沙眼衣原体的PCR检测

沙眼衣原体(Chlamydia trachomatis,C.t)可引起眼部感染,还可引起尿道炎、宫颈炎、子宫内膜炎、输卵管炎、附睾炎、直肠炎等多种疾病。在欧美国家,C.t在泌尿生殖道感染中的严重性已超过淋球菌而成为性传播疾病的主要病原体。在国内,对C.t类疾病的许多情况尚不清楚,据部分地区调查的结果表明,在解脲脲原体(Ureaplasma urealyticum),人型支原体(Mycoplasma hominis),沙眼衣原体三种人类泌尿生殖道感染的常见病原体中C.t抗体的阳性率是最高的。广州地区性病沙眼衣原体的血清型分析结果与国外报道的基本相似。感染衣原体的孕妇,产下的婴儿中有50～70％将成为带菌者。目前,C.t的实验室诊断方法主要有:细胞培养法、直接免疫荧光法(DFA)、微量免疫荧光法(MIF)、酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)、DNA探针杂交法和PCR法等,其中以PCR法简便快速,具有高度的敏感性和特异件。     

聚合酶链反应检测沙眼衣原体的进展

聚合酶链反应检测沙眼衣原体的进展吕火祥，张素英，许立综述刘建栋审校近年研究表明，沙眼衣原体（Ｃｈｌａｍｙｄｉａｔｒａｃｈｏｍａｔｉｓ，Ｃ，ｔｒ）除了引起眼结膜炎外，在性传播性疾病的传染方面起到越来越重要的作用。在发达国家非淋病奈瑟氏菌性尿道炎和脓性宫...     

聚合酶链反应诊断沙眼衣原体感染

聚合酶链反应诊断沙眼衣原体感染王宁遂，朱静，邓兵，梁永霓作者采用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）扩增沙眼衣原体ＰＣＴＴ１质粒特异性ＤＮＡ片段，并用双链ＤＮＡ循环测序鉴定扩增产物，使病原检测的特异性明显提高，对衣原体的早期诊断有重要意义，现总结报道如下。材料和方...     

PCR与DIFA检测沙眼衣原体的比较研究

用所建立的沙眼衣原体质粒引物聚合酶链反应技术检测１１６例泌尿生殖道沙眼衣原体，并与直接免疫荧光法进行比较。结果ＰＣＲ阳性３８例，ＤＩＦＡ阳性的３２例中有３１例ＰＣＲ阳性。ＣＰＲ敏感性为９６．９％，特异性为９．１７％。ＰＣＲ阳性者于治疗结束１－２财后复诊２１例，其中４例ＰＣＲ仍然阳性。     

PCR 与 DIFA 检测沙眼衣原体的比较研究

用所建立的沙眼衣原体质粒引物聚合酶链反应技术（ＰＣＲ）检测１１６例泌尿生殖道沙眼衣原体，并与直接免疫荧光法（ＤＩＦＡ）进行比较。结果ＰＣＲ阳性３８例，ＤＩＦＡ阳性的３２例中有３１例ＰＣＲ阳性。ＰＣＲ敏感性为９６．９％，特异性为９１．７％。ＰＣＲ阳性者于治疗结束１～２周后复诊２１例，其中４例ＰＣＲ仍然阳性。结果显示，ＰＣＲ可快速、敏感、特异地检测泌尿生殖道沙眼衣原体ＤＮＡ，然而对治疗后短期内复诊患者，似乎不宜仅以ＰＣＲ阳性结果作为重复治疗的依据。     

热启动多聚酶链反应快速检测泌尿生殖道沙眼衣原体的应用…

应用热启动多聚酶链反应技术，对泌尿生殖道沙眼衣原体感染进行快速检测。共检测８０６例泌尿生殖道炎症病人，其中ＳＴＤ病人４０４例，阳性１０５例，阳性率２６．０％，普通病人４０２例，阳性１０例，阳性率２．５％，经统计学估计，福州市ＳＴＤ患者沙眼衣原体感染率范围为２１．７￣３０．３％。     

多聚酶链反应快速检测衣原体

应用沙眼衣原体内源性质粒引物和鹦鹉热衣原体１６ｓｒＲＮＡ基因引物，对沙眼衣原体眼部感染和尿道感染进行快速检测，４９份临床诊断为沙眼的标本经ＰＣＲ检测，阳性３１份，阴性１８份；２８份临床诊断为非淋菌性尿道炎的标本，经ＰＣＲ检测，阳性１１份；阴性１７份。以上结果分别与国际公认的免疫荧光试剂盒和酶联免疫试剂盒对同一标本的检测结果进行了比较，表明多聚酶链反应技术远较ＩＦＡ和ＥＬＩＳＡ灵敏，是快速检测沙眼衣     

毛细管聚合酶链反应快速诊断孕妇沙眼衣原体感染

毛细管聚合酶链反应快速诊断孕妇沙眼衣原体感染裘国强，杨懿霞，酆豫增沙眼衣原体（ＣＴ）感染的实验室诊断以往采用宫颈棉试子取材涂片，经姬姆萨染色查包涵体等方法，因敏感性差，已较少采用。近年来，国内外学者报道，采用直接荧光抗体法（ＤＦＡ）检测，酶免疫反应，...     

