Medial Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty After Failed Open-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy

BackgroundControversy exists whether or not a previous high tibial osteotomy (HTO) influences the outcome and survival of a unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA). The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate clinical, radiological, and functional outcomes of UKA after failed open-wedge HTO compared with UKA with no previous HTO.MethodsBetween 2001 and 2017, 24 post-HTO UKAs (group A) with an average follow-up of 8.1 years (range: 5 to 13) were compared with a control group of 30 patients undergoing simple UKA (group B) with an average follow-up of 9.5 years (range: 2 to 16). All patients were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively using Knee Society Score, University of California at Los Angeles Activity Score, Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index, and through objective evaluation. Mechanical coronal alignment and Caton-Deschamps index were measured both preoperatively and postoperatively.ResultsIn both groups, Knee Society Score, University of California at Los Angeles Activity Score, and Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index scores significantly improved at follow-up (P < .001). In addition, statistically significant greater improvements in clinical and functional scores were reported in group B compared with group A (P < .001). No statistically significant differences concerning postoperative mechanical axis were observed between groups (2.7° and 3.2°, respectively, P = .27) and with regard to Caton-Deschamps index (1.0° and 1.1°, respectively, P = .44).ConclusionThis study demonstrated improvements in clinical and functional outcomes compared with preoperatory status in both groups irrespective of a previous HTO. A prior HTO was a determinant for having reduced postoperative clinical and functional outcomes after UKA.     

Long-Term Results of High Tibial Osteotomy for Medial Osteoarthritis of the Knee

We reviewed retrospectively the results in patients who had undergone one hundred and four high tibial lateral osteotomies. The operations were all performed between 1985 and l993. Each one of fifty men and forty nine women demonstrated a varus deformity of the knee with a coexistent medial osteoarthritis. Results were reviewed in 49 patients (62 knees) with an average follow-up of 10.2 years (range 6-14 years).

Of the remaining 42 patients, 8 were lost to follow-up, l0 had died, and 24 were subsequently treated with total knee arthroplasty at an average 4.7 years after having had a high tibial osteotomy.

Clinical results were evaluated using the Hospital for Special Surgery Score (HSS) and the Knee Society Score. Radiographs were systematically analysed to evaluate osteoarthritis and leg axis.

Forty four (90 per cent) of the forty nine patients stated the results met their expectations and given the same circumstances, they would have the operation once again. In these patients the knee score results were excellent. The same patients had excellent HSS and Knee Society Scores. Five patients (10 per cent) had a poor result and twenty four patients were treated later by total knee arthroplasty because of pain. The following factors set these patients apart from those with more favorable results: previous arthroscopic debridement, obesity, lateral knee osteoarthritis, insufficient valgus correction, and an age of more than 55 years.

High tibial valgus osteotomy provides good pain relief and improved function in carefully selected patients. Our results support this conclusion.     

Medial Meniscus Posterior Root Tear Does Not Affect the Outcome of Medial Open-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy

BackgroundThis study aimed to verify whether the presence of medial meniscus posterior root tear (MMPRT) affects the clinical and radiographic outcomes of medial open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO) compared to the patients without MMPRT for over a midterm follow-up.MethodsOne hundred fifty-six knees were retrospectively enrolled that underwent MOWHTO and second-look arthroscopy concomitantly with a minimum 5 years of follow-up. Seventy-four knees with MMPRT (MMPRT group) were identified. Eighty-two knees with intact MMPR were assigned to another group (MMPRI group). All knees with torn medial meniscus with or without MMPRT had an arthroscopic partial meniscectomy during the MOWHTO. Clinical evaluation included range of motion, American Knee Society scores, and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index scores. Radiologically, the Kellgren-Lawrence grade was assessed preoperatively and at the latest follow-up. Cartilage status was also compared through the 2-stage arthroscopy according to the International Cartilage Repair Society grading.ResultsAverage age at operation was 55.8 years (range 42-67), and the average follow-up period was 82.2 months (range 60-148). There were no significant differences in clinical outcomes between the groups. Postoperative changes in Kellgren-Lawrence grade and arthroscopic cartilage status showed no significant differences between the groups. Resected MMPR was remodeled in 41.9% (31/74) of the MMPRT group through the second-look arthroscopy.ConclusionMMPRT does not affect the clinical and radiologic outcomes of MOWHTO compared to those patients without MMPRT over a mid-term follow-up.     

