五步蛇毒素对大鼠佐剂性关节炎的影响

目的研究五步蛇(Agkistrodon acutus)毒素对大鼠佐剂性关节炎(adjunctive arthritis,AA)的影响。方法雄性健康SD大鼠随机分为6组,即正常对照组,模型组,地塞米松治疗组(1 mg/kg),五步蛇毒素不同剂量治疗组(1、0.1和0.01 mg/kg);弗氏完全佐剂(CFA)诱导继发性关节炎;足爪容积测定法观察继发性足爪肿胀度;聚乙二醇(PEG)6000法检测血清循环免疫复合物水平;电子天平测定体重、脾脏指数的变化。结果五步蛇毒素治疗组(1和0.1 mg/kg)能明显抑制AA大鼠的继发性肿胀,降低AA大鼠的脾脏指数和血清CIC水平,抑制AA大鼠体重增长。结论在该试验条件下,五步蛇毒素对大鼠佐剂性关节炎具有抑制作用。     

美洛昔康贴片抗炎作用实验研究

目的观察局部用美洛昔康贴剂(Mel T)的抗炎作用及其对胃肠道的刺激性。方法采用二甲苯致腹腔毛细血管通透性增加法和二甲苯致耳肿胀法,角叉菜胶诱发足肿胀法以及完全佐剂诱导佐剂性关节炎等实验方法。结果Mel T局部粘贴小鼠20、105、mg/kg,明显抑制二甲苯所致的小鼠耳肿胀和二甲苯引起的皮肤毛细血管通透性的增加,大鼠足部粘贴14、7、3.5 mg/kg,明显抑制角叉菜胶致大鼠足肿胀;对AA大鼠原发性和继发性炎症均有抑制作用,且大鼠胃肠道粘膜出血和溃疡比Mel灌胃组少。结论Mel T有明显的抗炎作用,不良反应小于口服给药。     

苦参素对佐剂性关节炎大鼠的治疗作用

目的研究苦参素(OM)对大鼠佐剂型关节炎(AA)的影响,并探讨部分作用机制。方法弗氏完全佐剂(FCA)诱导AA大鼠模型,检测大鼠足爪肿胀度、多发性关节炎指数(AI),HE染色观察关节病理学改变,放免法检测血清IL-1β、TNF-α水平。结果 OM(60、120 mg.kg-1)剂量组能明显抑制AA大鼠继发性足肿胀,改善膝关节的病理学病变,使AA大鼠血清IL-1β、TNF-α水平显著下降。结论 OM对AA大鼠有治疗作用,调节体内细胞因子IL-1β、TNF-α的水平可能是其治疗AA的作用机制之一。     

灯盏细辛注射液对大鼠佐剂关节炎血清中肿瘤坏死因子-a和瘦素表达水平的影响

目的:通过研究灯盏细辛注射液对佐剂关节炎(AA)大鼠血清中的瘦素、肿瘤坏死因子-a表达水平的影响,探讨灯盏细辛注射液对大鼠佐剂关节炎的治疗作用。方法:通过给大鼠右后足跖部皮内注射完全弗氏佐剂(CFA)建立类风湿关节炎的动物模型(AA)。在致炎后10d,大鼠继发性关节炎出现。开始在治疗组AA大鼠腹腔内注射灯盏细辛注射液(EBI)10mg/kg.d,连续注射15d。直至25d对大鼠足爪肿胀度的抑制有显著性时,用ELISA法检测各组AA大鼠血清中TNF-a、Leptin的表达水平。结果:治疗组AA大鼠血清中Leptin水平低于模型组,TNF-a水平低于模型组。结论:10mg/kg.d灯盏细辛注射液明显抑制了AA大鼠血清中TNF-a、Leptin的表达水平,灯盏细辛注射液明显改善了AA大鼠继发侧足趾关节肿胀度。     

