中耳共振频率对耳硬化症的诊断作用

目的探讨中耳共振频率对耳硬化症的诊断作用。方法对112例听力正常人、91例耳硬化症患者进行中耳分析,纯音听阈,耳声发射及颞骨CT测试,比较226Hz鼓室图与中耳共振频率及CT检查对耳硬化症的诊断价值。结果正常对照组226Hz鼓室图的声导纳范围为0.45±0.28mmho,耳硬化组226Hz鼓室图声导纳值为0.54±0.47mmho,226Hz鼓室图两组比较,差异无统计学意义。中耳共振频率正常对照组为957±220Hz,耳硬化组为1182±318Hz,较正常组高,两组比较差异有统计学意义。共振频率与226Hz鼓室图比较,对耳硬化症诊断的(Receiver operating characteristic curve)ROC曲线下面积更大。226Hz鼓室图、中耳共振频率、颞骨CT对于耳硬化症诊断的敏感度分别为42.86%,71.4%,62.63%。结论与226Hz鼓室图及颞骨CT相比,中耳共振频率对耳硬化症诊断价值更高。     

125例新生儿的鼓室导抗测试结果分析

目的 比较226、678、1 000 Hz探测音鼓室声导抗测试对新生儿中耳功能评估的意义.方法 使用GSI Tympstar中耳分析仪.对125例(250耳)新生儿进行226、678、1 000 Hz探测音鼓室声导抗测试,结果异常或可疑者再行颞骨薄层CT检查明确有无中耳积液.结果 226 Hz探测音鼓室导抗图有1耳为As型,其余耳均为A型,其中单峰型占43.2%(108/250),双峰型占56.8%(142/250);678 Hz探测音鼓室导抗图异常者有74耳,其中65耳为B型,4耳为As型.5耳为C型.1 000 Hz探测音鼓室导抗图异常者有35耳,其中26耳为B型,5耳为As型,4耳为C型,声导抗测试异常或可疑者43例(86耳)颞骨薄层CT检查显示30耳存在中耳腔积液.结论 226 Hz探测音鼓室声导抗测试不能反映新生儿的中耳功能;678 Hz探测音鼓室导抗测试评估中耳功能的敏感性较好,但特异性较差;1 000 Hz探测音鼓室声导抗测试评估中耳功能的敏感性及特异性最佳.     

AABR筛查通过的低月龄婴儿耳声发射和1000Hz声导抗检测结果分析

目的分析自动听性脑干反应(AABR)筛查通过的低月龄婴儿的耳声发射和1 000Hz声导抗测试的结果,探讨两者联合应用评估低月龄婴儿中耳功能的价值。方法对68例136耳AABR听力筛查通过的0～6月龄婴儿行TEOAE、DPOAE、1 000Hz声导抗测试,并对结果进行分析。结果①68例136耳中,TEOAE通过89耳(65.44%),DPOAE通过90耳(66.18%),1 000Hz声导抗检查中鼓室导抗图为A型74耳,D型22耳,As型15耳,B型16耳,C型4耳,其他型5耳;②在A型和D型鼓室导抗图婴儿中,DPOAE和TEOAE通过率无明显差异(P>0.05),鼓室导抗图异常的婴儿中,DPOAE通过率低于TEOAE(P<0.05);③随着月龄的增大,TEOAE通过率有下降趋势,DPOAE通过率与正常鼓室导抗图比例在1～3月龄较低。结论部分AABR听力筛查通过的婴儿存在中耳功能异常,DPOAE对中耳病变的检出优于TEOAE;1 000Hz声导抗联合DPOAE检测对低月龄婴儿的中耳功能评估有重要的参考价值。     

