支气管哮喘患者记忆性T淋巴细胞对B淋巴细胞产生IgE作用的研究

目的 探讨记忆性（ＣＤ４＾＋ＣＤ４５ＲＯ＾＋）Ｔ淋巴细胞在支气管哮喘的发病中的作用。方法 分别分离出支气管哮喘病人及健康对照的ＣＤ４＾＋ＣＤ４５ＲＯ＾＋Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群,并将其与各自的Ｂ淋巴细胞共同培养,设定刺激组（美洲商陆有丝分裂原）及非刺激组,测定培养上清液中ＩｇＥ的含量。结果 哮喘病人自然状态的ＣＤ４＾＋ＣＤ４５ＲＯ＾＋Ｔ淋巴细胞对Ｂ淋巴细胞产生ＩｇＥ有正向促进作用,但有接受美洲商陆有丝分裂原     

Inhibition of leukemic cell proliferation by factor(s) released from irradiated lymphocytes of B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients

An attempt was made to clarify the mechanism by which splenic irradiation in patients with B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) can induce a reduction in lymph node size. For this purpose peripheral blood lymphocytes from B-CLL patients were exposed to cobalt irradiation and were cultured for 1–8 days. The effect of the supernatants on the proliferation capacity of normal and malignant human cells was examined. A suppression of phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-induced proliferation of autologous and heterologous B-CLL lymphocytes was observed, whereas there was no effect on the proliferation of lymphocytes obtained from healthy volunteers. in addition, supernatants of irradiated B-CLL lymphocytes inhibited thymidine incorporation into blasts derived from patients with acute leukemia and the lymphoblastoid cell line Daudi, but they did not exert any effect on normal cells obtained from human embryonic liver. These results suggest the secretion of some factor(s) by irradiated B-CLL lymphocytes, which may inhibit the proliferation of malignant cells but has no effect on normal cells. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Peripheral blood lymphocytes DNA in patients with chronic liver diseases

BACKGROUND: Viral replication in blood cells with nucleases may lead to the damage of lymphocytes genetic apparatus and the beginning of immunopathological reactions. AIM: Of this investigation is to reveal the damage to peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) DNA in the patients with chronic liver diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixteen-nine patients with chronic liver diseases (37 patients with chronic viral hepatitis, 2 patients with liver cirrhosis of mixed etiology (alcohol+virus G), 30 women with primary biliary cirrhosis-PBC) were examined. The condition of DNA structure of PBL was measured by the fluorescence analysis of DNA unwinding (FADU) technique with modification. Changes of fluorescence (in %) reflected the DNA distractions degree (the presence of DNA single-stranded breaks and alkalinelabile sights). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The quantity of DNA single-stranded breaks and alkalinelabile sights in DNA in all patients with chronic viral hepatitis didn't differ from the control group, excluding the patients with chronic hepatitis (CH) C+G. Patients with HGV and TTV monoinfection had demonstrated the increase of the DNA single-stranded breaks PBL quantity. This fact may be connected with hypothesis about the viruses replication in white blood cells discussed in the literature. Tendency to increase quantity of DNA PBL damages in the patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) accordingly to the alkaline phosphatase activity increase was revealed. Significant decrease of the DNA single-stranded breaks and alkalinelabile sights in the PBC patients that were treated with prednisone was demonstrated. Probably, the tendency to increase the quantity of DNA single stranded breaks and alkalinelabile sights in lymphocytes of the PBC patients was depended on the surplus of the blood bile acid content.     

Avenins from different cultivars of oats elicit response by coeliac peripheral lymphocytes

Objective. The avoidance of oats in coeliac patients is still controversial. If oats is confirmed to be safe, it would be a valuable component and offer more variation in a gluten-free diet. The aim of this work was to evaluate whether avenins from different varieties of oats show different abilities in the activation of coeliac peripheral lymphocytes. Material and methods. In order to assess whether the immunogenic effect of oats varies according to the cultivar, peripheral lymphocytes from 10 coeliac children were exposed to avenins from four different oats varieties: Lampton, Astra, Ava and Nave. Lymphocyte proliferation and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) release in the culture medium were measured as indexes of immune activation. Results. All the varieties of oats tested were immunogenic, with Lampton and Ava avenins inducing lymphocyte activation similar to that activated by wheat gliadin, while Astra and Nave avenins showed less immunogenicity, but still with a measurable effect. Conclusions. There are still concerns about the suitability of including oats in a gluten-free diet. Coeliac patients consuming oats-containing food should be carefully monitored, until there is more evidence to show the safety of oats and varieties of low-toxicity oats.     

