Hypotensive action of Solanum melongena on normotensive rats

The cardiovascular action of Solanum melongena extract (SME) was investigated using in vivo and in vitro preparations. SME produced dose-dependent hypotensive responses in normotensive albino rats. The duration of response was also dose dependent. In pharmacological antagonist studies, the hypotensive action of SME was proved not to be mediated through the autonomic ganglion, the α-adrenoceptor or the histaminergic receptor. SME worked via the β-adrenoceptor and cholinergic (muscarinic) receptor inducing the hypotensive response. A dose-related attenuation of hypotension with increasing dosages of the β-adrenoceptor blocker, propranolol, and the cholinergic receptor blocker, atropine was observed. In vitro studies indicated that the vasorelaxing and negative inotropic effect of SME might be implicated in the hypotensive response. The activities of the β-adrenergic and acetylcholine receptors mediated by SME in turn promoted vasodilation of the resistant vessels and a reduction in cardiac activity respectively. It is also possible that the hypotensive effect of SME could be accounted for by its influence on the activity of the renin-angiotensin system, since a significant difference of the hypotensive response of SME was obtained with captopril. Furthermore, SME induced diuresis in water-loaded rats which might also account for the hypotensive effect observed. SME could be a very potent hypotensive agent.     

Anticholinergic effects of the methanol stembark extract of Erythrina sigmoidea on isolated rat ileal preparations

The methanol extract of the stembark of Erythrina sigmoidea decreased the tone and spontaneous activity of isolated rat ileal preparations. It was found that at an extract concentration of 4.8 μg/mL, all activity was abolished. Carbachol and acetylcholine were both shown to be partially antagonized by the extract at 4.8 μg/mL. Atropine, the standard muscarinic antagonist had similar effects which were, however, less potent. Sustained spasms provoked by either of the two cholinomimetics were rapidly relaxed to levels below the zero point by small concentrations of the methanol extract as compared to relaxations provoked by atropine.     

非诺贝特胶囊人体相对生物利用度

 目的建立非诺贝特酸简单快速的血浆样品提取方法,比较研究2种进口非诺贝特的人体相对生物利用度。方法血浆样品加内标地西泮和乙腈,涡旋振荡,高速离心,上清液进样分析。采用两制剂二周期自身交叉试验方法,18名健康志愿者分别口服非诺贝特胶囊受试制剂和参比制剂各200mg,HPLC测定血浆非诺贝特酸浓度,DAS软件计算药动学和相对生物利用度。结果非诺贝特在人体内代谢为非诺贝特酸,非诺贝特酸和内标地西泮分离良好,二者的t_R分别4.10和5.40min左右。非诺贝特胶囊受试制剂和参比制剂的峰浓度ρ_max分别为(9.04±1.65)和(9.51±1.77)mg·L^-1;达峰时间t_max分别为(4.61±1.04)和(5.0±0.77)h;半衰期t_1/2分别为(19.75±6.17)和(18.98±5.40)h;血药浓度-时间曲线下面积AUC_0-t分别为(151.96±41.76)和(160.59±50.07)mg·h·L^-1;受试制剂的相对生物利用度F_0-t为(97.5±22.6)%。结论非诺贝特胶囊受试制剂和参比制剂生物等效。     

苯丙醇羟丙基-β-环糊精包合片的生物等效性研究

 目的评价苯丙醇羟丙基-β-环糊精包合片与苯丙醇胶丸的生物等效性。方法采用双制剂双周期交叉实验设计,8只Beagle犬随机分为两组,分别单剂量口服苯丙醇-羟丙基-β-环糊精包合片(受试制剂)和苯丙醇胶丸(参比制剂)各100mg(以苯丙醇计),12d后交叉服药。于给药后0.083,0.25,0.5,1.0,1.5,2,3,4,6,8,12,14,24,36h取血样,0.5mL血浆加入15%高氯酸溶液100μL,涡旋振荡40s,4000r·min^-1离心10min,上清液经0.45μm滤膜过滤后,取20μL进行HPLC分析。流动相为甲醇-双蒸水=60:40,流速为1.0mL·min^-1,色谱柱为Diamond C₁₈柱(4.6mm×250mm,5μm),柱温30℃。紫外检测波长为210nm。结果犬血浆中杂质不干扰样品的测定,犬血浆中苯丙醇质量浓度在0.01287～25.73mg·L^-1内线性关系好(r=0.99999);最低检测质量浓度为0.005mg·L^-1(以S/N≥3计)。参比制剂的t_1/2为(5.68±1.11)h,t_max和ρ_max分别为(0.8±0.5)h和(4.46±0.73)mg·L^-1;受试制剂t_1/2为(4.53±0.72)h,t_max和ρ_max分别为(1.0±0.7)h和(3.05±0.44)mg·L^-1,其相对生物利用度为(104.9±14.0)%。结论所建立方法准确可靠,符合生物样品分析要求;犬单剂量口服受试制剂与参比制剂后,药动学统计数据表明,两种制剂生物等效。     

