聚岩藻多糖对小鼠巨噬细胞分泌炎症因子的影响及其机制

目的：探讨聚岩藻多糖对脂多糖（LPS）诱导的小鼠巨噬细胞RAW264.7分泌炎性因子的影响,并阐明其免疫调节作用。方法：取对数生长期RAW264.7细胞,分为对照组、LPS组和LPS+聚岩藻多糖组,采用CCK-8法检测各组细胞存活率,酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）法检测各组细胞培养上清中白细胞介素6 (IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子α (TNF-α)、单核细胞趋化因子1 (MCP-1)、巨噬细胞炎性蛋白（MIP）-1α和MIP-1β水平。结果：与对照组比较,LPS组和LPS+聚岩藻多糖组细胞存活率明显升高（P<0.01）,细胞培养上清中IL-6、TNF-α、MCP-1、MIP-1α和MIP-1β水平均明显升高（P<0.01）。与LPS组比较,LPS+聚岩藻多糖组细胞存活率明显降低（P<0.01）,细胞培养上清中IL-6、TNF-α、MCP-1、MIP-1α和MIP-1β水平明显降低（P<0.01）。结论：聚岩藻多糖可抑制小鼠巨噬细胞对炎症因子IL-6、TNF-α、MCP-1、MIP-1α和MIP-1β分泌的影响,具有潜在的免疫调节作用。     

血管软化丸调控miRNA-467b抗动脉粥样硬化的作用与初步机制研究

目的 探讨中药复方血管软化丸通过miRNA-467b靶向脂蛋白脂肪酶（lipoprotein lipase,LPL）调控巨噬细胞,减少白细胞介素（interleukin,IL）-6,IL-1β、肿瘤坏死因子-α（tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α）和单核细胞趋化蛋白-1（monocyte chemoattractant protein-1,MCP-1）等炎症因子分泌和巨噬细胞脂质蓄积,从而发挥抗动脉粥样硬化的作用与初步机制。方法 将RAW264.7巨噬细胞随机分为5组,即对照组、模型组、miR-467b mimic组、中药高剂量含药血清组、中药低剂量含药血清组;经干预后,采用RT-PCR检测巨噬细胞中pri-miR-467b和LPL mRNA表达;采用高效液相色谱法检测巨噬细胞内胆固醇水平。连续4周高脂饲料（含脂肪21%、胆固醇0.15%）饲养ApoE-/-小鼠复制动脉粥样硬化模型,模型复制成功后,中药高、低剂量组每日分别灌胃血管软化丸86.4、21.6 g/kg,连续给药12周;对照组、模型组每日灌胃0.9%生理盐水86.4 g/kg 。采用免疫组织化学法检测主动脉LPL蛋白表达水平,RT-PCR检测主动脉pri-miR-467b和LPL mRNA表达水平;采用ELISA法检测血清IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α、MCP-1水平。结果 与对照组比较,模型组巨噬细胞pri-miR-467b mRNA表达水平和巨噬细胞内游离胆固醇（free cholesterol,FC）水平均明显降低（P＜0.05）,巨噬细胞内LPL mRNA及其蛋白表达水平以及总胆固醇（total cholesterol,TC）、胆固醇酯（cholesterol ester,CE）水平均明显升高（P＜0.05）。血管软化丸能够无剂量依赖性地升高巨噬细胞pri-miR-467b mRNA表达水平和巨噬细胞内FC水平（P＜0.05）,降低巨噬细胞中LPL mRNA及其蛋白表达水平以及TC、CE水平（P＜0.05）。血管软化丸能够升高主动脉pri-miR-467b mRNA表达水平（P＜0.05）,降低主动脉中LPL mRNA及其蛋白表达水平以及血清中IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α、 MCP-1水平（P＜0.05）。结论 血管软化丸抑制动脉粥样硬化斑块形成的作用机制可能与调控miRNA-467b靶向LPL调控巨噬细胞,减少IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α、MCP-1等炎症因子分泌和巨噬细胞脂质蓄积相关。     

