经腹腔镜逆行、次全胆囊切除术治疗复杂胆囊结石对比观察

目的比较经腹腔镜逆行胆囊切除术和次全胆囊切除术治疗复杂良性胆囊结石的疗效。方法分别采用经腹腔镜逆行胆囊切除术和次全胆囊切除术治疗复杂良性胆囊结石27例（Ⅰ组）和23例（Ⅱ组）。统计并比较两组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、术中补液量、中转开腹率、腹腔引流量、术后胃肠功能恢复时间、住院时间及术后并发症。结果两组患者中转开腹率、术后胃肠功能恢复时间、腹腔引流量、手术并发症及住院时间方面无显著性差异,P均〉0.05。但Ⅱ组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、术中补液量方面显著少于Ⅰ组,P均〈0.05。结论腹腔镜次全胆囊切除术治疗复杂胆囊结石的手术效果与腹腔镜逆行胆囊切除术相仿,但手术时间更短,术中出血量更少。     

急性胆囊炎腹腔镜与开腹手术的对比分析

目的对比分析急性胆囊炎腹腔镜与开腹手术的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2001年至2008年急性胆囊炎或慢性胆囊炎急性发作行胆囊切除术病例200例,其中行腹腔镜胆囊切除术（LC）67例,开腹胆囊切除术（OC）133例。结果LC组的术中出血量、手术时间、下床活动时间、肠道功能恢复时间、住院时间明显低于OC组（P〈0.05）;两组术后并发症发生率无明显差异（P〉0.05）。结论LC治疗急性胆囊炎的临床效果优于OC。     

糖尿病患者胆囊切除术治疗效果的临床观察

目的观察分析糖尿病与非糖尿病患者治疗效果和糖尿病患者不同术式治疗效果。方法 2009年1月—2014年6月经笔者治疗的80例糖尿病（含应激性高血糖）患者行胆囊切除术,并选取同期具有可比性的80例非糖尿病行胆囊切除术患者为对照组,采用开腹和腹腔镜两种方式。结果糖尿病组术后水电解质紊乱、感染性并发症等发生率高于对照组（P〈0.05）,糖尿病患者开腹手术的切口感染率和平均住院时间均高于腹腔镜手术（P〈0.05）。结论糖尿病病人行胆囊切除术时,必须严格控制围术期血糖,手术方式力求简单,若无禁忌症,首选腹腔镜胆囊切除术。     

糖尿病患者胆囊切除术的临床治疗探讨

目的探讨糖尿病患者胆囊切除术的临床治疗效果。方法选择该院收取的50例糖尿病患者进行胆囊切除术比较研究,分为两组,一组采用腹腔镜胆囊切除术,一组采用开腹胆囊切除术,两组分别为25例患者,对两组患者手术中的出血量、时间以及住院时间等进行对比分析,观察两组胆囊切除术效果。结果手术中,进行腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者出血量要低于开腹胆囊切除术组,且进行手术时间要短于开腹胆囊切除术,患者经过腹腔镜胆囊切除术住院时间也要明显低于开腹胆囊切除术组。结论采用腹腔镜胆囊切除术能够有效降低患者术中的出血量,减少患者住院时间,安全有效,值得推广使用。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术和小切口胆囊切除术治疗急性胆囊炎的疗效及安全性对比

目的:比较腹腔镜胆囊切除术和小切口胆囊切除术治疗急性胆囊炎的临床疗效差异。方法:选取50例急性胆囊炎患者,按照随机数字法均分为腹腔镜组和小切口开腹组,比较两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间和并发症发生率的差异。结果:两组手术时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);腹腔镜组术中出血量和住院时间分别为(56.2±9.3)ml和(4.1±1.5)d,均显著少于小切口开腹组的(121.4±27.3)ml和(7.5±2.3)d,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);腹腔镜组并发症发生率为4.0%,低于小切口开腹组的24.0%,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:腹腔镜胆囊切除术和小切口胆囊切除术均是治疗急性胆囊炎的有效方法,全腹腔镜术式手术时间短,患者康复快,术后并发症少。     

腹腔镜与开腹胆囊切除术的成本效果分析

目的为胆囊病患者选择合适治疗方案提供依据。方法对178例行腹腔镜下胆囊切除术（腔镜组）和160例行传统开腹胆囊切除术（开腹组）患者的手术效果、住院费用进行比较,分别以住院天数的倒数及患者满意度作为疗效标准进行成本效果分析。结果腔镜组增加效果的成本明显低于开腹组,P〈0.05;住院费用略高于开腹组,但无显著差异。结论腹腔镜胆囊切除术优于开腹胆囊切除术。     

