菲律宾期待从中国进口便宜药物

2004年早些时候，菲律宾贸工部(DTI)决定放弃从印度平行进口选择品牌基本药物的项目，目前正在中国寻找便宜药物的新来源。     

期待中国仿制药标准的出台

看了《中国处方药》杂志78期“FDA华人系列”介绍的“仿制药在美国”，内容非常精彩，全面讲述了仿制药在美国的历史演变和美国FDA仿制药法规和审批程序的具体内容。让我印象最深刻的是美国FDA对仿制药的准入门槛，据“FDA华人系列”介绍，为了得到FDA的批准，仿制药研发厂家必须提供相关数据，证明该仿制药在药学上与参照药品等同；此外，仿制药研发厂家还必须提供数据，证明仿制药同参照药品之间的生物等效性。     

医学发展对感染管理人员素质的期待

医院感染控制是医疗质量管理的重要核心之一。医院感染不仅增加病人的痛苦,增加国家卫生经费的开支和病人的经济负担,也是制约许多现代先进技术运用和发展的瓶颈。它的性质随着医院向现代化的发展而变化。因此作为医院感染控制科中的人员责任重大。本文试从适应现代医学发展的视角,刍议其人员素质的培养、职业意志的锻炼和职业理想的树立。 1 感染管理人员要提高素质,拓宽知识结构 随着现代医学的发展,医学模式已由单一的生物     

胎膜早破期待疗法的护理

胎膜早破(PROM)是围生期常见的并发症,可危及母儿安全,主要为早产、感染、胎儿窘迫、脐带脱垂及胎儿发育不良,造成围生儿发病率、病死率增高。目前,国内学者认为孕周>35周胎肺基本成熟,具有生存能力,应尽早终止妊娠,以减少并发症;孕周<35周者,由于孕龄小、体重低,各脏器发育不良,病死率甚高,采取期待疗法可延长孕龄,提高成活率。我院于1997～2001年,对部分病例选择期待疗法取得一定效果。1期待疗法十大具体措施1.1一般处理:孕妇要采取臀高或侧卧位绝对卧床休息,进清淡易消化食物,避免受冷,保持大便通畅,避免咳嗽、喷嚏等以免增加宫腔内压…     

对前置胎盘孕妇实施期待治疗的临床研究

目的观察对前置胎盘孕妇实施期待治疗的临床疗效。方法对2006年1月至2010年1月珠海市人民医院收治前置胎盘患者50例孕妇实施期待法:卧床休息;保持精神安静,适当给予镇静剂;静脉输液补充复方氨基酸、葡萄糖及维生素C等;必要时输血;静脉滴注硫酸镁或口腹硫酸沙丁胺醇;肌内注射地塞米松促胎肺成熟;预防应用抗生素。结果终止妊娠时孕32+6～36+2周,平均(34.78±0.69)周,平均延长(1.59±0.23)周;产后出血平均180～460mL,平均(280.56±29.89)mL,产褥感染2例;新生儿1、5minApgar评分平均(8.12±0.45)、(9.06±0.51)分;新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征3例、死亡2例。结论对前置胎盘孕妇实施期待治疗可以孕周延长、减少产后出血少及产褥感染、新生儿Apgar正常、RDS及死亡低,具有可行性,但在实施中应该注意与患者进行充分沟通、准确判断对胎儿成熟度、选择合适的分娩方式。     

对前置胎盘孕妇实施期待治疗的临床研究

目的探讨前置胎盘患者实施期待治疗的临床效果。方法前置胎盘患者64例实施期待法:卧床休息、左侧卧位;间歇吸氧;保持精神安静;静脉滴注25%硫酸镁或口服舒喘灵;肌内注射地塞米松;预防应用抗生素;必要时输血。结果 64例终止妊娠时平均延长(1.52±0.31)周;产时产后出血量≥500mL者15例,无发生晚期产后出血。围生儿中体质量<2500g者26例,>2500g者38例,Apgar评分≥7分者54例,围生儿死亡4例,病死率6.25%。结论前置胎盘经过期待治疗可以改善妊娠结局,具有可行性。     

前置胎盘期待疗法的临床观察

目的 探讨期待疗法治疗前置胎盘的可行性.方法 选择分娩的前置胎盘[经B超检查和（或）剖宫产术中证实]患者90例,将其中62例中入院时前置胎盘阴道大出血、自发子宫收缩强烈、孕足月及孕妇及家属要求而行刮宫产终止妊娠共30例作为对照组;其余60例作为观察组（均知情同意）进行期待疗法,选择合适时机终止妊娠.比较两组患者在分娩孕周、产前产后出血量、产褥感染、围生儿体质量、Apgar评分、病死率、呼吸窘迫综合征等方面上的差异.结果 观察组与对照组产前出血差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;但观察组较对照组产后出血少、孕周延长、产褥感染少、新生儿体质量增加、Apgar评分改善、RDS下降（P＜0.05）.结论 在严密监测下通过期待疗法治疗前置胎盘能在确保母婴安全的前提下延长孕周,增加新生儿体质量,降低围生儿病死率.     

