HGF基因转染对裸鼠人淋巴瘤移植瘤的促进作用

 目的：探讨肝细胞生长因子（HGF）基因转染对裸鼠人淋巴瘤移植瘤的促进作用及其机制。方法：采用HGF基因重组质粒pVITRO2-HGF转染的Raji细胞建立裸鼠皮下人淋巴瘤移植瘤模型,动态监测裸鼠体重和肿瘤大小;8周后获取瘤组织,分别采用脱氧核糖核酸末端转移酶介导的缺口末端标记技术(TUNEL) 和免疫组化检测移植瘤组织的细胞凋亡和微血管密度（MVD）,并进行相关分析。结果：造模成功率为96.7%。HGF转染组的瘤体积明显大于HGF转染+VP-16组(P<0.01)、未转染组与空载体组(P<0.01),HGF转染+VP-16组也大于对照组(P<0.01),未转染组与空载体组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。pVITRO2-HGF转染组凋亡指数显著低于对照组(P<0.01),经VP-16诱导后凋亡增加(P<0.01),但仍低于对照组(P<0.01)。pVITRO2-HGF转染组的MVD显著高于对照组(P<0.01),但经VP-16诱导后血管增生降低（P<0.01）,但仍高于对照组 (P<0.05),对照组间无显著差异(P>0.05) 。结论：HGF基因转染可显著促进裸鼠人淋巴瘤移植瘤的生长,明显抑制凋亡的发生,这一效应可能与其促进肿瘤血管新生和抑制肿瘤细胞凋亡有关。     

人鼻型NK/T细胞淋巴瘤的裸鼠移植与传代

鼻型NK／T细胞淋巴瘤是最常见的淋巴结外非B细胞淋巴瘤，在东南亚国家和地区发病率较高，具有特殊临床表现、免疫表型和生物学行为，肿瘤组织均存在不同程度的凝固性坏死和黏膜溃疡形成。实际工作中，局部活检组织多较小，除做常规病理诊断和免疫表型检测外所剩无几，致使对该肿瘤的研究工作难以深层次进行。为此，建立该肿     

Bcl-XL反义寡核苷酸转染对食管癌细胞增殖及裸鼠体内人食管癌移植瘤生长的抑制作用

目的探讨Bcl-XL反义寡核苷酸转染后,对食管癌细胞增殖及裸鼠体内人食管癌移植瘤生长的影响。方法采用阳离子脂质体介导的反义寡核苷酸转染、逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)、Western蛋白印迹杂交、四甲基偶氮唑盐光吸收法(MTT法)、流式细胞术及凋亡的原位末端标记(TUNEL)检测等方法观察了Bcl-XL反义寡核苷酸转染对食管癌细胞增殖、凋亡的影响及裸鼠体内人食管癌移植瘤生长的影响。结果MTT法检测显示,Bcl-XL反义寡核苷酸可显著抑制食管癌细胞的增殖(P<0.05);对Bcl-XLmRNA表达抑制率为57.3%,可显著下调Bcl-XL的蛋白表达;应用流式细胞术和TUNEL检测技术,反义寡核苷酸组的凋亡率分别为(31.1±5.8)%和35.0%,与相关对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。反义寡核苷酸组裸鼠体内人食管癌移植瘤的生长受到显著抑制(P<0.05)。Bcl-XLmRNA及蛋白表达亦受到明显抑制,并且移植瘤组织中凋亡细胞明显增加。结论Bcl-XL反义寡核苷酸可有效抑制食管癌细胞增殖及裸鼠体内人食管癌移植瘤的生长。通过反义寡核苷酸下调Bcl-XL的表达,达到治疗食管癌的目的,为食管癌的基因治疗提供实验依据。     

人前列腺癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型的建立

目的 建立人前列腺癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型.方法 采用人前列腺癌细胞株PC-3细胞接种于裸鼠的颈背部皮下,计算成瘤潜伏期、成瘤百分率,观察移植瘤大体生长情况,绘制生长曲线,并对移植瘤进行病理鉴定.结果 采用人前列腺癌细胞株PC-3细胞皮下接种方式建立移植瘤的平均成瘤潜伏期为24天,成瘤百分率为100％,瘤体积倍增时间为10天左右,移植瘤的形态和功能特性与原发肿瘤基本相似.结论 本动物模型的建立可为前列腺癌的放射免疫显像以及放射免疫治疗提供一个有价值的实验平台.     