开腹及腹腔镜手术切除胆囊治疗结石性胆囊炎对比观察

目的比较开腹及腹腔镜手术切除胆囊治疗结石性胆囊炎的疗效及并发症。方法 686例结石性胆囊炎患者中255例行传统开腹手术（开腹组）、431例行腹腔镜手术（腹腔镜组）切除胆囊,观察两组手术时间以及术后恢复情况和并发症发生情况。结果腹腔镜组的手术、住院、术后疼痛时间短于开腹组（P均〈0.05）,肛门排气、术后下床活动时间明显早于开腹组（P均〈0.05）,术后胆心反射和感染的发生率明显低于开腹组（P均〈0.01）。结论与开腹手术相比,腹腔镜手术切除胆囊治疗结石性胆囊炎创伤小、疼痛轻、康复快、并发症少。     

早期腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗急性非结石性胆囊炎的效果

目的比较早期(≤72 h)腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗急性非结石性胆囊炎(AAC)及急性结石性胆囊炎(ACC)的临床疗效。方法2010年11月至2014年9月,该院采用早期(≤72 h)腹腔镜胆囊切除术对125例急性胆囊炎患者行手术治疗,其中AAC 28例,ACC 97例,观察两组患者术后并发症发生率、手术时间、住院时间、中转开腹率、围术期死亡率,并作对比分析。结果两组手术时间,住院时间,围术期死亡率及其他术后并发症未见明显差异(P0.05)。AAC组术中中转开腹率明显高于ACC组(P0.05),胆囊坏疽率明显高于ACC组(P0.05)。结论早期(≤72 h)腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗AAC效果与ACC相似,可作为AAC治疗的可靠选择。     

悬吊式免气腹腹腔镜辅助手术在胆囊切除术中的应用

目的 探讨悬吊式免气腹腹腔镜与气腹腹腔镜在胆囊切除术中的临床应用效果.方法 回顾性分析2007年3月1日至2008年6月1日在我科住院行腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者57例的临床资料,其中悬吊式免气腹腹腔镜手术23例,气腹腹腔镜手术34例,分别记录患者年龄、合并症、手术时间、术中出血量、中转开腹、术后并发症等指标.结果 两组患者均手术成功,术中出血量、手术时间、中转开腹、术后并发症无显著性差异(P＞0.05).结论 悬吊式免气腹腹腔镜辅助下胆囊切除术是一种安全、有效的手术方式,与气腹腹腔镜相比,避免了气腹对人体血流动力学的影响,扩大了腹腔镜胆囊手术的指征,是合并心肺功能不全等疾病的老年患者较理想的术式选择.     

兰州地区胆石症2180例诊治分析

目的了解兰州地区胆石症的发病特点。方法回顾分析2011年3月-2012年3月就诊的2180例胆石症患者临床资料。结果保守治疗335例,手术治疗1845例,治愈1844例。女性发病率高于男性,胆囊息肉与胆囊结石发病不相关。腹腔镜胆囊切除术1446例,其中常规腹腔镜胆囊切除术1371例;开腹胆囊切除399例。经统计分析,腹腔镜胆囊切除术手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、术后胆瘘发生率均低于开腹胆囊切除术（P〈0.05）;其余各项均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论兰州地区患胆石症人群在性别、年龄及饮食关系等方面有地区特点,且腹腔镜胆囊切除术在手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间及术后并发症等方面低于开腹胆囊切除术。     

Open versus laparoscopic cholecystectomy for gallbladder carcinoma

Laparoscopic surgery has replaced conventional open cholecystectomy for benign gallbladder disease. A major concern is how to handle gallbladder cancer in the laparoscopic era, since there are numerous case reports of port site metastases from gallbladder cancer after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. There are also many experimental studies favoring the opinion that the laparoscopic technique implies a higher risk of spreading malignant disease. This opinion has gained wide acceptance despite little previous clinical effort to determine the risk of tumor dissemination and the lack of comparisons between open and laparoscopic surgery. This report is a short summary of our own studies and present knowledge with special respect to the clinical aspects of the development and incidence of abdominal wall metastases. Among 270 patients with verified gallbladder carcinoma in whom 210 had open surgery and 60 a laparoscopic cholecystectomy, 12 patients (6.5%) in the open cholecystectomy group and 9 (15%) in the laparoscopic group developed incisional metastases. Although the sparse clinical documentation does not unavoidably mean that laparoscopic cholecystectomy has an increased risk of disseminating tumor cells, we recommend open surgery in cases of known or suspected gallbladder carcinoma.     

