雪胆素乙对小鼠淋巴细胞体外活化及增殖的影响

目的分析雪胆素乙(Cucurbitacin IIb,CuIIb)对丝裂原刺激的小鼠淋巴细胞体外活化、增殖及促炎因子表达的影响,探讨其潜在的抗炎效应及作用机制。方法以WST法检测CuIIb对刀豆蛋白A(Con A)刺激的淋巴细胞增殖的作用,利用流式细胞术分析小鼠淋巴细胞活化抗原CD69和CD25以及促炎因子肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)和白细胞介素6(IL-6)表达的影响。结果 CuIIb能明显抑制Con A刺激引起的淋巴细胞的增殖作用,并呈现剂量依赖性;经CuIIb处理后,T细胞早期活化标志分子CD69和中期活化分子CD25的表达受到明显抑制;同时,CuIIb以剂量依赖方式抑制Con A诱导的促炎因子TNF-α和IL-6在CD3+T细胞中的表达。结论 CuIIb对小鼠淋巴细胞的活化、增殖均具有明显抑制作用,同时减少炎症相关细胞因子的表达,提示其通过对适应性免疫的调控发挥抗炎效应。     

淫羊藿甙对小鼠T淋巴细胞体外活化和增殖的影响

目的研究淫羊藿甙(ICA)对刀豆蛋白A(ConA)刺激的小鼠T淋巴细胞体外早期活化和增殖的影响。方法以MTT法检测T细胞药物毒性;利用流式细胞术(FCM)结合双色荧光抗体染色技术检测早期活化标志CD69分子的表达;运用流式细胞术结合活体染料羧基荧光素乙酰乙酸(CFDA-SE)染色技术和荧光抗体染色技术检测T细胞增殖。结果ICA在终浓度0.3、1.5、3.0μmol·L-1时对于CD69的表达以及淋巴细胞48和72h增殖,均有明显的抑制作用(P<0.01)。结论ICA能抑制ConA刺激的小鼠T淋巴细胞的早期活化和增殖,并呈剂量依赖性,即在最高浓度3.0μmol·L-1时抑制率最强。     

组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂SAHA对小鼠淋巴细胞增殖和凋亡的影响

研究辛二酰苯胺异羟肟酸(SAHA)对小鼠淋巴细胞活化、增殖和凋亡的影响,并对其免疫调控机制进行初步探讨。以MTS检测淋巴细胞的增殖情况;以双色荧光抗体染色技术结合流式细胞术检测SAHA对T淋巴细胞早期活化抗原CD69表达的影响;采用碘化丙锭(PI)染色检测SAHA对淋巴细胞周期的影响;以Annexin V-PE染色分析细胞凋亡;应用免疫印迹检测SAHA对Cleaved caspase-3表达的影响。结果显示,SAHA对Con A刺激的淋巴细胞增殖具有抑制作用,其IC50为0.30±0.06μmol/L;SAHA对淋巴细胞的早期活化抗原CD69的表达具有明显的抑制作用(P<0.05);PI染色、Annexin V-PE染色和免疫印迹结果均显示,SAHA对小鼠淋巴细胞的凋亡具有促进作用,且呈剂量依赖性。研究表明,SAHA可能通过抑制小鼠淋巴细胞的活化、增殖以及促进其凋亡而发挥免疫调控功能。     

