Lemierre's syndrome complicating bacterial pharyngitis in a patient with undiagnosed factor XII deficiency

Internal jugular vein thrombosis occurs as an uncommon complication of oropharyngitis. The following case report describes a previously healthy adult woman who presented with sore throat, left ear pain, and fever. She was initially diagnosed with pharyngitis and inadvertently had blood cultures sent as part of her workup. She was then called back to the Emergency Department the following day for positive growth of the blood culture, and found to have thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein on computed tomography scan of the neck. Further workup revealed factor XII deficiency. The clinical course was further complicated by septic pulmonary emboli and disseminated intravascular coagulation. The patient was treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics and anticoagulation and made a full recovery.     

Serum sickness-like reaction associated with griseofulvin

OBJECTIVE: To describe a serum sickness-like reaction associated with griseofulvin in a child being treated for tinea capitis. CASE SUMMARY: A previously healthy 5-year-old boy presented with tactile fever, rash on his legs and back, swelling of his toes and fingers, and leg pain. He was being treated at the time with griseofulvin for tinea capitis. Laboratory evaluation including immunologic workup revealed no abnormalities. Replacement of griseofulvin with itraconazole, along with an antihistamine and a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug, led to complete resolution of the patient's symptoms. An objective causality assessment revealed that the adverse reaction was probable. DISCUSSION: Serum sickness-like reactions may occur 7-21 days following exposure to an offending agent. Clinical manifestations are similar to those of serum sickness, with fever, malaise, and cutaneous eruption. However, on laboratory workup, complement levels are normal. Management of serum sickness-like reaction includes replacing the offending agent and providing symptomatic relief. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians should be aware of the possibility of serum sickness-like reaction associated with griseofulvin therapy and consider the possibility when choosing between griseofulvin and newer, more expensive drugs.     

COVID-19患者的早期心脏损害表现及识别

目的分析COVID-19合并早期心脏损害的临床表现及心脏损害早期识别的指标。方法收集2020年1月20日~2月20日我院收治的12例COVID-19患者的临床表现、实验室检查、心脏彩超等资料,心脏彩超主要收集左心室射血分数（LVEF）、左室总体纵向应变（GLS）。分析COVID-19早期心脏损害的发生情况,比较窦性心动过速、心电图新发改变、GLS作为COVID-19合并早期心脏损害表现的可能识别指标,并进一步分析COVID-19早期心脏损害的相关危险因素。结果12例COVID-19患者包括2例重型、8例普通型和2例轻型,所有患者肌钙蛋白Ⅰ、LVEF均无明显异常。但窦性心动过速、心电图新发改变及GLS的异常率均为33%,肌酸激酶同工酶与B型钠尿肽的异常率均为8%;COVID-19早期心脏损害可能指标GLS的绝对值与年龄、中性粒细胞比值、C-反应蛋白存在负相关（r=-0.795,-0.816,-0.917,P < 0.05）,与血钾存在正相关性（r=0.73,P < 0.01）。结论窦性心动过速、心电图新发改变及GLS在COVID-19患者中存在一定的异常比例,可能作为早期心脏损害识别指标。在肌钙蛋白Ⅰ、LVEF未见异常的COVID-19,通过观察患者的心电图的是否存在窦速、新发异常改变、GLS的异常,有助于对COVID-19心脏损害的早期识别。      

Multiple venous thromboses in a young man with sarcoidosis: is there a relation between sarcoidosis and venous thrombosis?

We describe the case of a 33-year-old African-American male who presented with multiple deep venous thromboses of the upper and lower extremities. Hypercoagulable workup was unrevealing. A chest x-ray showed bilateral hilar lymph node enlargement. Mediastinoscopy with hilar lymph node biopsy was performed. Lymph node histopathologic examination showed noncaseating granulomas. Lymph node tissue culture and special stains were negative for mycobacterial or fungal infection. This is an unusual case of multiple deep venous thromboses and sarcoidosis. The subject of sarcoidosis and venous thrombosis is discussed.     

Epstein-Barr virus-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with human immunodeficiency virus mimicking complicated frontal sinusitis: A case report

BACKGROUNDPrimary non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma of the frontal sinus is extremely rare. In addition, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been reported to play a role in the development of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related malignant lymphomas. To the best of our knowledge, there is no report for the HIV-associated, EBV-positive primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in the frontal sinus.CASE SUMMARYWe present a unique case of HIV-associated, EBV-positive DLBCL in the frontal sinus in a 46-year-old man. Computed tomography of paranasal sinuses revealed dense opacification of the right frontal sinus with combined soft tissue swelling. Based on the clinical and radiological findings, the initial diagnosis was complicated frontal sinusitis, presenting Pott’s puffy tumor. Unexpectedly, HIV testing was positive on preoperative laboratory test, and the frontal sinus lesion was confirmed as EBV-positive DLBCL on biopsy.CONCLUSIONThrough this article, we suggest that EBV-positive DLBCL should be considered as possible diagnosis for patients with nonspecific space-occupying lesion of the paranasal sinuses. We also highlight an importance of clinical suspicion in diagnosing HIV infection because HIV serology is not routinely tested in patients with paranasal sinus problem.     