重组人内抑素对佐剂性关节炎大鼠血清中白细胞介素-1和瘦素表达水平的影响

目的:研究重组人内抑素(endostatin,ES)对大鼠佐剂关节炎(AA)血清中IL-1、Leptin表达水平的影响,以探讨endostatin对大鼠佐剂关节炎的治疗作用。方法:通过给大鼠右后足跖部皮内注射完全弗氏佐剂(CFA)建立类风湿关节炎的动物模型(AA)。在致炎后第10天,大鼠继发性关节炎出现。开始在治疗组AA大鼠皮下注射内抑素2.5mg/kg,连续7d。直至第24天对大鼠足爪肿胀度的抑制有显著性时,用放免法(RIA)测定治疗组AA大鼠血清中IL-1、Leptin的表达水平。结果:治疗组AA大鼠血清中IL-1水平低于造模组,Leptin水平低于造模组,且血清中Leptin的表达水平与IL-1呈显著正相关。结论:重组人内抑素对大鼠佐剂关节炎的继发炎症有明显抑制作用,内抑素2.5mg/kg对AA大鼠血清中的IL-1、Leptin的表达水平有明显的抑制作用,且血清中Leptin的表达水平与IL-1呈显著正相关。     

翁布总黄酮对佐剂性关节炎大鼠的免疫调节机制

目的研究翁布总黄酮对佐剂性关节炎(AA)大鼠的免疫调节机制。方法用弗氏完全佐剂(FCA)诱导大鼠AA模型。足容积法测量继发侧足肿胀度,观察该药对AA大鼠免疫器官的影响,MTT法检测ConA诱导的小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖转化,中性红实验测定小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能,酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)测定腹腔巨噬细胞产生IL-2和TNF-α的水平。结果致炎后d 12,大鼠继发性关节炎出现,同时灌胃给予不同剂量的翁布总黄酮及吲哚美辛,连续两周。从d 24起,翁布总黄酮(1.0、1.5 g.kg-1)对AA大鼠继发性炎症反应有明显的治疗作用。翁布总黄酮各剂量组可不同程度降低AA大鼠胸腺指数和TNF-α含量,提高淋巴细胞增殖反应、腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能和IL-2的含量。结论翁布总黄酮对AA大鼠继发性炎症有治疗作用,其作用机制可能与其改善AA大鼠异常的细胞免疫功能有关。     

银杏叶提取物对佐剂性关节炎大鼠血清抗氧化能力及肿瘤坏死因子含量的影响

目的:考察银杏叶提取物(EGb761)对佐剂性关节炎(AA)大鼠血清抗氧化能力及肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)含量的影响,初步探讨银杏叶提取物治疗佐剂性关节炎的作用机制。方法:雄性SD大鼠于右后足跖皮内注射弗氏完全佐剂(FCA)0.1 mL建立大鼠佐剂性关节炎模型。致炎第12天分别应用EGb761低、中、高剂量(50,100,200 mg.kg-1)灌胃对其进行治疗,连续给药16 d;并以雷公藤多苷(40 mg.kg-1)作为阳性对照。采用足容积法测量继发侧足肿胀度。致炎第28天处死大鼠,收集血清,检测血清中髓过氧化物酶(MPO)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)活力、丙二醛(MDA)、一氧化氮(NO)及TNF-α含量。结果:致炎后第12天,大鼠继发性关节炎出现,给予不同剂量的EGb761(50,100,200 mg.kg-1),从致炎后第20天开始,EGb761可明显减轻继发性AA大鼠足爪的肿胀度;与模型对照组比较,EGb761各剂量组大鼠血清中MPO、iNOS活力及MDA、NO和TNF-α含量均明显降低(P<0.05或P<0.01),而SOD含量明显升高(P<0.01)。结论:EGb761对AA大鼠继发性炎症具有显著的治疗作用,其作用机制可能与提高AA大鼠血清抗氧化能力,抑制致炎因子TNF-α生成有关。     

