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1.
马艳玲  钱立庭  魏东华 《中国肿瘤》2021,30(12):895-900
摘 要:[目的] 分析2014—2017年安徽省合肥市城市肝癌高危人群筛查依从性(筛查率)及其影响因素。[方法] 采取整群抽样的方法,对合肥市7个区40~74岁常住居民进行癌症危险因素问卷调查和肝癌高危因素评估,对评估出的肝癌高危人群进行抽血甲胎蛋白检测及腹部B超检查,计算肝癌高危人群筛查率。采用χ2检验比较不同特征人群肝癌筛查率差异,采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析肝癌筛查率相关影响因素。[结果] 2014—2017年共78 431名居民完成问卷调查和肝癌高危风险评估,评估出肝癌高危人群14 383人,肝癌高危率为18.34%。共7 165人参加了肝癌筛查,肝癌筛查率49.82%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:女性、少数民族、吸烟、正在饮酒、精神创伤史、慢性乙型肝炎病史、肝硬化病史、脂肪肝病史、胆结石病史、肝癌家族史的肝癌高危人群更易参加肝癌临床筛查(P均<0.05);与2014—2015年度相比,2015—2016年度和2016—2017年度评估出的肝癌高危人群更不易于接受肝癌筛查(P<0.05);体重过轻或肥胖、受教育程度较低以及经常体育锻炼的肝癌高危人群更不易于接受肝癌筛查(P均<0.05)。[结论] 安徽省合肥市肝癌高危人群筛查依从性较低,应进一步完善筛查机制,提高肝癌高危人群筛查依从性,提高筛查效果及防控水平。  相似文献   

2.
摘 要:[目的] 评价2013—2019年河南省城市居民肝癌筛查的结果。[方法] 采取整群抽样的方法,选取河南省40~74岁城市户籍居民进行癌症危险因素调查和肝癌风险评估,并对评估出的肝癌高危人群进行甲胎蛋白(AFP)联合超声检查。采用χ2检验分析不同组间人群的筛查参与率。[结果]本研究共招募36 781名当地肝癌高危人群为研究对象,年龄为(55.20±8.31)岁,男性占48.19%(17 725名);共有17 241名接受了肝癌筛查,总体参与率为46.87%。检出2例疑似肝癌,检出率为0.01%,检出肝占位164例,检出率为0.95%,检出肝硬化106例,检出率为0.61%,检出AFP阳性49例,检出率为0.28%,检出脂肪肝4 848例,检出率为28.12%。男性肝占位检出率(1.19%)均高于女性(0.76%)。[结论] AFP联合超声作为肝癌筛查的手段有助于早期发现肝癌病变。下一步应努力提高人群筛查参与率以及筛查提供方的组织实施和服务能力,提高筛查效益。  相似文献   

3.
杜佳  张艳  郭晴  刘秀 《中国肿瘤》2022,31(11):909-914
摘 要:[目的] 分析2012—2020年重庆城市居民肝癌筛查结果,为肝癌防治工作提供依据和建议。[方法] 动员重庆市40~74岁城市户籍居民自愿参加肝癌危险因素调查和肝癌风险评估,并对评估出的肝癌高危人群联合应用血清甲胎蛋白(AFP)检测和腹部超声检查,分析城市居民肝癌高危率、筛查参与率和肝病变检出率。[结果] 本研究期间共完成问卷调查和高危人群评估352 005人,评估出肝癌高危人群41 800人(高危率11.87%),完成肝癌筛查19 957人(筛查参与率47.74%),检出疑似肝癌8例(检出率0.04%)、肝占位性病变199例(1.00%)、肝硬化92例(0.46%)、AFP阳性286例(1.43%)、脂肪肝5 267例(26.39%)。男性肝占位性病变(1.18%)、肝硬化(0.71%)和脂肪肝(30.92%)检出率显著高于女性(0.86%、0.28%和23.07%);70~74岁组疑似肝癌检出率最高(0.41%)。[结论] 采用AFP检测结合腹部超声检查的筛查手段,有助于及时了解居民肝脏健康状况,早期发现病变。此外,应努力提高居民肝癌筛查参与率,提升项目点县(市、区)的组织、宣传和服务能力,以提高筛查效益。  相似文献   