PM2.5对ApoE-/-小鼠动脉粥样硬化的影响及机制

【摘要】目的 探讨细颗粒物PM2.5对ApoE基因敲除(ApoE-/-)小鼠动脉粥样硬化（AS）斑块的影响及相关分子机制。方法 将32只8周龄的SPF级雄性ApoE-/-小鼠随机分为两组,分别给予高脂饲料喂养8周,同时对照组气管滴注生理盐水,PM2.5组气管滴注PM25的生理盐水混悬液（30 mg〖DK〗·kg-1·d-1）。8周后采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定两组小鼠全血中的PM2.5浓度。免疫组化评估主动脉根部斑块面积、胶原、巨噬细胞和平滑肌细胞表达。实〖JP2〗时荧光定量PCR法检测降主动脉中白介素 6（IL 6）、白介素 12（IL 12）、诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS)、精氨酸酶 1（Arg 1）、〖JP〗CD206、细胞间黏附分子 1（ICAM 1）、单核细胞趋化蛋白 1（MCP 1）以及脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2（Lp PLA2）的表达。结果 与对照组比较,PM2.5组重金属成分含量显著升高（P＜005）,动脉粥样硬化斑块面积增大（P＜005）,斑块中巨噬细胞数量增加（P＜005）,胶原含量降低（P＜005）,平滑肌数量无明显差异（P＞005）。与对照组比较,PM25组小鼠主动脉粥样硬化斑块内IL 6、iNOS、IL 12、ICAM 1、MCP 1、Lp PLA2的表达显著上调（均P＜005）,Arg 1,CD206的表达显著下调（均P＜005）。结论 PM2.5暴露促进了ApoE-/-小鼠动脉粥样硬化斑块的发生、发展,其原因可能与动脉粥样斑块内相关炎症因子表达变化有关。     

重组Klotho蛋白对骨髓来源M1型巨噬细胞向M2型巨噬细胞转变的影响

目的:探究重组Klotho蛋白对小鼠骨髓来源M1型巨噬细胞向M2型巨噬细胞表型转变的影响.方法:分离并鉴定小鼠骨髓来源性巨噬细胞,用巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(M-CSF)诱导骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSC)转变为巨噬细胞M0,流式细胞术和细胞免疫荧光鉴定细胞,普通光镜观察M0细胞形态.将成熟骨髓来源巨噬细胞细胞M0分成LPS组、LPS+Klotho组和空白组.LPS组用 100ng/mL LPS处理,LPS+Klotho组给与 1 μg/mL Klotho和 100ng/mL LPS+LPS共同处理.RT-qPCR检测巨噬细胞极化相关分子:M1亚型巨噬细胞相关标志物(IL-1β、IL-6、iNOS)mRNA和M2亚型巨噬细胞相关标记物(Arg-1、IL-10)mRNA表达.Western blotting检测iNOS、Arg-1蛋白表达水平,细胞免疫荧光检测细胞肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-a)和Arg-1蛋白含量.结果:流式细胞术显示骨髓巨噬细胞纯度为98.4％,光镜和细胞免疫荧光显示骨髓巨噬细胞呈现不规则形态.与空白组相比,LPS组IL-6、iNOS、IL-1β的mRNA和iNOS、TNF-a蛋白相对表达量明显提高(P＜0.001).而与LPS组相比,LPS+Klotho组降低Ml亚型巨噬细胞标记物IL-6、iNOS、IL-1β的mRNA和iNOS、TNF-α蛋白相对表达量(P＜0.001),显著提高了M2型巨噬细胞标志物Arg-1、IL-10 mRNA和Arg-1的蛋白的表达(P＜0.001).结论:重组Klotho蛋白可促进骨髓来源性巨噬细胞由Ml表型向M2表型转变.     

