Ostéomyélite chronique multifocale récurrente. À propos d'un cas de la mandibuleChronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis of the mandible. A case report

Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) is a disorder rarely localized to the lower jaw.Case report. – A fourteen-year-old boy complained of a swollen of his lower jaw. After a CT Scan, a bone biopsy was performed and yielded S. oralis against which an adapted intravenous antibiotherapy was administered without efficacy. The absence of malignant process and the revelation of an other focus of fixation at the Tc bone scan localized on humerus called to mind the diagnosis of CRMO.Conclusion. – The diagnosis of this disease is difficult and based on a number of concording arguments:clinical and radiological signs of osteomyelitis, multifocal presentation, recurrent relapses and remissions, inaction of antibiotics, elimination of the other differential diagnosis, in particular the infectious osteitis.     

Ostéomyélites aiguës de l’enfant drépanocytaire en zone tropicale : intérêt de l’utilisation des fluoroquinolones par voie oraleAcute osteomyelitis in children with sickle cell disease in a tropical country : benefit of the use of oral fluoroquinolones.

Aim. – This study was designed to assess the efficacy and the safety of fluoroquinolones in their compassionate use for acute osteomyelitis in children with sickle cell disease in a tropical country.Patients and methods. – This study was non comparative, including twelve children (eight SS, three SC and one SE°thalassemia) treated for acute osteomyelitis with oral ciprofloxacin or ofloxacin because of the following reasons : financial inability to afford conventional parenteral beta-lactams therapy (nine patients), refusal of hospitalization (two patients), and failure of conventional treatment (one patient).Results. – The mean age of patients was 9,5 ± 2,6 years. The long bones were the predominantly site. Salmonella species were present in 75 % of cases, followed by other enterobacteriaceae (16,7 %), and Staphylococcus aureus (8,3 %). Successful outcome occurred in all cases after three to four weeks of treatment and 45 days of plaster immobilization. Transient bilateral Achilles tendon tendinitis was noted in a five-year-old patient.Conclusion. – In economically developing countries, oral fluoroquinolones may be a therapeutic alternative for acute osteomyelitis in patients with sickle cell disease particularly in cases of financial hardship or failure with conventional therapy.     

Mécanismes moléculaires du syndrome néphrotique idiopathiqueMolecular basis of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.

Steroid-sensitive idiopathic nephrotic syndrome is a T-cell disorder associated with a functional renal impairment. The molecular mechanisms leading from the stimulation of the immune system to the clinical expression of the renal disease can be analyzed according to five biological events: 1) a Th2 activation of T-cells by interleukin-13; 2) a yet unidentified glomerular permeability factor from immune origin; 3) a molecular disorientation of slit diaphragms or glomerular basement membrane responsible for proteinuria; 4) a podocyte cytoskeleton rearrangement responsible for foot process effacement; and 5) renal avidity for sodium and edema formation resulting from a primary stimulation of tubular Na,K-ATPase and an increase of endothelial permeability.