外侧小切口和常规切口全髋置换术的疗效对比

目的:探讨小切口人工全髋关节置换术的临床应用优势。方法:采用外侧小切口的小切口人工全髋关节置换术治疗髋关节疾病患者40例(治疗组),同期采用常规切口行人工全髋关节置换术40例(对照组)。对两组病例的围手术期出血量、手术时间、切口长度和术后早期功能恢复情况进行比较。结果:治疗组的围手术期出血量、手术时间、切口长度都明显少于对照组(P<0.05),同时治疗组术后早期功能恢复较对照组快(P<0.05)。结论:与常规切口全髋置换术相比,外侧小切口全髋置换术创伤小、围手术期出血少、切口小、术后早期功能恢复快,值得推广应用。     

前外侧微创全髋关节置换术的效果分析

目的 探讨前外侧微创全髋关节置换术的效果。方法 选择我院2012年10月~2015年12月期间收治全髋关节置换术患者60例,根据随机数字表法分为两组,前外侧入路组和传统入路组。传统入路组采取传统后外侧全髋关节置换术治疗;前外侧入路组采取前外侧微创全髋关节置换术治疗。比较两组患者的切口长度、术后下蹲时间、手术平均出血量、术后6个月髋关节功能评分和手术主要并发症发生率、髋关节功能恢复优良率。结果前外侧入路组手术主要并发症发生率明显少于传统入路组,髋关节功能恢复优良率高于传统入路组(P0.05)。前外侧入路组患者切口长度、术后下蹲时间、手术平均出血量、术后6个月髋关节功能评分均优于传统入路组(P0.05)。结论 前外侧微创全髋关节置换术效果确切,手术切口小,创伤小,可减少术中出血,减少术后并发症的发生,能够有效改善髋关节功能,值得推广。     

比较后外侧微创切口全髋置换术与常规全髋置换术临床疗效

目的比较后外侧微创切口全髋置换术与常规全髋置换术的临床疗效。方法选取我院76例需择期行全髋关节置换术的患者,随机均分为对照组（常规全髋置换术）和观察组（后外侧微创切口全髋置换术）,术后均随访9个月。结果观察组的手术时间、切口长度和术中出血量均显著低于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,两组术后Harris评分和并发症发生率无统计学差异（P〉0.05）。结论采用后外侧微创切口全髋置换术能缩短手术时间,手术创伤小,术中失血量少,值得临床推广。     

改良后外侧小切口和传统后外侧入路人工全髋置换术的疗效比较

目的比较改良后外侧小切口和传统后外侧入路人工全髋置换术的疗效。方法选取2008年5月～2010年5月于我院行人工全髋置换术的60例患者作为研究对象,随机分为对照组（传统后外侧入路人工全髋置换术）28例和观察组（改良后外侧小切口组）32例,对两组患者的手术切口长度、手术时间、住院时间、并发症发生率进行统计分析。结果观察组的手术切口短于对照组;手术时问、术中出血量少于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P均〈0．05）。术后随访6～24个月,观察组并发症总发生率低于对照组;术后观察组Harris髋关节功能评分较术前明显改善,且明显优于对照组（P均〈0．05）。结论改良后外侧小切口人工全髋置换术疗效确切,并发症少,值得临床广泛推广和应用。     

人工全髋关节置换术治疗髋关节疾病的疗效观察

目的 探讨后外侧小切口初次人工全髋关节置换术治疗髋关节疾病的临床疗效.方法 将240例髋关节疾病患者按手术方法的不同分为研究组(后外侧小切口初次人工全髋关节置换术)和对照组(常规后外侧切口初次人工全髋关节置换术).对比分析2组患者的临床治疗效果.结果 研究组手术时间、切口长度、术中出血量、引流量均少于对照组(P<0.05);术后1周Harris评分、 术后6周Harris评分均高于对照组(P<0.05);2组患者均未出现并发症.结论 后外侧小切口初次人工全髋关节置换术是治疗髋关节疾病的有效方法之一.     

后外侧微创切口全髋置换术与常规全髋置换术比较

目的:对后外侧微创切口全髋置换术与常规全髋置换术的技术特点和临床效果进行比较,并探讨后外侧微创切口全髋置换术临床应用的优缺点。方法:选取50例要进行全髋置换术的患者随机平均分为实验组和传统组,各25例。传统组行常规全髋置换术,实验组行后外侧微创切口全髋置换术,比较患者手术过程中及术后的手术时间、切口长度、出血量、住院时间等指标。结果:实验组在切口长度、出血量、住院时间、术后Harris评分、术后并发症等方面显著优于传统组(P0.05)。结论:采用后外侧微创切口全髋置换术治疗全髋置换具有出血少、对软组织损伤小、恢复快并且可显著降低术后并发症等优点,值得在临床进一步推广。     