老年中耳疾病主客观听力检查结果分析

目的 分析60岁以上老年中耳疾病患者主客观听力检查结果及听力损失情况,并进行特征性描述。方法 收集门诊老年中耳疾病患者2976例,平均年龄67.65±6.04岁。其中60～70岁组共2241例,71-80岁组共609例,>80岁组共126例。获得完整的纯音测听结果（气导120～8000Hz、骨导250～4000Hz）4117耳,声导抗测试2117耳,听性脑干反应测试114耳。并比较不同性别及年龄组对听力测试结果的影响。结果 所有患者中听力处于正常范围但有传导成分存在111例,轻度听力损失861例,中度听力损失759例,中重度听力损失624例,重度听力损失309例,极重度听力损失117例,完全听力损失52例,单侧聋143例。患者听力曲线类型主要表现为上升型和缓降型,不同性别及不同年龄组间的患者的听力曲线类型分布存在显著性差异（P<0.001）。声导抗测试A型449耳（21%）,Ad型100耳（5%）,As型69耳（3%）,B型587例（28%）,C型802耳（38%）,因术后改变等原因未引出鼓室图110耳（5%）;声反射引出情况与鼓室图不同分型之间存在显著性差异（P<0...     

声导抗测试在婴儿中的应用

目的评价不同频率探测音声导抗测试及500、1000Hz镫骨肌反射测试在诊断婴儿中耳功能中的作用。方法使用GSITympstar中耳分析仪,对128例听力正常婴儿(256耳)和104例听力异常婴儿(166耳)进行226、678、1000Hz探测音声导抗测试及500、1000Hz镫骨肌反射测试,并进行比较。结果226Hz探测音鼓室导抗图表现为单峰型、双峰型、无峰型图形,<6月龄婴儿的226Hz探测音鼓室导抗图的图形特点在听力正常组和异常组间的差异无统计学意义;各月龄组的678、1000Hz探测音鼓室导抗图的图形特点在听力正常组和异常组间的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。500Hz镫骨肌反射引出率与1000Hz镫骨肌反射引出率在同年龄组无明显差异(P>0.05),而在听力正常和异常组之间均具有明显差异(P<0.05)。结论678、1000Hz探测音声导抗测试是诊断小于6月龄婴儿中耳功能较准确的检查方法,3种频率探测音声导抗测试对于诊断6月龄～1岁婴儿均较敏感。500和1000Hz镫骨肌反射引出率在同月龄婴儿无明显差异,且随着年龄增长镫骨肌反射引出率逐渐增加。     

中耳共振频率对鼓室积液的诊断价值

目的:探讨226 Hz静态鼓室图与中耳共振频率诊断鼓室积液的价值,观察两者结合可否提高诊断效能.方法:前瞻性研究对比观察分泌性中耳炎组和对照组,以耳镜检查、纯音测听及GSI-33型中耳分析仪测试结果为标准,将对照组共振频率90%的可信区间(5%～95%)设为正常范围,对分泌性中耳炎组的共振频率进行正常或不正常归类,并对其鼓室图形为B、C型或异型者进行鼓膜穿刺抽液,以抽出液体者为阳性.结果:中耳共振频率在900～1100 Hz之间为正常,分泌性中耳炎组的共振频率明显低于对照组(P＜0.01).B型曲线的抽液阳性率为83%,明显高于C型和异型曲线抽液阳性率(P＜0.05).共振频率正常者,其抽液阳性率为0.≤500 Hz者的鼓室积液阳性率明显高于＞500 Hz者(P＜0.01).结论:通过测试中耳共振频率对判断鼓室是否积液,尤其是对鼓室图形为C型或异型者有重要临床意义.     

负压型鼓室导抗图诊断成人鼓室积液的研究

目的:探讨负压型鼓室导抗图对成人鼓室积液的诊断价值.方法:采用美国GSI-Tympstar Ⅱ型中耳分析仪,对所有疑似分泌性中耳炎的成人患者行声导抗检查,包括鼓室导抗图峰压、宽度、中耳共振频率及镫骨肌反射,选择其中为负压型鼓室导抗图的207耳行鼓膜穿刺,根据穿刺积液量将患耳分为无积液组(123耳)、少量积液组(45耳)及多量积液组(39耳),分别就3组患者的声导抗指标及同侧镫骨肌反射引出情况进行统计学分析.结果:无积液组的鼓室导抗图峰压、中耳共振频率与少量积液组和多量积液组之间的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);无积液组鼓室导抗图宽度与多量积液组之间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);3组间的同侧镫骨肌反射引出情况均差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01).结论:鼓室导抗图峰压、宽度,中耳共振频率结合同侧镫骨肌反射对判断成人负压型鼓室导抗图的鼓室有无积液具有诊断价值.     

