Dynamics of lipid peroxidation in patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

The time course of erythrocytic lipid peroxidation (LP) was studied in 55 patients with insulin independent diabetes mellitus aged 40 to 60 years LP was assessed by the content of malonic dialdehyde (MDA) and peroxidative hemolysis of erythrocytes (PHE). During diabetic decompensation LP activity was increased, especially in the presence of lower limb angiopathies. The authors assumed an idea of the involvement of LP products in the pathogenesis of vascular lesions. Diabetic compensation did not cause normalization of LP activity however the use of antioxidant (alpha-tocopherol acetate) led to a significant decrease in LP activity which can be of importance for the treatment of the early stages of diabetic angiopathies.     

Plasma lipid peroxidation products and antioxidant enzyme activities in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Diabetes is associated with a significant increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) which are considered as an index of endogenous lipid peroxidation. The human body has a complex antioxidant defense system that prevents the initiation of free radical chain reactions. We measured plasma TBARS levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities and ocmpared their relation to the metabolic control of diabetes and diabetic microangiopathy. Sixty-four patients (19 men), aged 52.35±9.31 years with type 2 diabetes mellitus were included in the study. Thirty-six healthy subjects (12 men), aged 51.02±7.01 years formed the control group. TBARS levels and SOD activity were elevated in the diabetic group when compared with the control group (p<0.001 and p<0.00001, respectively). However CAT activity was significantly decreased in the diabetic group when compared with the control group (p<0.00001). Patients with diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy, but not neuropathy, had elevated TBARS levels but there was no statistically significant difference when compared with diabetic patients without microangiopathy (p>0.05). There was a positive correlation between plasma TBARS levels and SOD activity (r=0.770, p=0.0001) and a negative correlation between plasma TBARS levels and CAT activity (r=0.482, p=0.0001). There was also a negative correlation between SOD and CAT activities (r=−0.609, p=0.0001). We found significantly elevated TBARS levels in diabetic patients. We did not observe any correlation between TBARS levels and blood glucose and HbA_1c levels. Elevated TBARS levels and SOD activity and decreased CAT activity may be due to a compensation mechanism of the body. Received: 15 February 2001 / Accepted in revised form: 9 May 2002     

Lipid peroxidation in patients with diabetes mellitus

The activity of free radical oxidation in patients with diabetes mellitus was investigated with respect to a type of diabetes using chemiluminescence. Clinical, laboratory and instrumental investigation of 80 patients with diabetes mellitus was conducted. The level of free radical oxidation in the patients changed as compared to that in the controls. Direct correlation between an increase in a degree of severity of disease and a rise of the level of chemiluminescence was discovered. Changes of lipid peroxidation in patients with diabetes mellitus permitted sound recommendation of drugs with antioxidant and membrane-stabilizing properties.     

老年2型糖尿病患者25-羟基维生素D和血脂水平的分析

目的探讨老年2型糖尿病患者25-羟基维生素D(25-OH-VitD)、血脂水平的变化。方法对在我院住院的41例老年2型糖尿病患者和在门诊健康体检的48例正常老年人进行问卷调查、体格检查和生化指标等检测。结果老年2型糖尿病组的三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平明显高于对照组,25-OH-VitD、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇低于对照组;2型糖尿病组中25-OH-VitD低于正常值检出率、血脂异常检出率均高于对照组;25-OH-VitD低于正常值组2型糖尿病发生率高于正常值组。糖尿病发生率与25-OH-VitD、血脂异常均有相关性。结论老年2型糖尿病患者除严格控制血糖外,有必要检测25-OH-VitD、血脂水平,进行及早干预,以早期预防或延缓糖尿病并发症的出现,从而更好地改善生活质量。     

Elevated serum ceruloplasmin levels are associated with albuminuria in Korean men with type 2 diabetes mellitus

The aim of this study was to examine the possible association between serum ceruloplasmin, a copper carrying protein, and albuminuria in 456 males with type 2 diabetes. Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that elevated serum ceruloplasmin was a determinant of albuminuria independently of conventional risk factors.     