A defect in the formation of uropod-bearing lymphocytes (hand-mirror cells) in patients with the wiskott-aldrich syndrome

The formation of a uropod by lymphocytes (hand-mirror cells) represents a morphologic stage of immune activation and motility in lymphocytes. Immune complexes have been previously shown to induce hand-mirror-cell (HMC) formation in human lymphocytes and have been associated with increased number of HMC in acute leukemia. We studied the ability of immune complexes to induce HMC in patients with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS), a disease of cellular immune deficiency. Our findings indicate that lymphocytes from patients with WAS adhere to immune complexes but have a defect in their ability to form HMC when compared with normal human lymphocytes. These results support the concept that immune complexes induce HMC formation and that the HMC is related to the normal cellular immune response.     

Induction of a lymphotoxin-like mediator in peripheral blood and synovial fluid lymphocytes by incubation with synovial fluid from patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Summary A significantly increased spontaneous cell-mediated cytotoxicity (SCMC) has been reported in synovial fluid lymphocytes (SFL) as compared to peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and that of normal controls [1–3]. To determine whether this increased SCMC activity is due to the production of a lymphokine and related to the production of a lymphotoxin (LT)-like mediator, PBL from normal controls and PBL and SFL from RA patients were incubated either with a human melanoma cell line (IGR 3) or with cell-free synovial fluid (SF) from RA patients. The SF and the cell-free supernatants of the different cultures were tested for LT activity by estimation of inhibition of DNA synthesis of HeLa cell monolayers and they were added to a SCMC assay system using normal PBL and IGR 3 as target.In the supernatants from cocultures of either PBL from controls or PBL and SFL from RA patients with IGR 3 cells, there was no significant difference in LT activity. An LT-like mediator was observed in the supernatants of all lymphocytes cocultured with SF, whereas SF alone and supernatants of lymphocytes alone exhibited little or no LT activity. In a control experiment, LT induction was not observed when normal lymphocytes were cultured with the serum of RA patients. Absorption of the culture supernatants with an insolubilised goat anti-human Ig did not remove LT activity. The demonstrated release of an LT-like mediator from lymphocytes incubated with SF might be one contributing mechanism to the inflammatory joint reaction in RA patients.     

WuT系列试剂检测我国不同地区艾滋病病人CD4和CD8细胞相对计数的效果评价

目的评价武汉生物制品研究所WuT系列CD3FITC/CD4PE和CD3FITC/CD8PE试剂,检测我国不同地区的艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者/艾滋病(AIDS)病人CD4和CD8细胞相对计数的效果。方法以美国BD公司的试剂为参比,用CD3FITC/CD4PE和CD3FITC/CD8PE试剂分别检测616人的CD4/CD3比值和584人的CD8/CD3的比值,用线性回归方法对结果进行比较。结果CD3FITC/CD4PE和CD3FITC/CD8PE试剂与参比试剂的检测结果有较好的一致性。CD3FITC/CD4PE试剂与参比试剂的检测结果呈正相关关系(r=0.956,P<0.01),回归方程为y=0.922x 0.0047;CD3FITC/CD8PE试剂与参比试剂的检测结果也呈正相关关系(r=0.941,P<0.01),回归方程为y=0.9464x 0.0097。结论WuT系列CD3FITC/CD4PE和CD3FITC/CD8PE试剂检测我国不同地区艾滋病病人的CD4和CD8细胞的相对计数取得较好的效果。     

ITP患者外周血淋巴细胞共刺激分子表达及意义

目的　研究共刺激分子在特发性血小板减少性紫癜 (ITP)外周血淋巴细胞的表达 ,并探讨其发病机制。方法　应用流式细胞术检测 2 8例 ITP患者及 15例正常对照者的外周血淋巴细胞 CD80 、CD2 8、CD86 表达 ,用酶联免疫吸附法检测血小板相关抗体 (PAIg G)水平 ;并与患者的临床资料进行相关性分析。结果　 1ITP组外周血淋巴细胞 CD2 8表达率降低 ,CD80 表达率略增加 ,与对照组均无统计学差异 ;CD86 表达率明显高于对照组 (P<0 .0 1)。 2 ITP组 2 1例 PAIg G水平升高 ,均值为 (197.39± 6 7.81) ng/ 10 7PA。 3ITP组外周血淋巴细胞 CD86 表达率与其巨核细胞数值呈正相关 (P<0 .0 5 )。结论　 ITP患者外周血淋巴细胞共刺激分子 CD2 8、CD80 表达无缺陷 ;CD86 表达明显增加。表明 CD86 可能参与 ITP的发病机制 ,应用抗 CD86 单克隆抗体方法可能治疗 ITP。     