36个月内婴幼儿1000Hz和226Hz探测音声导抗的特点和意义

目的分析0-36个月婴幼儿226 Hz和1000 Hz探测音声导抗结果,探讨在临床上如何选择226 Hz和/或1000 Hz探测音声导抗方法将1645例(共3290耳)0-36个月婴幼儿按听力评估结果分为两个大组:听力正常组938例(1876耳)和听力异常组707例(1414耳),按月龄分为七个小组:第一组:新生儿(≦28天)54例(108耳),其中听力正常组34例(68耳);第二组:2³月龄355例(710耳),其中听力正常组149例(298耳);第三组:43月龄355例(710耳),其中听力正常组149例(298耳);第三组:4⁶月龄537例(1074耳),其中听力正常组201例(402耳);第四组:76月龄537例(1074耳),其中听力正常组201例(402耳);第四组:7⁹月龄236例(472耳),其中听力正常组143例(286耳);第五组:109月龄236例(472耳),其中听力正常组143例(286耳);第五组:10¹2月龄97例(194耳),其中听力正常组62例(124耳);第六组:1312月龄97例(194耳),其中听力正常组62例(124耳);第六组:13²4月龄259例(518耳),其中听力正常组249例(498耳);第七组:2524月龄259例(518耳),其中听力正常组249例(498耳);第七组:25³6月龄107例(214耳),其中听力正常组100例(200耳)。结果正常组226 Hz和1000 Hz探测音鼓室声导抗图均存在正峰,并且均以宽大的单峰型最多见,少数为双峰型.其中226 Hz单峰1403耳(74.79%),双峰290耳(15.46%);1000 Hz单峰1407耳(64.07%),双峰175耳(5.17%).第一至第五月龄组组间1000Hz与226Hz探测音声导抗正常和异常结果均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。其中第一至第四月龄组1000Hz组一致率(97.06%,91.95%,91.04%,81.82%)均高于226Hz组(38.24%,68.46%,66.92%,66.78%),第五月龄组226Hz组的一致率(95.16%)高于1000Hz组(58.87%)。第六至第七月龄组组间1000Hz与226Hz探测音声导抗正常和异常结果均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论单纯226 Hz探测音鼓室声导抗测试不能准确反映O36月龄107例(214耳),其中听力正常组100例(200耳)。结果正常组226 Hz和1000 Hz探测音鼓室声导抗图均存在正峰,并且均以宽大的单峰型最多见,少数为双峰型.其中226 Hz单峰1403耳(74.79%),双峰290耳(15.46%);1000 Hz单峰1407耳(64.07%),双峰175耳(5.17%).第一至第五月龄组组间1000Hz与226Hz探测音声导抗正常和异常结果均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。其中第一至第四月龄组1000Hz组一致率(97.06%,91.95%,91.04%,81.82%)均高于226Hz组(38.24%,68.46%,66.92%,66.78%),第五月龄组226Hz组的一致率(95.16%)高于1000Hz组(58.87%)。第六至第七月龄组组间1000Hz与226Hz探测音声导抗正常和异常结果均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论单纯226 Hz探测音鼓室声导抗测试不能准确反映O¹0月龄婴幼儿的中耳功能,1000 Hz探测音声导抗测试能更好的评估O10月龄婴幼儿的中耳功能,1000 Hz探测音声导抗测试能更好的评估O¹0月龄婴幼儿的中耳功能;;226 Hz探测音鼓室声导抗测试能客观反映1110月龄婴幼儿的中耳功能;;226 Hz探测音鼓室声导抗测试能客观反映11³6月龄婴幼儿的中耳功能。     