一测多评技术在3种丹参制剂质量控制中的可行性分析

目的建立一测多评法(QAMS)同时测定3种丹参制剂(丹参片、复方丹参片和冠心丹参胶囊)中丹参酮类成分[丹参酮IIA(TIIA)、二氢丹参酮I(DTI)、隐丹参酮(CT)、丹参酮I(TI)]量,探讨QAMS技术在中药制剂质量评价中的准确性和可行性。方法采用HPLC法测定TIIA、DTI、CT和TI;以丹参片、复方丹参片和冠心丹参胶囊为研究对象,采用QAMS技术,以TIIA为内参物,建立DTI、CT、TI与TIIA之间的相对校正因子(fi/s),比较保留时间差、相对保留值和线性回归定位法对待测成分的定位效果;并用外标法对样品进行定量计算,比较实测值与QAMS计算值之间的差异,以验证其准确性。结果所建立的HPLC法测定TIIA、DTI、CT和TI准确可行;在线性范围内,DTI、CT、TI与TIIA之间的fi/s分别为0.734、0.916、0.774,在不同测试条件下待测成分的fi/s准确可靠;相对保留值法能够对待测成分进行准确定位,DTI、CT、TI与TIIA之间的相对保留值分别是0.314、0.518、0.561,外标法和QAMS测定结果无显著性差异。3种丹参制剂定量测定结果显示不同厂家即使是同一厂家不同批次,产品的内在质量存在一定差异。结论所建立的丹参酮类成分QAMS适用于多种丹参制剂的质量控制,可为其他丹参制剂的质量评价提供参考;同时,应进一步加强对以上3种中药制剂的控制与监管。     

Pharmacological studies on hypotensive and spasmolytic activities of pure compounds from Moringa oleifera

Bioassay directed fractionation of an ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera (MO) leaves resulted in the isolation of four pure compounds, niazinin A (1), niazinin B (2), niazimicin (3) and niaziminin A + B (4 + 5). Intravenous administration of either one of the compounds (1–10 mg/kg) produced hypotensive and bradycardiac effects in anaesthetized rats. Pretreatment of the animals with atropine (1 mg/kg) completely abolished the hypotensive and bradycardiac effects of acetylcholine (ACh), whereas cardiovascular responses to the test compounds remained unaltered, ruling out the possible involvement of muscarinic receptor activation. In isolated guinea-pig atria all the compounds (50–150 μg/mL) produced negative inotropic and chronotropic effects. Each compound inhibited K⁺ -induced contractions in rabbit aorta as well as ileal contractions induced by ACh or histamine at similar concentrations. Spontaneous contractions of rat uterus were also inhibited equally by all compounds. These data indicate that the direct depressant action of these compounds exhibited on all the isolated preparations tested is probably responsible for its hypotensive and bradycardiac effects observed in vivo. Moreover, spasmolytic activity exhibited by the constituents of the plant provides a scientific basis for the traditional uses of the plant in gastrointestinal motility disorders.     

国产盐酸托烷司琼片、胶囊与进口片剂人体生物等效性比较

 目的评价国产盐酸托烷司琼片、胶囊与进口参比制剂是否生物等效。方法男性健康受试者24名,随机分成6组,三交叉po受试制剂和参比制剂各20 mg,在一定时间点取静脉血分离血清,用高效液相色谱紫外检测法测定人血清中托烷司琼浓度,所得数据经BECS软件处理得到主要药动学参数。结果国产盐酸托烷司琼片、胶囊与进口参比制剂托烷司琼的t_max均为(1.7±0.4)h,ρ_max分别为:(36.9±8.9),(36.3±8.9)和(36.1±9.3)μg·L^-1,用梯形法计算所得的AUC_0-t分别为(443±176),(448±196)和(443±191)μg·h·L^-1。对经对数转换后的ρ_max,AUC_0-t进行方差分析和双单侧t检验及90%可信限判断,盐酸托烷司琼片、胶囊的ρ_max落在参比制剂的90.7%-116.2%和89.1%-114.2%内,AUC_0-t落在参比制剂的82.8%-124.0%和82.7%-123.8%内,t_max经非参数检验法检验无显著差异,盐酸托烷司琼片、胶囊AUC_0-t的相对生物利用度分别为(102±9)%和(102±10)%。结论3种制剂具有生物等效性。     

Relaxant effect of ethanol extract of Bacopa monniera on trachea,pulmonary artery and aorta from rabbit and guinea-pig

The relaxant action of an ethanol extract of Bacopa monniera was examined on ring segments of pulmonary arteries (guinea-pig and rabbit), aorta (rabbit) and tracheal preparations (guinea-pig). The plant extract induced relaxation in all the tissues in a dose-dependent manner. Guinea-pig main pulmonary artery was found to be the most responsive to the plant extract, however, complete relaxation was obtained in the tracheal preparations. The relaxant response to the plant extract was unaffected by pretreatment of the blood vessels with either atropine or propranolol, whereas in the tracheal preparations propranolol partially blocked the response. Indomethacin reduced the plant extract-induced relaxation in all the tissues. In blood vessels relaxation induced by the plant extract was not modified in the presence or absence of the endothelial layer. These results suggest that relaxation induced by Bacopa monniera possibly involves prostacyclin compounds (in all the tissues) and β-adrenoceptors (in tracheal preparations). Furthermore, this relaxation is independent of endothelium and muscarinic receptors activation. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Bronchodilator Activity of Aerial Parts of Polygonatum verticillatum Augmented by Anti‐inflammatory Activity: Attenuation of Ca2+ Channels and Lipoxygenase

