“劳倦过度、房事不节”肾阳虚小鼠生精功能的改变及金匮肾气丸的治疗作用

目的:以"劳倦过度、房事不节"肾阳虚小鼠为模型,观察肾阳虚小鼠生精功能的改变及金匮肾气丸的治疗作用。方法:用强迫小鼠游泳法造成劳倦过度,以Colldege效应诱导雄性小鼠房事不节,建立肾阳虚小鼠模型。造模给药4周后进行生殖力实验,观察小鼠精子质量的变化。结果:肾阳虚模型组致雌鼠的妊娠率和每窝平均活胎数均明显降低(P<0.05),精子活率和精子密度明显下降(P<0.05),精子畸形率显著升高(P<0.01);金匮肾气丸治疗后,雌鼠的妊娠率和每窝平均活胎数明显升高(P<0.05),精子活率和精子密度明显升高(P<0.05),精子畸形率明显降低(P<0.05)。结论:该肾阳虚小鼠出现了生精功能障碍和生殖功能的衰退,经金匮肾气丸治疗后,改善了肾阳虚小鼠的生精功能,提高了生殖功能。     

金匮肾气丸对腺嘌呤致雄性不育模型大鼠精子质量与性激素含量的影响

目的:观察金匮肾气丸对腺嘌呤致雄性不育大鼠精子质量及性激素含量的影响。方法:30只SD大鼠随机分为空白对照组、腺嘌呤组、金匮肾气丸组。应用自动精子质量分析仪检测实验大鼠的精子质量(精子密度、活率及活动度);同时应用放射免疫法测定血清睾酮(T)、促黄体激素(LH)和促卵泡激素(FSH)的含量;透射电镜观察实验大鼠睾丸组织精子鞭毛密度,支持细胞、精原细胞、初级精母细胞等结构。结果:与腺嘌呤组比较,金匮肾气丸组大鼠肾阳虚症状显著改善,精子密度、活率及活动度明显提高(P<0.05);金匮肾气丸组大鼠血清T含量明显提高(P<0.05),LH、FSH含量降低(P<0.05);电镜下金匮肾气丸组大鼠精子数量明显增多,大鼠睾丸组织受损的支持细胞明显改善。结论:金匮肾气丸可提高腺嘌呤致不育模型大鼠的精子质量,其机制之一可能是通过提高血清中T的含量及保护受损的支持细胞这一间接作用实现的。     

金匮肾气丸对STZ糖尿病模型大鼠免疫功能的影响

目的 观察金匮肾气丸对糖尿病大鼠免疫功能的影响.方法 2月龄雌性SD大鼠分为4组,每组10只:对照组,模型组,金匮肾气丸低、高剂量组.采用STZ诱发大鼠糖尿病模型,测定各组大鼠体质量,血糖,血清TNF-α、IL-6水平,血CD4+、CD8+T细胞计数,以及体外巨噬细胞吞噬率,胸腺、脾指数.结果 与模型组比较,金匮肾气丸组大鼠体质量,血CD4+、CD8+T细胞计数,巨噬细胞吞噬率,胸腺、脾指数明显升高(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);血糖,血清TNF-α、IL-6水平明显下降(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).结论 金匮肾气丸具有增强糖尿病大鼠免疫功能的作用.     

金匮肾气丸对B6.MRL-Faslpr/NJU自发狼疮小鼠抗dsDNA抗体及狼疮性肾炎病理改变的影响

目的研究金匮肾气丸对B6.MRL-Faslpr/NJU自发狼疮小鼠抗ds DNA抗体及狼疮性肾炎病理改变的影响,探讨肾气丸对B6.MRL-Faslpr/NJU自发狼疮小鼠的疗效。方法 B6.MRL-Faslpr/NJU自发狼疮小鼠24只,随机分为金匮肾气丸组、泼尼松组、模型组,分别给予肾气丸、泼尼松、生理盐水灌胃14 d。观测小鼠血清抗ds DNA抗体含量及肾脏解剖病理结果。结果金匮肾气丸组和泼尼松组血清抗ds DNA抗体含量与模型组比较,差异有统计意义(P0.05);金匮肾气丸组与泼尼松组比较,差异无统计意义(P0.05);金匮肾气丸组肾脏组织病理改变较模型组明显改善,与泼尼松组病理表现相似。结论金匮肾气丸对B6.MRL-Faslpr/NJU自发狼疮小鼠有一定的疗效。     

