腹壁切口疝的外科治疗

目的:分析腹壁切口疝的外科治疗方法和效果。方法:回顾25例腹壁切口疝的临床资料,男14例,女11例。中位年龄为69(56~79)岁。上腹正中切口疝3例,下腹正中切口疝11例,经腹直肌切口疝6例,麦氏切口疝5例。腹直肌鞘前和腱膜前网片修补术16例,腹膜前肌鞘后网片修补术7例,腹腔内网片修补术2例。结果:4例皮下积液经及时穿刺抽液后治愈,本研究25例均一期愈合。经1~3年随访无复发。结论:对腹壁切口疝采用网片修补,效果良好。     

下腹正中小切口后入路修补腹股沟复发疝的疗效分析

目的探讨下腹正中小切口后入路修补术在腹股沟复发疝中的临床应用价值。方法自2005年6月至2008年5月。本中心应用下腹正中小切口后人路修补术治疗腹股沟复发疝病人35例（其中有4例病人为双侧复发疝，使用下腹正中单切口完成双侧疝修补），观察手术时间、住院时间、恢复正常工作时间、手术并发症及复发率等。结果手术全部成功完成，手术时间33～95min，平均47min，2例出现阴囊积液，5例出现尿潴留。术后5-6天出院，随访6个月-3年，平均18个月，未见复发病例。结论下腹正中小切口后入路修补术是治疗腹股沟复发疝的理想方法，具有手术安全、创伤小、痛苦小、术后恢复快、近期疗效满意和复发率低等优点，值得推广。     

Sublay法无张力修补术治疗腹壁切口疝(附21例报告)

目的探讨Sublay法腹壁切口疝无张力修补术的手术方法和疗效。方法回顾性总结和分析2003年至2009年我院Sublay法无张力修补术治疗21例腹壁切口疝的临床资料。结果21例患者均痊愈出院,无严重并发症出现,无死亡病例。21例患者均获随访,随访时间5～60个月,平均23个月。5例(24%)有术后慢性疼痛,3例(14%)有腹壁异物感,1例(5%)术后22个月后复发,其余患者随访至今未出现复发,但有3例(14%)出现手术修补区域的局部膨出。结论Sublay法腹壁切口疝无张力修补术对腹腔内脏器影响小,术后恢复快,复发率低,是最为牢固的修补方法之一。     

腔镜辅助下腹正中小切口完全腹膜外腹股沟疝修补术临床应用研究

目的:探讨腔镜辅助下腹正中小切口完全腹膜外腹股沟疝修补术的临床应用价值。方法:回顾分析2012年2月至2014年2月收治的130例腹股沟疝患者的临床资料,其中斜疝92例,直疝38例;单侧疝110例,双侧疝20例,复发疝12例;均行腹腔镜辅助下腹正中小切口完全腹膜外腹股沟疝修补术。结果:130例手术均获成功。手术时间平均(33.4±14.2)min,单侧疝手术时间平均(31.4±10.2)min,双侧疝平均(36.4±9.2)min;术后6 h下床活动;术后平均住院(3.96±1.14)d;无切口感染、髂腹股沟神经痛发生,术后切口轻微疼痛,2~3 d消失;3例术后发生切口下积液,经局部穿刺抽取积液后治愈。术后随访0.5~2.0年,均无复发及异物感。结论:腔镜辅助下腹正中小切口完全腹膜外腹股沟疝修补术操作简单、学习曲线短、费用低、安全性高、术后复发率低、并发症发生率低,效果良好,尤其适合双侧疝、复发疝及基层医院。     

下腹正中切口行腹膜前修补治疗嵌顿疝37例临床分析

目的 探讨经下腹正中切口行腹腔探查联合腹膜前间隙修补的手术方式在嵌顿疝治疗中的应用价值.方法 回顾总结我院2008年1月至2011年11月行下腹正中切口进行腹腔探查,再行腹膜前间隙修补的37例嵌顿疝患者的临床资料.结果 无手术死亡病例,无伤口感染.3例患者术后阴囊积液,穿刺抽液后痊愈.本组随访6～36个月,术后无复发.结论 经下腹正中切口行腹腔探查及腹膜前间隙修补在嵌顿疝的治疗中安全、有效,减少手术并发症,降低了术后复发率.     