前置胎盘期待疗法的护理

目的探讨前置胎盘期待疗法的护理经验。方法对24例前置胎盘孕妇采取心理护理、病情观察、药物治疗、饮食护理、健康指导等措施有效地延长孕周,提高围产儿成活率。结果 24例前置胎盘经过期待治疗,终止妊娠时平均孕36.3周,平均延长1.6周,无产褥感染;新生儿体重平均2797g,均成活。结论对前置胎盘孕妇在确保孕妇安全的前提下,通过期待疗法使胎儿达到或接近足月,从而减少早产,提高胎儿成活率。     

前置胎盘期待疗法的护理

目的前置胎盘采用期待疗法，使胎儿达到或接近足月，降低死亡率。方法38例前置胎盘孕妇通过抑制宫缩、营养支持、健康教育、期待疗法提高胎儿存活率。结果38例前置胎盘孕妇应用期待疗法，有效延长妊娠期，通过剖宫产或经阴道分娩，孕产妇平安，围产儿存活率高。结论延长孕龄，降低围产儿死亡率。     

早发型重度子痫前期的期待治疗

目的：探讨早发型重度子痫前期期待治疗的可行性及对母婴结局的影响。方法：对59例早发型重度子痫前期患者进行回顾性分析,按孕周分3组：A组〈28周10例;B组28～31＋6周26例,C组32～34周23例。对各组均行期待治疗。结果：3组孕妇发病孕周、分娩孕周、期待治疗时间差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;B组期待治疗时间均明显长于其他两组（P〈0.05）;3组新生儿窒息率和围生儿病死率比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：早发型重度子痫前期严重影响母婴预后,在保证母亲安全下采取积极期待治疗,适当延长孕周,能明显改善围生儿结局。     

An interview with James Wilbur, Ph.D. General Manager, Life Sciences, Meso Scale Discovery

James L. Wilbur, Ph.D. received a Bachelor's degree from the University of California, San Diego and a Ph.D. in Chemistry from Stanford University. After completing an NIH Postdoctoral Fellowship with Professor George M. Whitesides in the Department of Chemistry at Harvard University, he joined IGEN International, Inc., where he held a variety of positions in Research and Development. During that time, he was part of the team that developed the core technology and products for Meso Scale Discovery. He assumed his current position in 2001 when Meso Scale Discovery launched the products discussed here.     

我国制药企业产品经理的岗位胜任力模型构建

目的：构建我国制药企业产品经理的岗位胜任力模型。方法：通过文献分析法、工作日志法、结合问卷初步获得产品经理的岗位胜任力要素,在此基础上用问卷调查法对一般组和绩优组的产品经理进行调查,对结果使用SPSS 18.0进行分析。结果与结论：构建了由技能/能力、知识、职业素养三个维度,8项胜任力要素组成的我国制药企业产品经理的岗位胜任力模型。     

Managing Conflict: A Guide for the Pharmacy Manager

Managing conflict among a variety of people and groups is a necessary part of creating a high performance pharmacy department. As new pharmacy managers enter the workforce, much of their success depends on how they manage conflict. The goal of this article is to provide a guide for the pharmacy director on conflict in the workplace. By evaluating each type of conflict, we can learn how to respond when it occurs. Resolving conflict requires a unique and individualized approach, and the strategy used may often be based on the situational context and the personality of the employee or manager. The more that pharmacy leaders can engage in conflict resolution with employees and external leaders, the more proactive they can be in achieving positive results. If pharmacy directors understand the source of conflicts and use management strategies to resolve them, they will ensure that conflicts result in a more effective patient-centered pharmacy service.Managing conflict among a variety of people and groups is a necessary part of creating a high performance pharmacy department. Conflict is very common and is expected in the workplace; effectively recognizing and managing conflict creates new opportunities for team members to understand each other, which facilitates personal and professional development.¹ Conflict may trigger a “flight or fight” physiologic response; the persons involved in conflict must be able to handle these emotional responses to prevent a negative situation. Effectively managing these emotions in the pharmacy workplace is especially important to prevent failed communication; if avoided or managed inappropriately, conflict can be detrimental to interprofessional collaboration and patient care.²As new pharmacy managers enter the workforce, much of their success depends on how they manage conflict. Conflict is an inevitable result of human interaction.³ Successfully managing conflict, while focusing on desired outcomes, will ultimately result in improved teamwork, enhanced staff engagement, and positive patient outcomes. By establishing this culture of conflict resolution, pharmacy leaders can encourage communication and discussion throughout the department and ensure that patients are receiving optimal care.⁴ The goal of this article is to provide a guide for the pharmacy director on conflict in the workplace. It reviews the types of conflict that occur in the pharmacy department and ways to implement appropriate conflict management strategies to achieve a positive outcome.     

临床药师对骨科Ⅰ类切口预防用抗菌药的干预效果

目的：分析药学干预对骨科内固定取出术预防用抗菌药的效果。方法：选取我院骨科2011年1～4月（干预前组）和2011年8～10月（干预后组）出院的内固定取出术病例,进行汇总、分析,评价抗菌药应用的合理性。结果：通过干预,抗茵药使用率从干预前的100%下降为36.08%;用药时机及用药疗程有了较大改善,抗菌药的不合理换用情况明显减少,患者的平均住院天数减少。结论：临床药师通过实施用药干预对促进医院安全、有效、经济地使用抗菌药起到了积极作用。