The role of dental disease in fever of unknown origin

The case presented emphasizes the need for evaluation of the oral cavity in the diagnostic workup of fever of unknown origin. Hurley stated, "Protracted fever of obscure cause remains one of the more daunting clinical challenges facing the physician. It calls for mobilization of all the physician's own skills and the expertise of colleagues as well as maintenance of an open mind to the patient's complaints and observations. Dogged determination and a systematic approach are the keys to solving the problem." When the possibility of dental disease is overlooked, the resulting search is sometimes long, tedious, and expensive. Early examination of the oral cavity by qualified personnel should be done even though pain is not present.     

Acute-onset paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration secondary to neuroendocrine carcinoma with atypical prognosis: a case report

Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD) is a neurological syndrome that is likely caused by tumor-induced autoimmunity against the cerebellum. Neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) is a type of neoplasm with high-grade malignant histology and biological behavior. The prognosis for both PCD and NEC is typically poor. We report a case of PCD secondary to metastatic NEC in the lymph nodes, with an unknown primary origin. The case presented acute cerebellar manifestations with typical neuroimaging findings, but with atypical prognosis after lymph node dissection. Neurological symptoms can provide clues to potential tumors, and early antitumor treatment may have contributed to the positive prognosis of PCD secondary to NEC in the present case.     

Sarcoidosis presenting as intrascrotal mass: case report and review

Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic disease that usually involves the lungs and lymph nodes, but almost any organ can be involved. Genitourinary involvement with sarcoidosis is extremely rare. We report the case of a 30-year-old African-American male who presented with a right-sided intrascrotal mass and diffuse lymphadenopathy. On further workup, he was found to have sarcoidosis. Two months of corticosteroid treatment resulted in the disappearance of his intrascrotal mass.     

凋亡调节蛋白XIAP与Omi/HtrA2在弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤中的表达及其与患者预后的关系

目的 探讨XIAP与Omi/HtrA2在弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤（DLBCL）组织中的表达及与其预后的相关性。方法 收集59例DLBCL患者和30例淋巴结反应增生(RHL)患者的石蜡病理切片，应用免疫组化法对XIAP和Omi/HtrA2进行染色，分析两种蛋白的表达与DLBCL的临床参数和预后的关系。结果 XIAP与Omi/HtrA2在DLBCL中均呈高表达，在RHL中呈低表达甚至未见表达。XIAP在DLBCL的平均阳性率为61.02%，在RHL平均阳性率为36.67%（P＜0.05）。Omi/HtrA2在DLBCL中平均阳性率为52.54%，RHL平均阳性率为30.00%（P＜0.05）。二者的阳性表达与DLBCL的临床分期、病理类型、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）水平、淋巴瘤国际预后指数（IPI）评分相关（P＜0.05），与性别、年龄、症状分组、结外受累无关（P＞0.05）。XIAP和Omi/HtrA2表达呈负相关（P＜0.05）。Kaplan meier生存分析显示，XIAP的表达与DLBCL患者的预后相关（P＜0.05）。Omi/HtrA2与DLBCL预后不相关（P＞0.05）。结论 XIAP与Omi/HtrA2在DLBCL组织中均呈高表达，二者呈负相关，上调Omi/HtrA2抑制XIAP表达可为DLBCL靶向治疗提供依据，XIAP是DLBCL预后相关性因素，有望成为判断DLBCL预后的指标。     

Milk of calcium in a pancreatic pseudocyst

A 46-year-old man with a history of chronic alcohol use was found to have milk of calcium that had developed in a pancreatic pseudocyst. This was found incidentally on abdominal computed tomography during a workup for abnormal liver enzymes. Milk of calcium in the pancreas has been described only twice in the literature using plain abdominal radiographs and computed tomography. To our knowledge, this case report is the first to describe magnetic resonance findings of this entity.     