可溶性DC-SIGN对T淋巴细胞增殖及分泌细胞因子的调节作用

目的:研究可溶性DC-SIGN(sDC-SIGN)对T细胞增殖及分泌细胞因子的影响.方法:无菌分离人外周血单个核细胞,免疫磁珠负选法分离纯化T细胞.以Con A、anti-CD3/anti-CD28单抗与sDC-SIGN共培养T细胞,流式细胞术检测CD4+、CD8+T细胞的增殖,ELISA检测培养上清中细胞因子的含量.结果:培养72 h时,对于Con A诱导的T细胞增殖,sDC-SIGN使CD4+、CD8+T细胞的增殖率分别由(11.42±0.20)%和(12.15:±0.39)%下降到(2.61±0.05)%和(1.62±0.04)%(P＜0.05);sDC-SIGN使Con A诱导T细胞配体上清中IL-2、IL-10、IFN-γ、IL-17A的含量(ng/L)分别由680.27±5.86、29.37±0.44、101.82±0.03、60.46±0.34下降到348.54±0.91、22.45±0.05、63.77±0.01、23.74±0.03(P＜0.05),却使IL-6的含量(ng/L)由85.17±0.62增高到460.57±12.67(P＜0.05).对于anti-CD3/anti-CD28单抗诱导的T细胞增殖和细胞因子产生,sDC-SIGN也具有类似效应.此外,sDC-SIGN还下调Con A所刺激T细胞表达早期活化标志CD69.结论:sDC-SIGN可抑制T细胞增殖和影响细胞因子分泌,提示sDC-SIGN可能在T细胞介导免疫的调节中具有重要意义.     

TMB-8对小鼠T淋巴细胞体外活化、增殖和细胞周期的影响

目的: 研究胞内钙离子释放阻断剂8- (N,N-二乙胺) 辛基-3,4,5-三甲氧基苯甲酸酯（TMB-8）对刀豆蛋白A（Con A）介导的小鼠T淋巴细胞体外活化、增殖和细胞周期的影响。方法: 以Con A作为T细胞活化、增殖的刺激剂，以不同浓度的TMB-8及与环孢菌素A（CsA）联合作用于该系统，用流式细胞术检测T细胞早期活化标志CD69分子的表达；以活体染料羧基荧光素乙酰乙酸（CFDA-SE）染色流式细胞术，分析TMB-8在Con A刺激下小鼠淋巴细胞的增殖相关指数（PI）；以碘化丙啶染色分析细胞周期的分布情况。结果: Con A作用6 h后，CD69+ T细胞的比率为（74.88±1.88）%，TMB-8在终浓度10、20、40 μmol/L下均抑制Con A介导的T细胞CD69表达（P<0.01），其中，40 μmol/L的TMB-8为（52.55±1.54）%, 达到最高抑制率。培养48 h和72 h，Con A刺激下的PI值分别为1.24±0.01和2.05±0.07，TMB-8从5 μmol/L起均抑制Con A介导的淋巴细胞增殖（P<0.01），以40 μmol/L的效果最为显著，PI值分别为1.01±0.01和1.10±0.01；10 μmol/L的TMB-8与25 μg/L的环孢菌素A（CsA）具有明显的协同抑制作用（P<0.01）。细胞周期分析显示，培养48 h的TMB-8从10 μmol/L起即显著抑制S期（P<0.01）。结论: TMB-8可明显抑制Con A介导下的T细胞早期活化及增殖，并具T细胞周期的S期阻滞作用。     

连翘提取物对小鼠T淋巴细胞体外活化与增殖的影响

目的:分析连翘(FS)提取物对小鼠淋巴结T细胞的体外活化与增殖的影响,初步探讨其免疫抑制作用机制.方法:无菌分离小鼠淋巴结细胞,加入多克隆刺激剂刀豆蛋白A(ConA)进行刺激,利用荧光标记的单克隆抗体(mAb)染色结合流式细胞术(FCM),检测小鼠T淋巴细胞的表达的活化抗原CD69、CD25、CD71的表达情况;以羧基荧光素乙酰乙酸琥珀酰亚胺酯(CFDA-SE)染色,以FCM分析FS对淋巴细胞体外增殖的影响.结果:终浓度为40、80、160 mg/L的FS均对ConA刺激诱导的T细胞CD69、CD25和CD71的表达有降低作用(P＜0.05).CFDA-SE染色分析显示,上述浓度的FS对ConA诱导的小鼠T淋巴细胞增殖具有抑制作用(P＜0.05).结论:FS对ConA诱导的T细胞早、中、后期活化和体外增殖有抑制作用.     