全髋关节置换术前、后外侧入路的临床对比研究

目的:探讨全髋关节置换术前外侧入路与后外侧入路的临床对比研究。方法:选择2015年1月-2016年2月本院收治的人工全髋关节置换术患者100例作为研究对象,其中经前外侧入路(ASA)行全髋关节置换术患者42例为ASA组,经后外侧入路(PSA)行全髋关节置换术患者58例为PSA组,比较两组患者切口长度、术后引流量、出血量、输血量、手术时间、下床行走时间及住院时间,并采用髋关节Harris评分量表评定两组患者术前及术后5个月髋关节功能,比较两组患者的手术优良率,观察两组患者术后并发症的发生情况。结果:ASA组与PSA组相比,切口长度短、出血量及输血量少(P0.05);两组术后引流量相比,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);ASA组手术时间、下床行走时间及住院时间与PSA组相比均缩短(P0.05);ASA组术后5个月Harris评分达(92.45±2.51)分,明显高于PSA组的(86.63±2.23)分(P0.05);而ASA组手术优良率95.24%(40/42)高于PSA组的79.31%(46/58)(P0.05);ASA组术后1例发生皮肤切口感染且无术后脱位发生,PSA组1例发生皮肤切口感染及1例术后脱位,两组术后并发症发生率相比差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:选择经前外侧入路(ASA)行全髋关节置换术能在较短的时间内较好地完成手术,且创伤小恢复快,预防术后脱位方面存在优势,可减少患者经济负担,并且术后关节功能恢复较好,有效提高患者的生活质量。     

外侧小切口全髋置换早期疗效对比研究

目的评价外侧小切口全髋关节置换术(THA)的早期疗效。方法选择2005年1月—2010年1月行外侧小切口全髋关节置换术120例(132髋)患者作为试验组,选择同期接受常规外侧切口手术76例(82髋)作为对照组,比较2组患者术后3个月、术后6个月、术后1年假体位置及Harris评分等。结果术后2组患者假体位置比较无显著性差异,试验组在术后3,6个月Harris评分较对照组高;术后1年,2组Harris评分比较差异无统计学意义。结论外侧小切口全髋置换术术后早期在功能及软组织损伤上比常规切口全髋置换有明显优势,随着时间的推移,差异减小。外侧小切口全髋关节置换的中远期疗效需要进一步评估。     

小切口与常规后外侧入路全髋关节置换术的比较研究

目的比较小切口与常规后外侧入路全髋关节置换术临床疗效及并发症。方法行单侧全髋置换术治疗患者49例,其中25例患者采用小切口后外侧入路全髋置换术,24例患者采用常规后外侧入路全髋置换术。比较两组手术切口长度、髋关节Harris评分、术中失血量、手术时间、止痛药用量、术后引流量、并发症等。结果小切口组切口长度为(10.49±1.36)cm,常规组为(17.27±1.46)cm;手术时间小切口组为(117.80±15.89)min,常规组为(94.79±13.79)min;术后曲马多用量小切口组为(0.78±0.42)g,常规组为(1.14±0.39)g;小切口组术后24 h引流量为(265.84±67.34)mL,常规组为(311.50±86.38)mL;术后6个月髋关节Harris评分,小切口组为(89.44±5.75)分,常规组为(85.67±6.29)分,以上各指标两组差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);小切口组术中失血量为(193.24±60.1)mL,常规组为(215.21±52.32)mL,两组差异无统计学意义。结论小切口后外侧入路全髋置换术是创伤小、术后康复快的手术入路,但是需严格把握适应证,并且对技术水平有一定要求。     

微创前外侧入路下全髋置换术治疗股骨颈骨折的临床效果

目的探讨微创前外侧入路下全髋置换术治疗股骨颈骨折的临床效果。方法选取2017年2月至2018年1月郸城洪河医院收治的78例股骨颈骨折患者,根据手术路径分为对照组(39例)和观察组(39例)。对照组接受传统后外侧入路全髋关节置换术治疗,观察组接受微创前外侧入路下全髋置换术治疗。比较两组手术治疗指标(手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量、住院时间)、手术前后髋关节功能(Harris)评分、并发症发生情况。结果观察组术后引流量、术中出血量较对照组少,住院时间较对照组短(均P<0.05)。术后6个月,两组Harris评分较治疗前高,且观察组高于对照组(均P<0.05)。对照组并发症发生率为13.51%(5/39),观察组并发症发生率为8.11%(3/39)。两组并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论微创前外侧入路下全髋置换术治疗股骨颈骨折患者,创伤小,髋关节功能恢复好。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.