DPC4基因转染对结肠癌细胞生长的抑制作用及其作用机制

目的 研究DPCA基因转染对结肠癌细胞生长及p21^WAFI mRNA表达的影响。方法 构建pcDNA3．1-DPCA真核表达质粒．利用脂质体转染技术将pcDNA3．1质粒和pcDNA3．1-DPCA质粒分别导入结肠癌细胞系SW620;采用免疫细胞化学和Western蛋白印迹检测细胞中DPCA基因的表达;通过检测细胞生长曲线、克隆形成实验研究DPCA基因转染对SW620细胞生长的抑制作用。通过逆转录．聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测各组细胞内p21^WAFI mRNA的表达。结果 转染DPC4基因后,在SW620细胞中可检测到高表达的DPCA蛋白;细胞生长倍增时间(74h)明显延长;细胞克隆形成率(21％)明显降低。DPCA基因转染后SW620细胞p21^WAFI mRNA含量增加。结论 DPC4基因的高表达能够抑制结肠癌细胞的生长,DPCA基因可能通过诱导p21^WAFI基因的表达而抑制结肠癌细胞的生长。     

裸鼠皮下人肝癌移植瘤模型的建立

目的建立裸鼠皮下肝癌移植瘤模型。方法BLBA/c裸鼠颈背部皮下注射人肝癌SMMC-7721细胞悬液5×106个.0.2m l-1.只-1,观察肿瘤生长情况,45d处死。瘤组织作病理及电镜检查;取裸鼠周围血作甲胎蛋白(AFP)的检测;用免疫组化法检测肿瘤微血管密度(MVD)。结果该模型具有类似人原发性肝癌的形态学特征。结论成功建立了人肝癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型。     

美国实验室裸鼠移植瘤造模带教体会

裸鼠移植瘤模型是抗癌药物筛选的主要体内模型。2008年至2010年,笔者在美国伯明翰阿拉巴马大学（university of al-abama at birmingham,UAB）医学院药理毒理系做博士后研究,主要研究方向为抗肿瘤药物的筛选并数次为新进实验室的博士生及博士后进行裸鼠移植瘤造模带教。本文以胰腺癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型的造模带教为例,谈几点体会。     

Decorin基因转染对人胃癌裸鼠移植瘤生长的影响

目的:探讨核心蛋白聚糖(DCN)对人胃癌细胞SGC-7901裸鼠移植瘤生长的影响及可能的机制。方法:构建裸鼠胃癌移植瘤模型,将重组质粒pEGFP-N1-DCN注入肿瘤中央及基底部,以空质粒组和生理盐水组作为对照,测量肿瘤体积和质量的变化,RT-PCR及Western blot法检测DCN的表达,Western blot法检测转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)和基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)的表达,免疫组织化学染色方法检测血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的表达。结果:裸鼠胃癌移植瘤模型构建成功,与对照组比较,重组质粒组肿瘤生长速度减慢,肿瘤体积和质量明显变小(P<0.05);RT-PCR显示重组质粒组DCN表达增强(P<0.05),Western blot结果显示重组质粒组有融合蛋白的表达,重组质粒组TGF-β1及MMP-9蛋白表达均降低(P<0.05);免疫组化显示重组质粒组VEGF表达降低(P<0.05)。结论:DCN基因可以抑制裸鼠移植瘤生长,其机制可能与转化生长因子-β1及基质金属蛋白酶-9蛋白的表达降低和肿瘤新生血管形成抑制有关。     

RNA干扰FABP5基因对人肝癌HepG2细胞裸鼠移植瘤生长的影响

目的:研究脂肪酸结合蛋白5(FABP5)基因沉默的慢病毒载体对人肝癌Hep G2细胞成瘤效应的影响。方法:采用RNA干扰技术构建重组逆转录慢病毒载体。Hep G2细胞分为3组:实验组以FABP5基因沉默慢病毒颗粒(LV-shRNA-FABP5)感染Hep G2细胞;阴性对照组以空载体慢病毒颗粒(LV-shRNA-NC)感染Hep G2细胞;空白对照组不做任何处理。将裸鼠随机分为3组,接种肿瘤细胞后观察裸鼠成瘤情况。4周后测量肿瘤的体积和重量,绘制移植瘤生长曲线。Real-time PCR、Western blot及免疫组织化学法检测裸鼠移植瘤中FABP5的表达。结果:LV-shRNA-FABP5可以降低Hep G2细胞FABP5的表达。3组裸鼠接种癌细胞后均有肿瘤形成。与空白对照组和阴性对照组相比,实验组肿瘤生长速度明显减慢,且体积及重量明显减小(P0.05);实验组裸鼠肝癌移植瘤组织的FABP5 mRNA和蛋白表达水平相比空白对照组和阴性对照组表达明显下降(P0.05)。结论:沉默FABP5基因表达能有效抑制人肝癌裸鼠移植瘤的生长。FABP5可能成为肝癌基因治疗的一个有效靶点。     

Comparative studies between nude and scid mice on the growth and metastatic behavior of xenografted human tumors

The growth and metastatic behavior of three human tumor cell lines and a human colon carcinoma previously passagedin vivo were compared between nude mice and scid mice after xenotransplantation. The three human tumor lines included a bladder carcinoma (T24B), a melanoma (RPMI 7931) and alacZ gene-transduced breast cancer (MDA-MB-435 BAG). ThelacZ gene codes for -galactosidase, which can be stained blue with chromogenic substrate X-gal, thus allowing the highly sensitive detection and quantitative examination of human cancer metastasis in host mice. Adult (7–14 weeks) NMRI nude and C.B-17 SCID mice were inoculated with 0.5–5 × 10⁶ tumor cells s.c. Comparable take rate, latent period and growth rate of implanted tumors were observed in nude and scid mice for each of the cell lines tested. At the time of autopsy, which varied from 6 to 11 weeks after inoculation, a significantly higher incidence of spontaneous lung metastasis was discovered in scid mice (96%) than in age-matched nude mice (27%, totalP < 0.001).In vitro assays for NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity revealed no significant differences between the two strains of mice. Our results suggest that nude and scid mice are equally suitable for propagating human tumors. However, the metastatic capacity of human tumor cells appears to be better expressed in scid mice. Scid mice may therefore provide an advantageous model for the study of human tumor metastasis.     

