经皮切割球囊成形术治疗老年冠心病患者冠状动脉支架内再狭窄69例分析

目的　观察切割球囊对老年冠心病患者支架内再狭窄的即刻和 6个月时治疗效果。　方法　 6 9例支架内再狭窄患者分配到切割球囊 (38例 )和普通球囊 (31例 )治疗组。球囊扩张前及扩张后即刻 ,用定量冠状动脉造影和冠状动脉内超声测定相关参数。随访 6个月时临床改善及冠状动脉造影结果。研究终点包括出现心肌梗死、需要冠状动脉旁路移植或再介入治疗。　结果　两组的手术成功率为 10 0 %。切割球囊组 1例患者扩张后在支架的远端出现夹层。平均随访 (6 7± 0 3)个月。切割球囊组于术后 3和 6个月时的再狭窄率显著低于普通球囊组 (分别为 15 %对 38%及 18%对4 3% ,均为P <0 0 0 1)。扩张后即刻血管直径获得值在切割球囊组和普通球囊组分别为 (1 72± 0 5 2 )mm和 (1 15± 0 5 4 )mm ,而 3和 6个月后切割球囊组的血管直径晚期丢失值为 (0 2 6± 0 0 5 )mm及(0 38± 0 0 6 )mm ,普通球囊组丢失值为 (0 78± 0 19)mm及 (0 89± 0 16 )mm(均为P <0 0 0 1)。　结论　切割球囊治疗老年冠心病患者支架内再狭窄效果可靠、安全 ,容易操作 ,再狭窄率低 ,易于被患者接受 ,是一个较有前途的治疗手段。     

冠状动脉内放射治疗对支架内再狭窄的作用

目的　研究应用β射线 (90 Sr/90 y)进行冠状动脉内放射治疗对国人支架内再狭窄的作用。方法　自 1 999年 1 2月至 2 0 0 2年 1月 ,我院对 5 3例患者 [男 4 9例 ,女 4例 ,平均年龄 (5 3 2± 9 8)岁 ]5 5处支架内再狭窄病变 (支架直径≥ 2 5mm ,1 0mm≤病变长度≤ 30mm) ,在球囊 (1 0处病变用普通球囊 ,4 5处病变用切割球囊 )满意扩张后 ,应用Beta Cath系统 (Novoste)进行冠状动脉内放射治疗。放射源长度 4 0mm。术后 8个月随访冠状动脉造影 ,用MEDCONViewer软件包进行定量冠状动脉造影 (QCA)分析。结果　 5 3例患者 5 5处支架内再狭窄病变均被满意扩张 ,冠状动脉内放射治疗全部成功 ,术中并发冠状动脉痉挛 1例 (1 8%) ,无其他并发症。全部患者随访期中无死亡 ,随访≥ 8个月 33例患者中 1例 (3 0 %)发生非Q波心肌梗死 ,6例 (1 8 2 %)进行靶血管重建术。该 33例患者中 2 9例(87 9%) 30处病变进行了随访冠状动脉造影 ,再狭窄率在支架段为 1 0 0 %(3/30 ) ,分析段为 2 3 3 %(7/30 )。最小管径直径术前为 (0 41± 0 2 2 )mm ,术后即刻为 (1 99± 0 42 )mm ,8个月随访时为 (1 73± 0 82 )mm ,平均病变长度为 (2 3 3± 5 4)mm。全部患者无晚期血栓形成、假性动脉瘤及冠状动脉瘤发生。结论　应用90 Sr     