重组人肿瘤坏死因子受体融合蛋白治疗大鼠佐剂性关节炎的作用及对巨噬细胞功能的影响

目的:研究重组人肿瘤坏死因子受体融合蛋白(RhTNFR:Fc)对佐剂性关节炎(AA)大鼠模型的治疗作用及对巨噬细胞产生细胞因子的影响。方法:完全弗氏佐剂免疫SD大鼠诱导AA模型,随机分为正常组、模型组、RhTNFR:Fc低、中、高剂量组(1,3,9 mg.kg-1)和阴性对照组(IgG-Fc 9 mg.kg-1)。记录全身评分、关节炎指数、足爪肿胀度、关节肿胀数等整体评价指标、足爪X线摄片、踝关节病理检查及评分,ELISA试剂盒测定腹腔巨噬细胞(PMφ)上清中细胞因子白细胞介素1β(IL-1β),IL-6和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)水平。结果:RhTNFR:Fc给药组能不同程度地降低AA大鼠升高的全身评分、关节炎指数、足爪肿胀度和关节肿胀数等整体评价指标,减轻AA大鼠的关节炎症,改善AA大鼠X线摄片评分和关节病理学变化,下调PMφ的IL-1β,IL-6和TNF-α的分泌水平。结论:RhTNFR:Fc对大鼠AA的关节炎症具有治疗作用,且抑制腹腔巨噬细胞促炎性细胞因子的表达。     

青藤碱凝胶对大鼠佐剂性关节炎的治疗作用

目的 :研究青藤碱凝胶 (sinomeninegels,SING)对大鼠佐剂性关节炎 (adjuvantarthritis,AA)的治疗作用。 方法 :用Freund’s完全佐剂诱导大鼠佐剂性关节炎 ,经皮给药 ,观察青藤碱凝胶对大鼠双侧后足跖肿胀度、免疫器官重量及血液流变学的影响。结果 :SING高剂量 (80mg·kg-1)明显抑制AA大鼠双侧后足跖肿胀 ,改善血液流变学 ,但对免疫器官重量无明显影响。SING低剂量 (40mg·kg-1)亦可明显抑制AA大鼠双侧后足跖肿胀度 ,但对血液流变学及免疫器官重量无明显影响。结论 :SING外用对大鼠AA有显著的治疗作用。     

银杏叶提取物对大鼠佐剂性关节炎的治疗作用与机制

目的:考察银杏叶提取物(EGb761)对佐剂性关节炎(AA)大鼠的治疗作用,初步探讨银杏叶提取物治疗AA的作用机制。方法:将大鼠随机分为正常对照组,模型组,雷公藤多苷组,EGb761低、中、高(50,100,200 mg.kg-1)剂量组。弗氏完全佐剂致AA后d 12,大鼠出现继发性炎症,分别灌胃给予雷公藤多苷和EGb761,连续16 d;在不同的时间点检测大鼠继发侧关节肿胀度;致炎d 28处死大鼠,酶联免疫法检测血清中白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-4(IL-4)和白细胞介素-10(IL-10)含量;光学显微镜观察关节病理变化。结果:EGb761可明显减轻继发性AA大鼠足爪的肿胀度;降低大鼠血清中IL-1β和IL-6含量;升高大鼠血清中IL-4和IL-10含量。结论:EGb761对大鼠继发性AA具有显著的治疗作用,其作用机制可能与抑制促炎因子IL-1β和IL-6的产生和释放以及促进抑炎因子IL-4和IL-10的表达相关。     

Effects of pentostatin (2'deoxycoformycin), an inhibitor of adenosine deaminase, on type II collagen-induced arthritis in rats

Pentostatin (2'-deoxycoformycin), a potent inhibitor of adenosine deaminase, was administered therapeutically to rats with type II collagen-induced arthritis and the effects on hindpaw swelling, serum haptoglobin concentration, and anticollagen antibody titer determined. Daily intraperitoneal administration of pentostatin at 10.0 or 1.0 mg/kg/day for three weeks produced significant enhancement of hind-paw swelling and elevation of serum haptoglobin. Continuous subcutaneous infusion of pentostatin at 1.0 or 0.1 mg/kg/day had the same effects. None of the dosing regimens had any effect on anticollagen antibody titer.     

