Vascularites cérébrales associées aux infections

Infections are a frequent cause of cerebral vasculitis, important to diagnose because a specific treatment may be required. Infection-associated vasculitis can be caused by angiotropic pathogens (varicella zoster virus, syphilis, aspergillus). They can be associated with subarachnoidal meningitis (tuberculosis, pyogenic meningitis, cysticercosis). They can appear contiguously to sinuses or orbital infection (aspergillosis, mucormycosis). Finally, they also may be due to an immune mechanism in the context of chronic infections (hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, human immunodeficiency virus). Cerebral vasculitis are severe conditions and their prognosis is directly linked to early recognition and diagnosis. Infectious causes must therefore be systematically considered ahead of cerebral vasculitis, and the appropriate investigations must be determined according to the patient's clinical context. We propose here an update on the infectious causes of cerebral vasculitis, their diagnosis modalities, and therapeutic options.     

Dermatite atopique : données génétiques actuelles

The genetic approach has allowed identification of chromosomal loci and candidate genes involved in predisposition to atopic dermatitis. Some are skin-specific, while others are common with other atopic disorders. However, results may be discordant because of genetic heterogeneity and uncertainties about the relative importance of environmental and genetic factors in phenotype expression. The relative risk for atopic dermatitis in relatives of affected patients may be defined, and a better understanding of the pathogeny of atopic dermatitis is expected.     

Prise en charge aiguë des hémorragies intracérébrales spontanées

Intracerebral hemorrhage accounts for approximately 15% of the 115,000 strokes occurring each year in France. Although therapeutic strategies are more limited than for ischemic stroke, major points in the management of intracerebral hemorrhage can reduce short term morbidity and mortality by limiting the expansion of the hematoma and the occurrence of early complications, and long term patients’ outcome by reducing the risk of recurrence. This article aims to update the key elements that contribute to improve of the prognosis of intracerebral hemorrhage patients.