放线菌酮对小鼠T细胞活化影响的血清免疫药理评价

目的:利用淋巴细胞的早期活化标记物CD69的表达,探讨CHX对T淋巴细胞体外活化的影响。方法:分离小鼠淋巴结细胞,分别与放线菌酮(CHX)、CHX血清预孵1h,加入多克隆刺激剂继续培养,总计培养24h后收获细胞,进行双色免疫荧光标记,以流式细胞术对T细胞的CD69分子表达情况进行分析。结果:在CHX(终浓度10μmol/L)、CHX血清作用下,ConA活化的T细胞CD69表达百分率依次为(12.33±4.75)%、(20.39±6.32)%,与相应对照[分别为(64.67±3.00)%、(64.35±10.13)%]比较均有显著差异(P＜0.01);相应的,药物作用下PDB活化的T细胞CD69表达的百分率依次为(13.07±11.05)%、(6.10±4.91)%,与相应对照[分别为(84.79±6.87)%、(79.68±4.17)%]比较均有显著差异(P＜0.01)。结论:CHX(10μmol/L)、5%的CHX血清对ConA、PDB活化的T淋巴细胞均显示了强烈的抑制效应,证明T细胞活化过程中CD69的表达存在蛋白质的从头合成,对"CD69表达中CD69分子可能储存于细胞浆及其表达的发生并不需要蛋白质的从头合成"这一观点提出质疑。     

双氢青蒿素对小鼠T细胞的免疫抑制作用

目的:研究双氢青蒿素(DHA)在体外对ConA诱导的小鼠T细胞增殖的影响,探讨其可能的免疫作用机制。方法:加入不同浓度DHA,以多克隆刺激剂刀豆蛋白A(ConA)诱导T细胞活化增殖,用羧基荧光素双醋酸盐琥珀酰亚胺酯(CFDA-SE)染色法分析T细胞增殖情况;利用流式细胞术(FCM)结合双色免疫荧光染色技术检测CD3+T细胞早、中、晚期活化标志CD69、CD25、CD71表达情况;用Fluo-4/AM荧光钙离子探针技术检测细胞内钙离子([Ca2+]i)浓度的变化;以碘化丙锭(PI)染色分析细胞周期分布;运用流式细胞术(FCM)结合三色荧光染色技术检测CD4+CD25highTreg早期活化抗原CD69表达情况。结果:CFDA-SE染色结果显示,DHA能有效抑制ConA诱导的T细胞增殖,并呈时间-剂量依赖性;DHA对ConA刺激的CD3+T细胞CD69、CD25的表达有促进作用,而对CD71的表达有抑制作用,均呈剂量依赖性;DHA单独作用不能引起T细胞[Ca2+]i的升高,在ConA的刺激下能引起[Ca2+]i浓度升高;PI染色流式分析结果显示,DHA阻滞细胞于G0/G1期,阻止细胞进入S期和G2/M期;DHA能够下调CD4+CD25highTreg细胞CD69的表达。结论:DHA对小鼠淋巴细胞的增殖有明显的抑制作用,是一种潜在的免疫抑制剂。     

下调Notch3对小鼠T淋巴细胞体外活化增殖及NF-κB的影响

研究siRNA下调Notch3对小鼠T淋巴细胞体外增殖的影响,并初步探讨其免疫调节机制。从小鼠脾脏分离制备T淋巴细胞悬液;将化学合成的靶向Notch3基因的siRNA在Lipofectamine 2000介导下转染小鼠淋巴细胞;通过Westernblot检测各组细胞中Notch3蛋白水平的变化;以不同浓度的Notch3 siRNA作用于该小鼠T淋巴细胞模型,流式细胞术检测CD3~+T细胞早期活化标志CD69分子的表达;MTT检测Notch3-siRNA对小鼠淋巴细胞增殖的抑制作用;EMSA检测NF-κB活性。在淋巴细胞体外培养试验中,转染Notch3 siRNA可以明显降低小鼠淋巴细胞内Notch3的表达,下调Notch3可以显著抑制刀豆蛋白A(ConA)诱导的T细胞CD69的表达;同时下调Notch3对小鼠淋巴细胞的增殖有抑制作用;而且发现下调Notch3能明显抑制ConA诱导的NF-κB活化。实验结果提示,下调Notch3信号可通过抑制NF-κB活化对小鼠T淋巴细胞活化与增殖发挥抑制作用。     

