经皮核芯针穿刺活检乳腺巨大肿块的临床应用

目的探讨经皮核芯针穿刺活检乳腺巨大肿块的临床应用价值。方法对31例直径均大于5cm的乳腺巨大肿块行X线摄片及经皮核芯针穿刺活检。结果X线片上除5例可见恶性钙化表现外,其余病例均缺乏特征性表现。穿刺活检病理结果为乳腺癌11例,化脓性炎症9例,慢性纤维囊性乳腺病7例,结核1例;纤维腺瘤3例。1例活检为慢性纤维囊性乳腺病,术后病理诊断为慢性纤维囊性乳腺病局部癌变,,其余30例术后或随访结果均与穿刺结果相同。活检敏感性率为100%,特异性为96.8%。术中出现迷走反应1例,血肿1例。结论经皮核芯针穿刺活检是一种创面微小、操作简单、安全可靠的诊断方法,可弥补常规检查及手术切检对乳腺巨大肿块诊断的不足。     

Three-dimensional ultrasound-guided core needle breast biopsy

A new core needle breast biopsy system guided by 3-D ultrasound (US) is proposed. Our device provides rapid imaging and real-time guidance, as well as breast stabilization and a needle guidance apparatus using 3-D imaging. The targeting accuracy of our device was tested by inserting a 14-gauge biopsy needle into agar phantoms under 3-D US guidance. A total of 18 0.8-mm stainless-steel beads embedded in the phantoms defined each of the four target positions tested. Positioning accuracy was calculated by comparing needle tip position to the preinsertion bead position, as measured by three observers three times each on 3-D US. The interobserver standard error of measurement was no more than 0.14 mm for the beads and 0.27 mm for the needle tips. A 3-D principal component analysis was performed to obtain the population distribution of needle tip position relative to the target beads for the four target positions. The 3-D 95% confidence intervals were found to have total widths ranging from 0.43 to 1.71 mm, depending on direction and bead position.     

超声引导下穿刺活检乳腺肿物的临床研究

目的探讨超声引导下粗针穿刺活检在乳腺肿物诊断中的价值,比较14G及16G活检针的优缺点。方法高频超声引导下14G或16G活检针经皮穿刺活检150例乳腺肿物,以术后病理诊断为标准,分析经皮粗针活检对乳腺肿物的诊断准确性。结果150例乳腺病灶穿刺活检准确率约87．3％。68例用14G针活检,取材成功率91．3％,并发症7．3％;72例用16G针活检,取材成功率91．7％,并发症8．3％。结论超声引导14G及16G针穿刺活检同样具有成功率高、安全、病理组织学诊断准确率高等优点,可为临床诊断和治疗提供重要依据。     

The current state of stereotactic core breast biopsy and mammotomy

Summary

The ‘standard’ stereotactic core biopsy technique represents a stable plateau in the evolution of percutaneous breast intervention. In the spring of 1993, a purpose-built stereotactic breast biopsy instrument, the Mammotomer` (Biopsysr` Medical, Inc., Irvine, CA) was developed. The stereotactic ‘mammotomy’ procedure allows the sampling probe to remain in the breast during the entire biopsy procedure, while tissue samples are automatically deposited into a ‘pathology cassette’ for tissue position coding and histologic processing. This technique improves accuracy and has replaced mammographic localization and open surgical biopsy at our institution. The classic breast diagnostic and therapeutic referral patterns involving the general surgeon, radiologist and patient are reviewed. Percutaneous breast cancer treatment methods are also discussed.     

高频超声引导下穿刺活检在小乳癌及乳腺癌前病变中的应用价值

目的 探讨高频超声引导下穿刺活检在小乳癌及乳腺癌前病变诊断和治疗中的临床价值.方法 对超声发现的92例乳腺小病灶,在高频超声引导下进行穿刺活检取得病理结果 ,并与手术后病理进行对照.结果 穿刺病理结果 为56例乳腺癌、7例乳腺癌前病变及29例乳腺良性病变,91例与手术后病理结果 相符,仅1例活检穿刺报告为腺病者手术后病理证实为导管内原位癌.超声引导下穿刺活检诊断乳腺癌和癌前病变的敏感性为100%,特异性为96.6%,准确性为98.9%.结论 高频超声引导下对乳腺小病灶进行穿刺活检是安全、可靠的术前早期诊断方法 .     