旋磨术与切割球囊在冠状动脉支架再狭窄治疗中的作用

目的比较旋磨术与切割球囊及常规球囊对冠状动脉支架内再狭窄的疗效。方法将416例单支冠状动脉病变支架内再狭窄患者分别用旋磨术、切割球囊与常规球囊进行扩张治疗,在治疗即刻及6个月时再次行冠状动脉造影并进行定量分析。结果(1)介入治疗前各组间支架内再狭窄情况无明显区别。(2)旋磨后即刻所获得的冠状动脉支架内最小血管直径(MLD)最大(2.67±0.55mm,P<0.05),切割球囊与常规球囊治疗组差异无统计学意义(2.51±0.65mm比2.53±0.65mm,P>0.05)。(3)6个月后旋磨治疗组的冠状动脉支架内MLD最小(1.52±0.91mm,P<0.05),切割球囊组大于常规球囊治疗组,但差异无统计学意义(1.96±0.74mm比1.75±0.83mm,P>0.05)。旋磨术与切割球囊及常规球囊治疗组支架内血管直径狭窄率分别为54.78%,38.31%及46.50%。(4)旋磨治疗组后期血管丢失量最大(P<0.05),切割球囊组明显低于常规球囊治疗组(P<0.05)。结论旋磨术对冠状动脉支架内再狭窄即刻疗效显著,但远期疗效仍以经皮腔内冠状动脉成形术(PTCA)最佳。     

切割球囊对冠状动脉支架内再狭窄的近期及远期疗效

目的　比较切割球囊成形术 (CBA)与普通球囊成形术 (POBA) ,对支架内再狭窄病变的近、远期血管造影结果 ,评价CBA对支架内再狭窄病变的有效性。方法　 16 6例支架内再狭窄PTCA病人 ,按所用球囊不同 ,分为CBA组 (98例 ) ,POBA组 (6 8例 ) ,分别比较术后即刻及远期定量冠脉造影最小血管径 (MLD)、狭窄度及再狭窄率。结果　术后即刻MLD及狭窄度两组差别无显著性 ,CBA组最大扩张压明显为低 [(8 3± 0 9)atm比 (14 7± 4 6 )atm ,P <0 0 5 ]。追踪造影结果 ,CBA组MLD明显大于POBA组 [(1 7± 0 5 )mm比 (1 4± 0 5 )mm ,P <0 0 5 ]、狭窄度明显小于POBA组 [(36± 13) %比(46± 15 ) %,P <0 0 1],再狭窄率低于POBA组 (2 6 1%比 4 0 3%,P <0 0 5 )。结论　CBA的低压扩张效果在支架内再狭窄病变亦是有效的 ,并且获得了较POBA低的再狭窄率 ,值得进一步探讨总结。     

切割球囊冠状动脉腔内成形术102例

目的　应用切割球囊行冠状动脉腔内成形术并对其疗效进行评价。方法　对 10 2例冠心病患者的 116处病变行切割球囊扩张治疗 ,对其进行分析 ,并短期随访。结果　 116处病变血管直接切割球囊扩张治疗 ,成功率 94 %,结合普通小球囊预扩张后其成功率为 97%。 16例支架内再狭窄均扩张成功。 116处病变切割球囊扩张后安放支架 72个 (支架安放率 6 2 %) ,4 4例单纯行切割球囊扩张术者残余狭窄为 0～ 2 0 %[平均为 (11 6± 5 9) %]。 1例患者术后出现心包填塞 ,1例发生严重内膜撕裂。无急性闭塞、急诊冠状动脉旁路移植手术及急性心肌梗死发生。随访 1～ 2 0月 (平均 11 2月 ) ,10 (9 8%)例患者于术后出现心绞痛。其他患者随访期间无心脏事件发生。 12例病人复查冠脉造影 ,其中 3例发生再狭窄。结论　切割球囊行冠状动脉腔内成形术安全、有效 ,短期疗效良好。     