Comparison of Long-Term Survival Analysis Between Open-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy and Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty

BackgroundTo compare unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO) in a long-term follow-up propensity score matching analysis.MethodsPatients who underwent UKA or OWHTO for unilateral medial unicompartmental osteoarthritis (OA) between 2004 and 2010 were included. The ROM, HSS score, KS score, WOMAC score, forgotten joint score, OA progression in patellofemoral and lateral compartments, and survivorship were compared within ten years of follow-up between 67 UKA and 67 OWHTO patients after propensity score matching for age, gender, body mass index, range of motion, and osteoarthritis (OA) grade.ResultsAt the last follow-up, there were no significant differences between the two groups in clinical outcomes, but the WOMAC score showed better results after UKA (13.1 in UKA vs 18.9 in OWHTO, P = .011). The OA progression also showed no significant difference between the two groups. After a 10-year follow-up, the survival rate was higher in UKA patients (96.2%) than in OWHTO patients (87.7%), with no statistical difference (P = .06).ConclusionUKA showed better clinical outcomes and OA progressions than OWHTO. The survival rate presented a superiority of 8.5% for the UKA group in the 10-year follow-up, without significant difference.     

Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty vs High Tibial Osteotomy for Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background

Prior studies have compared unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) with high tibial osteotomy (HTO) suggesting that both procedures had good clinical outcomes. However, which treatment is more beneficial for unicompartmental knee osteoarthritis is still a controversy. The purpose of our study is to obtain postoperative outcomes of revision rate, complications, function results, range of motion (ROM), and pain between the 2 procedures.

胫骨高位截骨术治疗膝骨关节炎并膝内翻体会

目的探讨胫骨高位截骨术治疗膝关节骨关节炎并内翻畸形的疗效。方法 2007年8月至2010年8月采用胫骨高位截骨术对35例50膝的膝关节骨关节炎并膝内翻患者进行治疗。手术前后拍摄患侧下肢负重位全长X线片,测量内翻角、FTA角、内外侧关节间隙距离及关节活动度,同时对患者进行HSS评分对比。结果对34例患者平均随访23.7个月。术后X线片示膝关节内侧间隙明显增宽,膝关节内翻畸形基本纠正,膝关节疼痛症状明显缓解,优良率为91.2%。结论胫骨高位截骨术对膝关节骨关节炎并膝内翻畸形患者有明显的疗效,早、中期效果较好。 更多还原     

改良内侧开放式胫骨高位截骨术治疗膝内侧间室骨性关节炎

目的探索新型改良内侧开放式胫骨高位截骨术(High tibial osteotomy,HTO)治疗膝内侧间室骨性关节炎的有效性和安全性。方法选择2017年7月到2018年7月在我院接受改良内侧开放式HTO的60位膝内侧间室骨性关节炎患者作为研究对象。记录每位患者的手术时间、出血量及手术并发症,并分别于术前和术后3、6个月对患者进行疼痛视觉评分(VAS)和美国膝关节协会评分(KSS评分);比较患者手术前后的胫股角、平台后倾角的影像学治疗。结果术后3、6个月的VAS评分和KSS评分均优于术前(P<0.001),且术后随着时间推移评分存在逐渐好转趋势。患者术后胫股角较术前胫股角减小(P<0.005),术后胫骨后倾角与术前无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论改良内侧开放式HTO治疗膝内侧间室骨性关节炎可显著缓解疼痛症状,重建膝关节功能。     

胫骨高位截骨治疗膝内侧间室严重骨性关节炎

目的：应用胫骨高位截骨术治疗膝内侧间室严重性关节炎并膝内翻畸形以缓解或消除关节疼痛,矫正畸形,恢复关节正常的生物力线排列。方法：自1992年5月－1998年2月应用胫骨高位截骨共施行手术18例（21膝）,要求术前按适应证严格筛选病人,计算截骨角度。结果：本组病人平均随访3．2年,按Coventry疗效评定,优10例,良7例,可3例,差1例。结论：此手术可恢复内侧间室关节间隙下肢正常生物力线,有利于退变软骨的恢复,疗效满意。     

胫骨高位弧形截骨术治疗伴内翻畸形的膝骨关节炎

从1988年12月至1992年12月采用胫骨高位弧形截骨术治疗伴有内翻畸形的膝骨关节炎18例20膝,经1～4年（平均2.5年）的随访,优良率为85％。本文对胫骨高位截骨术的作用原理、手术方法的改进及提高其疗效应具备的条件和措施作了讨论。     

Complications Associated With Medial Opening-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy Using a Locking Plate: A Multicenter Study

Background

The aim of this study is to investigate complications following medial opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy using a locking plate. In addition, we aimed to compare postoperative outcomes between the complicated and the uncomplicated group.