女性吸毒人员中生殖道沙眼衣原体感染情况调查

采用酶免疫试验和问卷方法对92名女性吸毒人员进行生殖道感染衣原体及相关行为调查,结果衣原体感染检出率为15．2％,行为调查发现发生首次性行为年龄越小和有其它性病史者衣原体感染率较高,表明在我省女性吸毒人群中已存在衣原体感染,对此应引起重视．     

冠心病患者血清肺炎衣原体特异性抗体的测定

为探讨肺炎衣原体感染与冠心病的关系 ,应用微量免疫荧光试验方法测定 45例急性心肌梗死 ,32例陈旧性心肌梗死患者和 10 1例健康对照组肺炎衣原体特异性lgG和lgM抗体。结果发现肺炎衣原体慢性感染率为 :急性心肌梗死 95 .6 % (4 3/ 45 ) ,陈旧性心肌梗死 81.3% (2 6 / 32 ) ,而对照组为 5 6 .4% (5 7/ 10 1)。LgG抗体滴度几何均数分别为 95 .6± 113 .5 ,5 1.7± 39.1和 35 .3± 33.7。急性心肌梗死和陈旧性心肌梗死患者血清肺炎衣原体慢性感染率及其抗体滴度几何均数均明显高于对照组。提示肺炎衣原体感染可能与冠心病有关。     

泌尿生殖道沙眼衣原体清热中药的药敏试验

目的为了检测体外清热中药抗泌尿生殖道沙眼衣原体的活性.方法我们应用微量McCoy细胞培养法,检测了金银花等14味清热中药的体外抗衣原体活性.结果金银花等14味清热中药均有不同程度的抗泌尿生殖道沙眼衣原体的活性,其MICs值从0.49至31.30mg/ml,以金银花、秦皮、紫花地丁的抗衣原体活性最强,并同时检测了黄连、胡黄连和黄芩的MBC.随着中药浓度的升高,包涵体体积和数量逐渐减小、减少,最后消失;未发现这14味清热中药对McCoy细胞的生长有明显影响和细胞毒性作用.结论金银花等14味清热中药在体外均有不同程度的抗泌尿生殖道沙眼衣原体的活性.     

解脲支原体沙眼衣原体感染与男性不育关系的探讨

目的探讨解脲支原体(Uu)、沙眼衣原体(Ct)与男性不育的相关性。方法采用荧光定量聚合酶链反应(FQ-PCR)对326例男性不育患者(不育组)、150例正常生育男性(生育组)的精液检测Uu、Ct。结果不育组Uu、Ct总检出率为49.69%,显著高于生育组的16.67%(χ2=46.98,P<0.01)。其中单纯Uu检出率为38.65%,单纯Ct检出率为15.95%,明显高于生育组的12.67%、4.00%(χ2=32.74,P<0.01;χ2=13.71,P<0.01)。不育组Uu、Ct两者同时感染16例,检出率为4.91%,不育组Uu检出率显著高于Ct(χ2=29.89,P<0.01)。结论Uu和Ct感染是引起男性不育的重要因素之一,对男性不育患者应常规检测Uu和Ct。     

慢性乙型肝炎拉米夫定治疗后的HBeAg早期血清转换

目的:分析拉米夫定与中成药五灵丸治疗慢性乙型肝炎的临床疗效。方法:对25例成人慢性乙型肝炎患者进行为期1年的拉米夫定的开放性临床治疗,头3个月加用五灵丸。治疗期间定期进行血清ALT、HBeAg、抗-HBe及HBV DNA检测,停药后随访半年。结果:治疗期间共有12例患者(48％)发生HBeAg转阴,并出现抗-HBe;在HBeAg血清转换后的2～4w,8例患者抗-HBe随后消失;在治疗的头3个月随着HBV DNA水平下降及消失(<420copies/ml),所有患者ALT水平逐渐降至正常。结论:治疗头3个月是应用拉米夫定治疗患者HBeAg发生血清转移的关键。这种早期转换的可能解释之一是慢性乙肝患者存在对拉米夫定特别敏感的亚型或种群。     

Hepatitis B Splice-Generated Protein Antibodies in Syrian Chronic Hepatitis B Patients: Incidence and Significance

Background:

Previous studies have suggested hepatitis B splice-generated protein (HBSP), when expressed, is involved in the pathogenesis of HBV infection.

Objectives:

We aimed to evaluate anti-HBSP incidence and association with several HBV infection parameters in a group of Syrian chronic hepatitis B patients.