切割球囊在冠状动脉介入治疗中的应用

目的　研究切割球囊在冠状动脉介入治疗中的有效性和安全性。方法　22例病人,23支病变冠状动脉,25处病变,其中支架内再狭窄17例、18支血管、18处病变,距前次介入治疗平均(7.6±3.5)个月,使用切割球囊对病变进行扩张,观察扩张效果并进行临床门诊随访。结果　全部病变均取得成功,平均扩张次数(5.2±2.3)次,平均球囊总充盈时间(233.9±94.8)s,平均最大扩张压力(9.4±1.9)大气压,术后血管狭窄程度明显减轻［(89.6±8.7)%vs(17.6±17.1)%,P=0.001］,无严重并发症发生,再狭窄病变中有3处需使用普通球囊补充扩张,1处因原支架出口处撕裂再次置入支架,初次介入治疗者,因明显内膜撕裂或残余狭窄需置入支架者3例。临床随访0.5～20(7.4±6.9)个月,有2例出现心绞痛复发。结论　切割球囊对冠状动脉狭窄尤其是支架内再狭窄是有效、安全的介入治疗方法。     

联合应用切割球囊与放射治疗对冠脉支架内再狭窄的作用

目的 :探讨联合应用切割球囊及β射线 （1 66Ho）冠脉内放射治疗对支架内再狭窄的作用。方法 :对 2 0 0 1- 0 1～2 0 0 2 - 0 3韩国亚洲大学医院心脏中心完成的 6 0例支架内再狭窄的患者 ,全部使用切割球囊预扩张 ,满意扩张后使用充满液态 1 66Ho的长球囊 （30～ 40 mm ）进行冠脉内放射治疗。术后随访主要临床不良事件 ,并于术后 8个月行冠状动脉造影 ,用 MEDCON Viewer软件包进行定量冠状动脉造影 （QCA）分析。结果 :6 0例患者 6 5处支架内再狭窄病变均被满意扩张 ,血管内放射治疗全部成功 ,无撕裂、血栓形成等并发症。随访 8个月 ,无 1例死亡。 5例 （8.3%）于术后 3个月出现心绞痛行靶病变血管重建术 ,其余 5 5例患者均于术后 8个月行冠状动脉造影 ,4例于支架内发生再狭窄 （7.3%） ,6例于支架边缘发生再狭窄 （10 .9%） ,全部患者无晚期血栓形成、假性动脉瘤及冠状动脉瘤发生。病变长度为 2 5 .1± 4.7mm。晚期管腔丧失为 0 .19± 0 .6 8mm。最小管腔直径术前为 0 .38± 0 .2 6 mm ,术后即刻为 2 .0 8± 0 .36 m m ,8个月随访时为 1.82± 0 .76 mm。结论 :联合应用切割球囊及β射线 （1 66Ho）冠脉内放射治疗对支架内再狭窄是有效及安全的 ,可在临床推广应用。     

老年冠心病患者冠状动脉搭桥术后桥病变的特征及治疗

目的　探讨冠状动脉搭桥术后桥病变的特征及介入治疗的效果。方法　冠状动脉搭桥术后的 38例患者 ,因心绞痛而接受冠状动脉造影复查。多体位投照并记录桥病变特征 ,获得家属书面同意后行支架术。术后即刻进入临床随访 ,随访时间为 6个月 ,记录心脏事件发生次数。患者术后6个月时再次行冠状动脉造影。结果　搭桥术后心脏射血分数由 (5 2± 10 ) %增加到 (5 8± 14 ) % (P <0 0 5 )。 38例患者中静脉桥狭窄者占 15 % ;静脉桥闭塞者占 4 0 % ,均为开口后 1～ 2mm处闭塞 ;静脉桥退行性病变者占 2 4 % ;桥内血栓栓塞为 9例 (计 11个桥 ) ,其中搭桥术后 2例发生院内急性心肌梗死患者的静脉桥均为血栓性闭塞。狭窄桥病变长度平均为 (18± 6 )mm。球囊扩张后残余狭窄 <4 0 %。术中无远端栓塞发生 ,2个静脉桥有桥内血流减慢 ,注射硝酸甘油和维拉帕米后消失 ;夹层见于 2个钙化性桥病变球囊扩张后即刻 ,均于支架置入后消失。共 2 1例患者完成 6个月的临床随访 ,1例患者支架术后 2个月时出现心绞痛 ,其余患者无心脏事件发生。 18例患者在随访 6个月时接受冠状动脉造影 ,4例患者发生支架部位再狭窄 ,靶病变部位再狭窄率为 16 6 % ,无完全闭塞。结论　静脉桥长期效果明显不如动脉桥 ,支架术安全有效。     