Rare case of intracranial hemorrhage associated with seoul virus infection diagnosed by metagenomic next‐generation sequencing

BackgroundSeoul virus (SEOV) is a Hantavirus and the causative pathogen of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS). Diagnosing SEOV infection is difficult because the clinical presentations are often undistinguishable from other viral or bacterial infections. In addition, diagnostic tools including serological and molecular assays are not readily available in the clinical settings.Case ReportA 57‐year‐old male presented with fever and a sudden loss of consciousness in November 2019. Computed tomography (CT) scan showed subdural hematoma, subfalcine herniation, and brain infarction. He developed thrombocytopenia and elevated transaminases, but no rashes or obvious kidney damage. He reported having a rat bite. HFRS was suspected. The Hantavirus IgG was positive, and the metagenomic next‐generation sequencing (mNGS) detected SEOV sequences directly in the blood.ConclusionThis report highlights the importance of suspecting SEOV infection in febrile patients with thrombocytopenia and elevated liver enzymes despite the absence of hemorrhagic manifestations of skin and renal syndromes. Next‐generation sequencing is a powerful tool for pathogen detection. Intracranial hemorrhage and brain infarction as extrarenal manifestations of HFRS are rare but possible as demonstrated in this case.     

Spontaneous internal hemorrhage of a giant hepatic hemangioma with infection: a case report and literature review

Spontaneous internal hemorrhage from a hepatic hemangioma is rare. This case describes a 59-year-old woman who was hospitalized with recurrent cough and fever for 6 months. The doctor thought that she had pneumonia, but other infectious diseases could not be ruled out. Therefore, related tests were performed and strong antibiotics were used, but the symptom of fever was persistent and recurred. Enhanced computed tomography (CT) findings showed a right hepatic giant hemangioma with hemorrhage, while tuberculosis, liver abscess, and immune disease were excluded by the physician. Because the patient’s fever was associated with a large hepatic hemangioma, the patient was transferred to surgery. During treatment, the amount of bleeding increased, so she underwent a right hepatic hemangioma resection in the emergency department. Her postoperative fever symptoms subsequently resolved. Pathological examination confirmed hemorrhagic necrosis with infection in hepatic hemangioma. Follow-up showed that the patient was afebrile.     

A vaginal drain of a pelvic abscess due to colonic diverticulitis

Although well recognized for tubo-ovarian abscesses, we report, in our best knowledge, the first case of a vaginal drain of a pelvic abscess due to colonic diverticulitis. A 78-year-old patient presented with abdominal and pelvic pain, fever (39.3 °C) and an elevated white blood cell count (18500/mL). After abdominopelvic computed tomography the patient was presumed to have a pelvic abscess, which developed as a complication of the sigmoid diverticulitis. Due to the numerous intervening structures that create obstacles to safe percutaneous access, we planned a trans-vaginal drain. A rapid recovery was obtained within 2 d from the procedure and, at present, the follow-up was uneventful after 18 mo. We believe that transvaginal drain of pelvic abscess could be a useful alternative, when percutaneous approach is not feasible.     

抑郁症精神运动迟滞的评估方法及生物学机制研究

精神运动迟滞（PMR）是抑郁症最重要症状之一，表现为显著的言语、思维及行动受限或迟缓。目前多数抑郁量表都只有少量的问题来评估PMR，但PMR的临床表现包括很多方面，如持续疲劳感、精力减退、注意力不集中等。PMR可能涉及特有的神经病理机制或可用于指导治疗干预方案。因此，本文综述了目前国内外常用的PMR临床评估方法及评定量表，PMR的生物学机制研究现状，并重点综述了寻找PMR客观生物学标记的实验研究，旨在为PMR的后续研究提供规范的评估方法，并为PMR生物学机制的进一步挖掘提供参考。     

2014年江西省南昌市一例人感染H10N8禽流感病例流行病学调查

2014年2月,南昌市疾病预防控制中心接到1例不明原因重症肺炎病例报告,有禽类接触史,临床表现为发热,轻咳,胸部X线片示大量实变影.密切接触者随访7 d未发现感染者.依据流行病学史、临床表现和实验室检测结果,确定其为人感染H10N8禽流感病例.     

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with concurrent gastric adenocarcinoma: case report and literature review

The simultaneous occurrence of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and gastric carcinoma is rare. The present case report describes a 61-year-old man with DLBCL at the ileocaecal junction with several metastatic lymph nodes and concurrent gastric intramucosal adenocarcinoma. Both tumours, together with the enlarged lymph nodes, were successfully removed by surgery. At 1 month postoperatively, the patient received chemotherapy consisting of rituximab, cyclophosphamide, vindesine, epirubicin hydrochloride and dexamethasone; he responded well to treatment. Reports published in the literature between January 2006 and March 2011 of other cases of DLBCL combined with concurrent non-haematological malignancies in immunocompetent patients were reviewed. The identification of common factors is important for clarification of the mechanisms of lymphomagenesis and carcinogenesis, as well as the creation of preventive and therapeutic strategies. Such cases highlight the need routinely to perform preoperative imaging studies to exclude other synchronous tumours and, if possible, to biopsy any such masses in order to offer timely and appropriate therapy.     