大肠癌患者外周血及肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞Fas/FasL的表达

目的　探讨Fas及其配体FasL与大肠癌患者肿瘤局部及全身免疫反应的关系。方法　用流式细胞仪 (FCM )对 40例大肠癌患者外周血淋巴细胞 (PBL)及肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞 (TIL)的Fas及其配体FasL表达进行定性、定量分析 ,以 40例正常人的PBL作对照。结果　大肠癌患者TIL上Fas分子表达率为 16 8% ,PBL上Fas分子表达率为 8 0 % ,正常人PBL上Fas分子表达率为12 6% ,前者表达率明显高于后两者 (P <0 0 5 ) ,大肠癌患者PBL上Fas分子表达明显低于正常人PBL上Fas分子表达 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　Fas分子在大肠癌患者PBL与TIL中的表达不同 ;Fas/FasL在大肠癌患者肿瘤微环境和全身水平均参与了免疫系统与肿瘤的相互作用     

Functional analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes isolated from patients with chronic hepatitis type B

Cell-mediated immunity, evaluated by lymphocyte proliferation and expression of the activation antigen interleukin-2 receptor in response to mitogens such as phytohemagglutinin and concanavalin-A, has been reported to be defective in chronic hepatitis B virus carriers. However, no definite conclusion on the functional state of T cells from these patients can be drawn. In the present study, we have investigated the expression of a wide set of lymphoid activation molecules as well as the proliferative response of peripheral blood lymphocytes isolated from patients with chronic hepatitis type B afterin vitro stimulation with monoclonal antibodies to both the T-cell receptor-CD3 complex and the CD2 molecule, which are the two main T-cell activation pathways. Our findings show that peripheral T lymphocytes from patients with chronic hepatitis type B express the activation antigens 4F2 molecule, interleukin-2 receptor, and activation inducer molecule (AIM) antigen, and proliferate normally after specific stimulation through either the T-cell receptor-CD3 complex or the CD2 molecule. These results suggest that the peripheral blood T cells of patients with chronic hepatitis B are fully operative and functionally competentin vitro.This work was supported in part by a grant from the INSALUD (FISS 89/0068).     

Higher proliferative capacity of T lymphocytes from patients with Crohn disease than from ulcerative colitis is disclosed by use of Herpesvirus saimiri-transformed T-cell lines

Background: T lymphocytes play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. Achieving stable T-cell lines, rather than continuous bleeding of patients, is desirable in order to dissect their implication in the disease. Methods: Long-lasting T-cell lines from patients with Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis and from healthy volunteers have been obtained by transformation of T lymphocytes using the lymphotropic Herpesvirus saimiri. Lines were subjected to phenotypic and functional analyses, and the results compared with freshly isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Results: Fresh cells revealed only minor differences between patients and controls, with regard to phenotype and proliferative capacity. In contrast, the use of T-cell lines showed that cells from Crohn disease patients, but not ulcerative colitis patients, over-responded to several membrane or cytoplasmic stimuli when compared to control T-cell lines. Thus, higher responses were found when stimulated with αCD3 and IL2, αCD3 and αCD28, IL2 alone, phorbol esters (PMA) and αCD3 and, finally, PMA and αCD2 (P?&;lt;?0.05 in all instances). Further, lines from patients with Crohn disease responded more vigorously to αCD3 and αCD28 or αCD3 and PMA when compared to ulcerative colitis (P?&;lt;?0.05 in both instances). Conclusions: The data obtained with these lines suggest that T cells from patients with Crohn disease differ in vivo in their proliferative capacity, as compared with those from ulcerative colitis patients, a finding that may reflect the clear Th-1 phenotype found in the former and absent in the latter.     

Effect of arabinosyl cytosine on granulopoietic colony formation by marrow cells from leukemic and non-leukemic patients.

