著对抗肾上腺素、葡萄糖引起的血糖升高，对抗肾上腺素引起的肝糖原降解，增加葡萄糖致高血糖小鼠肝糖原含量；可增加正常小鼠肝糖原储备，但不影响正常血糖、结论：山楂酸具有降血糖作用，机制与其抑制肝糖原分解有关。     

瑶药柚子枫提取物降血糖作用的研究

目的:研究瑶药柚子枫提取物的降血糖作用。方法:采用四氧嘧啶所致小鼠糖尿病模型和葡萄糖所致高血糖小鼠模型,ig给药7 d后,测定血糖水平。结果:柚子枫水提醇沉上清液提取物(A1)和水提醇沉沉淀物(A2)ig 5,10,20 g.kg-1对四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠血糖升高有明显抑制作用,70%醇提物(B)对高血糖值降低作用不明显。A1,A2在ip葡萄糖后0.5,1,2h,对葡萄糖引起高血糖小鼠血糖升高有明显降低作用,B在5～20 g.kg-1剂量下1,2 h对高血糖值降低作用不明显。结论:A1,A2对2种高血糖模型作用效果一致,表现出降血糖作用;B无显著降糖作用。     

Antihyperglycaemic effect and acute toxicity of Securigera Securidaca L. seed extracts in mice

The antihyperglycaemic activity of a Securigera securidaca aqueous infusion and an ethanol maceration extract of seeds was studied in normoglycaemic, glucose-induced hyperglycaemic and alloxan-induced diabetic mice. The acute toxicity of the ethanol extract was more than that of the aqueous one. The phytochemical analysis showed that the seed extracts were rich in flavonoids. The intraperitoneal and oral administration of the aqueous and ethanol extracts significantly reduced blood glucose in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. In normoglycaemic and glucose-induced hyperglycaemic mice, the blood glucose levels were not significantly different from the control. Glibenclamide was not able to lower blood glucose in alloxan-induced diabetic mice, while it significantly lowered the blood sugar in normoglycaemic mice. The results indicate that S. securidaca seed extracts significantly reduce blood glucose in alloxan-induced diabetic mice by a mechanism different from that of sulfonylurea agents.     

Hypoglycaemic Agent(s) in Leaves of Elaeophorbia drupifera

Male white Wistar rats (250–300 g), after an overnight fast, were treated with a crude extract (20 mg/kg oral) from the leaves of E. drupifera . The extract was administered 2 h before and 2 h after either an oral glucose load (3 g/kg) or a subcutaneous injection of adrenaline (0.01 mg/kg). The results showed that the extract reduced the blood glucose levels in rats that received the extract 2 h before glucose and adrenaline administration by about 34.3% and 35.2%, respectively. For the group that received the extract 2 h after glucose and adrenaline administration, the blood glucose levels were reduced by about 52.8% and 29.7%, respectively. Comparison was made between the action of the extract and a known hypoglycaemic drug — glibenclamide (0.29 mg/kg oral). The extract (20 mg/kg oral) was found to be faster and more effective than glibenclamide in lowering the blood glucose levels in fasting rats.     

Effect of Red Sea sponge extracts on blood glucose levels in normal mice

The effects of extracts from 6 species of Red Sea sponges at two oral dose levels on blood glucose in normal mice were studied. Most extracts showed a hyperglycemic effect. An ethanol extract of Haliclona virdis showed a significant hypoglycemic effect lasting for more than 8 h after single oral doses of 200 or 500 mg/kg to normal mice.     

Comparison between ethanolic and aqueous extracts from Chinese juniper berries for hypoglycaemic and hypolipidemic effects in alloxan-induced diabetic rats

AIM OF THE STUDY: Hypoglycaemic and hypolipidemic properties of the ethanolic and aqueous extracts, respectively, from Chinese juniper (Juniperus chinensis L.) berries were investigated in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After oral administration of each extract singly or repeatedly to alloxan-induced diabetic rats, the blood glucose, glutamate-pyruvate transferase (GPT), glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels were assayed. RESULTS: The blood glucose levels after a single oral administration of the ethanolic extract significantly reduced in a time-dependent manner, which is much faster and more than that of glibenclamide. The blood glucose levels of alloxan-induced diabetic rats treated with the ethanolic extract were reduced to 94, 81%, 66%, 45% and 40% at 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9h, respectively (p<0.05), while the aqueous extract had no effect at all. Repeated oral administration of the ethanolic extract also effectively reduced the GPT value to 58% of the diabetic rats, but slightly reduced the GOT value to 87% of the diabetic rats (p<0.05). On the other hand, the repeated oral administration of aqueous extract effectively reduced the GOT value to 43% of the diabetic rats, without affecting the GPT level. Effects of both extracts on the TC and TG levels were different. There was no significant difference in the TC and TG levels between diabetic control and diabetic groups when repeatedly administered orally with ethanolic extract. On the other hand, the aqueous extract brought down the TC value to 57% and the TG value to 37% of the diabetic control rats (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results suggested that the ethanolic extract of Chinese juniper berries possesses a potential hypoglycaemic effect while the aqueous extract has a potential hypolipidemic effect.     

广西藤茶总黄酮降血糖的实验研究

目的 :为了研究广西藤茶总黄酮 (GXTF)的降血糖作用 ,观察了GXTF对多种动物模型血糖水平的影响。方法 :采用四氧嘧啶所致糖尿病模型、肾上腺素和葡萄糖引起的高血糖小鼠模型 ,以及正常小鼠口服给药 ,测定各模型小鼠的血糖水平 ;并对GXTF进行了急性毒性试验。结果 :GXTF对四氧嘧啶所致糖尿病小鼠有较好的治疗作用 ,对肾上腺素、葡萄糖引起的高血糖小鼠也有明显的降血糖作用 ,但对正常小鼠血糖无明显影响。急性毒性试验表明 ,其最大灌胃量为 26.0 g·kg^-1。结论 :GXTF对多种动物模型具有较好的降血糖作用 ,且毒性很小。