腹腔镜下腹壁巨大切口疝修补术的临床应用

目的探讨腹腔镜下应用补片修补巨大腹壁切口疝的手术方法及临床效果。方法分析25例应用腹腔镜下补片修补腹壁巨大切口疝(腹壁缺损长径为12~25cm,宽9~18cm,缺损面积108~451cm2)患者的临床资料。结果21例(84.0%)顺利完成腹腔镜下腹壁切口疝修补术,4例(16.0%)因肠管与腹壁粘连紧密而中转开腹。手术时间78~186(平均95)min。术后住院5~8d,平均6.5d。术后疼痛达3个月以上8例(32.0%),经治疗后缓解;浆液肿9例(36%)。无切口感染和肠瘘发生;无手术死亡。全组患者随访6~25(平均11)个月,无切口疝复发。结论腹腔镜下修补腹壁巨大切口疝是一种安全、有效的方法,对腹腔粘连重分离困难者应及时中转开腹。     

腹腔镜下CK Parastomal补片修补造口旁疝疗效分析

目的总结腹腔镜下应用CK Parastomal补片修补造口旁疝的手术方法及临床疗效。方法回顾分析2006年6月-2010年3月24例于腹腔镜下应用CK Parastomal补片修补造口旁疝患者的临床资料。男15例,女9例;年龄47～80岁,中位年龄55岁。左下腹结肠造口旁疝19例,右下腹回肠造口旁疝5例。发生造口旁疝时间1～4年,平均2.4年。疝环最大径3～7 cm,平均5.2 cm。均无疝修补史。结果 18例成功完成腹腔镜下修补,6例因腹腔内广泛致密粘连转为开放手术。手术时间78～178 min,平均121 min。术后切口均Ⅰ期愈合。术后3～7 d 8例发生浆液肿,均经穿刺抽吸后消失。术后1个月内11例出现修补区域腹壁疼痛,均自行消失。24例患者术后均获随访,随访时间6～39个月,平均27个月。术后3个月1例复发,其余患者随访期间均无复发。结论 腹腔镜下应用CK Parastomal补片修补造口旁疝是一种安全、可行的方法,可获得较好的近期疗效,但远期效果尚需进一步观察。     

Sublay法无张力修补术在老年人腹壁切口疝中的应用

目的 探讨Sublay法无张力修补术在老年人腹壁切口疝手术治疗中的疗效。方法 回顾性分析江门市人民医院2004年1月至2010年2月采用Sublay法无张力修补术治疗的32例老年腹壁切口疝患者的临床资料。结果 32例患者手术均顺利完成,手术时间53～112min,平均72min。术后发生肺部感染2例,泌尿系感染2例,经保守治疗后均痊愈。术后未发生切口感染、积液、积血以及肠梗阻。所有患者均治愈出院。随访时间13～73个月,平均38.5个月,无一例复发。结论 Sublay法无张力修补术术后并发症少,复发率低,是治疗老年人腹壁切口疝的可靠方法。     

肌后筋膜前补片植入手术治疗腹壁切口疝28例临床分析

目的：探讨应用肌后筋膜前补片植入手术（retromuscular prefascial,Sublay）修补法对腹壁切口疝的治疗。方法：2002年1月-2009年7月应用聚丙烯补片修补切口疝28例,其中男10例,女18例,年龄47～78岁,平均年龄65.2岁。疝环直径3～28cm,平均15.5cm。均采用肌后筋膜前补片植入手术修补法。结果：全部患者顺利完成手术,无严重并发症,手术时间75～140min,平均100min,术后住院时间9～21d,平均12.8d,随访3～60个月,平均35个月,无肠梗阻,无复发。结论：应用聚丙烯补片肌后筋膜前补片植入手术修补法修补切口疝是一种安全、有效的方法。     

腹腔镜下经腹腔腹壁切口疝修补术16例体会

目的探讨腹腔镜经腹腔腹膜前网片修补术治疗腹壁切口疝的特点及疗效。方法回顾分析2005年11月至2008年8月16例患者腹壁切口疝采用腹腔镜手术治疗的临床资料。结果14例手术均在腹腔镜下完成，两例因粘连中转手术，手术时间65～85min，平均73min；术后2～48h患者下床活动，住院4—6d，无并发症发生，术后随访2～24个月，1例复发（6．25％）。结论腹腔镜治疗腹壁切口疝是安全可行的疝修补方法，遵循疝修补无张力的原则，具有患者痛苦轻、康复快等特点，是治疗腹壁切口疝的有效手段。     

