巩膜隧道式切口白内障囊外摘出及人工晶体植入术后角膜散光临床分析

目的 :探讨巩膜隧道式切口对人工晶体植入术后角膜散光及视力的影响。方法 :对 33眼采用巩膜隧道式切口行白内障囊外摘出及人工晶体植入术 ,30眼采用角膜缘阶梯状切口行白内障囊外摘出及人工晶体植入术 ,比较术后角膜散光及视力的变化。结果 :巩膜隧道式切口术后 5 d平均角膜散光 ( 3.1 5± 1 .5 4 ) D,术后 3个月 ( 1 .1 9± 0 .4 8) D;对照组为 ( 5 .1 2± 2 .1 3) D和 ( 3.2 5± 1 .5 8) D,两组比较有显著性差异 ( P<0 .0 5 )。术后 5 d裸眼视力≥ 0 .5者 2 6眼 ,占 78.8% ;对照组 1 0眼 ,占 33.3% ,两组比较有显著性差异 ( P<0 .0 5 )。结论 :巩膜隧道式切口白内障囊外摘出及人工晶体植入术术后视力好、散光小 ,是一种经济、有效的白内障复明手术。     

反“V”字形巩膜隧道切口白内障囊外摘除人工晶体植入术156例疗效观察

目的探讨反＂V＂字形巩膜隧道切口白内障囊外摘除人工晶体植入术的临床效果。方法对156例（183眼）白内障患者施行反＂V＂字形巩膜隧道切口白内障摘出人工晶体植入术,观察术后的视力、术中及术后的并发症。结果术后视力0.5以上者138眼,0.3-0.4者35眼,0.1-0.25者6眼,0.1以下者4眼。术中后囊膜破裂11眼,术后角膜水肿16眼,无严重并发症。结论反＂V＂字形巩膜隧道切口白内障摘出人工晶体植入术切口小愈合快、术后反应小、散光小、并发症少、视力恢复快。     

巩膜隧道小切口人工晶体植入术疗效观察

目的比较直线型巩膜隧道小切口非超声乳化白内障人工晶体植入术与常规角膜缘大切口人工晶体植入术的手术效果。方法160例(194眼)老年性白内障患者,随机分为观察组78例(88眼)和对照组82例(106眼),分别行7mm直线型巩膜隧道小切口与常规角膜缘大切口摘除白内障,比较两组术后视力和散光情况。结果与对照组相比,术后1周和术后3个月观察组视力恢复快,散光少。结论直线型巩膜隧道小切口人工晶体植入术后散光少,视力恢复快,不需要昂贵设备,便于在基层医院推广应用。     

小切口白内障摘出联合人工晶体植入术(附56例分析)

目的：探讨巩膜隧道小切口白内障摘出及人工晶体植入术的临床效果。方法：对56例(68名)施行巩膜隧道切口自内障摘出及人工晶体植,做上方角膜缝后2mm长约6～6．5mm巩膜水平板层隧道切口,晶状体圈匙托出晶状体核．植入人工晶体。结果：术后视力恢复快,术后1天裸眼视力≥0．5者46眼(67．65％),术后1周裸眼及矫正视力≥0．5者54眼(79．54％),术后并发症少。结论：巩膜隧道小切口白内障摘出术疗效好,术后并发症少,设备便宜,易于在基层开展。     

基层医院开展小切口白内障手术的体会

目的 探讨小切口白内障囊外摘出术的疗效.方法 白内障108例(116只眼).球后麻醉.巩膜隧道切口加侧切口,行小切口非超声乳化人工晶体植入术治疗白内障.结果 术后1周视力≥0.5者68%,平均散光1.12±0.26D,术后1个月,视力≥0.5者82%,术后3个月,视力≥0.5者85%,平均散光0.25±0.18D.结论 小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除人工晶体植入术,视力恢复快,效果良好.     

