新时期县级妇幼保健机构人力资源管理思考

目的:研究和探讨县级妇幼保健机构人力资源的管理模式。方法:立足于河北省自身实际,从基本现状、面临问题、对策措施三个方面进行分析,探讨如何深化人事制度改革、推动妇幼卫生事业又好又快发展。结果:河北省县级妇幼保健机构卫生管理人员的队伍建设有待提高,人力资源管理机制尚不完善。结论:县级妇幼保健机构要健康发展,除了要有一支高素质的人力资源管理队伍,还需完善人才流动、绩效考核、激励和长期培养机制,才能在激烈的市场竞争中求得生存,实现可持续发展。     

What happened to long-term care in the health reform debate of 1993-1994? Lessons for the future.

During 1993 and 1994, the United States debated but did not enact major health care reform. Although the reform efforts focused on providing health coverage for the uninsured and controlling acute care costs, many proposals included substantial long-term care initiatives. President Clinton proposed creating a large home-care program for severely disabled people of all ages and all income groups, among several other initiatives. By stressing non-means-tested public programs, the president's plan was a major departure from the Medicaid-dominated financing system for long-term care. In designing the long-term care component, the Clinton administration addressed many of the basic policy choices that must be decided in all reform efforts, including whether initiatives should be limited to older people or cover people of any age, how to balance institutional and noninstitutional care, whether to rely on government programs or on the private sector, and how to control costs. Analyzing the political and intellectual history of long-term care during the health reform debate provides lessons for future reform.     

Maternal and child health and health care reform.

Women and children, because of particular characteristics and vulnerabilities, should be afforded special attention in health care reform. Health care reform provides an opportunity to positively affect the maternal and child health (MCH) status. Universal coverage of a comprehensive benefit package must be combined with a strong public health system of population-based services if benefits are to be realized. There must be an accountable public locus of responsibility for promoting MCH, including clear authority and resources for four primary activities: (1) core public health, (2) systems development, (3) coordinated services for children with special health care needs, and (4) access to care.     

荷兰医改及对我国构建整合型健康服务体系的启示

本文介绍了荷兰卫生服务体系概况,重点阐述了荷兰新医改后的全科医生首诊制度、"有管理的竞争模型"健康保险体系、长期照护体系典型政策范例。借鉴荷兰改革经验,提出推进我国卫生服务体系整合实践的策略。建议:以提高全科医生职业吸引力作为改革起点,全科医生队伍建设先行,筑牢改革根基;立法先行、以市场机制作为改革抓手,搭建公共政策规制与市场激励相容的改革框架,形成一套富有管理的、有竞争性、有活力的中国健康保险体系;在积极健康老龄化背景下,以整合理念建设适合我国国情的老年人长期照护体系;承接我国移动互联领域的资源基础,依托智慧治理破解医改难题。     

改革开放以来我国妇幼卫生政策回顾与分析

目的:分析总结改革开放以来的妇幼卫生政策,不断完善现有妇幼卫生政策体系.方法:了解政策产生的背景和目的,对每个政策进行分析归类,根据妇女儿童健康指标的变化,评价政策的作用.结果:三十年妇幼卫生政策的发展历程是主动顺应时代要求、维护妇女儿童健康权益的历程,是党和政府重视、充分体现社会公益性的历程,是围绕妇女儿童生命活动的...     

在社会主义市场经济形势下发展县级妇幼卫生事业的探讨

在社会主义市场经济形势下,对县级妇幼卫生事业如何发展这一问题,笔者从妇幼卫生事业应尽快适应市场经济的需求、转变传统观念、引进企业管理机制、改革人事制度、改革分配制度、改革配套制度等几个方面进行了探讨。     

苏州市妇幼保健信息管理系统的实施与应用初探

目的为全面贯彻国家医药卫生体制改革精神,推进基本妇幼卫生服务逐步均等化,落实重大和基本妇幼卫生服务项目工作,依据2009年中国疾控预防控制中心妇幼保健中心颁发的《妇幼保健信息系统基本功能规范》、《妇幼保健信息系统基本数据集标准》等规范,结合妇幼保健工作实际,研发了苏州市妇幼卫生信息系统。该系统的应用进一步推进了苏州市妇幼卫生信息化建设,较好适应了新形势下妇幼卫生服务与管理的需求,使妇幼卫生事业得到健康协调发展。     

HEALTH CARE REFORM IN THE UNITED STATES: THE CRITICAL ROLE OF MEDICAL EDUCATION

The discussions surrounding health care reform in the United States have involved virtually every aspect of the health care system. Medical education—including its undergraduate and postgraduate components — is very much a part of these deliberations and is an extremely important component of long-term reform in the system as a whole.     