芹菜素对小鼠T淋巴细胞体外活化和增殖的抑制作用

研究芹菜素(apigenin,AP)对小鼠T细胞体外活化和增殖的影响,探讨其作用机制,以及将其开发为免疫抑制药物的可能。无菌分离小鼠淋巴结细胞,加入不同浓度(25μmol/L、50μmol/L、100μmol/L、150μmol/L和200μmol/L)的芹菜素预孵育4 h,用多克隆刺激剂刀豆蛋白A(concanavalin A,ConA)诱导T细胞活化和增殖,并用MTT法检测该药物浓度对T细胞的毒性作用。荧光标记抗体双染色结合流式细胞术,检测各浓度AP对ConA诱导的小鼠T细胞表达早期、中期和晚期活化抗原CD69、CD25和CD71的影响;以二乙酰羧基荧光素-琥珀酰亚胺酯(carboxyfluoresceindiacetate-succinim-idyl ester,CFDA-SE)染色结合流式细胞术,检测各浓度AP对ConA诱导的小鼠T细胞增殖的影响,并应用ModFit软件分析其增殖指数(proliferation index,PI)。结果显示,25~200μmol/L AP对ConA诱导的T细胞CD69、CD25的表达有显著抑制作用(P<0.01),且呈剂量依赖关系;25μmol/L和50μmol/L的AP抑制CD71的表达,但高浓度(大于100μmol/L)才有显著抑制作用(P<0.01)。各浓度AP对ConA诱导的T细胞增殖均有显著抑制作用(P<0.01),且呈剂量依赖关系。表明在一定浓度范围内,AP可显著抑制ConA诱导的小鼠T细胞体外活化及增殖,有望通过进一步研究将其开发成免疫抑制药物。     

组胺对T细胞IL-2产生及增殖活性影响的实验研究

目的:了解组胺对 CD4 和 CD8 T细胞IL-2产生和细胞增殖活性的影响。方法:密度梯度离心及吸附法分离PBMC和PBLC,采用抗CD4 和CD8 抗体分别制备CD8 和CD4 T细胞进行培养,然后采用ELISA法和MTT比色法测上清液IL-2含量及增殖活性。结果:①组胺 CD4 （CD8 ）培养上清液中IL-2水平及MTT增殖指数与T细胞自然培养孔比较明显降低（P<0.05）。②组胺 CD4 （CD8 ） 西咪替丁培养孔上清液中IL-2水平及 MTT增殖指数明显高于未加西咪替丁孔（P<0.05）。③CD4 T细胞自然培养孔上清液中IL-2水平显著高于CD8 T细胞自然培养孔。结论:组胺可抑制T细胞IL-2产生及增殖。西咪替丁可阻断组胺对T细胞的抑制作用。CD8 T细胞也可产生IL-2,但其功能较 CD4 T细胞为低。     

白藜芦醇对小鼠T细胞活化、增殖及细胞因子分泌的影响

目的：研究白藜芦醇（RSV）对小鼠T淋巴细胞增殖及细胞因子分泌的影响，为阐明其免疫抑制作用提供实验依据。方法：无菌分离小鼠淋巴结细胞．加入不同浓度的RSV预先孵育1h，用多克隆刺激剂佛波醇酯和离子霉素刺激T细胞活化增殖。采用^3H—TdR掺入法检测RSV对T细胞增殖的影响；用RT-PCR检测IL-2及IFN-γ mRNA的表达；用胞内细胞因子染色法分析IL-2和IFN-γ的分泌。结果：RSV能抑制T细胞增殖，也能在mRNA水平及蛋向水平上抑制IL-2及IFN-γ的分泌。结论：RSV对T细胞的免疫抑制作用，可能与其抑制T细胞的活化、增殖和细胞因子的分泌有关。     