Effects of taurochenodeoxycholic acid on adjuvant arthritis in rats

Taurochenodeoxycholic acid (TCDCA) is one of the main bioactive substances of animals' bile acid. In this study, we aimed to investigate the anti-arthritic effects and potential mechanism of TCDCA on adjuvant arthritis (AA) in rats. Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) was used to induce AA in rats. Paw swelling, index of thymus and spleen and body weight growth rate were measured, and polyarthritis index and radiologic changes were observed. The production of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 was detected by ELISA in serum and synoviocytes. mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 was determined by real-time RT-PCR in synovium tissue and synoviocytes. In both prophylactic and therapeutic treatment, TCDCA significantly suppressed paw swelling and polyarthritis index, increased the loss body weight and index of thymus and spleen, and amended radiologic changes in AA rats. The overproduction and mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 were remarkably suppressed in serum and synovium tissue of all TCDCA-treated rats, however, IL-10 was markedly increased in prophylactic treatment. In a definite concentration ranging from 300 μg/mL to 500 μg/mL, TCDCA showed marked inhibition in the overproduction and mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in synoviocytes in a concentration-dependent manner, but opposite action on IL-10. In conclusion, treatment with TCDCA confers a good anti-adjuvant arthritis activity in rats, which its reparative effects could be mediated via reduction of the protein and mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, and augment of IL-10 in rats.     

Rat haptoglobin: method of quantitation and response to antiarthritic therapy in collagen arthritis

Concentrations of the acute phase reactant haptoglobin were quantitated in the serum of rats using a commercially available antihuman haptoglobin radial immunodiffusion kit. That this antiserum reacted with rat haptoglobin was shown through the techniques of Ouchterlony immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis. Haptoglobin levels were increased seven days after immunization of rats with type II collagen plus incomplete Freund's adjuvant (ICFA) and peaked on day 14. However, even six weeks post-immunization the concentration of haptoglobin was elevated in arthritic rats. A significant correlation was observed between the concentration of serum haptoglobin and the severity of disease (arthritic index) in rats immunized six weeks previously with type II collagen plus ICFA. The effects of antiinflammatory and antirheumatic therapy on arthritic index and serum haptoglobin concentration were determined using a therapeutic dosing protocol. Under these conditions, the known antiarthritic effects of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, steroids and immunosuppressive agents in this model were confirmed. Of these agents, only the nonsteroidal drugs reduced serum haptoglobin; hydrocortisone, cyclophosphamide and azathioprine elevated haptoglobin. Aurothioglucose, auranofin, and chloroquine, members of the class of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, had a general tendency to exacerbate disease, but had minimal effect on serum haptoglobin. D-Penicillamine had little effect on arthritic index and haptoglobin. These results suggest that, while haptoglobin levels do correlate with the intensity of hindpaw swelling, measurement of haptoglobin may not be an accurate indicator of the underlying disease processes in the collagen arthritis model.     

The pharmacology of arachidonic acid-induced rat PMN leukocyte infiltration

Arachidonic Acid (AA) injected into a hindpaw of Lewis rats produces high levels of tissue myeloperoxidase (MPO), a biochemical marker for PMN leukocytes. Treatment with a corticosteroid (prednisolone) or dual 5-LO/CO inhibitors of AA metabolism (phenidone, SKF 86002) produced dose-related inhibition of AA-induced elevations in paw tissue MPO levels. In contrast, administration of high pharmacologic doses of selective cyclooxygenase inhibitors (indomethacin, ibuprofen, naproxen), anti-histamine/serotonin agents (cyproheptadine, chlorpheniramine) or an anti-arthritic gold compound (auranofin) produced only slight or moderate effects. Thus, AA-induced hindpaw inflammation is a useful method for determining pharmacologic effects of 5-LO/CO inhibitors on PMN leukocyte infiltration in vivo.     

重组人内抑素对佐剂性关节炎大鼠成纤维样滑膜细胞周期和PCNA表达的影响

目的观察重组人内抑素(rhEndostatin)对佐剂性关节炎(AA)大鼠成纤维样滑膜细胞(FLS)细胞周期及增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)表达的影响,探讨rhEndostatin抑制AAFLS增殖的分子机制。方法制备AA大鼠模型,应用流式细胞仪分析rhEndostatin对AA FLS细胞周期的影响;分别采用实时荧光定量PCR和Western blot方法,定量分析rhEn-dostatin对AA大鼠滑膜组织PCNA mRNA及蛋白表达的影响。结果与正常组相比,AA FLS G1期细胞减少(P<0.01),S期和G2/M期细胞增加(P<0.01);AA大鼠滑膜组织PCNA mRNA和蛋白表达增加(P<0.05,P<0.01)。与AA模型组相比,rhEndostatin治疗组细胞G1期比例增加(P<0.01),S期和G2/M期细胞比例减少(P<0.01);滑膜组织PCNA mRNA和蛋白表达减少(P<0.01)。结论rhEn-dostatin可引起AA FLS细胞周期G1期阻滞,该作用可能与其抑制AA FLS PCNA表达有关。     

