虎杖甙对正常大鼠血管平滑肌细胞内游离钙浓度的影响

目的：观察虎杖甙（ＰＤ）对培养的大鼠血管平滑肌细胞（ＶＳＭＣ）内钙离子浓度的变化机理。方法：用Ｆｌｕｏ－３－ＡＭ标记培养的ＶＳＭＣ，在粘附式细胞仪上测定细胞内游离钙的变化。结果：实验结果表明，ＰＤ（００２～２０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ）可使大鼠ＶＳＭＣ内游离钙浓度升高，波形变宽，其引起的钙波形态与去甲肾上腺素（ＮＥ）及氯化钾所引起的高尖钙波不同，ＰＤ使ＶＳＭＣ产生一种剂量依赖性的、持续缓慢升高的钙波。ＰＤ引起的细胞内游离钙升高可被ＥＧＴＡ（２ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ）及维拉帕米（５０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ）明显抑制。结论：以上结果提示ＰＤ既促进ＶＳＭＣ外钙离子进入细胞内，还能诱导细胞内钙离子释放；ＰＤ可能会提高正常ＶＳＭＣ的收缩性，增加正常血管的张力。     

高糖加高胰岛素对人血管平滑肌细胞增殖及细胞内游离钙水平的影响

目的：了解高糖加高胰岛素对人血管平滑肌细胞（ＨＶＳＭＣ）增殖的影响及其有关机制。方法：用含与不含维拉帕米（Ｖｅｒ）的高糖、高胰岛素、高糖加高胰岛素ＤＭＥＭ培养液分别培养人脐动脉平滑肌细胞３５ｄ；并以正常糖（５６ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ葡萄糖）ＤＭＥＭ培养液培养为对照。结果：高糖、高胰岛素、高糖加高胰岛素培养液培养的各组ＨＶＳＭＣ计数及细胞内游离钙水平均显著高于对照组和含１μｍｏｌＶｅｒ的高糖、高胰岛素、高糖加高胰岛素培养液培养的各组（Ｐ＜００１）。高糖加高胰岛素培养液培养组ＨＶＳＭＣ计数及细胞内游离钙水平显著高于高糖、高胰岛素培养液培养的各组（Ｐ＜００１）。结论：高糖加高胰岛素具有协同促进ＨＶＳＭＣ增殖的作用，这主要是通过增加细胞膜上钙通道开放而实现的。     

异丙嗪对家兔EGTA性发热的解热作用及其机制研究

目的：观察异丙嗪（ｐｒｏｍｅｔｈａｚｉｎｅ,ＰＭＺ）对家兔ＥＧＴＡ性发热的影响并探讨其作用机制。方法：侧脑室和静脉给药。用Ｆｕｒａ－２荧光分光光度法测定细胞内游离钙浓度（［Ｃａ２＋］ｉ）。结果：（１）侧脑室灌注０６μｍｏｌＥＧＴＡ引起家兔明显的发热反应,侧脑室灌注０６μｍｏｌＥＧＴＡ２０ｍｉｎ后,静脉注射ＰＭＺ（５ｍｇ／ｋｇ）明显抑制ＥＧＴＡ引起的结肠温度上升,其３ｈ发热反应指数明显低于侧脑室灌注０６μｍｏｌＥＧＴＡ２０ｍｉｎ后静脉注射生理盐水（ＮＳ）组。而侧脑室灌注人工脑脊液（ＡＣＳＦ）２０ｍｉｎ后静脉注射ＰＭＺ（５ｍｇ／ｋｇ）组家兔结肠温度明显低于ＡＣＳＦ＋ＮＳ对照组。（２）体外实验发现,向下丘脑细胞悬液中加入终浓度为０７４ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ的ＰＭＺ,下丘脑细胞［Ｃａ２＋］ｉ从（１５９２±１８８）ｎｍｏｌ／Ｌ升高到（５３３７±９０１）ｎｍｏｌ／Ｌ（Ｐ＜００５）。结论：ＰＭＺ诱导体温调节中枢神经细胞［Ｃａ２＋］ｉ升高可能是ＰＭＺ抑制家兔ＥＧＴＡ性发热的中枢机制之一。     