雌二醇通过上调IRE1α-XBP1信号轴抑制小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的分化

目的 研究雌二醇其通过内质网应激通路影响巨噬细胞免疫特性的可能机制。方法 提取C57小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞,IFN-γ60 ng/mL作用下体外培养巨噬细胞,分组检测雌激素对巨噬细胞影响：实验组为雌二醇（1.0 nmol/L）处理;抑制剂组为雌二醇（1.0 nmol/L）和雌激素受体拮抗剂（Acolbifene, 4 nmol/L）同时作用;对照组加等量PBS处理,培养48 h后通过Western blot法检测比较巨噬细胞极化蛋白MHC-II、iNOS和内质网应激标志性蛋白IRE1α、eIF2α和ATF6的表达水平,通过RT-PCR法检测巨噬细胞TGF-β、IL-6、IL-10、TNFα mRNA水平变化。随后分组检测内质网应激对巨噬细胞的影响：雌激素处理组;雌激素和内质网IRE1α信号抑制剂（4 μ 8 C,50 μmol/L）处理组;IRE1α激动剂组（TG,0.2 nmol/L）处理组;对照组加等量PBS处理,随后检测巨噬细胞的分化情况。结果 和对照组比较,雌激素处理后巨噬细胞M1相关蛋白MHC-II （P=0.021）和iNOS（P<0.001）表达显著降低,促炎细胞因子TNF-α（P=0.003）和IL-6 mRNA（P=0.004）表达下调,抗炎的M2型细胞因子TGF-β（P=0.002）和IL-10（P=0.008）mRNA表达上升,同时发现内质网相关的IRE1α（P<0.001）蛋白活化水平升高,其下游转录因子XBP-1（P<0.001）表达上调,加入雌激素受体阻断剂能够改变这种变化。和单纯雌激素处理组比较,在培养基中加入雌激素的同时加入IRE1α抑制剂4 μ 8 C会导致巨噬细胞 M1 相关蛋白 MHC-II（P=0.002）和 iNOS（P=0.003）表达显著上调,促炎细胞因子 TNF-α（P=0.003）和 IL-6mRNA（P=0.024）表达上调,抗炎的M2型细胞因子TGF-β（P<0.001）和IL-10（P<0.001）mRNA表达下调,而激动IRE1α通路会矫正这种变化。结论 雌激素能够通过上调IRE1α-XBP-1信号轴抑制巨噬细胞促炎表型的分化,从而对炎症反应发挥抑制作用。     

PM 2.5对过敏性哮喘小鼠气道炎症反应及内质网应激的影响

探讨空气污染细颗粒物(PM 2.5)对过敏性哮喘小鼠气道炎症反应及内质网应激影响。 方法 采集北京市区PM 2.5,制备PM 2.5干粉; 采用卵清蛋白(OVA)致敏和激发小鼠建立急性期哮喘模型。6～8周龄雌性C57BL/6J小鼠按随机数字表法分为阴性对照组(PBS组)、哮喘模型组(OVA组)、PM 2.5对照组(PM 2.5组)及哮喘小鼠吸入PM 2.5处理组(OVA+PM 2.5组)。实验第0,7及14天致敏OVA组和OVA+PM 2.5组,对照组用磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS)作为对照; 第15～21天激发,OVA+PM 2.5组激发前予PM 2.5混悬液滴鼻,PM 2.5组滴入等量PM 2.5混悬液。末次激发24 h内各组小鼠雾化吸入浓度梯度乙酰甲胆碱(Mch)进行气道高反应(AHR)检测,24 h后收集支气管肺泡灌洗液(BAL)并行炎性细胞的分类计数,酶联免疫法(ELISA)分析上清液中炎症因子白介素(IL)17的含量。留取肺组织行H-E染色和PAS染色,PCR检测IL-17、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)的表达量,Western-blot检测内质网应激相关分子CCAAT/增强子结合蛋白同源蛋白(CHOP)、葡萄糖调节蛋白78(GRP78)和磷酸化肌醇必需酶1(p-IRE1)的表达量。 结果 OVA组炎性细胞较PBS组增多(P<0.05),以嗜酸性粒细胞为主; OVA+PM 2.5组炎性细胞较OVA组增多,以中性粒细胞增高明显(P<0.05)。H-E染色镜下见OVA组炎性细胞中等量浸润; OVA+PM 2.5组大量炎性细胞浸润,炎症评分较OVA组增高(P<0.05)。PAS染色显示OVA+PM 2.5组气道杯状细胞较OVA组明显增加(P<0.05)。OVA+PM 2.5组AHR较OVA组明显,在吸入Mch=50 mg/mL时显著增高(P<0.05)。与OVA组比较,OVA+PM 2.5组IL-17的表达量显著增加; CHOP,GRP78和p-IRE1蛋白表达量显著增加(P<0.05)。PBS组的各检测指标与PM 2.5组比较,差别无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论 吸入PM 2.5加重OVA诱导的过敏性哮喘小鼠的炎症反应,促进炎症因子IL-17的分泌,激发内质网应激,促进气道杯状细胞增生,加重AHR的发生。     