小冠状动脉支架植入对临床疗效的影响

目的 :评估小冠状动脉支架 (直径 <3.0mm)的植入对冠状动脉内支架术后临床疗效的影响。方法 :依据安放支架内径的不同将入选的 97例冠心病患者分为小支架组 (支架直径 <3.0mm) 35例 ,普通支架组(≥ 3.0mm ) 6 2例 ,植入小支架 4 8个 ,普通支架 10 5个 ,观察住院期间严重临床事件率、术后 6～ 18个月无心脏事件生存率。结果 :小支架组平均支架直径为 (2 .5 2± 0 .0 7)mm ,普通支架组平均支架直径为 (3.2 4± 0 .39)mm(P <0 .0 5 ) ,15 3个支架成功植入 15 2个。小支架组和普通支架组在术中的血管夹层及撕裂的发生率分别为2 5 .71% (9例 )和 2 4 .19% (15例 ) (P >0 .0 5 ) ,住院期间发生死亡小支架组为 1例 ,普通支架组为 0例 ;6 8例患者接受了术后 6～ 18个月的临床随访 ,其中 11例在随机冠状动脉造影随访中发现支架内再狭窄 ,小支架组为 5例 ,普通支架组为 6例。结论 :对于在小冠状动脉采用直径 <3.0mm的小支架植入术即刻成功率高 ,不增加支架围手术期的急性血管并发症及临床并发症 ,与普通支架比较远期疗效基本一致     

切割的球囊预扩张对支架置入后再狭窄的影响

目的 :探讨切割的球囊预扩张对支架内再狭窄的影响。方法 :86例Multilinkstent置入患者 ,按预扩张所用球囊不同 ,分为切割的球囊血管成形术 (CBA)组和单纯球囊血管成形术 (POBA)组 ,比较两组支架置入后即刻及远期血管造影随访结果。结果 :治疗后即刻及追踪造影结果显示 ,两组在最小血管径 (MLD)、狭窄度(DS)、晚期内径丢失方面无明显差别 ,内径丢失指数CBA组 (0 .2 8± 0 .15 )较POBA组 (0 .4 2± 0 .2 8)为低 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,再狭窄率CBA组为 15 .4 % ,POBA组为 2 5 .0 % ,CBA组呈低的倾向。结论 :CBA预扩张有可能对支架内再狭窄产生有益影响 ,值得进一步探讨     

Balloon angioplasty for the treatment of coronary in-stent restenosis: immediate results and 6-month angiographic recurrent restenosis rate

Objectives. The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate the immediate results and the 6-month angiographic recurrent restenosis rate after balloon angioplasty for in-stent restenosis.Background. Despite excellent immediate and mid-term results, 20% to 30% of patients with coronary stent implantation will present an angiographic restenosis and may require additional treatment. The optimal treatment for in-stent restenosis is still unclear.Methods. Quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) analyses were performed before and after stent implantation, before and after balloon angioplasty for in-stent restenosis and on a 6-month systematic coronary angiogram to assess the recurrent angiographic restenosis rate.Results. Balloon angioplasty was performed in 52 patients presenting in-stent restenosis. In-stent restenosis was either diffuse (≥ 10 mm) inside the stent (71%) or focal (29%). Mean stent length was 16 ± 7 mm. Balloon diameter of 2.98 ± 0.37 mm and maximal inflation pressure of 10 ± 3 atm were used for balloon angioplasty. Angiographic success rate was 100% without any complication. Acute gain was lower after balloon angioplasty for in-stent restenosis than after stent implantation: 1.19 ± 0.60 mm vs. 1.75 ± 0.68 mm (p = 0.0002). At 6-month follow-up, 60% of patients were asymptomatic and no patient died. Eighteen patients (35%) had repeat target vessel revascularization. Angiographic restenosis rate was 54%. Recurrent restenosis rate was higher when in-stent restenosis was diffuse: 63% vs. 31% when focal, p = 0.046.Conclusions. Although balloon angioplasty for in-stent restenosis can be safely and successfully performed, it leads to less immediate stenosis improvement than at time of stent implantation and carries a high recurrent angiographic restenosis rate at 6 months, in particular in diffuse in-stent restenosis lesions.     