4.
[目的]分析2013—2018年安徽省淮河流域食管癌高危人群的内镜筛查参与率和病变检出情况及其影响因素,为制定有效筛查策略提供依据。[方法] 2013—2018年间,采用整群抽样方法,对安徽省淮河流域40~69岁常住居民面对面进行健康因素问卷调查和食管癌风险评估,对评估出食管癌高危人群进行临床内镜筛查,比较不同特征对象内镜筛查参与率和病变检出率及其影响因素。[结果] 2013—2018年共筛查发现食管癌高危人群22 096人,高危率为39.55%(22 096/55 868),内镜筛查参与率为41.23%(9 111/22 096),2018年的高危人群食管癌内镜筛查参与率最低,仅为26.22%,多因素Logistic回归模型分析结果显示:女性、中学及以上、不吸烟、肥胖、胃及十二指肠溃疡史、食管炎病史、胃肠炎病史、癌症家族史等高危人群更愿意参加食管癌内镜筛查(P<0.05)。共检出食管癌及癌前病变174例(1.91%)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:与40~44岁人群相比,60~64岁(OR=2.086,95%CI:1.129~3.855)以及65~69岁(OR=2.7...  相似文献   

5.
目的 评价2013—2019年河南省城市地区乳腺癌高危人群筛查依从性并探索可能的影响因素.方法 选取河南省40~74岁城市户籍居民进行癌症危险因素调查和乳腺癌风险评估.对于乳腺癌高危人群,40~44岁者行乳腺超声检查;45岁以上者,行乳腺超声联合X线摄影(钼靶)检查.比较不同特征人群的乳腺癌筛查参与率并分析乳腺癌筛查参...  相似文献   

6.
目的分析2014—2018年浙江省衢州市城市癌症早诊早治项目的高危评估与筛查结果。方法采取整群抽样的方法,以浙江省衢州市为项目点,选取40~74岁常住户籍且具有完全行为能力的居民作为研究对象,通过问卷初筛、确定高危人群并进行临床筛查,计算人群癌症高危率、临床筛查参与率和阳性病变检出率。结果2014—2018年浙江省衢州市共50114人完成高危风险评估,25375人被评估为癌症高危,整体高危率为50.63%,其中男性高危率(57.28%)高于女性(45.36%);60~64岁年龄组人群的高危率最高。各癌种的高危率从高到低依次为上消化道癌(26.24%)、肺癌(23.55%)、肝癌(17.22%)、女性乳腺癌(14.91%)和结直肠癌(12.67%),临床筛查参与率从高到低依次为女性乳腺癌(55.19%)、肝癌(47.47%)、肺癌(46.31%)、上消化道癌(28.26%)和结直肠癌(18.24%),其中男性除结直肠癌筛查参与率高于女性外,其余癌种的筛查参与率均低于女性。各癌种的阳性病变检出率从高到低依次为女性乳腺癌(20.54%)、肺癌(18.04%)、肝癌(3.22%)、结直肠癌(1.73%)和上消化道癌(0.16%),其中,男性肝癌、上消化道癌和结直肠癌阳性病变检出率均高于女性,而肺癌阳性病变检出率低于女性。结论2014—2018年浙江省衢州市城市癌症早诊早治项目中人群参与积极性较好,临床筛查参与率较高,但含侵入性检查项目的结直肠癌和上消化道癌的临床筛查参与率及阳性病变检出率均较低,未来应继续探索适宜的筛查策略,并加强对高危人群的宣教,尤其是男性及60~64岁年龄段的人群,进一步提升癌症筛查效果。  相似文献   

7.
胡军国  孙倩  刘霞霞  黄玥 《中国肿瘤》2023,32(8):610-616
[目的]分析2022年甘肃省武威市城市癌症早诊早治项目筛查情况。[方法]选择在甘肃省武威市居住满3年,年龄在45~74岁之间的人群为筛查对象,分析2022年参与筛查居民的风险评估和筛查数据,计算比较不同性别、不同年龄段筛查人群在高危率、筛查率和阳性病变检出率之间的差异。[结果] 2022年甘肃省武威市共计4 123人完成风险评估问卷调查,人群总体高危率为80.06%。女性人群高危率高于男性人群,55~59岁年龄组人群高危率最高(84.32%);2022年共完成4 998人次5种癌症筛查,各癌种临床筛查参与率从高到低分别为肺癌(91.16%)、乳腺癌(77.64%)、结直肠癌(75.60%)、肝癌(61.80%)、上消化道癌(56.27%);检出阳性病变1 439例,总体检出率为34.90%,各部位阳性病变检出率分别为——肺:63.33%;乳腺:27.88%;肝:13.45%;结直肠:3.29%;上消化道:1.21%。[结论]通过筛查可以及早发现癌前病变和早癌患者,长远来看有利于降低恶性肿瘤的发病率和死亡率。但男性的筛查参与率不如女性,65岁及以上人群筛查参与率较低,提示在今后的工作中应...  相似文献   