An unusual case of pediatric abdominal pain

Chronic and recurrent abdominal pains are common complaints in children and adolescents, but the evaluation in the emergency department (ED) can be challenging. We present a rare yet serious case of a 17-year-old white female who presented to the ED with a 2-day history of diffuse abdominal pain, nausea, and intractable vomiting. Abdominal examination and imaging, including computed tomography (CT), were negative during an episode 6 weeks previously. This was her fifth similar episode in a 2-month period, and she had been seen at three different hospitals and admitted on each occasion. Three days prior to presentation to our ED, she was seen at a gastroenterology clinic and diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome and an ovarian cyst. Symptomatic therapy during the current presentation, with intravenous fluids, antiemetics, and parenteral narcotics, failed to alleviate her abdominal pain and vomiting. Emergent CT evaluation revealed a high-grade colonic obstruction with focal circumferential narrowing in the transverse colon and a lower gastrointestinal follow-through radiograph with Gastrografin enema showed a classic "apple-core" lesion. Colonic adenocarcinoma with positive regional lymph nodes was found during emergent exploratory laparotomy. Pediatric patients with recurrent, episodic abdominal pain should undergo systematic evaluation and symptomatic treatment. A previous negative workup should not dissuade emergency physicians from proceeding with a systematic and thorough evaluation of the pediatric patient presenting with abdominal pain and vomiting.     

Infectious complications during immunochemotherapy of post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disease–can we decrease the risk? Two case reports and review of literature

BACKGROUNDPost-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) is a heterogeneous group of diseases that develop after solid organ and hematopoietic stem cells transplantation related to intensive immunosuppression regimen, T-cell depletion and Epstein-Barr virus infection. Despite the improvement in the management of PTLD, the prognosis remains poor. Here we report the management of two transplanted patients with PTLD and infections during immunochemotherapy (ICTH).CASE SUMMARYOf 65-year-old woman 11 years after kidney transplantation (first case) presented with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) CS III and started ICHT according to R-CHOP protocol. Despite the secondary prevention of neutropenic fever, the patient developed grade 4 neutropenia with urinary and pulmonary tract infections after the fifth cycle. ICTH was continued in reduced doses up to 7 cycles followed by involved-field radiation therapy of the residual disease. The second case presents a 49-year-old man, 8 years after liver transplantation due to cirrhosis in the course of chronic hepatitis B, who started ICTH for DLBCL Burkitt-like CS IV. The patient received four cycles of ICTH according to R-CODOX/R-IVAC protocol, with reduced doses. In both cases initially undertaken reduction of immunosuppression was ineffective to prevent infectious complications. Despite one incomplete ICHT treatment due to recurrent infections, both our patients remain in complete remission.CONCLUSIONReduction of immunosuppression and the doses of chemotherapeutics may be insufficient to prevent infectious complications during ICTH in PTLD patients.     

Isolated primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the thoracic spine: a case report with a review of the literature

A case of isolated primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the spine is presented along with a review of previous cases reported in the literature. An 80-year old immunocompetent man was admitted with progressive numbness and weakness of both lower extremities of 2 weeks' duration. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the cervicothoracic spine revealed an extradural spinal mass at the T1 - T3 level, with invasion into the T3 vertebral body. The lesion was at first thought to be a metastatic tumour. Because of the manifestations of compression, the patient underwent laminectomy and posterior decompression. Histopathological examination revealed diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. All other investigations (including computed tomography of the chest and abdomen, bone scan, peripheral blood examination and tumour marker examination) were negative for occult disease. This case demonstrates that neurosurgeons should be aware of the occurrence of isolated primary spinal lymphoma, which should be included in the differential diagnosis of metastatic tumours.     

以呼吸道病变首诊的弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤的诊治

弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤是非霍奇金淋巴瘤的主要类型,原发于淋巴结外的器官和组织中,最常见部位为胃肠道,而以呼吸道症状首诊的相关报道较少。个案报道中以呼吸道症状首诊的弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤多是肺部及纵膈原发的淋巴瘤。现报道1例以呼吸道病变首诊的弥漫大B淋巴瘤患者,并结合文献复习进行综合分析,旨在提高对弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤的认识,从而避免延误治疗。