Stereotactic core breast biopsy versus needle localization breast biopsy - the effect of initial diagnostic modality on surgical therapy in patients with breast cancer

Summary. The aim was to assess the effect of the initial diagnostic modality on surgical planning in patients with mammographically detected malignancies. A retrospective chart review of 40 patients with mammographically detected breast cancer was undertaken. The diagnosis was established in 20 patients by needle localization breast biopsy and in 20 patients by stereotactic core breast biopsy. In patients whose diagnosis was established by stereotactic core breast biopsy, all were treated with only one operation per patient. In those patients whose diagnosis was established by needle localization breast biopsy, an average of 2.1 surgeries per patient were required to diagnose and treat this group. Patients with abnormal mammograms should have the diagnosis established by stereotactic biopsy. If the lesion was malignant, a planned one-stage definitive operation was successful in all of our patients. We feel that stereotactic core biopsy is the preferred method for establishing a diagnosis in patients with suspicious mammographic findings.     

Adjunctive self-hypnotic relaxation for outpatient medical procedures: a prospective randomized trial with women undergoing large core breast biopsy

Medical procedures in outpatient settings have limited options of managing pain and anxiety pharmacologically. We therefore assessed whether this can be achieved by adjunct self-hypnotic relaxation in a common and particularly anxiety provoking procedure. Two hundred and thirty-six women referred for large core needle breast biopsy to an urban tertiary university-affiliated medical center were prospectively randomized to receive standard care (n=76), structured empathic attention (n=82), or self-hypnotic relaxation (n=78) during their procedures. Patients' self-ratings at 1 min-intervals of pain and anxiety on 0-10 verbal analog scales with 0=no pain/anxiety at all, 10=worst pain/anxiety possible, were compared in an ordinal logistic regression model. Women's anxiety increased significantly in the standard group (logit slope=0.18, p<0.001), did not change in the empathy group (slope=-0.04, p=0.45), and decreased significantly in the hypnosis group (slope=-0.27, p<0.001). Pain increased significantly in all three groups (logit slopes: standard care=0.53, empathy=0.37, hypnosis=0.34; all p<0.001) though less steeply with hypnosis and empathy than standard care (p=0.024 and p=0.018, respectively). Room time and cost were not significantly different in an univariate ANOVA despite hypnosis and empathy requiring an additional professional: 46 min/161 dollars for standard care, 43 min/163 dollars for empathy, and 39 min/152 dollars for hypnosis. We conclude that, while both structured empathy and hypnosis decrease procedural pain and anxiety, hypnosis provides more powerful anxiety relief without undue cost and thus appears attractive for outpatient pain management.     

Mammotome微创旋切系统在隐匿性乳腺病灶诊断当中的应用

目的探讨超声引导下M ammotom e微创旋切术对隐匿性乳腺病灶诊断的意义。方法2003年11月~2004年10月对该院22例31处隐匿性乳腺病灶进行B超引导下M ammotom e微创旋切术。结果22例患者均在超声引导下行M ammotom e微创旋切术,操作无一例失败,术后均明确诊断,恢复良好。结论超声引导下M ammotom e微创旋切术有利于隐匿性乳腺病灶的诊断,手术创伤小、恢复快,对良性疾病兼具治疗作用。     

超声引导粗针活检在乳腺癌术前化疗中的应用

目的探讨超声引导下经皮粗针穿刺活检(CNB))在乳腺癌术前辅助化疗中的应用价值。方法超声引导下用14G活检针经皮穿刺活检124例患者的乳腺病灶,并作生物学因子免疫组化检测。结果124例经粗针活检病理诊断均为乳腺癌,穿刺准确率100%。116例术前粗针活检明确病理组织学分型,准确率为93.5%,均得到免疫组化检测结果。10例患者术后短期内出现局部瘀斑,观察期内未发现其他并发症。在粗针活检病理诊断指导下,124例患者均进行了术前化疗。结论超声引导下14G粗针活检具有安全、创伤小,病理组织学诊断准确率高等优点,可为乳腺癌术前辅助化疗提供重要依据。     

超声引导下穿刺活检对乳腺癌前病变的诊断价值

目的 探讨超声引导下穿刺活检诊断乳腺癌前病变的准确性及提示病变可能被低估的超声表现。方法 收集经超声引导下穿刺活检的乳腺肿物患者605例,记录肿物的超声表现,将穿刺病理结果与术后病理或随访结果进行对比。结果 除3例患者因组织过少未获得穿刺病理诊断外,602例患者的穿刺病理与术后病理或随访结果对比,符合率为97.84%（589/602）,两者间一致性较好（Kappa=0.96,P=0.01）。穿刺活检结果为癌前病变者与术后病理或随访结果对比符合组32例,低估组10例,低估率为23.81%（10/42）。符合组和低估组癌前病变的钙化、后方回声衰减、血流、可疑淋巴结在两组间差异有统计学意义（P均<0.05）。结论 超声引导下穿刺活检对诊断乳腺肿物的准确率较高,但对癌前病变存在一定低估,尤其对于超声表现有恶性特征的癌前病变应考虑低估的可能。     

Sonographic detection of hematomas and fluid after imaging guided core breast biopsy.