Intraoperative Fluoroscopic Assessment of Limb Alignment is a Reliable Predictor for Postoperative Limb Alignment in Biplanar Medial Opening-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy

Background

The purpose of this study was to assess the reliability of pre-, intra operative, and postoperative limb alignment measurements and investigate the correlation between the measurements in biplanar medial opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy.

胫骨高位截骨治疗膝关节骨关节炎并膝内翻

目的探讨胫骨高位截骨Giebel钢板内固定治疗膝关节骨关节炎并膝内翻的临床效果。方法从2008年8月至2012年2月,我科实施胫骨高位截骨Giebel钢板内固定手术治疗膝关节骨关节炎并膝内翻患者38例47膝。所有患者均以内侧间室疼痛为主。其中男13例15膝,女25例32膝;年龄36~58岁,平均48.5岁;应用HSS膝关节评分系统进行分析。结果 38例均获随访,随访18~24个月,平均20.2个月。术后未出现伤口感染、钢板螺钉断裂、膝内翻复发、骨不愈合等并发症。截骨处在术后12~14周均达到骨性愈合,疼痛症状均明显缓解或消失,摄片检查力线维持在术后水平。膝胫骨角术前平均为（102.1±4.3）°,术后平均为（91.5±4.1）°,所得资料采用配对t检验进行统计学分析,P〈0.01,具有明显的统计学差异。采用HSS膝关节评分标准进行疗效评价,优24膝,良16膝,中5膝,差2膝,优良率85.1%。结论胫骨高位截骨Giebel钢板内固定术式简单,组织创伤小,手术时间短,并发症少,患者下床活动早,功能恢复快,效果满意,是一种治疗膝内翻并膝关节骨性关节炎的良好方法。     

Associations Between Periosteal Reaction of Proximal Tibial and Medial Compartment Knee Osteoarthritis

ObjectiveTo evaluate and analyze the potential relationship between periosteal reaction and medial compartment knee osteoarthritis (KOA), and to assess the independent risk factors for the development of periosteal reaction associated with medial compartment KOA.MethodsThis is a retrospective comparative study. From January 2019 to December 2019 at the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, a total of 363 patients (726 knees) with medial compartment KOA were enrolled in this study according to our inclusion and exclusion criteria, including 91 males and 272 females, with an mean age of 57.9 ± 12.8 years (range, 18–82 years). Among these patients, 206 patients (412 knees) were allocated to the periosteal reaction group (44 males and 162 females) and 157 patients (314 knees) were allocated to the non‐periosteal reaction group (47 males and 110 females). The classification of KOA severity was based on Kellgren and Lawrence (K‐L) grading system. The malalignment of the lower extremities in coronal plane was evaluated as medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA), hip‐knee‐ankle angle (HKA), and lateral distal femoral angle (LDFA). Patients demographics and radiographic parameters were recorded in the two groups. Intra‐observer and inter‐observer reliabilities of all radiological measurements were analyzed by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Univariate analyses were conducted for comparison of differences with continuous variables between patients with periosteal reaction and without periosteal reaction. Multivariate logistical regression analysis was performed to determine the independent risk factors of radiographic parameters for periosteal reaction.ResultsThe overall incidence of periosteal reaction associated with medial compartment KOA was 56.7%. Furthermore, we observed that the incidence of periosteal reaction significantly increased with age and correlated with K‐L grade progression (P < 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups. In the multivariate logistical regression analysis, HKA and JLCA were identified as independent risk factors of the development of periosteal reaction in patients with medial compartment KOA (odds ratio [OR], 0.594; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.544–0.648; P < 0.05; OR, 0.851; 95% confidence interval CI 0.737–0.983; P < 0.05; respectively), with other radiographic parameters including MTPA (OR 0.959; 95% CI 0.511–0.648; P > 0.05), LDFA (OR 0.990; 95% CI 0.899–1.089; P > 0.05), and JSW (OR 1.005; 95% CI 0.865–1.167; P > 0.05).ConclusionsIn this retrospective study, patients with lower HKA and higher JLCA were identified as independent risk factors for the development of periosteal reaction, which occurred most commonly adjacent to the lateral of proximal tibia diaphysis, and thus we concluded that periosteal reaction may be an anatomical adaptation for medial compartment KOA based upon these results.     