2型糖尿病患者餐后血脂变化与胰岛素和血糖的相关分析

目的 探讨２型糖尿病患者餐后血脂变化及其与胰岛素和血糖的关系。方法 测定６０例２型糖尿病患者空腹及餐后２ｈ血脂、载脂蛋白、胰岛素（Ｉｎｓ）及血糖（ＰＧ）,并与３０例正常人作对照。结果 （１）糖尿病组与正常组比较表明,空腹及餐后２ｈＰＧ、Ｉｎｓ、甘油三脂（ＴＧ）无显著增高（Ｐ〈０．０５）;高密度脂蛋白（ＨＤＬ）及载脂蛋白Ａ１／载脂蛋白Ｂ１００（ａｐｏＡ、／ａｐｏＢ１００）比值均显著降低（Ｐ〈０．０５     

The indices of the lipid peroxidation and desaturation of the blood serum in diabetes mellitus in children]

Comparative investigation of indices of lipid peroxidation and blood lipid unsaturation was carried out in 91 pediatric inpatients (aged 7 to 15) with type I diabetes mellitus and in 10 controls of the same age. Activation of free radical lipid peroxidation was shown to occur in children with diabetes mellitus. A degree of compensation of diabetes did not influence the level of hydroxyperoxides (HP) and final decay products (FP) of lipid peroxidation. In ketoacidotic decompensation HP and FP concentrations in the patients were increased as compared to those in the controls by 284 and 255%, respectively. At the same time children who were admitted in coma, demonstrated low values of blood lipid unsaturation. Insulin therapy (irrespective a drug dose) was accompanied by a 1.8-2-fold increase (p less than 0.05) in a HP level as compared to control values. Change in the level of lipid unsaturation depended upon a daily dose of insulin. In diabetes over 1 year different types of changes in lipid peroxidation and unsaturation were detected, and individual differences in their levels required a differentiated approach to therapeutic tactics.     

Lipid peroxidation in patients with type-1 diabetes mellitus

A study was made of levels of malonic dialdehyde, peroxide hemolysis of erythrocytes, superoxide dismutase activity and a tocopherol content for the purpose of investigating the state of lipid peroxidation in 14 patients with type I diabetes mellitus. Correlation between the state of lipid peroxidation and a degree of diabetes mellitus compensation was established. Decompensated diabetes mellitus was characterized by more enhanced lipid peroxidation and tocopherol deficiency.     

Coated-platelet levels in patients with Type 1 and with Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Coated-platelet levels were quantified in 58 people with Type 1 diabetes, 90 with Type 2 diabetes, and 54 non-diabetic controls. In diabetes high coated-platelet levels were related to smoking and glucose control drugs, but not to glycaemia or other drugs. Prospective studies should evaluate coated-platelets and complications and drug effects.     

新诊断2型糖尿病患者血清磷脂脂肪酸谱与血脂代谢有关

探讨新诊断2型糖尿病患者血清磷脂脂肪酸谱组分与血脂的相关性.新诊断2型糖尿病患者血清饱和脂肪酸升高(48.79±1.55 vs 42.58±1.96,P<0.01),而单不饱和脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸下降(10.72±1.53 vs 12.09±1.32,33.41±2.16 vs 35.79±2.41,6.08±1.66 vs 9.54v1.54,均P<0.01).     

Effect of temocapril hydrochloride on serum lipid levels in patients with hypertensive type 2 diabetes mellitus.

The effect of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, temocapril hydrochloride on the serum lipoproteins, and especially on the size of low density lipoproteins (LDL) of hypertensive diabetic patients, were studied. Temocapril hydrochloride (5 mg/day) was administered to 32 hypertensive type 2 diabetes patients for 16 weeks. During treatment, systolic and diastolic blood pressures decreased significantly from 162/95 mmHg to 138/76 mmHg at 16 weeks (p<0.001), and serum levels of total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) showed significant reduction, but those of HbA1c, triglycerides (TG) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) showed no significant changes. LDL particle size evaluated by polyacrylamide gel disc electrophoresis was normalized from small size. It is concluded that temocapril hydrochloride favorably affects the serum lipoprotein metabolism of hypertensive type 2 dependent diabetes mellitus patients.     

NT-proBNP in normoalbuminuric patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