We investigated sonographic changes to the breast after imaging guided core breast biopsy. We studied 31 breast lesions in 29 patients before, immediately after, and 2 to 9 days after core biopsy looking for hematomas. We found sonographic changes to the breast consistent with fluid collections after core biopsy in seven of 31 breast lesions (23%). Of the biopsy sites with sonographic changes, evidence suggested that six of 31 (19%) likely had hematomas. Sonographic changes after core breast biopsy are common and the formation rate of suspected hematomas is greater than previously believed although generally not clinically significant.     

粗针穿刺活检乳腺非恶性增生病变的病理诊断

在影像指导下的粗针穿刺活检现已越来越多地取代外科手术切开活检 ,作为对乳腺病变的初始组织病理学检查的方法。此法快速、方便 ,比针吸活检 (FNA)更准确 ,比外科手术活检创伤要小、更经济。但是 ,因为采样限制 ,病理医师在对这类标本做诊断时应当慎重。目前的研究认为如果在切针刺活检标本中检及乳腺导管不典型增生或原位癌、小叶不典型增生或原位癌、乳头状病变、放射性瘢痕、富于细胞纤维上皮瘤和分叶状肿瘤、柱状上皮和黏液囊样病变时 ,应建议做手术切开活检 ,以减少浸润性癌的漏诊。此外 ,每周影像学、病理学讨论相关病例是质量保证的重要措施之一。对病理学—影像学诊断不相符合的病例也应建议做手术切除活检。     

超声引导下乳腺小病变的活检

目的评估实时超声引导下穿刺活检对乳腺小病变良恶性的鉴别诊断价值。方法21例乳腺小病变均经高频超声与彩色多普勒超声检查,并根据二维声像特征按Stasrov分类法将乳腺小病变分成恶性组(5例)、性质未定组(13例)及良性组(3例)。所有病例均在实时超声引导下行乳腺活检取得病理诊断。结果高频彩超诊断为恶性可能组的5例中,3例活检病理证实为恶性肿瘤,2例活检病理为良性,误诊率为40%;高频彩超诊断为性质未定组13例中除1例活检病理证实为恶性外,其余12例活检病理均为良性。高频彩超诊断为良性组3例,活检病理均为良性。21例中有7例乳腺病变作手术切除,术后病理与穿刺病理相一致。结论实时超声引导下行乳腺小病变穿刺活检,可以进一步提高早期乳腺癌的确诊率,是一种理想的术前诊断方法之一。     

影响乳腺癌穿刺活检与术后病理分子分型差异的自动乳腺全容积成像特征

目的探讨影响乳腺癌粗针穿刺活检与术后病理分子分型差异的自动乳腺全容积成像（ABVS）特征。 方法回顾性分析2014年11月至2020年10月东部战区总医院收治的63例乳腺癌患者,共63个病灶。所有患者行改良根治术前均行粗针穿刺活检及ABVS检查。比较术前粗针穿刺活检与术后标本分子分型存在差异组（有差异组）与二者病理结果一致组（无差异组）ABVS特征的差异,并采用Logistic回归分析手术前后分子分型差异的独立影响因素。 结果手术病理结果显示,Luminal A型15个（23.8%）,Luminal B型39个（61.9%）,HER-2过表达型6个（9.5%）,三阴型3个（4.8%）。其中14个病灶的粗针穿刺活检与术后分子分型之间存在差异。有差异组（n=14）与无差异组（n=49）的肿块最大径、边界、形态、边缘及汇聚征比较,差异具有统计学意义（P均＜0.05）。Logistic回归分析结果表明,伴有汇聚征（OR=0.113,95%CI：0.015~0.865）、形态不规则（OR=0.117,95%CI：0.015~0.912）、边界模糊（OR=0.171,95%CI：0.029~0.992）以及边缘有毛刺（OR=12.576,95%CI：1.783~88.717）是粗针穿刺活检与术后分子分型差异的独立影响因素（P均＜0.05）。 结论ABVS在一定程度能够指导粗针穿刺活检,减少穿刺活检病理与术后病理分子分型的差异,提高穿刺诊断准确性,为临床医师提供可靠的诊断依据和参考信息。