Cutting balloon coronary angioplasty—initial clinical experience

The success of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty is limited by acute occlusion and late restenosis. In 25 patients (20 men, 5 women, age range 36–81 years) coronary angioplasty was performed using a new cutting balloon into which 3–4 longitudinally orientated blades are incorporated so as to reduce the rate of severe dissections. In 12 patients stenoses were reduced from 83.9 ± 7.8% to 28.4 ± 10.7% (mean ± SD) by the cutting balloon alone, using predilatation with a small conventional balloon in two cases. Thirteen other patients were additionally dilated with a conventional balloon because of a residual stenosis > 50% after cutting balloon angioplasty. Here the stenoses could be reduced from 78.1 ± 8.7% to 29.1 ± 11.3%. Six months follow-up angiography in 14 patients showed > 50% restenosis in two of seven patients dilated with a conventional balloon in addition to the cutting balloon, and in one of seven patients dilated with the cutting balloon alone but predilated with a small conventional balloon. These results show that coronary angioplasty by the new cutting balloon results in a stenosis reduction comparable with conventional balloons at a low complication rate. Available 6 months follow-up data show three restenoses in patients either pre- or postulated by a conventional balloon and none in stand-alone cutting balloon cases.     

旋磨术联合切割球囊成形术治疗冠状动脉重度钙化病变

目的血管内超声评价旋磨术联合切割球囊成形术治疗冠状动脉重度钙化病变的安全性及有效性。方法收集冠状动脉造影及血管内超声检查确认至少1处病变为高度钙化,并行旋磨术处理的冠心病患者80例,根据是否使用切割球囊分为单纯旋磨组34例和旋磨联合切割组46例。患者在支架置入前及置入后均行血管内超声检查,评价支架置入效果。结果单纯旋磨组与旋磨联合切割组最大钙化弧度分别为(215.88±21.81)°vs(226.55±21.59)°,钙化长度比为(0.72±0.06)vs(0.78±0.05),支架置入前最小管腔面积为(2.52±0.07)mm2 vs(2.46±0.09)mm2,2组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。支架置入后,旋磨联合切割组最小支架面积(6.12±0.37)mm2和即刻管腔获得面积(3.66±0.34)mm2,单纯旋磨组分别为(5.42±0.24)mm2和(2.90±0.24)mm2,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.016)。2组术中并发症的发生比例比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在冠状动脉重度钙化病变中,使用旋磨术联合切割球囊成形术可以获得更好的支架置入后效果。     

Randomized comparison of coronary stenting with optimal balloon angioplasty for treatment of lesions in small coronary arteries.

AIMS: Angioplasty of lesions in small coronary arteries remains a significant problem because of the increased risk of restenosis. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of elective coronary stent placement and optimal balloon angioplasty in small vessel disease. METHODS: One hundred and twenty patients with lesions in small coronary arteries (de novo, non-ostial lesion and reference diameter <3 mm) were randomly assigned to either balloon angioplasty or elective stent placement (7-cell NIR stent). The primary end-point was restenosis at 6 months follow-up. Optimal balloon angioplasty was defined as diameter stenosis less than or = 30% and the absence of major dissection after the angioplasty, and crossover to stenting was allowed. RESULTS: Baseline clinical and angiographic characteristics were similar in the two groups. Procedure was successful in all patients, and in-hospital events did not occur in any patient. However, 12 patients in the angioplasty group were stented because of suboptimal results or major dissection. Postprocedural lumen diameter was significantly larger in the stent group than in the angioplasty group (2.44 +/- 0.36 mm vs 2.14 +/- 0.36, P<0.05, respectively), but late loss was greater in the stent group (1.12 +/- 0.67 mm vs 0.63 +/- 0.48, P<0.01, respectively). The angiographic restenosis rate was 30.9% in the angioplasty group, and 35.7% in the stent group (P = ns). Clinical follow-up was available in all patients (15.9 +/- 5.7 months) and clinical events during the follow-up were similar in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that optimal balloon angioplasty with provisional stenting may be a reasonable approach for treatment of lesions in small coronary arteries.     