胆囊结石合并胆总管结石的微创治疗

目的比较胆囊结石合并胆总管结石的微创与开腹手术的治疗效果。方法将120例胆囊结石合并胆总管结石患者随机分为两步微创组与传统开腹组。两步微创组54例患者第一步在十二指肠镜下行逆行胰胆管造影（endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography,ERCP）和内镜下乳头括约肌切开术（endoscopic sphincterotomy,EST）取石,第二步于2～5d后行腹腔镜胆囊切除术（1aparoscopic chole-cystectomy,LC）;传统开腹组66例患者采取开腹胆道探查术（open common bile duct exploration,OCBDE）。比较两组患者的手术时间、手术出血量、住院时间,治疗费用及术后并发症的发生率。结果两步微创组在手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间均优于传统开腹组（P〈0.05）;两步微创组术后出现并发症4例,传统开腹组出现并发症9例,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;两组住院费用比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论两步微创治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石有疗效好、创伤小、住院时间短等优点,有取代传统剖腹手术的趋势。     

Interleukin-6 and granulocytic elastase levels following laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels have been shown to correlate well with the magnitude of surgical stress. Serum IL-6 and plasma granulocytic elastase levels, 24 h after surgery, were determined in 12 patients who underwent open major surgery [MS group; esophageal carcinoma (n=5), gastric carcinoma (n=3), colorectal carcinoma (n=4) 5 patients who had open cholecystectomy [OC group] and 17 patients who had laparoscopic cholecystectomy [LC group]. IL-6 levels correlated significantly with the duration of surgery (r=0.685,P < 0.01) and with intraoperative blood loss (r=0.583,P < 0.02). However, there was no significant correlation between granulocytic elastase and the duration of surgery or blood loss. Plasma IL-6 levels in the LC group (21±3 pg/ml) were significantly lower than those in the OC group (47±5 pg/ml) and the MS group (186±36pg/ml) (P<0.05;P<0.01). However, there was no significant difference in granulocytic elastase levels between the LC group (318±8μg/l), the OC group (360±130 gmg/ml), and the MS group (701±344 μg/l). Increased IL-6 levels correlated well with increased duration of surgery. The lower IL-6 levels following laparoscopic cholecystectomy may therefore be indicative of lower surgical stress associated with laparoscopic cholecystectomy.     

Timing of laparoscopic cholecystectomy for subacute calculous cholecystitis: early or interval — a prospective study

Background/Purpose

The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the safety and feasibility of early laparoscopic cholecystectomy for subacute cholecystitis and to compare it with interval laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Methods

The study was performed in 74 patients who had been diagnosed with subacute cholecystitis between January 2000 and June 2005. The patients were divided into two groups. The early laparoscopic cholecystectomy group was composed of 31 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy 24?h after admission to the hospital. The interval laparoscopic cholecystectomy group was composed of 43 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy 8–12 weeks after medical treatment.

Results

There was no significant difference between the conversion rate, intraoperative bleeding, need for intraoperative cholangiography, minor bile duct injury, and postoperative complications in the two groups. Eleven patients in the interval group underwent urgent laparoscopic cholecystectomy or additional procedures because of recurrent cholecystitis, choledocholithiasis, or biliary pancreatitis. The early group had a significantly shorter total hospital stay (P = 0.031), lower cost of treatment (P = 0.042), and less difficulty with Calot's triangle dissection (P = 0.008).

Conclusions

Early laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be done without hesitation in patients with subacute cholecystitis, in the light of obstacles observed in the interval group, such as dissection difficulty, lack of success in “cooling down”, and additional problems such as choledocholithiasis and biliary pancreatitis.     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术对患者肝功能及免疫功能的影响

目的探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic choecystectomy,LC)对患者肝功能及免疫功能的影响。方法 76例接受胆囊切除术治疗的胆囊良性病变患者中46例行LC者纳入LC组,30例行开腹胆囊切除术(open cholecystectomy,OC)者纳入OC组,比较两组患者术后肝功能及免疫功能的变化。结果两组患者术后1 d血清ALT、AST、TBIL均较术前明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),两组上述指标在术后1 d比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05),且术后5 d均恢复至术前水平(P0.05);两组患者术后1 d血清CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+均较术前明显降低(P0.05),且上述指标OC组低于LC组(P0.05),但术后5 d时LC组与术前比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05),OC组仍低于术前水平(P0.05)。结论 LC可对患者术后肝功能造成一过性损伤,但不影响患者的恢复,且LC对患者的免疫功能的抑制明显小于OC。     

伞式免气腹技术与气腹技术行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的动物实验对比研究

目的：探讨伞式腹壁悬吊装置在动物实验中行免气腹腹腔镜胆囊切除术的应用效果。方法将27头实验猪随机分为两组,分别应用伞式免气腹技术（伞式组,n＝15）和气腹技术（气腹组,n＝12）进行腹腔镜胆囊切除术,比较两组建立手术空间时间、胆囊切除时间、术中出血量及术中意外情况。结果两组手术均顺利完成,伞式组建立手术空间时间、胆囊切除时间、术中出血量与气腹组比较差异无统计学意义（P均＞0.05）。伞式组有2例出现大网膜钩挂于伞叶上。两组均无中转开腹手术,无术中大出血、器官损伤等严重并发症。两组在术中意外情况的比较差异无统计学意义（ P＝0.487）。结论应用伞式腹壁悬吊装置在动物实验中行腹腔镜胆囊切除术是安全可行的。     