听力筛查不通过婴幼儿的听力评估

目的:对2次听力筛查不通过耳进行听力评估,分析其ABR与鼓室导抗图的特征,探讨听力筛查不通过耳的客观听觉状况及听力筛查和评估干扰因素。方法:选取2005年8月~2007年11月因进行耳声发射(OAE)新生儿听力筛查2次筛查未通过而转诊到儿童听力中心的患儿为研究对象,年龄在48 d~6个月,共94例(144耳)。详细询问并记录病史,按首次听力评估时的月龄分为~3个月及~6个月组,并行听性脑干反应(ABR)、畸变产物耳声发射(DPOAE)、鼓室声导抗和蹬鼓肌反射等客观听力测试。结果:①2次听力筛查未通过婴幼儿的鼓室导抗曲线仍以单峰A型为主(77耳,53.4%);双峰次之(23耳,16.0%);单峰Ad型(20耳,13.9%);单峰As型(16耳,11.1%);B型图亦占有一定的比例(6耳,4.2%)。②其ABR以正常及轻度异常为主(分别为44.4%及40.3%),中度、重度及极重度异常比例相对较少(分别为8.3%、2.1%及4.9%),且随着年龄增长,轻度异常比例增加,中度及以上异常比例下降。③ABR正常组单峰A型鼓室图有32耳(50%),考虑存在假阴性结果。正常及轻度听力异常者B型曲线比例分别为4.7%和3.4%,高于中度及以上异常者。结论:中耳因素及低龄婴幼儿听觉神经系统发育的不完善是导致听力筛查未能通过的比较重要的原因,同时,226 Hz的鼓室声导抗在评估婴幼儿中耳疾病时存在较大的假阴性,因此在对2次听力筛查未通过婴幼儿进行听力评估时应充分考虑到上述因素的影响。     

DPOAE异常ABR反应阈正常的婴儿声导抗结果分析

目的分析DPOAE异常ABR反应阈正常婴儿声导抗特征。方法研究对象为34例(52耳)婴儿(研究组),年龄42天～10个月,男20例(33耳),女14例(19耳),均为外院听力筛查未通过,转诊后经听性脑干反应(ABR)、畸变产物耳声发射(DPOAE)、声导抗(226和1 000Hz探测音)测试,表现为DPOAE全频异常、ABR反应阈正常。选取同期接受检查且DPOAE及ABR反应阈均正常的婴儿26例(52耳)作为对照组,年龄42天～10个月,男16例(32耳),女10例(20耳),对比分析两组对象的声导抗特征。结果对照组226Hz鼓室导抗图48耳为单峰,4耳为双峰;1 000Hz鼓室导抗图50耳为单峰,2耳为双峰。根据ABR检测结果将研究组分为三组:第一组24耳ABR反应阈及各波潜伏期均正常,226Hz鼓室导抗图21耳为A型,3耳为双峰,1 000Hz鼓室导抗图18耳为单峰,6耳为双峰,其负尾部补偿导纳(ComY-400)值为0.84±0.36,低于对照组(2.66±0.52)(P<0.05);第二组23耳ABR波I潜伏期延长,波III、V潜伏期延长或不延长,226Hz鼓室导抗图18耳为A型,2耳为B型,3耳为双峰,1 000Hz鼓室导抗图15耳为单峰,2耳为双峰,2耳为无峰,4耳为其他型,其ComY-400值为0.54±0.37,低于对照组(2.66±0.52)(P<0.05);第三组5耳仅ABR波V潜伏期延长,226Hz及1 000Hz鼓室导抗图均表现为单峰。结论 DPOAE异常而ABR反应阈正常的婴儿可表现为ABR各波潜伏期正常或异常,l 000Hz探测音鼓室导抗图表现为负尾部补偿导纳值低于正常婴儿,提示其中耳功能异常可能是导致DPOAE异常的主要原因。     

Hearing loss and middle ear involvement in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis

OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of the hearing status and middle ear function of patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. METHODS: The study group was comprised of 38 ears of 19 patients (6 males, 13 females) aged between 5 and 23 years. The control group was comprised of 30 ears of 15 healthy subjects (5 males, 10 females) aged between 5 and 22 years. All subjects were examined audiologically using tympanometry, stapedial reflex, acoustic reflex decay, pure-tone audiometry, high frequency audiometry and transient evoked otoacoustic emission tests. RESULTS: There were statistically significant (p<0.05) number of ears (32%) with abnormal tympanograms in the patient population while all tympanograms were normal, type A in the control group. Seven type As, 2 type Ad, and 3 type C tympanograms were seen in the patient population. In pure tone audiometry tests there was no subject having neither a conductive nor sensorineural hearing loss individually in both groups. But as a group, patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis showed statistically significant elevation of air conduction thresholds at frequencies of 250, 500, 6000, 14,000 and 16,000 Hz for right ears; and at 500, 2000, 12,500 and 16,000 Hz for left ears; and larger air-bone gaps at 500 and 2000 Hz for right ears; and at 500 Hz for left ears (p<0.05). Comparison of bone conduction thresholds and otoacoustic emission tests between both groups did not reveal any statistically significant difference (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: This study suggests a dual effect of disease on both the middle and inner ear of patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Presence of abnormal tympanograms together with worse air conduction thresholds at lower frequencies as well as larger air bone gaps at frequencies of 500 and 2000 Hz suggest subclinical middle ear involvement; while hearing losses at 6000 Hz and very high frequencies of 12,500, 14,000 and 16,000 Hz suggest inner involvement at an early stage.     