8.
摘 要:[目的]分析2014—2019年广西城市癌症早诊早治项目肝癌高危评估、临床筛查和随访结果。[方法] 2014年11月至2019年5月,按照《城市癌症早诊早治项目技术方案》,对广西南宁市西乡塘区、青秀区和兴宁区40~74岁城市居民开展防癌风险评估问卷调查和高危人群评估。评估出的肝癌高危人群免费接受肝癌临床筛查,包括血清乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)、甲胎蛋白(AFP)检测和腹部超声检查。主动随访和被动随访结合,与所在地肿瘤登记数据库和全人口死因监测数据库进行匹配,获得自2014年11月至2019年10月项目所有参与人群累积肝癌发病信息。分析评估对象年龄和性别构成、筛查参与率、肝癌高危率、各年度筛查阳性病变检出率;以性别、年龄、参加肝癌筛查与否分层,比较肝癌高危和非高危组肝癌发生比率。[结果] 完成防癌风险问卷评估180 407人,40~50岁年龄段人群居多,占比39.02%(70394/180407);女性占比55.46%(100061/180407);肝癌高危率26.95%(48623/180407)。肝癌高危人群筛查12834人次,筛查参与率7.11%(12834/180407)。HBsAg阳性1250人次(9.74%,1250/12834),AFP阳性135人次(1.05%,135/12834),肝硬化68例(0.53%,68/12834),肝占位229例(1.78%,229/12834),疑似肝癌5例(0.04%,5/12834)。随访发现参与问卷评估人群发生肝癌113例,其中肝癌高危组17例(0.03%,17/48623),非肝癌高危组96例(0.07%,96/131784)。非肝癌高危组的肝癌发生比率高于高危组,差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.143,P=0.004)。肝癌高危评估预测模型敏感性15.04%,特异性73.04%。[结论] 城市癌症早诊早治项目癌症高危风险评估预测模型对发现肝癌高风险人群有一定作用,结合血清HBsAg检测综合判定可精确定位肝癌高风险人群。  相似文献   

9.
[目的]综合评价2013—2019年河南省城市居民上消化道癌筛查的结果和成本效果。[方法]基于河南省2013—2019年开展的城市癌症早诊早治项目,分析40~74岁城市居民上消化道癌高危率和内镜筛查参与率,采用χ2检验比较不同组间率的差异。同时分析上消化道癌及其癌前病变检出率,测算以检出1例病变的成本为指标的成本效果比。[结果]共进行有效问卷调查282 262人,评估为食管癌或胃癌高危68 651名,高危率为24.32%,其中13 191名接受了内镜检查,内镜筛查参与率为19.21%,共检出上消化道癌31例(检出率为0.24%)和癌前病变386例(检出率为2.93%)。成本效果分析结果显示,筛查检出1例上消化道癌或癌前病变的成本为18 025.46元,其中检出1例上消化道癌的成本达242 471.52元;男性成本效果比小于女性;年龄组越大,成本效果比越小。敏感性分析提示,提高内镜筛查参与率可降低成本效果比。[结论]采用问卷调查浓缩高危人群以及内镜检查策略有助于发现上消化道病变和降低筛查成本,但内镜筛查参与率较低,限制了筛查整体效果和经济学收益,应进一步加强高危人群...  相似文献   

10.
摘 要:[目的]评价2013—2017年度城市癌症早诊早治项目实施情况。[方法] 收集和整理2013—2017年度城市居民高风险评估问卷和临床筛查结果,计算各癌种的高风险率、筛查率、阳性病变检出率。[结果] 2013—2017年度共2 679 670人参与高危风险评估问卷初筛,其中1 140 854人评估为高危人群,高风险率为42.57%。高危人群中共实施临床筛查732 974人次,乳腺癌筛查参与率最高(40.25%),结直肠癌最低(17.25%)。随着项目进展,各癌症筛查参与率呈不同程度增加。2013—2017年度共检出阳性病变数58 208例。临床筛查结果显示各癌种阳性病变检出率依次为22.23%(女性乳腺),11.36%(肺),3.40%(结直肠),2.18%(肝),1.84%(食管),0.47%(胃)。[结论] 城市癌症早诊早治项目是降低城市居民主要恶性肿瘤发病率和死亡率的关键措施,自2012年实施以来,成效显著。  相似文献   