OBJECTIVE: To examine levels of NT-proBNP and its relation to hypertension, as well as diastolic function in normoalbuminuric patients with Type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The study comprised 60 Type 2 diabetic patients without albuminuria. Thirty patients were normotensive and 30 had hypertension. Exclusion criteria were cardiac symptoms and an ejection fraction < 55%. Thirty age- and sex-matched normal subjects served as controls. Diastolic dysfunction was assessed with echocardiography, by means of mitral inflow and colour M-Mode flow propagation recordings. RESULTS: Overall NT-proBNP was significantly elevated in the Type 2 diabetes group, compared with the controls [54.5 pg/ml (5-162) vs. 32.7 pg/ml (5-74.3) P = 0.02]. NT-proBNP was significantly higher among hypertensive patients compared with both normotensive patients and controls but no difference was found between the normotensive patients and the controls [58.0 pg/ml (8.5-162), P < 0.05 vs. 50.8 pg/ml (5-131) P = 0.4]. Patients with concentric and eccentric hypertrophy had significantly higher NT-proBNP levels compared with the control group [81.0 pg/ml (5-147), P < 0.001 and 66.8 pg/ml (42-128), P < 0.001], whereas patients with left ventricular remodelling (enlarged relative wall diameter but normal left ventricular mass) were comparable with the control group [42.3 pg/ml (8.3-142) P = 0.55]. Patients with left atrial enlargement also had incremental NT-proBNP values. NT-proBNP was only moderately correlated to age (r = 0.33, P < 0.05) and left ventricular diastolic diameter (r = 0.41, P < 0.05), but unrelated to diastolic function. CONCLUSIONS: NT-proBNP is significantly increased in hypertensive, normoalbuminuric patients with Type 2 diabetes. These findings were related to left ventricular hypertrophy and increased left atrial and ventricular diameters.     

肺结核合并糖尿病患者临床特征及血脂水平分析

目的 了解肺结核合并糖尿病（PTB-DM）患者的临床特征与营养状况,为其临床诊疗与营养支持提供具有针对性的建议。 方法 选取青岛市胸科医院2011年12月至2012年8月间住院的116例PTB-DM患者为PTB-DM组,另按照每个年龄段内两组的性别比例尽量一致且单纯肺结核（PTB）组人数不少于PTB-DM组人数的原则,依患者住院号顺序采用随机数字表法进行调整,最终从该院同期住院的320例PTB患者中选出患者136名作为PTB组,比较两组入院时临床症状的发生率、血红细胞沉降率（ESR）加快率、痰涂片阳性率和营养状况相关指标如总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）及淋巴细胞计数（TLC）。将PTB-DM患者按入院时空腹血糖水平分为血糖控制良好组（34例）与控制不佳组（82例）,分析血糖控制水平对入院时临床特征的影响。 结果 PTB-DM组患者咳嗽、咯痰、咯血、乏力、食欲减退、ESR加快和痰涂片阳性的比率分别为97.4%（113/116）、90.5%（105/116）、31.0%（36/116）、68.1%（79/116）、39.7%（46/116）、81.9%（95/116）和78.4%（91/116）,PTB组分别为88.2%（120/136）、80.9%（110/136）、14.0%（19/136）、55.1%（75/136）、27.9%（38/136）、66.9%（91/136）和66.2%（90/136）,PTB-DM组均显著高于PTB组（χ²值分别为7.565、4.639、10.684、4.422、3.866、7.272、4.659,P值均＜0.05）。血糖控制良好组咯痰、咯血、乏力的发生率及痰涂片阳性率分别为79.4%（27/34）、17.6%（6/34）、52.9%（18/34）和64.7%（22/34）,明显低于控制不佳组的95.1%（78/82）、36.6%（30/82）、74.4%（61/82）和84.1%（69/82）（χ²值分别为6.911、4.028、5.090、5.373,P值均＜0.05）。营养状况分析显示,TC和TG水平PTB-DM组分别为（4.39±1.17） mmol/L和（1.43±0.91） mmol/L,PTB组分别为（3.97±0.97） mmol/L和（1.01±0.51） mmol/L,PTB-DM组均明显高于PTB组（t=-3.237,t′=-4.457,P值均＜0.05）;PTB-DM组的TLC为（1.36±0.52）×10⁹/L,明显低于PTB组的（1.52±0.64）×10⁹/L（t′=2.000,P＜0.05）。 结论 与PTB患者相比,PTB-DM患者的病情较重,TC和TG水平也相对较高,临床上应给予具有针对性的诊疗措施及饮食指导。     

2型糖尿病胰岛素抵抗与超敏C反应蛋白血尿酸和血脂代谢之间的关系探讨

目的探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)胰岛素抵抗与超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、血尿酸(SUA)和血脂代谢之间的关系。方法收集T2DM患者共128例,测定患者空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2h PG)、空腹胰岛素(FIns)、SUA、hs-CRP及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)等水平,按HOMA-IR水平的四分位间距进行分组,比较和分析组间各指标测定值。结果各组间hs-CRP、SUA、TG、HDL-C水平比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05),Pearson相关性分析显示HOMA-IR水平与hs-CRP、SUA、TG水平呈正相关,与HDL-C水平呈负相关(P0.05)。多重线性回归分析显示hs-CRP、SUA、HDL-C进入方程,方程式为y=53.284+0.237X1+0.098X2-1.618X3。结论 hs-CRP、SUA、HDL-C与T2DM胰岛素抵抗严重程度密切相关。     