Classification of trace patterns of 226- and 1000-Hz tympanometry in healthy neonates

Objective

Accurate evaluation of middle ear function is a challenge especially in babies referred from newborn hearing screening programs. The aim was to assess the feasibility of tympanometry using 226- and 1000-Hz probe tones in neonates.

Methods

Hearing was evaluated by transient evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) in 96 ears of healthy neonates in well-baby nursery. Babies with risk factors for hearing loss as identified in Joint Committee on Infant Hearing (JCIH, 1994) were excluded. Tympanograms recorded with 226 and 1000 Hz probe tones were analyzed and classified.

Results

Tympanograms were classified according to Method A (Jerger/Liden) and visual classification systems, Method B (adapted from Marchant et al.) and Method C (adapted from Kei et al.), without difficulty. In 72 ears with normal TEOAE, 226 Hz tympanograms were classified as normal in 72 ears in Methods A and B, and 16 ears in Method C. 1000 Hz tympanograms were normal in 68 ears in Method A, 72 ears in Method B and 68 ears in Method C. In 24 ears with abnormal TEOAE, 226 Hz tympanograms were interpreted as normal in most ears (23 ears in Method A, 24 ears in Method B), whereas 1000 Hz tympanograms were abnormal in 13 ears in Method A and 6 ears in Method B, possibly reflecting middle ear dysfunction.

Conclusion

In healthy neonates without risk factors for hearing loss, 1000 Hz tympanograms can be recorded and interpreted. A single-peaked tympanograms was most common in ears with normal TEOAE. In ears with abnormal TEOAE, tympanograms were classified as abnormal more frequently using 1000 Hz than 226 Hz. Implementation of tympanometry using 1000 Hz probe tone in newborn hearing screening programs may provide valuable information regarding middle ear dysfunction that may cause transient conductive hearing loss.     

High- and Low-Frequency Probe Tone Tympanometry in Chinese Infants

Objective To assess the utility of low- and high-frequency tympanometry in the diagnosis of middle ear dysfunction in Chinese infants. Methods Tympanograms were obtained with 226 Hz, 678 Hz and 1000 Hz probe tones from infants aged 5-25 weeks with normal auditory brainstem responses (ABRs)(15 infants,30 ears) and withprolonged wave Ⅰ latencies(17 infants, 20 ears), suggesting middle ear dysfunction, using a GSI Tympstar middle ear analyzer Version Ⅱ. Results The single-peaked tympanogram was the most characteristic type in both groups and seen in 25 ears (83.3%) in the normal ABR group and in 18 ears (90%) in the delayed wave Ⅰ group, respectively. The peak pressure, peak compensated static acoustic admittance and gradient of 226 Hz tympanometry were of no significant differences between the two groups. The 678 Hz tympanograms of admittance, susceptance and conductance demonstrated non-peak, single-, double- and tri-peaked patterns in both groups. The agreement between ABRs and 678 Hz tympanograms of admittance,susceptance and conductance were 70.0%, 58.0% and 64.0%(kappa=0.324, 0.234 and 0.118) respectively. For 1000 Hz probe tone, admittance,susceptance and conductance tympanograms showed single peaked patterns in 28 (93.3%), 25 (83.3%) and 26 (86.7%) of the 30 normal ears. Admittance, susceptance and conductance tympanograms using the 1000 Hz probe tone were flat in 15 (75%), 17(85%) and 13 (65%) of the ears in infants with prolonged wave Ⅰ latencies. For 1000 Hz admittance, susceptance and conductance Tympanograms, the agreement between tympanometry and ABR results were 90.0%, 92.0% and 86.0% with kappa at 0.783, 0.831 and 0.690, respectively. Conclusion 1000 Hz probe tone tympanometry is a promising middle ear function test for infants of 1-6 months age, while 226 Hz and 678 Hz probe tones are less efficient in detecting middle ear dysfunction in infants.     