红霉素衍生物抑制体外培养的人T淋巴细胞株增殖

目的：观察红霉素（EM）及其衍生物对人T淋巴细胞增殖及细胞凋亡的影响，探讨红霉素衍生物抗炎作用的部分机制。方法：用MTT法检测4种无抗菌活性的红霉素衍生物对人T淋巴细胞增殖的作用，从中选出活性突出的化合物，利用流式细胞仪和TUNEL方法观察其对细胞凋亡的影响。结果：红霉素衍生物-Ⅰ抑制T淋巴细胞增殖活性优于红霉素，其IC50值分别为（425.6±32.1）μmol/L和（606.3±35.4）μmol/L（P<0.01）；红霉素衍生物-Ⅰ（3-30 mg/L）和红霉素 （30-100 mg/L）可诱导T淋巴细胞凋亡，与剂量呈正相关。红霉素衍生物-Ⅰ在100 mg/L时引起细胞死亡。结论：无抗菌活性的红霉素衍生物的抗炎活性与其抑制T淋巴细胞增殖和诱导细胞凋亡的作用可能有一定关联。     

Modeled microgravity suppressed expansion of the MBP-specific T lymphocytes of rats with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of autoreactive T lymphocytes, with markedly increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. To further dissect the pathogenetic pathways of this disease, we exposed T lymphocytes from EAE rats, which were specific for myelin basic protein (MBP) to a modeled microgravity (MMG) environment, using a rotated cell culture system (RCCS) that was known to suppress proliferation of normal T cells. Following exposure to MMG, the proliferation of EAE lymphocytes decreased dramatically compared to those cultured in unit gravity (UG). At the beginning of MMG, a significant increase of apoptosis of MBP-specific T lymphocytes was observed, while at a later stage, the cytokine secretion profile of exposed MBP-specific T lymphocytes was altered, as was the differentiation of Th subsets. We concluded that the function of MBP-specific T lymphocytes was disordered after exposure to MMG.     

Modeled Microgravity Suppressed Expansion of the MBP-specific T Lymphocytes of Rats with Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of autoreactive T lymphocytes, with markedly increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. To further dissect the pathogenetic pathways of this disease, we exposed T lymphocytes from EAE rats, which were specific for myelin basic protein (MBP) to a modeled microgravity (MMG) environment, using a rotated cell culture system (RCCS) that was known to suppress proliferation of normal T cells. Following exposure to MMG, the proliferation of EAE lymphocytes decreased dramatically compared to those cultured in unit gravity (UG). At the beginning of MMG, a significant increase of apoptosis of MBP-specific T lymphocytes was observed, while at a later stage, the cytokine secretion profile of exposed MBP-specific T lymphocytes was altered, as was the differentiation of Th subsets. We concluded that the function of MBP-specific T lymphocytes was disordered after exposure to MMG.     

Synergy between human T and B lymphocytes in their response to phythaemagglutinin and pokeweed mitogen.

Human B- and T-lymphocyte preparations were isolated by separating T lymphocytes that formed rosettes with sheep erythrocytes from unrosetted B lymphocytes. Pokeweed mitogen stimulates the proliferation of both B- and T-lymphocyte preparations. In contrast, phytohaemagglutinin stimulates little or no proliferation of purified B lymphocytes although it stimulates the proliferation of T lymphocytes. Lymphoid preparations containing both T and B lymphocytes are more responsive to both mitogens than are either T- or B-lymphocyte preparations. This observation suggested synergy between T and B lymphocytes in the response of unfractionated lymphocytes to mitogens. The basis for this synergy was shown to be the capacity of T lymphocytes to facilitate the proliferation of B lymphocytes cultured with pokeweed mitogen or phytohaemagglutinin. The activity of T lymphocytes is not dependent upon their proliferation or attributable to their release of mitogenic factors. With regard to the clinical evaluation of immune function, our results indicate that the proliferative response of human lymphocytes to phytohaemagglutinin or pokeweed mitogen cannot be directly related to the percentage of T lymphocytes in the lymphoid preparation.     