11.
目的 分析 2014—2017 年广西城市癌症早诊早治项目中癌症高危评估和临床筛查结果。 方法 采用整群抽样的方法选取2014年11月至2017年8月广西南宁市西乡塘区和青秀区的40~74岁常住户籍人口为调查对象,以《防癌风险评估问卷》对其进行调查,评估出五大癌症(肺癌、上消化道癌、肝癌、结直肠癌和乳腺癌)高危人群并进行临床筛查,分析各癌种的高风险率、筛查参与率和检出率。结果 共152 630人完成问卷调查和风险评估,癌症高危72 376人(47.62%),其中肺癌、食管癌、胃癌、肝癌、结直肠癌和女性乳腺癌评估的高风险率分别为25.66%、17.39%、26.11%、28.95%、22.19%、32.76%;男性肺癌高风险率高于女性,女性食管癌、胃癌、肝癌、结直肠癌高风险率高于男性。肺癌、乳腺癌、肝癌、结直肠癌、上消化道癌的临床筛查参与率依次为26.42%、25.18%、25.03%、11.31%、7.68%。临床筛查结果显示,疑似肺癌、疑似肝癌、乳腺BI-RADS 4~5级、结直肠癌和上消化道癌的检出率分别为0.58%、0.05%、2.79%、0.13%和0.12%。结论 2014—2017年广西城市癌症早诊早治项目癌症筛查参与率及各癌种阳性病变检出率均不高,需提高区域人群防癌意识和体检筛查参与度,进一步识别癌症高危人群,提高筛查效果。  相似文献   

12.
目的 评价中国城市乳腺癌高危人群筛查依从性并分析与其相关的因素.方法 以2013—2018年中国20个省份开展的城市癌症早诊早治项目中,获得的399869例乳腺癌高危人群资料用于数据分析.所有符合城市癌症早诊早治项目研究条件的参与者均接受风险评估问卷调查以评估患癌风险,并推荐评估结果为乳腺癌高危的人群在项目指定医院进行...  相似文献   

13.
目的 分析湖北省2018—2019年城市癌症早诊早治项目的筛查情况。方法 汇总整理湖北省2018—2019年城市癌症早诊早治项目评估数据及临床筛查数据,分析高风险率、人群筛查参与率和各癌种阳性检出情况。结果 2018—2019年共计评估39 575人,整体高风险率为47.31%。各癌种高风险率分别为肺癌21.10%,女性乳腺癌19.01%,食管癌9.60%,胃癌13.76%,肝癌11.22%,结直肠癌17.38%。阳性病变检出率分别为:肺部6.13%,女性乳腺20.04%,肝脏6.38%,上消化道0.42%,结直肠5.02%。结论 城市癌症早诊早治项目的联合筛查模式,长远来看有利于降低恶性肿瘤发病率和死亡率。为提高项目筛查效果,需进一步提高人群的防癌意识,提高50~64岁年龄段人群的筛查顺应性。  相似文献   

14.
目的 分析2014—2016年合肥市城市居民肺癌筛查率及筛查结果,评价肺癌筛查效果.方法 采取整群抽样的方法,对合肥市7个区40~69岁常住居民进行癌症危险因素问卷调查和肺癌高危因素评估,对评估出的肺癌高危人群进行胸部低剂量螺旋CT检查.分析肺癌高危人群筛查率和检出率.采用主动随访加被动随访统计确诊肺癌数,计算肺癌发病...  相似文献   

15.
We aimed to determine participation in low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) of individuals with a family history of common cancers in a population-based screening program to provide timely evidence in high-risk populations in China. The analysis was conducted using data from the Cancer Screening Program in Urban China (CanSPUC), which recruited 282 377 participants aged 40 to 74 years from eight cities in the Henan province. Using the CanSPUC risk score system, 55 428 participants were evaluated to have high risk for lung cancer and were recommended for LDCT. We calculated the overall and group-specific participation rates using family history of common cancers and compared differences in participation rates between different groups. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals were derived by multivariable logistic regression. Of the 55 428 participants, 22 260 underwent LDCT (participation rate, 40.16%). Family history of lung, esophageal, stomach, liver and colorectal cancer was associated with increased participation in LDCT screening. The odds of participants with a family history of one, two, three and four or more cancer cases undergoing LDCT screening were 1.9, 2.7, 2.8 and 3.5 times, respectively, than those without a family history of cancer. Compared to those without a history of cancer, participation in LDCT gradually increased as the number of cancer cases in the family increased (P < .001). Our findings suggest that there is room for improvement in lung cancer screening given the relatively low participation rate. Lung cancer screening in populations with a family history of cancer may improve efficiency and cost-effectiveness; however, this requires further verification.  相似文献   