Laparoscopic sutured closure with mesh reinforcement of incisional hernias

Background This study reports medium-term outcomes of laparoscopic incisional hernia repair. Study Design Laparoscopic repair was performed on 721 patients with ventral hernia. After adhesiolysis the defect was closed with no. 1 polyamide suture or loop. This was followed by reinforcement with intraperitoneal onlay repair with a bilayered mesh. Results Laproscopic repair of ventral hernia was performed on 613 females and 108 males. Of these, 185 (25.7%) were recurrent incisional hernias of which 93 had undergone previous open hernioplasty. The remaining 92 patients had previously undergone sutured repair. The average operating time was 95 min (range 60–115 min). Conversion rate was 1%. The average hospital stay was 2 days (range 1–6 days). The commonest complication was seroma formation at the incisional hernia site. Full-thickness bowel injury occurred in two patients. The mean follow-up period was 4.2 years (range 3 months to 10 years). Recurrence was noted in four (0.55%) patients. Conclusion Laparoscopic repair is well-tolerated and can be accomplished with minimum morbidity in ventral hernias.     

A prospective study comparing the complication rates between laparoscopic and open ventral hernia repairs

Background: Although ventral hernia repair is increasingly performed laparoscopically, complication rates with this procedure are not well characterized. For this reason, we performed a prospective study comparing early outcomes after laparoscopic and open ventral hernia repairs. Methods: We identified all the patients undergoing ventral (including incisional) hernia repair at a single tertiary care center between September 1, 1999 and July 1, 2001 (overall n = 257). To increase the homogeneity of the sample, we excluded umbilical hernia repairs, parastomal hernia repairs, nonelective procedures, procedures not involving mesh, and repairs performed concurrently with another surgical procedure. Postoperative complications (in-hospital or within 30-days) were assessed prospectively according to standardized definitions by trained nurse clinicians. Results: Of the 136 ventral hernia repairs that met the study criteria, 65 (48%) were laparoscopic repairs (including 3 conversions to open surgery) and 71 (52%) were open repairs. The patients in the laparoscopic group were more likely to have undergone a prior (failed) ventral hernia repair (40% vs 27%; p = 0.14), but other patient characteristics were similar between the two groups. Overall, fewer complications were experienced by patients undergoing laparoscopic repair (8% vs 21%; p = 0.03). The higher complication rate in the open ventral hernia repair group came from wound infections (8%) and postoperative ileus (4%), neither of which was observed in the patients who underwent laparoscopic repair. The laparoscopic group had longer operating room times (2.2 vs 1.7 h; p = 0.001), and there was a nonsignificant trend toward shorter hospital stays with laparoscopic repair (1.1 vs 1.5 days; p = 0.10). Conclusions: The patients undergoing laparoscopic repair had fewer postoperative complications than those receiving open repair. Wound infections and postoperative ileus accounted for the higher complication rates in the open ventral hernia repair group. Otherwise, these groups were very similar. Long-term studies assessing hernia recurrence rates will be required to help determine the optimal approach to ventral hernia repair. Drs. Birkmeyer and Finlayson were supported by Career Development Awards from the VA Health Services Research and Development program. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent the views of the Department of Veterans Affairs or the United States Government.     

A型肉毒素在腹壁巨大切口疝治疗中的研究进展

腹壁巨大切口疝的治疗一直都是外科医生的瓶颈,若术前没有良好的准备,手术将疝内容物贸然还纳腹腔后可能引起病人膈肌抬高,腹内压力迅速升高,导致腹腔高压和腹腔间隔室综合症(ACS),处理起来非常棘手。腹壁巨大切口疝的治疗主要依靠补片材料加强修补,以及术前扩容、减弱腹壁张力等围手术期处理。尽管腔镜技术、材料学以及相关基础研究的进步,腹壁巨大切口疝仍面临高并发症和高复发率。肉毒杆菌毒素A(BAT)是近年来用于术前准备的治疗腹壁巨大切口疝的一种辅助方法,主要作用是降低腹壁肌肉横向张力、缩小腹壁缺损,使关闭腹腔更容易和安全。笔者科室已逐步开展BTA在复杂腹壁缺损治疗中的应用,现结合国外文献报道及自身使用经验,对BTA的应用进展作一综述。     