金匮肾气丸对亚急性衰老小鼠逼尿肌SOD活性的影响

目的 :探讨中药经方金匮肾气丸对亚急性衰老小鼠膀胱逼尿肌超氧化物歧化酶 ( SOD)活性的影响。方法 :将 60只昆明种小鼠分为空白对照组、D-半乳糖造模组、金匮肾气丸经方组、干地黄组和金匮肾气丸经方去干地黄组 ,造模后 6周测各组小鼠膀胱逼尿肌的 SOD活性。结果 :三种不同用药组与 D-半乳糖造模组相比 ,小鼠膀胱逼尿肌 SOD活性都有显著性差异 ( P<0 .0 1 ) ,其中金匮肾气丸经方组的 SOD活性值最高 ,与其它用药组相比有显著差异性 ( P<0 .0 1 )。结论 :金匮肾气丸有抗逼尿肌衰老的作用。     

金匮肾气丸治疗2型糖尿病临床观察

目的:探讨金匮肾气丸治疗2型糖尿病的临床疗效.方法:将200例患者随机平均分为对照组和治疗组,对照组采用常.规西药治疗,治疗组在对照组的基础上加服金匮肾气丸.结果:对照组有效率为87.0％,治疗组效率为95.0％.治疗后,治疗组各项观察指标明显优于对照组.结论:金匮肾气丸治疗2型糖尿病有显著的临床疗效.     

金匮肾气丸抗自由基和细胞凋亡的作用

目的　探讨中药经方金匮肾气丸的抗衰老作用及其机制 .方法　 15 mo龄 SD大鼠被随机分为 2组 ,实验组大鼠口饲金匮肾气丸浓缩制剂 3 mo.以大鼠血液 SOD活性水平和 MDA含量以及肾上腺和脑垂体组织的细胞凋亡率作为检测指标进行检测 .结果　连续用药 2 4d后 ,实验组大鼠血液SOD活性水平明显高于对照组 (P<0 .0 5 ) .实验组大鼠血液MDA水平在用药 32 d后明显低于对照组 (P<0 .0 5 ) .以上变化随用药时间的延长呈更显著趋势 (至 48d时均为 P <0 .0 1) .用药 90 d后实验组大鼠肾上腺、脑垂体组织细胞凋亡率明显低于对照组 (肾上腺 :P<0 .0 1;脑垂体 :P<0 .0 1) .结论　金匮肾气丸能够显著提高大鼠血液 SOD活性 ,抑制自由基生成并降低 MDA水平 ,细胞凋亡率显著降低 .这些作用可能是金匮肾气丸抗衰老作用的重要的机制之一     

微波谐振腔体辐射小鼠睾丸对精子形态的影响

成年NIH雄性小鼠,以WKZ-Ⅱ型微波抗生育试验机(频率2450MHz的连续波)局部辐射其睾丸.小鼠分3批,分别接受1次辐射、2次辐射(间隔1周)及假辐射.每次辐射为20min,控制阴囊表面温度在39.0±0.5℃,即睾丸内温度40℃左右.照射后5、8、10、12周将小鼠分批处死,检查附睾中的精子形态.结果表明,无论是1次辐射或2次辐射,精子的畸形率在第5周最高,分别为5.65±2.92%和6.59±5.34%(?±SD),与对照组(2.30±0.77%)相比,均有显著差异(P<0.05),接受1次辐射小鼠精子的畸形率在第8周基本恢复正常,而接受2次辐射组畸形率持续时间较长,至辐射后12周才恢复正常.     

金匮肾气丸中干地黄延缓衰老的作用

目的：探讨干地黄在金匮肾气丸中延缓衰老作用的机制。方法：（1）以果蝇为受试对象,在培养基中分别加入干地黄,金匮肾气丸,金匮肾气丸去干地黄水煎剂,观察对照组及用药组果蝇的寿命。（2）采用D－半乳糖背部皮下注射复制昆明种小鼠亚急性衰老模型,用干地黄,金匮肾气丸,金匮肾气丸去干地黄水煎剂灌胃给药,对照组,模型组给以等量的蒸馏水,观察干地黄等用药组,模型组和对照组血清SOD活性。结果：3种剪剂均有延缓衰老作用（与模型组比较,P＜0．05）,金匮肾气丸延缓衰老作用优于干地黄和金匮肾气丸去干地黄（P＜0．01）,结论：干地黄是作为整体发挥延缓衰老作用的金匮肾气丸中不可缺少的主药。     

金匮肾气丸温补肾阳药理作用的实验研究

目的 研究金匮肾气丸补肾阳药理作用.方法 检测60只大鼠血清激素,对比肾阳虚大鼠血清激素水平.结果 高剂量组(225.54±29.66)低于模型对照组(102.35±28.54),P<0.01;和正常对照组(239.55±25.66)对比,模型对照组血清T水平较低,和模型对照组对比,金匮肾气丸低剂量组(163.75±21.45)血清内T水平较高,P<0.05.结论 金匮肾气丸温补肾阳作用显著.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.