High Tibial Osteotomy for Rheumatoid Arthritis of the Knee: A One to Six Year Follow-Up Study

Although high tibial osteotomy for osteoarthrosis of the knee joint is well recognized, its place in the management of rheumatoid arthritis of the knee is much less well established. Thirty-six rheumatoid knees were reviewed 1 to 6 years following tibial osteotomy. The results were 42 per cent good, 19 per cent satisfactory and 39 per cent poor. No patient remained free of pain for more than 3 years, and recurrence of pain was not always associated with recurrence of deformity. Varus knees did considerably better than valgus knees despite some technical errors. Maintenance of a normal femoro-tibial angle range of 164° to 177° at follow-up was important but not as vital as in osteoarthrosis of the knee. The beneficial effect of tibial osteotomy in rheumatoid arthritis of the knee seldom lasted more than 3 years after which time an increasing number of bad results were seen. It was concluded that high tibial osteotomy was a satisfactory procedure for rheumatoid arthritis of the knee but its efficacy was not comparable to that seen in osteoarthrosis nor was its effect long-lasting.     

Biplanar Open Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy in the Medial Compartment Osteoarthritis of the Knee Joint: Comparison between the Aescula and TomoFix Plate

Background

The purpose of this study was to compare the results of Aescula and TomoFix plates used for biplanar open wedge high tibial osteotomy in medial osteoarthritis of the knee joint with varus deformity.

Methods

A consecutive series of 50 cases of biplanar open wedge high tibial osteotomy were evaluated retrospectively. Group A contained 25 cases treated by using the Aescula plate, and group T contained 25 cases treated by using the TomoFix plate. Full weight-bearing was permitted at 6 weeks after surgery in group A and at 2 weeks in group T. Clinical evaluations were performed at the final follow-up by using postoperative knee scores and functional scores. Radiographic analysis included postoperative mechanical femur-tibia angle, change in posterior tibial slope angle, and complications related to implants. The mean follow-up periods were 30 months in group A and 26 months in group T.

Results

The knee and functional scores were improved at the final follow-up in both groups (p < 0.05), but no differences were observed between the two groups (p > 0.05). An acceptable correction angle was obtained in 52% of group A and in 84% of group T (p = 0.015). Change in posterior tibial slope angle was larger in group A than in group T (p < 0.001), showing better maintenance of posterior tibial slope in group T. In group A, there were 3 cases of screw loosening and 4 cases of delayed union. In addition, there were residual varus deformities in 7 cases (6 in group A and 1 in group T).

Conclusions

This study shows that firm fixation using a TomoFix plate for open wedge high tibial osteotomy produces better radiologic results and a low complication rate than those of the Aescula spacer plate.     

两种截骨术治疗膝骨关节炎合并膝内翻的比较

目的观察对比两种胫骨高位截骨术治疗膝骨关节炎合并膝内翻畸形的临床疗效。方法分别采用胫骨高位截骨连同腓骨中段截骨和胫骨高位截骨连同腓骨小头截骨纠正膝内翻畸形，术后5年以内及5年以后者按同一标准对其疗效进行评价。结果随访结果按窦宝信标准进行评估。胫骨高位截骨连同腓骨中段截骨5年以内及5年以后随访的优良率分别为84．6％、69．2％；胫骨高位截骨连同腓骨小头截骨5年以内及5年以后随访的优良率分别为81．7％、68．1％。两种手术方法的临床优良率基本相似。胫骨高位截骨连同腓骨小头截骨手术时间、手术切口长度、出血量显著低于胫骨高位截骨连同腓骨中段截骨。结论胫骨高位截骨治疗膝关节骨关节炎合并内翻畸形临床疗效确切，远期疗效有下降趋势。胫骨高位截骨连同腓骨小头截骨具有手术创伤小、出血少、手术时间短、腓深神经损伤发生率低等优点。