祛风息痛丸对大鼠佐剂性关节炎的治疗作用

目的观察祛风息痛丸对佐剂性关节炎的治疗作用,为其临床治疗类风湿性关节炎提供实验依据。方法建立佐剂性关节炎大鼠模型,采用玻璃容器法测定大鼠原发性和继发性足爪肿胀度。采用酶联免疫吸附试验测定血清白细胞介素1(IL-1)和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNFα)含量。结果祛风息痛丸0.26,0.78和2.34g.kg-1连续灌胃3d显著抑制佐剂性关节炎大鼠原发性足爪肿胀,对致炎后18h的肿胀抑制率分别为21.4%,36.8%和65.0%。同剂量祛风息痛丸连续灌胃30d对佐剂性关节炎大鼠继发性即非致炎侧关节肿胀具有明显的抑制作用,并可明显降低多发性关节炎病变评分,中、大剂量可明显降低血清IL-1和TNFα含量。结论祛风息痛丸对实验性佐剂性关节炎具有治疗作用。     

藏药翁布总苷对大鼠佐剂性关节炎的治疗作用

目的：研究翁布总苷对佐剂性关节炎（AA）大鼠的治疗作用及部分机制。方法：用弗氏完全佐剂（FCA）诱导大鼠AA模型。足容积法测量继发侧足肿胀度,进行关节炎评分,测定AA大鼠血清中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和一氧化氮（NO）的水平,酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）测定脂多糖（LPS）诱导的滑膜腔单核巨噬细胞（AM）产生IL-1、TNF-α和PGE2的水平。结果：致炎后第12天,大鼠继发性关节炎出现,同时灌胃给予不同剂量的翁布总苷及吲哚美辛,连续两周。从第24天起,翁布总苷（1.0、1.5 g/kg）对AA大鼠继发性炎症反应（继发性足肿胀、多发性关节炎）有明显的治疗作用。翁布总苷（1.0、1.5 g/kg）可不同程度纠正AA大鼠血清中低下的SOD水平,降低AA大鼠血清中NO水平,同时降低AA大鼠滑膜腔单核巨噬细胞产生过高的白介素（IL-1）、肿瘤坏死因子（TNF-α）、前列腺素E2（PEG2）。结论：翁布总苷对AA大鼠继发性炎症有治疗作用,其作用机制可能与维持细胞因子网络平衡,减少炎症介质的释放和提高机体抗氧化能力有关。     

重组人内抑素对大鼠佐剂性关节炎继发性炎症的抑制作用

目的　观察重组人内抑素对大鼠佐剂性关节炎 (AA)继发性炎症是否有抑制作用。方法　用足容积测量仪检测足爪容积并对关节炎症程度进行目测评分 ;HE染色检测非致炎侧膝关节的病理改变。结果　福氏完全佐剂 (CFA)致炎后d 1 0 ,继发性炎症出现 ,同时给予不同剂量的内抑素(0 1、0 5、2 5mg·kg- 1 ·d- 1 ,sc) ,连续 7d。结果发现 ,内抑素 2 5mg·kg- 1 对AA大鼠的继发性足肿胀有明显的抑制作用 ;致炎后d 30病理检查显示AA大鼠的关节内滑膜增厚 ,滑膜衬层细胞增生并伴有新生血管形成 ,滑膜细胞有不同程度的脂肪变性 ;软骨及骨遭到破坏 ,且透明软骨内基质降解及新生血管形成。给予不同剂量的内抑素对AA大鼠关节组织的上述病理改变有不同程度的改善作用 ,内抑素 2 5mg·kg- 1 对AA大鼠的关节病理损伤有完全的抑制作用 ,同时可见滑膜组织内大量胶原沉积和滑膜细胞的脂肪变性。结论　重组人内抑素对大鼠佐剂性关节炎的继发性炎症有显著的抑制作用 ,并能阻止关节炎的病理改变