Primary stenting of de novo lesions in small coronary arteries: A prospective,pilot study

Technical advancement and new anti-thrombotic regimens have recently shown so much improvement in the results of coronary stenting that the conventional contra-indication for stenting in small coronary arteries (<3 mm) needs to be revised. We undertook a prospective pilot study of elective Palmaz-Schatz stenting in de novo lesions located in coronary arteries of less than 3 mm diameter. Fifty consecutive patients (63 ± 9 years) with stable (n = 38) and unstable angina (n = 12) were included. Philips-DCI quantitative coronary analysis was used to measure reference diameter, minimal lumen diameter and percent diameter stenosis before PTCA, after stenting and at 6-month angiographic follow-up study. All measurements were performed after intracoronary injection of nitroglycerin (300 μg). All patients received ticlopidine (250 mg/day) and aspirin (100 mg/day). The mean lesion length was 9 ± 3 mm. The balloon size used for stent delivery was 2.75 mm in 30 patients and 2.5 mm in 20 patients and the mean balloon inflation pressure used for stent deployment was 12 ± 2 atm. All stents were deployed successfully. In-hospital complications occurred in two patients, diagonal branch occlusion at day 2 requiring emergency PTCA in one and a hematoma at the femoral puncture site requiring surgery in the other. Major adverse cardiac event (MACE) rate remained 2% (nonfatal infarct in one). Follow-up angiography (n = 46, 92%) at 6 ± 3 months showed a 30% restenosis rate. Target vessel revascularization (TVR) rate was 13%. We conclude that elective stenting in small coronary arteries is feasible and involves an acceptable risk of restenosis. Cathet. Cardiovasc. Diagn. 45:235–238, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Bailout coronary stenting without anticoagulation or intravascular ultrasound guidance: Acute and six-month angiographic results in a series of 120 consecutive patients

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of bailout coronary stenting without anticoagulation or intravascular ultrasound guidance in patients with acute or unequivocal threatened closure after conventional angioplasty. One hundred twenty consecutive patients were prospectively enrolled according to the following criteria: 1) acute or threatened closure after balloon angioplasty; 2) reference vessel diameter ≥ 2.5 mm. All patients after stent implantation were on antiplatelet treatment with aspirin and ticlopidine. Four types of stents were used: Palmaz-Schatz (J&J), Gianturco-Roubin (Cook), Freedom (Global Therapeutics), and Microstent (AVE). Procedural results: a total of 206 stents were implanted in 134 target lesions with a stent deployment success rate of 100%; 44 target lesions were treated with multiple stent implantation; the mean luminal diameter after stenting was 3.14 ± 0.34 mm, and the mean final percent diameter stenosis was −2 ± 10%; the mean balloon to vessel ratio was 1.11 ± 0.15; the mean final pressure inflation was 13.9 ± 2.4 atm; an optimal angiographic result was achieved in 128 lesions (96%). In-hospital results: in-hospital recurrent ischemia occurred in 4 patients (3%); recurrent ischemia resulted directly in death in 1 patient, in nonfatal Q-waves infarction in 2 patients, and in emergency coronary artery surgery in 1 patient. Six-month clinical follow-up results: event free survival rate was 77%; 1 patient had non fatal infarction; the incidence of repeat revascularization procedures was 19%; there were no cardiac deaths. Angiographic follow-up results (follow-up rate 93%): the restenosis or reocclusion rate was 28%. Bailout coronary stenting without chronic anticoagulation treatment or intravascular ultrasound guidance may be considered a highly feasible and safe treatment for acute or threatened closure after failed angioplasty. Cathet. Cardiovasc. Diagn. 41:14–19, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Reduction of early elastic recoil by cutting balloon angioplasty as compared to conventional balloon angioplasty