Patients and Methods:

Eighty treatment-naïve HBsAg-positive adult chronic hepatitis B patients'' sera were included in our prospective targeted study. Liver function, virological and histological tests results were obtained from patients’ medical files. Three variants of a 20-mer HBSP-derived peptide were designed based on HBV genome sequences obtained from Syrian patients'' sera (GenBank Accession No. {"type":"entrez-nucleotide-range","attrs":{"text":"JN257148-JN257217","start_term":"JN257148","end_term":"JN257217","start_term_id":"364505024","end_term_id":"364505559"}}JN257148-JN257217). Microtiter plate wells were coated with the synthetic peptides and used to detect anti-HBSP antibodies by an optimized indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Samples were considered positive when showed optical density (OD) values higher than the cut-off value for at least one peptide variant.

Results:

Seven out of eighty (9%) CHB patients were positive for anti-HBSP antibodies. Mean OD values were not significantly different between HBeAg-positive and -negative patients (P > 0.05). OD values showed weak positive correlation with ALT and AST values (P < 0.05), and weak to moderate positive correlation with liver biopsy staging ranks (P < 0.05). No significant correlation was revealed with viral load values or liver biopsy grading ranks (P > 0.05).

Conclusions:

We introduced an anti-HBSP antibodies ELISA, designed for locally circulating HBV strains. Correlation observed of Anti-HBSP with liver fibrosis staging regardless of viral replication and liver inflammation suggests anti-HBSP antibodies as possible indicator for HBV-associated liver fibrosis.     

Hepatitis B Core Antigen Expression in Hepatocytes Reflects Viral Response to Entecavir in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients

Background/Aims

Hepatitis B core antigen is known to be a major target for virus-specific T cells and also reflects the progression of liver dissease and viral replication. Hepatitis B core antigen expression in hepatocytes leads to altered histological activity, viral replication, and immune response. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether the topographical distribution of hepatitis B core antigen expression can predict the viral response to entecavir in patients with chronic hepatitis B.

Methods

We enrolled 91 patients with treatment-naïve chronic hepatitis B. All the patients underwent liver biopsy, and the existence and pattern of hepatitis B core antigen evaluated by immunohistochemistry. All patients received 0.5 mg of entecavir daily following a liver biopsy. We checked the viral response at 3, 6, and 12 months during antiviral therapy.

Results

Of the 91 patients, 64 (70.3%) had hepatitis B core antigen expression. Of the subcellular patterns, the mixed type was dominant (n=48, 75%). The viral response was significantly higher in the hepatitis B core antigen-negative group than in the hepatitis B core antigen-positive group (88.9% and 54.7%, respectively; p=0.001) after 12 months of entecavir therapy.

Conclusions

Chronic hepatitis B patients who are hepatitis B core antigen-negative have a better response to entecavir therapy than do hepatitis B core antigen-positive patients.     

感染戊型肝炎10年后患者血清抗病毒抗体的检测

为了解感染戊型肝炎（戊肝）10年后患血清特异性抗体的存在情况，并比较四种主要戊肝诊断试剂对既往感染血清的检测能力，应用国内外四种戊肝诊断试剂，对1986－1988年新疆南疆地区戊肝大流行期间50例戊肝病毒感染10年后的血清标本进行抗－HEV测定。结果显示不同戊肝诊断试剂对于被测血清标本中戊肝抗体的检出率各不相同，使用原核表达的具有构象依赖性表位的一种新研制出的国产抗－HEV IgG诊断试剂盒的抗体检出率为86％，且阴、阳性分界明显；Genelabs公司IgG试剂的阳性率为36％，与应用美国陆军医学研究所戊肝抗体定量检测试剂检测结果相似，有16份标本被正确判断为既往感染（32％），有4份被误诊为急性感染，20例可疑，10例阴性；国内另1种试剂（科华）的阳性率为30％；使用具有构象依赖表位的抗原的试剂可以在戊肝感染10年后绝大多数患体内检出特异性抗体，而使用传统抗原的试剂的阳性率很低。     

Association of Chlamydia trachomatis antibodies with genital contact disease in women in Benin City, Nigeria

Summary The involvement of Chlamydia trachomatis in genital contact disease was assessed by measuring anti-chlamydial antibodies in the serum of 780 women aged 16–40 years using the indirect haemagglutination test. These were compared to a control population consisting of 250 consenting housewives visiting General Practice Clinic (GPC) for other medical reasons. Test results showed an overall prevalence of 47% for indirect haemagglutination (IHA) chlamydial antibodies in women with genital contact disease. The average IHA titre was 143.
The age group 21–25 years recorded the highest prevalence of 54%, with 55% giving a titre ≤64. The control population gave a prevalence of 12% with no sample recording a titre ≥64. These findings may indicate a need to routinely conduct investigations for chlamydial infection in all cases of genital contact disease in our environment.