无缝线小切口白内障摘除术人工晶体植入术112例报告

目的　评价无缝线小切口白内障摘除及人工晶体植入术的疗效。方法　对 12 8眼老年性、并发性、先天性、外伤性白内障施行无缝线小切口白内障摘除及人工晶体植入术 ,对硬核白内障行手法碎核。结果　术后 1周裸眼或矫正视力≥ 0 .5为 80 .5 % ,3个月为 95 % ,术后 1周平均散光 1.95± 1.5 3D ,术后 3个月角膜散光为 0 .93± 0 .5 5D。并发症为角膜水肿、后囊膜破裂、暂时性高眼压。结论　小切口无缝线白内障摘除及人工晶体植入术术后散光小 ,手术安全 ,切口自闭性能好 ,视力恢复快     

基层医院开展小切口白内障摘出及人工晶体植入术的体会

小切口白内障摘出及人工晶体植入术 ,不需要特殊设备 ,简单易行 ,特别适合基层医院应用〔1〕。我院近年来对 6 0例 (6 3眼 )白内障患者行巩膜隧道式小切口白内障摘出及人工晶体植入术 ,取得良好疗效 ,现报告如下。1　材料与方法1 1　一般资料 :本组 6 0例 6 3眼 ,男 2 7例 2 8眼 ,女33例 35眼。其中老年性白内障 5 3例 5 5眼 ,外伤性白内障 3例 3眼 ,先天性白内障 4例 5眼 ,年龄 12至86岁。术前视力手动 5 6眼 ,指数 7眼。术后 1周及1月分别记录裸眼视力。1 2　手术方法 :球周麻醉。在上方角膜缘后 2 0ｍｍ处作直线形半层巩膜切口 ,长 6 0…     

小切口非超声乳化白内障摘出术42例疗效观察

目的:探讨小切口非超声乳化白内障摘出术的手术技巧及临床效果。方法:对42例(48眼)白内障病人采用9点到12点方向反弧形小切口非超声乳化白内障摘出术及人工晶体植入术。结果:术后1周视力达0.5以上者30眼(62.5%),术后1个月视力达0.5以上者36眼(75%),术后并发症主要是角膜水肿。结论:该术式不需昂贵设备,且具有切口小、散光少、术后恢复快等优点,适合在基层医院开展。     

小切口非超声乳化人工晶体植入术临床分析

目的 :比较小切口无缝线非超声乳化白内障人工晶体植入术与常规角膜缘大切口白内障人工晶状体植入术的手术效果。方法 :对比 6mm巩膜隧道切口摘除白内障后房型人工晶体植入术与常规大切口手术。结果 :临床观察术后 1周及 1、3个月的疗效 ,实验组视力恢复优于后者 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :小切口非超声乳化白内障人工晶体植入术 ,手术切口小 ,术后散光小 ,视力恢复快。在基层医院具有重要的临床推广价值     

角膜缘隧道切口白内障超声乳化折叠式人工晶体植入术

目的 :评价角膜缘隧道切口的白内障超声乳化折叠式人工晶体植入术的效果。　方法 :对 6 6例 (72眼 )老年性、并发性、外伤性白内障采用 3.2 mm角膜缘隧道切口 ,行白内障超声乳化并植入折叠式人工晶体 ,观察手术前后视力、角膜曲率、角膜地形图的变化。　结果 :术后 1天、1周、1个月的视力达 0 .5以上者分别占 6 9.4%、80 .6 %和86 .1% ,术后 1周平均散光为 (1.85± 0 .89) D,比术前增加 0 .30 D(P<0 .0 1) ,角膜地形图显示切口处轻度陡峭或平坦 ,术后 1个月平均散光为 (1.48± 1.0 2 ) D,P>0 .0 5 ,角膜地形图显示已恢复术前状态。　结论 :角膜缘隧道切口的白内障超声乳化折叠式人工晶体植入术能简化手术步骤 ,术后视力恢复快 ,炎症反应轻 ,具有早期恢复至术前眼屈光状态的优势     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.