BACKGROUND: Restenosis after successful balloon angioplasty remains problematic. Early elastic response after angioplasty is significant when considering the possible development of restenosis. The purpose of this study was to compare early elastic recoil within 10 minutes after successful percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and early lumen loss at 24 hours after angioplasty in a cutting balloon group and a conventional balloon group. METHODS: Extent of early elastic recoil was quantitatively measured as the difference of mean balloon diameter at maximal inflation pressure and minimal luminal diameter after angioplasty in 82 cutting balloon-treated lesions and 51 conventional balloon-treated lesions. RESULTS: Reference diameter and balloon/artery ratio were similar between the cutting balloon and conventional balloon groups (2.89 0.47 mm vs. 2.88 0.60 mm; 1.19 0.11 vs. 1.19 0.13, respectively). Early elastic recoil after angioplasty was significantly smaller in the cutting balloon than the conventional balloon group (0.96 0.40 mm vs. 1.12 0.37 mm, respectively; p = 0.04). Also, the mean amount of lumen loss from 10 minutes after angioplasty to 24 hours after was significantly smaller in the cutting balloon than the conventional balloon group (0.08 0.28 mm vs. 0.20 0.33 mm, respectively; p = 0.02). CONCLUSION: There is significantly less early elastic recoil in the cutting balloon angioplasty than in the conventional balloon angioplasty group. The efficacy of cutting balloon continues 24 hours after angioplasty.     

Coronary intervention in the diabetic patient: improved outcome following stent implantation compared with balloon angioplasty

BACKGROUND: Diabetic patients undergoing coronary interventional procedures are at increased risk of restenosis and adverse clinical events. The relative impact of stents compared with balloon angioplasty on the outcome of percutaneous intervention in diabetics remains controversial. HYPOTHESIS: The goal of this study was to determine whether stent placement was superior to balloon angioplasty in reducing restenosis of diabetic patients undergoing coronary intervention. METHODS: The STRESS Trial was a prospective randomized comparison of stent placement and balloon angioplasty in the treatment of new native coronary lesions. Of 594 randomized patients. 92 (16%) were diabetic. In this substudy analysis of the STRESS Trial, the outcomes after stenting and balloon angioplasty in diabetic patients were compared. The primary endpoint was restenosis as determined by angiography at 6 months. Clinical outcomes at 1 year were assessed. RESULTS: Procedural success was achieved in 82% of diabetic patients assigned to angioplasty and in 100% assigned to stenting (p < 0.01). Compared with angioplasty, stenting resulted in a larger postprocedural lumen diameter (2.34 +/- 0.44 vs. 1.87 +/- 0.52 mm, p < 0.001) and greater acute luminal gain (1.61 +/- 0.47 vs. 1.06 +/- 0.46 mm, p < 0.001). At 6 months, stenting conferred a larger lumen (1.69 +/- 0.57 vs. 1.38 +/- 0.60 mm, p = 0.03) and greater net luminal gain (0.97 +/- 0.55 vs. 0.52 +/- 0.52 mm, p < 0.001). Restenosis occurred in 60% of the angioplasty group and in 24% of the stent group (p < 0.01). This was accompanied by a lower need for repeat target vessel revascularization after stenting (31 vs. 13%, p < 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with balloon angioplasty, stent placement in diabetic patients with focal de novo lesions resulted in superior procedural results, reduced restenosis, and improved clinical outcome with fewer repeat revascularization procedures.     