A simplified laparoscopic ventral hernia repair: the scroll technique

Background  Laparoscopic ventral hernia repair has steadily gained recognition as an alternative to the open approach. However, the procedure can be technically challenging. The authors present their simple scroll technique for laparoscopic ventral hernia repair. Methods  A total of 174 patients underwent laparoscopic ventral hernia repair using the scroll technique. The technique entails fixation of the rolled mesh to the anterior abdominal wall before it is unfolded. Patient characteristics, operative time, and complications were analyzed and compared with pooled data from the available literature on laparoscopic ventral hernia repair. Results  The mean operative time was comparable with that reported by others (mean, 102 vs. 100 min). The hospital stay was shorter (mean, 1.8 vs. 2.4 h). During a mean follow-up period of 28 months, the recurrence rate was lower than that reported by others (1.7% vs. 4.3%). There were no mortalities and no cases of inadvertent bowel injury. Conclusion  The authors’ scroll technique for laparoscopic repair is simple, feasible, and reproducible, with a short learning curve and a low recurrence rate.     

腹腔镜下腹壁切口疝修补术20例

目的 探讨腹腔镜治疗腹壁切口疝的安全性及有效性.方法 回顾性分析2009年6月至2011年9月20例腹壁切口疝患者的资料.其中男14例,女6例,年龄26 ～ 76岁,平均57.3岁.距离上次手术时间间隔为4～26个月,平均7个月.腹正中切口13例,侧腹部切口7例.有2例为缝合修补术后复发病例.结果 所有患者均采用复合补片进行修补,腹壁缺损大小4cmx5cm～ 10cm×13 cm.手术时间40～ 170 min,平均100 min.术后所有患者切口Ⅰ期愈合,术后补片上方疝囊内积液5例,经局部穿刺抽吸并加压包扎后治愈.术后修补区域腹壁疼痛1例,给予口服美洛昔康片对症处理,于术后3个月内逐渐消失.术后住院时间4～13d,平均7d.18例患者获得随访,随访6～30个月,平均15个月,1例复发.结论 腹腔镜下复合补片修补腹壁切口疝具有损伤小、术后疼痛轻、并发症少、恢复快等优点,值得推广.     

Is laparoscopic umbilical hernia repair with mesh a reasonable alternative to conventional repair?

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic mesh repair has been advocated as treatment of choice for ventral hernias. The term "ventral hernia" refers to a variety of abdominal wall defects and laparoscopic papers have not reported defect specific analysis. The purpose of this study was to determine any advantages to laparoscopic mesh repair of umbilical hernias. METHODS: A retrospective review (January 1998 to April 2001) was made of patients undergoing umbilical hernia repair. Patients were categorized into three groups: laparoscopic repair with mesh, open repair with mesh, and open repair without mesh. Comparative analysis was performed. RESULTS: One-hundred and sixteen umbilical hernia repairs were performed in 112 patients: 30 laparoscopic mesh repairs, 20 open mesh repairs, and 66 open nonmesh repairs. The laparoscopic technique was used for larger defects and took more time with a trend toward fewer postoperative complications and recurrences. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic umbilical hernia repair with mesh presents a reasonable alternative to conventional methods of repair.     

Immediate closure of the open abdomen with bilateral bipedicle anterior abdominal skin flaps and subsequent retrorectus prosthetic mesh repair of the late giant ventral hernias

BACKGROUND: Management of the open abdomen in trauma and nontrauma patients is difficult, and some areas of controversy remain. Gastrointestinal fistulas are serious complications that are associated with significant mortality. We present our method for management of patients with open abdomen and also present a logical technique of subsequent repair of the late giant ventral hernias that uniformly occur in these patients. METHODS: From January 1992 to December 2001, nine patients with open abdomen underwent successful immediate closure with bilateral bipedicle anterior abdominal skin flaps. The major points of this technique of abdominal closure are coverage of abdominal viscera with absorbable mesh and mobilization of the skin and subcutaneous tissue on both sides of the abdominal wound to cover the absorbable mesh. All patients had uneventful recovery and also had subsequent late giant ventral hernias. Repair of the late giant ventral hernias was performed several months later by inserting a large sheet of nonabsorbable mesh under the rectus abdominis muscles that form the neck of the ventral hernia bilaterally. This technique of ventral hernia repair is also called retrorectus prosthetic mesh repair. RESULTS: Five men and four women were entered into the study. The age ranged from 22 to 53 years (median, 35 years). Seven patients suffered from blunt and penetrating trauma and two patients suffered from nontrauma causes. All patients with immediate closure of the open abdomen had uneventful recovery. Late giant ventral hernias (diameter, > 10 cm) occurred in all patients. The time from closure of the open abdomen to subsequent repair of the giant ventral hernias ranged from 7 to 48 months (median, 14 months). Follow-up after hernia repair ranged from 1 to 72 months (median, 9 months), and we have seen no evidence of recurrence. CONCLUSION: Immediate closure of the open abdomen with bilateral bipedicle anterior abdominal skin flaps is an effective technique for dealing with such potentially complicated problems. Management of late giant ventral hernias with retrorectus prosthetic mesh repair is theoretically reasonable and, so far, no recurrence has been observed in our patients.     