妇幼健康教育档案的管理

健康教育作为妇幼保健的六大功能之一,是妇幼保健事业中贯彻预防为主方针的一项重要措施。随着国家医疗体制改革将健康教育提升到公共卫生事业基础性工作的高度,健康教育工作力度加大,由此产生的健康教育档案也呈现出新的特点。当前,健全健康教育档案管理制度、完成不同载体的完整归档、加强健康教育档案的编研和科学研究,对规范妇幼健康教育档案的科学管理具有重要的意义。     

国际卫生改革经验对我国卫生体制改革的借鉴

通过对国际卫生改革经验的研究,作者建议,我国的基本卫生保健制度改革要立法先行;体现"公平优先、兼顾效率"的原则,确保人人享有公共卫生服务和基本医疗服务;基本卫生保健内容要与具体国情和财力相适应;正确认识政府和市场的作用,实现政府主导与市场机制的有效结合;做好卫生发展规划,发展社区卫生服务,建立健康"守门人"制度;建立社会化的老人照顾体系;拓宽卫生筹资渠道等。     

提高基层妇幼保健院药事管理水平的探讨

目的：探讨如何进一步提高基层妇幼保健院药事管理水平。方法：以县级妇幼保健院药事管理工作的内在要求和意义为基础,分析药事管理工作的内涵、医改背景下加强县级妇幼保健院药事管理的意义以及现阶段药事管理工作面临的困难和问题等诸多要素,并就如何提升县级妇幼保健院药事管理工作水平阐述自己的观点。结果：县级妇幼保健院围绕医改的新形势、新要求持续改进,做好药事管理工作。结论：医改的新形势要求县级妇幼保健院须不断的完善自身建设,促进医院药事管理水平和服务质量的不断提高。     

深化卫生体制改革发展农村卫生事业

农村卫生工作是保障广大农民健康 ,保护农业生产力 ,振兴农业经济和维护农村社会稳定的重要工作。改革开放以来 ,我市的农村卫生工作虽然得到不断加强 ,但相对我市的经济发展水平 ,农村的卫生工作现状已不能与之相适应。为此 ,必须加快农村卫生改革 ,在两年多的改革实践中 ,我们进行了大胆探索 ,成功地推行了农村卫生管理体制改革 ,加强了农村地区的公共卫生、疾病控制、妇幼保健和合作医疗工作 ,走出了一条符合我市实际的农村卫生事业发展的新路子     

我国妇幼卫生健康工作经验国际传播研究与政策建议

新中国成立以来,特别是改革开放以来,我国的卫生健康体系不断发展和完善,妇幼卫生健康工作作为发展最为迅速的领域之一,取得了举世瞩目的成就.文章分析了我国妇幼卫生健康工作经验在国际传播的重要意义,以及现阶段我国妇幼卫生健康工作领域具备的优势.通过"5W"模式理论框架对我国妇幼卫生健康工作经验在国际范围的传播进行分析,为我国...     

What Happened to Long‐Term Care in the Health Reform Debate of 1993–1994? Lessons for the Future

During 1993 and 1994, the United States debated but did not enact major health care reform. Although the reform efforts focused on providing health coverage for the uninsured and controlling acute care costs, many proposals included substantial long-term care initiatives. President Clinton proposed creating a large home-care program for severely disabled people of all ages and all income groups, among several other initiatives. By stressing non-means-tested public programs, the president's plan was a major departure from the Medicaid-dominated financing system for long-term care. In designing the long-term care component, the Clinton administration addressed many of the basic policy choices that must be decided in all reform efforts, including whether initiatives should be limited to older people or cover people of any age, how to balance institutional and noninstitutional care, whether to rely on government programs or on the private sector, and how to control costs. Analyzing the political and intellectual history of long-term care during the health reform debate provides lessons for future reform.     

Proposals to reform the U.S. health care system: a critical review.

The objective is to provide an overview and analysis of the current discussion of ways to reform the U.S. health care system. A common analytic framework is needed to evaluate the alternative approaches that are being advocated. Such a framework, organized around seven general questions, is developed and discussed. The analytic framework is then applied to five specific reform proposals, selected to be representative of the range of options being considered. The results are used to identify the basic choices that are inherent in the current discussion of health system reform. A discussion of the political realities of the health system reform movement in the U.S. concludes that an incremental reform measure will be implemented at the federal level in the near future and that the reform measure will give the federal government increased control over the health care sector. However, the pressure for more fundamental reform will continue to grow.     