结外鼻型NK/T细胞淋巴瘤c-kit基因突变分析

目的分析鼻型NK／T细胞淋巴瘤（N—NK／T—L）组织中c—kit基因突变和表达情况,探讨N．NK／T-L可能的特异分子标记物。方法研究组为36例N-NK／T-L,对照组包括11例同部位B细胞淋巴瘤（BCL）和5例颈部非特殊性外周T细胞淋巴瘤（PTCL）;采用免疫组化EnVision法对淋巴瘤进行c—kit产物CD117标记;采用巢式PCR法对31例N—NK／T—L、11例BCL和5例PTCL肿瘤组织c—kit基因11和17号外显子片段进行扩增,PCR纯化产物测序和序列分析。结果N—NK／T—L组织学表现为凝固性坏死,不同大小和异型的肿瘤性淋巴细胞呈破坏性生长浸润于炎性背景中。36例N．NK／T-L免疫组化表达阳性率为：CD45RO75．0％、CD3e72．2％、TIA83．3％、GranzymeB61．1％、CD5680．5％、CD3030．6％,而全部病例CD117阴性。对照组5例PTCL均为TIA1阳性,仅1例GranzymeB阳性,而11例BCL仅CD20和CD79et阳性,其余标记均阴性。GranzymeB表达与N-NK／T-L肿瘤细胞的异型性具有相关性（P〈0．05）。尽管所有病例CD117染色阴性,但c—kit基因11和17外显子扩增序列分析表明8例（8／31,25．8％）N-NK／T—L病例具有基因突变,其中分别有4例涉及11外显子和17外显子;对照组11例BCL和5例PTCL中分别有1例具有11外显子突变。所有突变均为碱基替代错义突变,热点涉及571、572和821位点。结论上述结果提示除组织学特征外,GranzymeB可能是更可靠的N-NK／T—L诊断和鉴别诊断指标。c-kit错义突变可发生于约1／4的N—NK／T—L病例中,该突变可能引起c-kit的功能失调。     

An ultra-metastatic model of human colon cancer in nude mice

An ultra-high metastatic model of human colon cancer was developed in order to represent highly malignant patient disease for which there is no current model. Surgical orthotopic implantation (SOI) of a histologically intact liver metastasis fragment derived from a surgical specimen of a patient with metastatic colon cancer was initially implanted in the colon, liver and subcutaneously in nude mice. This tumor did not metastasize for the first 10 passages. At the eleventh passage, the tumor exhibited metastasis from the colon to the liver, spleen, and lymph nodes. At this time, two selective passages were carried out by transplanting resulting liver metastases in the nude mice to the colon of additional nude mice. After these two passages, the tumor became stably ultra-metastatic and was termed AC3488UM. One-hundred percent of mice transplanted with AC3488UM with SOI to the colon exhibited local growth, regional invasion, and spontaneous metastasis to the liver, lymph nodes, and spleen. While the maximum size of the primary tumor was 0.9 g, the metastatic liver was over 9 times the weight of the normal liver with the maximum weight of the metastatic liver over 12 g. Liver metastases were detected by the tenth day after transplantation in all animals. Half the animals died of metastatic tumor 25 days after transplantation. Histological characteristics of AC3488UM tumor were poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of colon. Mutant p53 is expressed heterogeneously in the primary tumor and more homogeneously in the liver metastasis suggesting a possible role of p53 in the liver metastasis. The human origin of AC3488UM was confirmed by positive fluorescence staining for in situ hybridization of human DNA. The AC3488 human colon-tumor model with its ultra-high metastatic capability in each transplanted animal, short latency and a short median survival period is different from any known human colon cancer model and will be an important tool for the study of and development of new therapy for highly metastatic human colon cancer.     

抗人黑色素瘤单克隆抗体在荷瘤裸鼠体内的分布及其定位显像

本文观察了~(131)I 标记的黑色素瘤 McAb HB8759在荷瘤裸鼠体内的生物学分布及放射免疫显像。静脉注射 ~(131)I—McAb48h 和72h 后肿瘤与非肿瘤在5种主要脏器比活性比值(T/NT)分别平均为6.6和9.6,~(131)I—McAb 注射24h 后在移植瘤中明显定位浓集,48～72h 是放射免疫显像的最佳时间。