缺氧时肺动脉内皮细胞与肺动脉平滑肌细胞相互作用对细胞内环核苷酸的影响

目的：观察了培养的小牛肺动脉内皮细胞（ＰＡＥＣ）和肺动脉平滑肌细胞（ＰＡＳＭ）于缺氧时对细胞内环核苷酸的影响。结果：ＰＡＥＣ和ＰＡＳＭ共培养２４ｈ，ＰＡＥＣ细胞内ｃＡＭＰ含量显著降低（Ｐ＜００１），而ＰＡＳＭ细胞内ｃＡＭＰ含量显著增加（Ｐ＜００１），二种细胞内ｃＧＭＰ含量均显著降低（Ｐ＜００１）。缺氧对二种细胞内ｃＡＭＰ含量无显著影响，但能增加ＰＡＳＭ的ｃＧＭＰ含量（Ｐ＜００１），降低ＰＡＥＣ的ｃＧＭＰ含量（Ｐ＜００１）。ＮＯ合酶抑制剂硝基精氨酸对二种细胞的ｃＡＭＰ含量均无显著影响，但能使常氧培养的ＰＡＥＣ和缺氧培养的ＰＡＳＭ细胞内的ｃＧＭＰ含量显著降低（Ｐ＜００１）。结论：ＰＡＥＣ和ＰＡＳＭ的相互作用可引起第二信使系统传递的变化；缺氧可抑制ＰＡＥＣ的ＮＯ合酶活性而诱导ＰＡＳＭ的ＮＯ合酶活性     

PWM诱导的胎儿胸腺细胞钙动员

本文用钙离子荧光探针Ｆｌｕｏ－３和ＰＥ－ＣＤ３双标记的方法，通过流式细胞计测定ＰＷＭ对ＣＤ３表达量不同的胎儿胸腺细胞内游离钙浓度的影响。结果表明，ＰＷＭ能迅速诱导胸腺细胞并且主要是ＣＤ３＋细胞钙动员，７０ｍｉｎ后胞内钙基本降至基线水平；Ｈ７、ＣＰＺ和ＥＧＴＡ均能抑制ＰＷＭ诱导的钙动员。     

MDR相关性单克隆抗体MGr－1逆转胃癌细胞耐药的体外研究

目的：研究胃癌细胞耐药相关性单克隆抗体ＭＧｒ－１对耐长春新碱胃癌细胞（ＳＧＣ７９０１／ＶＣＲ）多药耐药性（ＭＤＲ）的影响。方法：用ＭＴＴ法检测阿霉素的细胞毒性；用流式细胞仪检测阿霉素在细胞内的蓄积及潴留。结果：ＭＧｒ－１能明显逆转ＳＧＣ７９０１／ＶＣＲ细胞对阿霉素的耐药性（Ｐ＜０．０１），并可增加ＳＧＣ７９０１／ＶＣＲ细胞内阿霉素的蓄积（Ｐ＜０．０１）及潴留（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：ＭＧｒ－１具有通过增加细胞内药物蓄积及潴留逆转ＳＧＣ７９０１／ＶＣＲ细胞耐药性的功能。提示ＭＧｒ－１所对应的细胞膜抗原可能为一种新的有活性功能并与ＭＤＲ相关的分子。     

PACAP对vSMC表达增生细胞核抗原影响的定量分析

目的：从定量角度分析垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活肽（ＰＡＣＡＰ）对血管平滑肌细胞（ｖＳＭＣ）增殖的影响。方法：以培养的猪肺动脉ＳＭＣ为实验对象，免疫组织化学ＬＳＡＢ法检测ＳＭＣ中增生细胞核杭原（ＰＣＮＡ），Ｔｉｇｅｒ９２０Ｇ细胞图象分析仪上测量计算各组细胞中ＰＣＮＡ阳性细胞的百分率；并检测阳性细胞的平均光密度（ＡＯＤ）和积分光密度（ＩＯＤ），计算阳性水平指数（ＰＬＩ）。结果：ＰＡＣＡＰ组ＳＭＣ的ＰＣＮＡ阳性率显著低于对照组细胞（Ｐ＜０．０１）；ＡＯＤ、ＩＯＤ及ＰＬＩ值也显著低于对照组（Ｐ＜００１）。结论：ＰＡＣＡＰ能抑制培养的ｖＳＭＣ增殖，可能具有抗动脉粥样硬化作用     

淋巴细胞经TCR—CD3活化增殖作用的分析

本文探讨了抗ＣＤ３单抗诱导的淋巴细胞活化增殖及有关影响因素。实验结果表明：①淋巴细胞内钙升高是淋巴细胞活化增殖的重要条件，ＣＤ３ＭｃＡｂ引起的早期胞浆游离钙迅速升高主要由内质网释放钙离子所致，而淋巴细胞增殖不仅需要细胞内钙释放，还需要细胞外钙内流；②ＧＴＰ结合蛋白是淋巴细胞激活过程的一重要环节，经Ｇ蛋白作用物霍乱毒素作用后，淋巴细胞ＤＮＡ合成显著降低；③新霉素和ＰＳＳ可抑制ＰＬＣ和ＰＫＣ的活性，对     