应用补片修补巨大腹壁切口疝26例临床分析

目的总结补片修补巨大腹壁切口疝患者的临床经验。方法回顾性分析2001年6月，2005年5月经我院诊治的26例巨大腹壁切口疝患者的临床资料。结果26例均痊愈出院，无心肺衰竭等严重并发症，随访3-6个月无复发。结论补片修补术是治疗巨大腹壁切口疝的理想方法。     

剑脐入路内镜全腹膜外腹膜前修补术在上腹中线腹壁疝中的应用

目的内镜完全腹膜外Sublay(totally extraperitoneal Sublay,TES)修补是近年治疗腹壁疝的新进展,腹膜前层面修补有助于进一步减轻腹壁创伤。笔者描述了剑脐入路内镜下全腹膜外途径的腹膜前修补上腹中线腹壁疝的初步尝试。 方法回顾2019年10月至2020年4月采用该项手术的9例患者,记录与分析患者资料、疝与手术情况、术后情况与短期随访结果。 结果9例患者均完成修补,手术时间(128±54)min,术后恢复快,无患者因并发症再次入院。无术中、术后严重并发症发生,仅1例术后发生血清肿。短期随访期间(2～6个月)无术区感染、疼痛、穿刺孔疝与复发等。 结论腹膜前修补有助于进一步降低TES修补对腹壁的创伤;与耻骨上入路比较,剑脐入路能更方便进行中、上腹小型腹壁疝的腹膜前修补。     

Staged hernia repair preceded by gastric bypass for the treatment of morbidly obese patients with complex ventral hernias

Background  Obesity may be the most predominant risk factor for recurrence following ventral hernia repair. This is secondary to significantly increased intra-abdominal pressures, higher rates of wound complications, and the technical difficulties encountered due to obesity. Medically managed weight loss prior to surgery is difficult. One potential strategy is to provide a surgical means to correct patient weight prior to hernia repair. Methods  After institutional review board approval, we reviewed the medical records of all patients who underwent gastric bypass surgery prior to the definitive repair of a complex ventral hernia at our medical center. Results  Twenty-seven morbidly obese patients with an average of 3.7 (range 1–10) failed ventral hernia repairs underwent gastric bypass prior to definitive ventral hernia repair. Twenty-two of the gastric bypasses were open operations and five were laparoscopic. The patients’ average pre-bypass body mass index (BMI) was 51 kg/m² (range 39–69 kg/m²), which decreased to an average of 33 kg/m² (range 25–37 kg/m²) at the time of hernia repair at a mean of 1.3 years (range 0.9–3.1 years) after gastric bypass. Seven patients had hernia repair at the same time as their gastric bypass (four sutured, three biologic mesh), all of which recurred. Of the 27 patients, 19 had an open hernia repair and eight had a laparoscopic repair. Panniculectomy was performed concurrently in 15 patients who had an open repair. Prior to formal hernia repair, one patient required an urgent operation to repair a hernia incarceration and a small-bowel obstruction 11 months after gastric bypass. The average hernia and mesh size was 203 cm² (range 24–1,350 cm²) and 1,040 cm² (range 400–2,700 cm²), respectively. There have been no recurrences at an average follow-up of 20 months (range 2 months–5 years). Conclusion  Gastric bypass prior to staged ventral hernia repair in morbidly obese patients with complex ventral hernias is a safe and definitive method to effect weight loss and facilitate a durable hernia repair with a possible reduced risk of recurrence. No outside funding was received for this study.