Delayed Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy After Percutaneous Transhepatic Gallbladder Drainage Versus Emergency Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy for Acute Cholecystitis: A Meta-Analysis

Background: The purpose of this meta-analysis is to appraise the efficacy and safety of delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy after percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage (PTGBD) versus emergency laparoscopic cholecystectomy (ELC) for acute cholecystitis.Methods: The kinds of literature were searched by Web of Science, PubMed, OVID, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE between the year 2000 and 2019. RevMan 5.3 was used for meta-analysis.Results: Seventeen studies with 2135 participants were included in our study. Compared with the ELC group, delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy after percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage group (PTGBD group) had a significant better effect in intraoperative bleeding (P = .002), conversion rate to open surgery (P = .02), postoperative complications (P ＜ .00001), bile leakage (P = .01), bile duct injury (P = .02), and wound infection (P = .02). There was no significant difference between the two groups in operative time (P= 32), postoperative hospital stay (P = .30), and intraperitoneal hemorrhage (P = .39). PTGBD group had a significantly longer overall hospital stay than the ELC group (P ＜ .00001).Conclusion: Compared with the ELC group, the PTGBD group has several advantages, including bile duct injury, intraoperative bleeding, bile leakage, conversion rate to open surgery, postoperative complications, and wound infection. The only drawback in the PTGBD group is to lengthen the total hospital stay.     

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy via two ports, using the "Twin-Port" system

We developed a "Twin-Port" system that allows a 5-mm camera and a forceps to be inserted through a single port for the laparoscopic cholecystectomy procedure. An infraumbilical incision of approximately 10 mm is made to insert the "Twin-Port". After pneumoperitoneum is performed, a 5-mm camera and grasper are inserted to expose the gallbladder. A 5-mm trocar is inserted approximately 1 cm below the xiphoid process, and laparoscopic cholecystectomy is performed via two ports. The gallbladder is removed through the opened "Twin-Port". The operation was performed in 40 patients without acute inflammatory gallbladder disease. None of the patients required open abdominal surgery. In 3 patients, an additional 5-mm trocar was inserted because of difficulty in removing the gallbladder from the gallbladder fossa. Mean operation time was 49 min. The size of the infraumbilical wound was almost the same as that with the conventional procedure using a 10-mm trocar. The "Twin-Port" system was devised to make laparoscopic cholecystectomy possible through two ports in the clinical setting. It may be less invasive than other LC procedures, and also has cosmetic and cost advantages. This procedure appears promising as a practical surgical treatment for cholecystolithiasis and gallbladder polyps.     

Outcome after cholecystectomy for symptomatic gall stone disease and effect of surgical access: laparoscopic v open approach.

The pre and postoperative symptoms and outcome after surgery in patients with symptomatic gall stone disease were evaluated by a detailed self administered postal questionnaire. The survey was conducted in two groups: 80 patients treated by laparoscopic cholecystectomy and an age matched cohort of patients who had conventional open cholecystectomy. The overall response rate on which the data were calculated was 76%. Symptomatic benefit ratios accruing from the surgical removal of the gall bladder were calculated. The symptoms that were relieved by cholecystectomy were nausea (0.98), vomiting (0.91), colicky abdominal pain (0.81), and backpain (0.76). Flatulence, fat intolerance, and nagging abdominal pain were unaffected as shown by a benefit ratio of 0.5 or less. Relief of heartburn (39/49) outweighed the de novo development of this symptom after cholecystectomy (7/49), resulting in a benefit ratio of 0.65. Postcholecystectomy diarrhoea occurred in 21/118 patients (18%): 10 after open cholecystectomy and 11 after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The type of surgical access did not influence the symptomatic outcome but had a significant bearing on the time to return to work or full activity after surgery (laparoscopic cholecystectomy two weeks, open cholecystectomy eight weeks, p = 0.00001). In the elderly age group (> 60 years), significantly more patients (29/30) regained full activity after laparoscopic cholecystectomy when compared with the open cholecystectomy group (16/22), p = 0.001. The patient appreciation of a satisfactory cosmetic result was 72% in the open group compared with 100% of patients who were treated by laparoscopic cholecystectomy (p = 0.0017). Despite the persistence or de novo occurrence of symptoms, 111/117 patients (95%) considered that they had obtained overall symptomatic improvement by their surgical treatment and 110/118 (93%) were pleased with the end result regardless of the access used.