16.
Participation of high-risk subjects in colon cancer screening   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
Siblings of colorectal cancer patients are estimated to be three times more likely to develop colorectal cancer. Although these high-risk siblings are appropriate candidates for colon cancer screening, the factors that affect their participation in screening programs are not known. A study was conducted to examine the factors that might influence participation in fecal occult blood test (FOBT) screening by high-risk siblings of recently diagnosed colon cancer patients and nonhigh-risk control siblings. Siblings were mailed a sample FOBT card, a letter informing them of their risk status, and an invitation to participate in the FOBT screening program. They were later interviewed by telephone about their intention to participate in FOBT screening. FOBT cards were returned by 52.2% of high-risk siblings compared with 37.7% of control siblings (P less than 0.005). Only 24.8% of the cancer siblings thought they were more likely to get colon cancer compared with others their own age, and 27.8% thought they were less likely. Perceived risk of cancer and demographic and health-related factors did not predict compliance beyond membership in the high-risk group. Siblings of colon cancer patients are more likely to participate in screening, and efforts to screen them could have a substantial impact on colorectal cancer. More work is needed to identify the factors responsible for compliance so that effective interventions can be developed.  相似文献   

17.
Background and Aims: The National Cancer Screening Program (NCSP) for liver cancer was initiated in 2003 in Korea. The objective of this study was to evaluate the participation rate of the program and to provide preliminary information on its results based on data collected by the NCSP in 2009. Methods: The target population of the NCSP for liver cancer in 2009 was comprised of 373,590 adults aged ≥40 years at high risk for liver cancer. Participation rates and positivity rates were assessed in this population. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the factors associated with participation in the NCSP for liver cancer. Results: The overall participation rate was 37.9% and 1,126 participants were positive at screening. The highest participation rates were observed in women, those in their 60s, National Health Insurance beneficiaries, and individuals positive for hepatitis B surface antigen. Positivity rates for men, those in their 70s, Medical Aid Program recipients and individuals with liver cirrhosis were the highest in the respective categories of gender, age, health insurance type, and risk factor for liver cancer. Conclusions: The participation rates of the NCSP for liver cancer are still low, despite the fact that the program targets a high-risk group much smaller than the general population. Efforts to facilitate participation and to reduce disparities in liver cancer screening among Korean men and women are needed. These results provide essential data for evidence-based strategies for liver cancer control in Korea.  相似文献   

18.
Background: The Korean National Cancer Screening Programme (NCSP) for liver cancer was initiatedin 2003. The objective of this study was to evaluate participation in the NCSP and provide essential evidenceassociated with the screening of Korean adults at high risk for liver cancer. Methods: Liver cancer screeningwas conducted in two stages. During the first, the fraction of the population at high risk for liver cancer wasidentified through detection of the hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis C virus antibodies(anti-HCV Ab). During the second stage, this high-risk population was kept under surveillance to detect livercancers as quickly as possible, and screening participation rates and recall rates were assessed. We estimated the95% confidence intervals (CIs) for all outcome measures. Results: In the first stage, 2.57% (95% CI, 2.47-2.67)of Medical Aid Programme (MAP) recipients tested positive for HBsAg and 3.70% (95% CI, 3.25-4.15) testedpositive for anti-HCV Ab. The total target population for liver cancer screening in 2008 included 433,822 adultsover 40 years of age. Of them, 141,381 (32.6%) participated in the NCSP for liver cancer. Participation rates were34.9% for National Health Insurance (NHI) recipients and 25.2% for MAP recipients. Among participants, 1,139individuals exhibited a positive screening result (recall rate = 0.81%). Conclusions: Our findings demonstratethe current status of liver cancer screening in Korea. They provide evidence for implementing an organised livercancer screening programme among high-risk groups.  相似文献   

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