This study investigated the arabinosyl cytosine (ara-C) sensitivity of colony formation in culture by human granulopoeitic progenitor cells (CFU-C). Wide variations were observed in the effects of ara-C on CFU-C from the marrow of patients with leukemia in remission after treatment using a chemotherapeutic regimen that included ara-C, or for CFU-C from the marrow of non-leukemic patients. These variations in sensitivity to ara-C could not be attributed to a lack of reproducibility of the culture conditions used, nor to variations in the proliferative state of the CFU-C at the time of exposure to ara-C. No significant correlation was observed between the sensitivity of CFU-C to ara-C and the level of cytidine deaminase in the marrow sample. These results provide some support for the view that cell kill may not be the only basis for the chemotherapeutic effectiveness of ara-C.     

淋巴细胞激活诱导的受体4-1BB在类风湿关节炎T淋巴细胞亚群上的表达

目的探讨类风湿关节炎(RA)T淋巴细胞上淋巴细胞激活诱导的受体4-1BB的表达及其作用机制。方法应用流式细胞术检测30例RA患者和20名正常对照者外周血T细胞活化前后4-1BB的表达。结果RA患者CD4~ T和CD8~ T细胞表达的4-1BB明显高于正常对照组[表达百分率分别为(18．56±4．08)％,(10．33±2．13)％,(1．24±0．12)％,(0．87±0．09)％,P＜0．01],经抗CD3单抗体外刺激后CD4~ T和CD8~ T细胞表达的4-1BB均显著高于活化前[表达百分率为(33±4)％和(21±8)％,P＜0．01]。RA患者CD4~ T/CD8~ T比值明显升高,而且与4-1BB~ CD4~ T细胞数呈正相关关系(r=0．84,P＜0.01),另外4-1BB~ CD4~ T细胞数与血沉、IgA呈正相关关系(r=0．476,P＜0．05；r=0．659,P＜0．05)。结论RA患者T细胞表达的4-IBB在RA的发生发展中具有重要意义,4-1BB可能通过对CD4~ T活化与增殖参与关节炎症和免疫反应。     

Enhanced interferon-gamma production by lymphocytes induced by a mitogen from mycoplasma arthritidis in patients with ankylosing spondylitis

Summary We have examined proliferation of and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production by peripheral blood lymphocytes induced by a purified mitogen derived from mycoplasma arthritidis (MAS) in patients with seronegative spondyloarthropathies and healthy individuals. In all patients and healthy controls MAS exerted a potent nonspecific lymphoproliferation. In contrast, only patients with ankylosing spondylitis (ASp) showed a strong IFN-gamma production after stimulation with MAS. The maximal IFN-gamma response was observed in HLA-B27+/HLA-DQw3+ patients. However, healthy controls with the HLA-DQw3 haplotype with or without the presence of HLA-B27 exhibited also a slight but statistically not significant increase of IFN-gamma production. Moreover, in this study we have found an enhanced frequency of HLA-DQw3 in patients with ASp and reactive arthritis. This immunogenetic association explains the enhanced lymphocyte reactivity in these inflammatory rheumatic disorders to mycoplasmal antigens.     

Upregulation of CXCR1 by proliferating cells in patients with lymphoproliferative disease of granular lymphocytes

The expression and the functional activities of different chemokine receptors (CC motif: CCR1, CCR2, CCR3, CCR5, CCR6; CXC motif: CXCR1, CXCR2, CXCR3, CXCR4, CXCR5) were investigated in 12 patients with lymphoproliferative disease of granular lymphocytes (LDGL). Six patients were characterized by the proliferation of CD3+ve GL and six patients by the expansion of CD3-ve GL. The interleukin 8 (IL-8/CXCL8) receptor CXCR1 was expressed in 12/12 patients, the CXCR4 in 6/12 patients (four CD3+ve and two CD3-ve) and the CXCR3 in 3/12 patients (one CD3+ve and two CD3-ve). CXCR1 was expressed only by proliferating GL. Other CC and CXC receptors were not expressed on proliferating GL (< 2%). In functional assays, purified GL from the patients displayed significant migration in response to specific chemokines, indicating that CXCR1, CXCR3 and CXCR4 were functionally active in these patients. In addition, a significant reduction of IL-8/CXCL8-mediated cell migration was reported in the presence of anti-CXCR1 monoclonal antibody. Our results indicate that expanding cells from patients with LDGL express specific CXCR. These data may help to define functional properties of proliferating GL in patients with LDGL and contribute toward the understanding of the complex clinical features of this disease. In particular, as CXCR1 was expressed in all of the patients studied, we speculate that abnormal expression of this receptor on proliferating GL might play a role in the pathogenesis of neutropenia, which represents a common feature in LDGL patients.     