小冠状动脉狭窄性病变的介入治疗

目的 :探讨小冠状动脉 （直径 <3 mm）狭窄性病变实施普通球囊、切割球囊或小支架介入治疗的疗效和并发症。方法 :小冠脉狭窄性病变介入治疗 （PCI）患者 13 6（男 87,女 49）例 ,年龄 3 2～ 85（54± 17）岁。根据手术方法分为普通球囊组、切割球囊组和小支架组。残余狭窄率 <3 0 %且无动脉夹层、撕裂等并发症者为手术成功 ,术后 6个月复查冠脉造影。结果 :普通球囊组 3 2例 ,手术成功 2 6例 （81% ） ,出现动脉夹层或扩张不满意改支架术 6例 （2 4% ）。切割球囊组 48例 ,手术成功 43例 （90 % ） ,出现动脉夹层或扩张不满意改支架术 3例 ,出现造影剂血管外漏 2例。支架组 56例 ,手术成功 53例 （95% ） ,出现造影剂血管外漏 2例 ,出现心包填塞抢救成功 1例。3组均未出现血管急性闭塞。术后 6个月 ,切割球囊组、小支架组、普通球囊组冠脉造影狭窄率分别为 2 3 % （11例 ）、16% （9例 ）、3 8% （12例 ）。结论 :小冠脉狭窄性病变实施介入治疗能取得显著效果 ,小支架术优于普通球囊扩张术 ,切割球囊扩张与普通球囊扩张具有近似疗效     

Stenting of Nonacute Total Coronary Occlusions: Predictors of Late Angiographic Outcome

Objectives. This study was designed to determine and assess factors predictive of the intermediate-term outcome of stenting of nonacute total coronary occlusions.Background. Balloon angioplasty of recanalized coronary occlusions is associated with a combined restenosis/reocclusion rate of up to 65%. Adjunctive stenting holds the potential to reduce this rate significantly. However, variables affecting the late angiographic outcome of coronary stenting in the setting of a total occlusion have not been elucidated sufficiently.Methods. Coronary stenting was performed in 143 consecutive patients with a nonacute total occlusion; 120 of these patients (84%), with a total of 121 occlusions, underwent repeat angiography within 6 months and comprised the study group. High pressure stent implantation aimed to cover the site of the occlusion as well as adjacent diameter stenoses ≥70% and all possibly induced dissections. Pertinent angiographic and procedural variables obtained at the time of the intervention were entered into a multivariate logistic regression analysis model to assess their influence on the angiographic outcome at follow-up.Results. Mean preinterventional reference lumen diameter for the 121 vessels was 2.99 ± 0.53 mm (mean ± SD); occlusion length ranged from 4 to 44 mm (median of 7.7). After balloon angioplasty, dissections were found in 80% of patients. Lesions were covered with stents a median of 16 mm in length (range 8 to 53). The minimal lumen diameter (MLD) achieved after stenting was 2.89 ± 0.48 mm. After a median follow-up period of 4.5 months, mean MLD was assessed at 1.91 ± 0.90 mm, corresponding to a loss index of 0.34 ± 0.31. There were 27 vessels with a nonocclusive restenosis ≥50% and 8 with a reocclusion, for a combined restenosis/reocclusion rate of 29%. Factors found to adversely influence angiographic outcome were a post-stenting MLD ≤2.54 mm, a stented vessel segment length >16 mm, a balloon/vessel diameter ratio for final stent expansion ≤1.00 and the presence of a dissection after balloon angioplasty.Conclusions. Compared with previous reports on stand-alone balloon angioplasty, stenting of nonacute total coronary occlusions lowers the 6-month restenosis/reocclusion rate to ∼30%. The late procedural outcome is independently and statistically significantly influenced by the MLD after stenting, the length of the stented vessel segment, the balloon/vessel diameter ratio for final stent expansion and the incidence of dissections after balloon angioplasty.