Accessory cell function of human alveolar macrophages in antigen-induced T lymphocyte proliferation

We compared the accessory cell function of human alveolar macrophages (AM) to that of human blood monocytes (Mo) obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage and venipuncture from normal volunteers. Graded numbers of either AM or Mo were added to autologous peripheral blood T lymphocytes that were stimulated with a purified protein derivative of tuberculin (PPD). Either AM or Mo were cocultured with allogeneic T lymphocytes in mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) experiments. Both AM and Mo supported the PPD-induced T lymphocyte proliferation and allogeneic MLR at low ratios of AM or Mo to T lymphocytes with similar efficiency. However, AM showed marked suppressive effects at higher ratios of AM to T lymphocytes (1:1). PPD-pulsed AM, but not AM killed by physical treatments (heat, freeze-thaw, sonication), induced T lymphocyte proliferation. An indirect immunofluorescent study demonstrated that most AM express HLA-DR antigens. Furthermore, AM synthesized DR antigens with molecular weights of 33,000 and 29,000-31,000 daltons. When AM were treated with both anti-DR monoclonal antibody and complement, PPD-induced T lymphocyte proliferation and MLR were diminished. These results suggest that human AM function as accessory cells in the antigen-induced T lymphocyte proliferation and DR antigens on AM play an important role in the accessory cell function.     

间充质干细胞对混合淋巴细胞反应体系中T淋巴细胞的免疫调节作用

目的:探讨间充质干细胞(MSC)在体外对T淋巴细胞免疫调节作用的特点。方法:通过Ficoll梯度密度离心法分离出正常人骨髓单个核细胞,体外培养扩增MSC,获取第3代细胞。将其按照不同的比例加入双向混合淋巴细胞培养(MLC)体系中,在第3、5天,采用MTT比色法检测各组MLC中的T淋巴细胞的增殖情况,再用流式细胞术分析其与MSC共孵育前后细胞表面标记的变化情况。结果:加入了MSC的MLC体系中,MSC对T淋巴细胞的增殖抑制具有剂量依赖性,且随着时间延长,抑制程度增强;其中,CD4 T细胞亚群受抑不如CD8 T细胞亚群显著;另外,T淋巴细胞表面CD25的表达虽然较对照组有所下降,但是CD4、CD25共表达的细胞却较对照组有明显的上升趋势。T淋巴细胞表面活化抗原HLA-DR的表达较对照组有轻度减低。结论:MSC在体外能够明显抑制T淋巴细胞的增殖,其主要是针对CD8 T细胞(CTL)。另外,它还能下调活化T淋巴细胞上一些较特异的表面标记CD25和HLA-DR的表达。     

Myelin basic protein-specific T lymphocytes proliferation and programmed cell death in demyelinating diseases

A dynamic equilibrium between proliferation and programmed cell death (PCD) of auto-reactive T lymphocytes plays a pivotal role in the prevention of autoimmune diseases. We analyzed T lymphocytes myelin basic protein (MBP)-specific PCD and proliferation in demyelinating diseases. Results showed that MBP-specific PCD was significantly decreased in CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), not determined leukoencephalopathy (NDLE), and acute MS (AMS) patients compared to patients with stable MS (SMS) and healthy controls. MBP-specific proliferation/PCD rates were high in CD4+ T lymphocytes of PML, NDLE, and AMS patients, and in CD8+ T cells of PML and AMS individuals alone. Alterations of the balance between MBP-specific proliferation and PCD are present in demyelinating diseases and could play a major role in the pathogenesis of these diseases.