低频和高频探测音鼓室声导抗测试在婴儿中耳功能诊断中的作用

目的评价低频和高频探测音鼓室声导抗测试在诊断婴儿中耳功能异常中的作用。方法使用GSI Tympstar中耳分析仪，对年龄5—25周的听性脑干反应（auditory brainstem response，ABR）检查正常婴儿15例（30耳）和Ⅰ波潜伏期延长提示可能存在中耳功能异常婴儿17例（20耳），进行226、678、1000Hz探测音鼓室声导抗测试的比较。结果226Hz探测音鼓室声导纳图的静态声导纳值、图形、峰压和梯度在2组间的差异无统计学意义。678Hz探测音鼓室声导纳图、声纳图及声导图在2组中均可见无峰型、单峰型、双峰型、三峰型图形，其与ABR检查的一致率分别为70．0％、58．0％、64．0％，kappa值分别为0．324、0．234、0．118。1000Hz探测音鼓室声导纳图、声纳图及声导图在正常组中单峰型分别为28耳（93．3％）、25耳（83．3％）、26耳（86．7％），在异常组中无峰型分别为15耳（75％）、17耳（85％）、13耳（65％），其与ABR的一致率分别为90．0％、92．0％、86．0％，kappa值分别为0．783、0．831、0．690。结论1000Hz探测音鼓室声导抗测试是诊断小于25周婴儿中耳功能的较准确的检查方法，226、678Hz探测音鼓室声导抗测试则不能提供这些婴儿中耳功能的准确的信息。     

A tympanometric approach to otosclerosis

A formula has been elaborated to estimate the resonance frequency of the middle ear from non-simultaneously recorded susceptance and conductance tympanograms at 220 and 660 Hz. The formula is tested on 30 normal and 29 otosclerotic ears. From these experimental results one can conclude that the middle-ear model (proposed by Lutman), from which the formula was deduced, is too crude to assess the resonance frequency. Nevertheless a ratio of phase angles functions at 220 and 660 Hz, introduced in that formula, is always qualitatively linked to the resonance frequency. Experimental data proved that this ratio can be used to distinguish tympanograms from otosclerotic ears with normal tympanic membrane from those obtained from normals. A statistical treatment is proposed to estimate the probability of false-positive or false-negative cases as a function of the value of that ratio.     

Wideband reflectance in Down syndrome

ObjectiveChildren with Down syndrome (DS) have a high incidence of middle ear disorders and congenital abnormalities of the external, middle and inner ear. Energy reflectance (ER), a wideband acoustic immittance (WAI) measurement parameter, can measure the sound energy reflected or absorbed in the ear canal over a wider range of frequencies more efficiently and faster than conventional single-tone 226 Hz tympanometry. The aim of the present study was to compare the WAI measurements of children with DS with those of typically developing, normal-hearing children according to their tympanometric findings.MethodsFour groups of children with Down syndrome (age range: 2 years and 4 months to 16 years and 3 months; mean age: 8.5 yr) with normal tympanograms (19 ears), flat tympanograms (13 ears), mild negative pressure tympanograms (6 ears between −100 and −199 daPa at the admittance peak) and severe negative pressure tympanograms (4 ears at −200 daPa or lower at the admittance peak) were assessed. All findings were compared with data obtained from 21 ears of a healthy control group (age range: 3 years and 1 month to 13 years and 11 months; mean age: 7.9 yr). The subjects underwent tympanometry with a 226-Hz probe tone frequency and ER measurements along the 200–6,000 Hz range with a chirp stimulus using the Middle-Ear Power Analyzer (MEPA3 – HearID) by Mimosa Acoustics (Champaign, IL), software, version 3.3 [38].ResultsStatistically significant differences were observed in the ER curves for some comparisons between the studied groups. There was also a negative correlation between the static acoustic admittance at the tympanic membrane level and ER measured with a chirp stimulus at 500 and 1,000 Hz. The discriminant analysis technique, which used a chirp stimulus at 1,000 and 1,600 Hz to classify the participants' data based on ER values, achieved a correct classification rate of 59.52% for participants with DS.ConclusionWhile groups with abnormal middle ear status, as indicated by tympanometry, showed higher ER values compared to the DS tymp A group and the control group, similar reflectance curves were observed between control group and the DS tymp A group. WAI shows promise as a clinical diagnostic tool in investigating the impact of middle ear disorders in DS group. However, further research is required to investigate this issue in narrower age range group and a larger sample size.     

