共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 492 毫秒
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W F Doolittle J R Brown 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》1994,91(15):6721-6728
Early cellular evolution differed in both mode and tempo from the contemporary process. If modern lineages first began to diverge when the phenotype-genotype coupling was still poorly articulated, then we might be able to learn something about the evolution of that coupling through comparing the molecular biologies of living organisms. The issue is whether the last common ancestor of all life, the cenancestor, was a primitive entity, a progenote, with a more rudimentary genetic information-transfer system. Thinking on this issue is still unsettled. Much depends on the placement of the root of the universal tree and on whether or not lateral transfer renders such rooting meaningless. 相似文献
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Selenium, the thyroid, and the endocrine system 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
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Estrogen--the good, the bad, and the unexpected 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Simpson ER Misso M Hewitt KN Hill RA Boon WC Jones ME Kovacic A Zhou J Clyne CD 《Endocrine reviews》2005,26(3):322-330
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Reiber I Mezo I Mark L Paragh G 《Journal of the American College of Cardiology》2012,59(14):1333-4; author reply 1334
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Paul J. Hauptman 《Journal of cardiac failure》2017,23(10):717-718
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S K Lam 《Baillière's clinical gastroenterology》1988,2(3):641-654
Antacids have served us well for over a century. The attitude in the late 1950s to 1970s that antacids should be taken only on demand was unjustified and was based on what can be seen nowadays as misinterpretation of scientific data. Twelve recent endoscopic controlled studies have confirmed the efficacy of antacids in the healing of duodenal ulcer, achieving about 75% healing in 4 weeks. Like H2-receptor antagonists, the efficacy of antacids in the healing of gastric ulcers is controversial, most probably related to the even greater pathogenetic heterogeneity of this condition. Antacids should be given at least four times a day and at least 1 hour after meals, since their therapeutic success most likely depends on neutralization of postprandial acid secretion. In vivo, the newer tablet forms are indistinguishable from the liquid forms in terms of neutralizing efficiency and healing efficacy. The ideal dose is one that neutralizes 400 mmol of acid. Combination with an anticholinergic drug is effective and a recent report suggests that this may lead to longer remission than with H2-receptor antagonists. As a long-term therapy, antacids appear to work but need to be taken in multiple daily doses, a regimen which is unlikely to meet with long-term patient compliance. The success of antacids in duodenal ulcer healing should alert us to the importance of controlling the meal-stimulated acid secretion in ulcer therapy, and to the hard fact that acid is a non-permissive factor in ulcer healing. 相似文献
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Geoengineering: the good, the MAD, and the sensible 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Schellnhuber HJ 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2011,108(51):20277-20278
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