淋巴细胞经TCR－CD3活化增殖作用的分析

本文探讨了抗ＣＤ３单抗诱导的淋巴细胞活化增殖及有关影响因素。实验结果表明：①淋巴细胞内钙升高是淋巴细胞活化增殖的重要条件，ＣＤ３ＭｃＡｂ引起的早期胞浆游离钙迅速升高主要由内质网释放钙离子所致，而淋巴细胞增殖不仅需要细胞内钙释放，还需要细胞外钙内流；②ＧＴＰ结合蛋白是淋巴细胞激活过程的一重要环节，经Ｇ蛋白作用物霍乱毒素作用后，淋巴细胞ＤＮＡ合成显著降低；③新霉素和ＰＳＳ可抑制ＰＬＣ和ＰｋＣ的活性，对淋巴细胞ＮＤＡ合成造成剂量依赖性抑制作用。此外，抗ＣＤ３ＭｃＡｂ诱导的淋巴细胞ＤＮＡ合成需要辅佐细胞的存在，高度纯化的Ｔ细胞对ＣＤ３ＭｃＡｂ的刺激不发生增殖反应。     

脂质过氧化在老化大鼠急性胆源性肝细胞线粒体损害中的作用及维生素E的影响

目的：探讨脂质过氧化在老化大鼠胆源性肝细胞线粒体受损中及维生素Ｅ（ＶＥ）的保护作用。结果：老化大鼠非ＶＥ处理组（ＮＶＥＧ）肝细胞线粒体丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量明显高于非老化组，超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＰＤ）活性明显低于非老化组，过氧化氢酶（ＣＡＴ）无明显变化。１８和２４月龄ＶＥ处理组（ＶＥＧ）ＭＤＡ显著低于ＮＶＥＧ，ＳＯＤ和ＧＰＤ显著高于ＮＶＥＧ，并以１８月龄组为明显。急性梗阻性左肝胆管炎（ＡＯＬＨ）后ＭＤＡ水平明显高于对照组，间接致伤肝叶（ＩＡＬ）较直接致伤肝叶（ＤＡＬ）为明显；ＩＡＬ线粒体ＳＯＤ和ＣＡＴ活性均显著高于对照组，ＤＡＬ显著降低；各叶ＧＰＤ活性均显著低于对照组，ＩＡＬ和ＤＡＬ均无显著差别；以上改变以２４月龄组为明显。各月龄ＶＥＧＡＯＬＨ２４ｈ时ＩＡＬＭＤＡ含量明显低于ＮＶＥＧ；１８月龄ＶＥＧＡＯＬＨ后ＳＯＤ水平均明显高于ＮＶＥＧ；各月龄ＶＥＧ组ＡＯＰＨ后ＧＰＤ和ＣＡＴ活性与ＮＶＥＧ比较均无明显差异。结论：脂质过氧化是老化大鼠胆源性肝细胞线粒体受损的重要机制，ＶＥ具有明显的保护作用。     

Level of functioning of siblings and parents of probands of varying degrees of retardation

A further analysis of already published data supports the position that retardates of low ability level less frequently have retarded siblings, retarded parents, and parents low in occupational level than do retardates higher in ability level. The analysis supports the position that there are two types of retarded individuals, persons retarded as a result of gene or chromosomal anomalies, brain injury, etc., who more frequently occur in the lower-level retardate group, and persons whose retardation represents polygenic segregation, who more frequently occur in the higher-level group.     

局部注射辛伐他汀对骨质疏松大鼠股骨髁骨小梁的改建效应

背景：局部注射具有成骨作用的辛伐他汀,可显著增加骨质疏松大鼠股骨颈及股骨髁部的骨密度及力学强度,分析局部注射辛伐他汀对股骨髁骨小梁的影响。 目的：进一步研究骨质疏松大鼠股骨内局部注射辛伐他汀对股骨髁骨小梁的影响。为将辛伐他汀应用于临床骨质疏松局部治疗提供实验基础。 方法：18只雌性SD大鼠双侧卵巢切除后3个月,制备大鼠骨质疏松模型。实验大鼠随机数字表法均分为3组,分别在实验大鼠的右侧股骨髓腔内单次注射辛伐他汀溶液5 mg、10 mg,对照组单纯注射空白载体。分别在注射后1个月处死大鼠并取材。Micro-CT扫描并定量分析骨组织形态变化。 结果与结论：给药后1个月,Micro-CT扫描结果显示,辛伐他汀治疗组的骨微结构参数如骨皮质厚度、骨小梁密度及连接率明显优于对照组。说明疏松骨骼单次注射小剂量辛伐他汀可显著促进股骨髁部骨小梁改建,改善骨骼微结构,可为强化局部、防治骨质疏松骨折的新选择进一步提供实验基础。     