白藜芦醇对小鼠肺泡巨噬细胞释放IL-6、TNF-α的影响

目的:探讨白黎芦醇(Res)对小鼠肺泡巨噬细胞释放细胞因子IL-6,TNF-α的影响。方法:经从小鼠支气管肺泡灌洗中获得肺泡巨噬细胞,分5组进行培养,A组(LPS 10mg/L),B组(LPS 10mg/L+Res 50μg/ml),C组(LPS 10mg/L+Res 100μg/ml),D组(LPS 10mg/L+Res 150μg/ml),E组(LPS 10mg/L+Res 200μg/ml).各组在培养4,6,12,24h提取上清液,应用ELISA法测定上清液中IL-6,TNF-α含量。结果:在LPS刺激下IL-6于12h达释放高峰,在高峰期随着白黎芦醇浓度的逐步加大,IL-6的含量相应逐渐降低,E组IL-6含量明显低于只有内毒素刺激的A组(P<0.05)。同样在LPS刺激下TNF-α于6h达释放高峰,在高峰期随着白黎芦醇浓度的逐步加大,TNF-α含量也相应逐渐降低,而C组、D组、E组TNF-α含量明显低于A组(P<0.05)。结论:白黎芦醇对小鼠肺肺泡巨噬细胞过度释放炎症性细胞因子IL-6,TNF-α具有明显抑制作用。     

右美托咪定对脂多糖致小鼠急性 肺损伤及肺泡巨噬细胞自噬的 影响

目的 探讨右美托咪定（Dex）对脂多糖（LPS）致小鼠急性肺损伤及肺泡巨噬细胞自噬的影响。 方法 将30只雄性 C57BL/6小鼠按随机数字表法分为对照组（Con 组）、LPS 组、Dex+LPS 组,每组各10 只。LPS 组小鼠和Dex+LPS组小鼠腹腔注射 LPS 10 mg/kg,Con组小鼠腹腔注射等量0.9%氯化钠注射液;其中Dex+LPS组小鼠注射LPS前30 min,腹腔注射Dex 50 μg/kg,同时 Con 组和 LPS 组小鼠注射等量 0.9%氯化钠注射液。观察小鼠造模后 24 h 状态,行小鼠脓毒症评分（MSS）,ELISA 法检测血清 TNF-α和IL-6水平,HE染色法观察肺组织病理变化,Western blot法检测小鼠肺组织中微管相关蛋白1轻链3（LC3）Ⅰ和Ⅱ蛋白表 达情况,计算LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ比值。免疫荧光检测肺组织中LC3B、CD68表达情况,并计算LC3B与CD68共定位荧光面积/CD68荧 光面积。 结果 MSS评分提示LPS组和Dex+LPS组小鼠脓毒症造模成功。与Con组小鼠比较,LPS组小鼠的血清TNF-α和IL-6 水平、肺损伤评分、肺组织LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ比值升高,LC3B与CD68共定位荧光面积/CD68荧光面积增加（均P＜0.01）;与LPS组小 鼠比较,Dex+LPS组小鼠的血清TNF-α和IL-6水平、肺损伤评分、肺组织LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ比值降低,LC3B与CD68共定位荧光面 积/CD68荧光面积减少（均P＜0.05）。 结论 Dex能保护LPS致小鼠急性肺损伤,减轻炎症反应,下调自噬相关蛋白LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ 比值,抑制LPS导致肺组织中肺泡巨噬细胞自噬的过度激活。     