高校附属医院城市社区妇幼保健服务模式探讨

目的:探索高校附属医院城市社区妇幼保健服务模式,为公立医院改革提供新思路、新方法。方法:采用便利抽样方法,对辽宁省锦州市区由三级医院管理的某社区395名孕产妇进行问卷调查,分析孕产妇对保健知识和医院社区医疗服务模式的需求。结果:不同社会人口学特征的孕产妇对健康教育知识及健康教育方式的需求均不同。结论:高校附属医院城市社区妇幼保健作为一种新的妇幼保健管理工作服务模式,能增强医院对妇幼保健服务的支持,加快妇幼保健专业人才的培养,强化护理人员对妇幼保健护理的主动服务意识,为促进更加有效的妇幼保健管理模式和公立医院改革提供了新的工作思路和方法。     

Working together for health: NSDA's (Nova Scotia Dietetic Association) submission to the Blueprint Committee on Health System Reform

The Nova Scotia Dietetic Association (NSDA) submitted seven position papers in response to a call for submissions for the Nova Scotia Government's Blueprint Committee on health system reform. The purpose of the submission was to delineate the preferred roles of dietitians/nutritionists in the reformed provincial health system. The position papers addressed the following health issues: primary health care, public health, long-term care, institutional/tertiary care, home care/home based services, health human resources, and healthy public policy. Each position paper included sections on the proposed nutrition planning structure, existing and proposed nutrition delivery structures, and expected outcomes of the proposed nutrition delivery structure. A number of actions associated with NSDA's position papers on health system reform are presented. Meanwhile, members of NSDA are continuing to work for health system reform in a proactive manner.     

2006～2011年云南省各级妇幼保健机构能力建设现状分析

目的:分析2006～2011年云南省各级妇幼保健机构能力建设发展现状,为新医改进程中云南省妇幼保健机构的建设和发展提供依据。方法:通过全国妇幼保健机构年度监测网络直报系统,连续6年收集云南省各级妇幼保健机构资源与运营情况相关数据信息,采用对比分析的方法对云南省各级妇幼保健机构能力建设进行分析。结果:2006～2011年云南省妇幼保健机构在职职工总数、固定资产、业务收入、年门(急)诊人次及出院人次等方面都有较大的增长,增长率分别为18.8%、97.1%、168.7%、60.8%、72.1%。2011年全省平均每所妇幼保健机构以上指标分别为34.5人、450.1万元、262.8万元、29 338人次、624人次。结论:6年来,云南省各级政府和卫生行政部门不断加大对妇幼保健机构的投入,使妇幼保健机构在物力、财力及服务能力方面均有较大提高,但妇幼保健机构缺乏人才,基础设施相对落后,自身服务能力相对薄弱,妇幼保健特点不突出等问题仍然是阻碍云南省妇幼保健机构发展的"瓶颈"。     

The 2017 reform to improve financial sustainability of national health insurance in Estonia: Analysis and first lessons on broadening the revenue base

In 2017, the Estonian government addressed the longstanding challenge of financial sustainability of the health system by expanding its revenue base. As a relatively low-spending country on health, Estonia relies predominantly on payroll contributions from the working population, which exposes the system to economic shocks and population ageing. In an effort to reduce these vulnerabilities, Estonia will gradually introduce a government transfer on behalf of pensioners, although long-term sustainability of the health system could still prove challenging as the overall health spending as a percentage of GDP is not expected to substantially increase. Estonia has rolled out the reform according to plan, but it has led to debate about the need to achieve universal population coverage (currently at about 95%). Moreover, the Estonian experience also holds important lessons for other countries looking to reform their health system. For example, policymakers should recognize that reforms require extensive preparation using consistent messaging over a long period of time, also to prevent prioritising short term and popular fixes over structural reforms. Additionally, collaboration between the health and financial ministries throughout the reform increases the buy-in for the reform and likelihood of adoption. Furthermore, health professionals play a significant role in advocacy, and seeking support from this group can smooth the path towards health system reform.     

适应国家医改新形势 探索军队卫生事业费供应保障模式

军队卫生是国家卫生事业的重要组成部分,随着国家医改工作全面启动,盘活军队卫生资源,改革传统思维定式,提高保障效能,是每位卫生工作者不容回避的现实问题。本文以创新的视角,围绕军队卫生事业费长效增资机制、供应保障模式、稽核管理中心、量化考评指标体系等方面进行了深入探索,并指出了实施中应把握的重点方面。