石斛属民族药用植物的分类及生药学研究

中药石斛早在《神农本草经》中就被列为上品,其应用历史悠久,具有养阴生津、补肾益气、润喉护嗓、活血明目、抗癌防老等功效。本文对国内外石斛属民族药用植物的分类及生药学研究进行了综述。     

膝关节骨性关节炎的关节镜治疗体会

目的我科自2001～2005年4月对59例67膝的骨性关节炎（0A），进行关节镜检查及镜下清理术。方法镜检：膝关节骨性关节炎伴不同程度滑膜炎，滑膜皱壁粘连纤维片，关节软骨不同程度破坏。镜下清除增生滑膜，松解粘连，去除剥脱软骨、修复关节面。结果随访2月～4年，平均1.5年，术后综合评估2月～1年，优良率94％；1～2年，优良率79.2％；2年以上优良率54.8％。结论关节镜对膝关节骨性关节炎诊断能提供了比较全面的资料，并对骨性关节炎早期有良好疗效，具有创伤小、恢复快、并发症少和重复治疗等优点。     

Anatomical study of distribution of valves of the cutaneous veins of adult''s limbs

Since the cutaneous veins of the four limbs have been used as autogenous grafts in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders, knowledge of distribution of the valves is increasingly required depending upon the use. In the gross anatomical study of distribution of valves of the trunci venae, there has been argument about locational relationships between the venous roots and the valves in the vicinity of the roots and the inter-valvular distance. However, there have been only few reports discussing detailed information about valves of the cutaneous veins of the four limbs. The authors observed patterns of distribution of the cutaneous venous valves of the four limbs of cadavers prepared for practice in anatomy. The following parts were excised from each cadaver: the cephalic, basilic, and the great saphenous veins, which originate from the acral venous network and flow into the proximal deep veins, and the venous roots communicating with these veins. An incision was made on each excised vein in the direction of the long axis under observation with a stereoscopic microscope, and the inter-valvular distance and the distance between the valve and the orifice of venous root in the vicinity of the valve were measured. The inter-valvular distance varied with type of the truncus venae, and it varied according to area even in the same truncus venae.     

Pathways of the realization of immunomodulating effects of neurotransmitters

Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 115, N ^o 4, pp. 401–404, April, 1993     

Characterization of sterols of three digenetic trematodes of buffalo

Sterols of three digenetic trematodes were isolated and characterized by infrared and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies, and gas-liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Sterols identified were cholesterol, cholestanol, 24-methylcholesterol, 24-methylcholestanol, 24-ethyl-22-dehydrocholesterol, 24-ethyl-22-dehydrocholestanol, 24-ethylcholesterol and 24-ethylcholestanol.     

Mechanisms of generation of slow components of bioelectric activity in diagnostics of functional state of the gastrointestinal tract

New electrophysiologic devices were used for the diagnostics of the state of excitable structures in the gastrointestinal tract and correction of their motor functions. Bioelectrical and biomechanical activities form the basis of functioning of internal organs. The mechanisms of generation of slow bioelectrical activity that are important for clinical and physiological studies are described. One of these mechanisms is a capacitance parametric transducer converting the energy of contractions into specific electric signals reflecting muscle functions. Another mechanism results from slow oscillations of resting potentials of interrelated excitable cells in large neuromuscular structures of internal organs. The elaborated procedure is efficient for preventing early postoperative paresis of the gastrointestinal tract. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 128, No. 10, pp. 448–452, October, 1999     

胃小弯侧血管弓的MDCT解剖

目的：研究正常胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管的多排螺旋CT表现。方法：回顾性分析51例正常成人的上腹部CT资料,观察胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管的显示情况、血管弓形态及其与胃壁的关系。结果：51例均显示胃小弯侧血管弓,血管弓贲门部属支、胃体部属支和幽门部属支分别显示46例、15例和10例;血管弓与胃壁紧邻41例。结论：MDCT检查可良好显示正常胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管。     

Assessment of the efficacy of treatment of hemangiomas

Assessment of the aftereffects of cryoexposure and ultrahigh-frequency cryoexposure on hemangioma tissue of various types, cavernous and squamous, showed a higher cryogenic effect in hemangiomatous tissue preexposed to ultrahigh-frequency waves. A quantitative criterion is proposed for assessing the efficacy of the studied methods of exposure. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 6, pp. 669–672, June, 1995