Lack of CD40-dependent B-cell proliferation in B lymphocytes isolated from patients with persistent polyclonal B-cell lymphocytosis

Persistent B-cell lymphocytosis (PPBL) is a haematological disorder diagnosed primarily in adult female smokers that is characterized by a polyclonal increase in peripheral blood B lymphocytes and a moderate elevation of serum IgM. B lymphocyte-associated cellular abnormalities, such as the occurrence of multi-lobed nuclei, increased bcl2/Ig gene rearrangements and the identification of an extra long-arm chromosome (i3)(q10) in the B-cell population, indicate that PPBL could be part of a multi-step process leading to the emergence of a malignant B lymphoproliferation. However, the resulting impact on cellular functional properties remains to be elucidated. Our goal was to address that aspect via the study of B-cell activity following stimulation through CD40, a key molecule of the tumour necrosis factor receptor superfamily involved in B lymphocyte development. In contrast to normal B cells, PPBL B lymphocytes were unable to respond to the proliferative signal delivered in vitro by CD40, indicating a defect in the CD40 activation pathway. Polymerase chain reaction amplification and sequencing of the receptor as well as FACScan analysis of patient B lymphocytes dismissed the possibility of a defect in either CD40 structure or expression. Moreover, Western blot analysis of tyrosine phosphorylation, an early event in the CD40-signalling cascade, was similar in patients and controls, leading to the conclusion that the defect affecting B lymphocytes in PPBL patients is probably located downstream of that signalling cascade.     

乙型肝炎患者外周血病毒特异性CD8阳性细胞毒性T淋巴细胞的数量和功能分析

目的 分析急性乙型肝炎(AHB)和慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)患者外周血中乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)特异性细胞毒性T淋巴细胞( CTL)的数量及功能.方法 36例HLA-A2阳性的乙型肝炎患者,其中AHB 12例,CHB 24例.分别用含HBV抗原C、S和P区的c18-27、s183-191和p575-583三个肽段的四聚体[Tetramer (Tc 18-27、Ts183-191、Tp 575-583)]检测患者外周血单核淋巴细胞(PBMCs)中HBV特异性CD8阳性CTL细胞的数量,同时用酶联免疫斑点法(EHSPOT)检测其分泌IFN-γ的功能.用SPSS 13.0进行统计学分析.结果 AHB和CHB患者外周血中Tc18-27特异性的CTL数量无明显不同;而Ts 183-191特异性CTL的平均值分别为0.24％±0.39％和0.03％±0.02％,阳性率分别为75％和33.3％;Tp575-583特异性CTL平均值分别为0.08％±0.09％和0.02％±0.01％,阳性率分别为50％和16.7％,AHB较CHB显著升高(P＜0.05).此外,AHB患者平均Tetramer阳性的个数为1.58个,而CHB患者平均为0.67个,AHB较CHB显著增多(P＜0.01).在9例AHB患者中,其外周血Ts183-191特异性的CTL细胞的数量为139～21 735个/106 PBMCs,用ELISPOT方法检测相对应的分泌IFN-γ的斑点形成细胞(SFC)为0～252个/106 PBMCs,AHB患者Tetramer细胞数和ELISPOT检测的IFN-γ斑点数有明显相关性(P＜0.01),而CHB患者则无此相关性.结论 AHB与CHB患者外周血中HBV特异性CTL的数量和分泌IFN-γ的差异提示CTL可能在清除病毒方面发挥着至关重要的作用,是今后慢性乙型肝炎免疫治疗的重要研究方向之一.     

经皮乙醇注射对肝细胞癌患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群的影响

目的探讨经皮乙醇注射对肝细胞癌患者的治疗效应及对免疫功能的影响。方法 PEI组和常规治疗对照组的肝细胞癌患者各24例。PEI组进行经皮乙醇注射治疗,于术前、术后第4周、术后第8周取外周血,用碱性磷酸酶-抗碱性磷酸酶法检测外周血CD4+、CD8+淋巴细胞的变化。结果 PEI治疗后患者血清甲胎蛋白水平和肿瘤体积均低于对照组,CD4+百分比和CD4+/CD8+比值明显高于对照组和治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论经皮乙醇注射是治疗肝细胞癌安全、有效的手段之一,可以改善肝细胞癌患者的细胞免疫功能。