Analysis of DNA damage,plasma lipid peroxidation,and antioxidant status in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients among a south Indian population

Oxidative stress is involved in the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus, which in turn may also contribute to its complications. This case-control study was designed to find out the association between oxidative damage to lipids and DNA in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Sixty individuals with type 2 diabetes and age- and sex-matched 60 clinically healthy individuals without type 2 diabetes were included for the study. Oxidative stress was evaluated by malondialdehyde assay which is a marker of lipid peroxidation and plasma total antioxidant status was evaluated by the ferric reducing antioxidant power assay. Single-cell alkaline gel electrophoresis (comet assay) was employed to assess the level of DNA damage in peripheral lymphocytes. The extent of DNA damage was observed to be high in the diabetic patients when compared with the controls. The total antioxidant status was found to be significantly lower in the patients with diabetes mellitus when compared with the controls (p < 0.05). Lipid peroxidation status was significantly increased in diabetics (p < 0.05) when compared with the control group. The results of this study confirm that hyperglycemia contributes to increased generation of reactive oxygen species and decreased total antioxidant status which may be responsible for the oxidative DNA damage among south Indian population with diabetes mellitus.

     

The blood serum lipid spectrum in diabetes mellitus

Investigations of lipid metabolism in patients with disturbed GTT and manifest diabetes mellitus revealed in most cases dyslipidemia, decreasing significantly in the time course of therapy. The results of the investigations showed that the blood levels of cholesterol (CS), beta-lipoproteins, total lipids (TL) and free fatty acids (FFA) in patients with disturbed GTT were significantly increased as compared to healthy persons. In patients with DM of type I, CS, beta-lipoproteins, TL and FFA were significantly lowered after achieving compensation, and in patients with type II DM the above indices except CS and alpha-CS were also lowered. The detected lipid metabolic derangements were noted at the preclinical stage, i.e. in persons with disturbed GTT and were preserved at the stage of manifest forms of DM, necessitating adequate therapy.     

Evaluation of physical fitness in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare functional capacity in 30 Type 2 Diabetic patients with 30 healthy non-diabetic control subjects. Methods: Physical fitness was evaluated using the “EUROFIT Physical Fitness Test Battery”. This battery estimates body composition, cardiopulmonary, musculoskeletal and motor fitness. Results: Percentage of body fat (PBF) was higher in the diabetic compared with control groups (P<0.05) although body mass index (BMI) was similar. Biceps and suprailiac skinfold thickness were also greater in the diabetic group (P<0.05). The 6-min walking distance and VO_2max were significantly lower in the diabetic group (P<0.05). The diabetic patients had lower values of the single leg balance test with eyes opened and closed. Jump-stretch, handgrip and side-bending of trunk tests were also lower in the diabetic patients. Conclusion: Physical functional capacity is lower in Type 2 diabetic patients than in age-matched control subjects.     

Comparison of effects of anagliptin and alogliptin on serum lipid profile in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Introduction

Anagliptin (ANA) improves dyslipidemia in addition to blood glucose levels. However, there are no comparative studies on the effects of ANA and other dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors on serum lipid profile. We compared the effects of ANA on serum lipid profile with those of alogliptin (ALO) in type 2 diabetes mellitus outpatients.

Materials and Methods

The study participants were 87 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who had been treated with dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors for ≥8 weeks and had a low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) level of ≥120 mg/dL. Participants were switched to either 200 mg/day ANA or 25 mg/day ALO for 24 weeks.

Results

There was no significant difference in percentage change in LDL‐C level at 24 weeks between the ANA and ALO groups. Treatment with ANA for 12 weeks significantly decreased LDL‐C levels, one of the secondary end‐points. Treatment with ANA for 24 weeks significantly improved apolipoprotein B‐100 levels, and the percentage change in LDL‐C levels at 24 weeks correlated significantly with the percentage change in apolipoprotein B‐100 levels in the ANA group.

Conclusions

The LDL‐C‐lowering effects of ANA and ALO at 24 weeks were almost similar in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, the results showed a tendency for a decrease in LDL‐C level at 24 weeks in the ANA group, and that such improvement was mediated, at least in part, through the suppression of apolipoprotein B‐100 synthesis.