熊果酸和坡膜酸通过上调乌头酸脱羧酶1表达促进巨噬细胞内毒素耐受作用的研究

目的 研究熊果酸（ursolic acid, UA）和坡膜酸（pomolic acid, PA）上调乌头酸脱羧酶1(aconitate decarboxylase 1,IRG1)表达从而促进巨噬细胞内毒素耐受的活性机制。方法 用脂多糖（lipopolysaccharide, LPS）刺激RAW264.7细胞两次构建巨噬细胞内毒素耐受模型;将细胞分为空白对照组、LPS组以及LPS+IRG1过表达组,检测IRG1高表达状态下巨噬细胞在两次LPS刺激下IL-6、TNF-α的分泌情况;将细胞分为LPS组和不同浓度的UA和PA干预组,检测两次LPS刺激下各组巨噬细胞IL-6、TNF-α的分泌和IRG1表达情况。结果 过表达IRG1后,与空白对照组相比,LPS组的巨噬细胞在第二次LPS刺激下,IL-6和TNF-α的分泌均受到抑制（P<0.01）;与LPS组相比,实验所设的LPS+UA和LPS+PA各浓度组均能有效减少巨噬细胞在受到LPS第二次刺激时IL-6和TNF-α的分泌,并能上调细胞中IRG1蛋白的表达水平（P<0.01）。结论 UA和PA的干预能够促进巨噬细胞内毒素耐受,且与二者...     

降钙素相关基因肽在小鼠巨噬细胞炎症调控中的作用研究

目的 探讨降钙素相关基因肽（CGRP）在炎症调控中的作用,验证CGRP可通过活性氧簇-核苷酸结合低聚体结构域样受体3（ROS-NLRP3）信号通路抑制小鼠巨噬细胞炎症因子的分泌。方法 实验分为对照组、脂多糖（LPS）100?ng/ml组（LPS组）、CGRP 10?ng/ml组（CGRP 10组）、CGPR 30?ng/ml组（CGRP 30组）、CGRP 100?ng/ml组（CGRP 100组）及CGRP 30?ng/ml+LPS 100?ng/ml组（CGRP 30+LPS组）。作用12?h后,分别收集各组细胞的培养上清,酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测上清液中白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）的蛋白表达。同时收集各组细胞,实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应（qRT-PCR）检测炎症因子IL-1β、TNF-α和炎症复合体NLRP3 mRNA的表达水平。流式细胞术检测各组细胞内活性氧簇（ROS）水平,Western blotting检测ROS-NLRP3信号通路相关蛋白NLRP3、Caspase-1、IL-1β及TNF-α的蛋白表达。结果 与对照组比较,LPS组细胞中IL-1β、TNF-α及NLRP3 mRNA表达水平升高,培养上清液中IL-1β和TNF-α的蛋白表达水平升高,细胞内ROS水平升高,且细胞内NLRP3、Caspase-1、IL-1β及TNF-α的蛋白表达水平升高（P?<0.05）;与LPS组比较,CGRP 10组、CGRP 30组、CGRP 100组、CGRP 30+LPS组细胞中IL-1β、TNF-α及NLRP3 mRNA表达水平降低,培养上清液中IL-1β和TNF-α蛋白表达水平降低,细胞内ROS水平降低,且细胞内NLRP3、caspase-1、IL-1β及TNF-α蛋白表达水平也降低,所有指标中CGRP 30组降低最明显（P?<0.05）。结论 CGRP可降低巨噬细胞内ROS和NLRP3的表达,使炎症因子IL-1β和TNF-α的释放减少,CGRP可能在减弱局部炎症反应中发挥重要的调控作用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.