中耳功能正常与异常婴儿的宽频声导抗能量吸收率特性研究

目的：对比中耳功能正常与异常婴儿宽频声导抗（wideband acoustic immittance ，WAI）能量吸收率（wideband absorbance ，WBA）的差异，探讨宽频声导抗对婴儿中耳功能诊断的作用。方法根据高频（1 kHz）声导抗（high frequency tympanometry ，HFT ）、畸变产物耳声发射（DPOAE）及听性脑干反应（ABR）结果将3～12月龄婴儿46例分为中耳功能正常组31例（50耳）和中耳异常组15例（20耳），用96 dB peSPL 的宽频短声（频率范围226～8000 Hz）对两组进行宽频声导抗测试，比较两组能量吸收率特性，分析中耳功能对不同频率能量吸收率的影响。结果无论外耳道压力为峰压还是0 daPa时，除8000 Hz外，中耳功能正常组婴儿的宽频声导抗能量吸收率均高于中耳功能异常组，且2000 Hz处两者差异最大。当外耳道压力为峰压时，中耳功能正常组与异常组226～6727 Hz WBA差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）；当外耳道压力为0 daPa时，中耳功能正常组与异常组500～6727 Hz WBA差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论中耳功能正常与异常婴儿宽频声导抗能量吸收率差异有统计学意义，宽频声导抗可作为有效检测婴儿中耳功能的方法之一。     

The change in the acoustic admittance phase angle: a study in children suffering from acute otitis media

Middle ear mechanics, in normal and in pathological conditions, is the subject of this research, with acoustic impedance measurements as the cornerstone. Previous studies have established the importance of admittance-phase tympanograms, mainly in frequencies higher than the conventional 226 Hz. The purpose of the present study was to record how acute otitis media (AOM) affects the middle ear system and function by evaluating the recordings of the change in phase angle parameter (deltatheta) provided by an automated tympanometer using the sweep-frequency technique. Multifrequency and conventional tympanograms were obtained from 70 children suffering from AOM on consecutive visits. Values of deltatheta from these subjects were compared to normative data previously acquired in our Department. It appears that changes in the mechanical status of the middle ear after AOM are reflected in abnormal deltatheta values, despite the normal findings of conventional tympanometry. A positive history of AOM did not seem to influence the behaviour of the middle ear. In most cases, abnormal deltatheta values coexisted with abnormal values of resonance frequency (RF), i.e. the frequency at which mass and stiffness of the middle ear are in balance, and total susceptance (deltaB) reaches 0mmhos and the converse. The deltatheta seems to be an important indicator of middle ear mechanical status that can record changes occurring in the system after AOM and undetected by low probe-tone tympanometry.     

279例耳闷胀感的病因分析

目的 探讨产生耳闷胀感的部位和原因。方法 收集耳闷胀感为主诉的279例362耳,对患耳的临床表现、鼓室导抗图、纯音测听和咽鼓管功能进行分析。结果 362耳中鼓室导抗图A型203耳、B型111耳、C型33耳以及鼓膜穿孔15耳。纯音测听表现为传导性聋、感音神经性聋、混合性聋以及正常者分别是83耳、8l耳、105耳和93耳。在362耳中,咽鼓管功能异常208耳,在A型鼓室导抗图203耳中,咽鼓管功能异常67耳。结论 产生耳闷胀感的病变部位包括外、中、内耳和面神经的病变,其中以分泌性中耳炎、各种原因引起的感音神经性聋和“咽鼓管狭窄症”为多。