Polygonatum verticillatum is commonly used for the treatment of asthma and inflammation. The current study was aimed to scrutinize the pharmacological profile of methanolic extract of the aerial parts (PA). Isolated tracheal preparations were used for the evaluation of bronchodilatory activity, whilst the in vivo carrageenan‐induced paw oedema test and an in vitro lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibitory assay were used for the assessment of the anti‐inflammatory profile of PA. When tested against carbachol and K⁺ (80 mM)‐induced contractions, PA caused complete inhibition of isolated rabbit tracheal preparations in a dose‐dependent mode, similar to verapamil. While elucidating possible mechanism, PA shifted the Ca²⁺ concentration–response curves to the right, analogous to that produced by verapamil, confirming a Ca²⁺ channel blocker‐like activity. PA provoked profound reduction in paw oedema with a maximum protection of 60.87% at 200 mg/kg i.p. in a dose‐dependent manner which was augmented by its prominent LOX inhibitory activity (IC₅₀: 125 µg/mL). These findings authenticated its therapeutic potential in the treatment of asthmatic and inflammatory conditions. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

茴三硫片人体药动学与生物等效性研究

 目的建立高效液相色谱法测定人血浆中茴三硫代谢产物的浓度,研究其在人体内的药动学和相对生物利用度,并进行生物等效性评价。方法采用2制剂双周期交叉试验设计。20名男性健康志愿者随机分别服用2种茴三硫片75 mg,采用高效液相色谱紫外法(HPLC-UV),以美洛昔康为内标测定血浆中茴三硫代谢产物去甲茴三硫浓度。采用DAS 2.0.1程序进行药动学参数计算,并对两种制剂作出等效性评价。结果建立血浆去甲茴三硫浓度的反相高效液相色谱测定法。单剂量口服75 mg茴三硫片受试制剂与参比制剂的药动学参数:AUC_0→t分别为(1 074.45±381.54)和(1 159.30±447.82)μg·L^-1,AUC_0→∞分别为(1 289.20±497.36)和(1 339.97±432.22)μg·L^-1;ρ_max分别为(243.89±101.09)和(271.25±128.54)μg·L^-1;t_max分别为(2.24±1.64)和(1.98±1.35)h。AUC_0→t 90%可信限为82.7%～106.4%,AUC_0→∞ 90%可信限为84.2%～107.6%;ρ_max 90%可信限为77.7%～105.7%,t_max经秩和检验无显著性差异(P>0.05),受试制剂与参比制剂以AUC_0→t与AUC_0→∞计算其相对生物利用度分别为(98.4±32.5)%和(100.5±39.7)%。结论经方差分析及双单侧t检验表明:AUC_0→t、AUC_0→∞和ρ_max均接受受试制剂与参比制剂生物等效性的假设,t_max经秩和检验无显著性差异(P>0.05),可判断两种制剂是生物等效的。本实验检测血浆中去甲茴三硫浓度,方法灵敏、准确、简单、快速,可满足药动学和生物利用度试验方法学的要求。     

The effect of carvacrol on muscarinic receptors of guinea‐pig tracheal chains

The effects of three concentrations of carvacrol, the constituent of Zataria multiflora Boiss (a monoterpenoid phenol, C₁₀H₁₄O) and 10 nm atropine on muscarinic receptors were tested on: non‐incubated (n = 7), incubated tracheal chains with propranolol and chlorpheniramine (n = 6) and incubated with propranolol (n = 5). The EC₅₀ of all three concentrations of carvacrol in incubated tissues with propranolol and chlorpheniramine was significantly greater than those of incubated tissues with propranolol and non‐incubated trachea (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). The EC₅₀ of two higher concentrations of carvacrol (0.2 and 0.4 µg/mL) in incubated tissues with propranolol was also significantly greater than those of non‐incubated trachea (p < 0.01 to p < 0.001). The maximum response in the presence of all concentrations of carvacrol in non‐incubated and incubated tissues with propranolol and chlorpheniramine and those of its two higher concentrations (0.2 and 0.4 µg/mL) in incubated tissues with propranolol were lower than saline (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). There were parallel rightward shifts in the concentration–response curves in the presence of all concentrations of carvacrol in non‐incubated and incubated tissues with propranolol and its lower concentration in incubated tissues with propranolol and chlorpheniramine. These results indicated an inhibitory effect of carvacrol on muscarinic receptors. A β‐adrenoceptor stimulatory effect was also suggested for carvacrol. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

雷公藤制剂指纹图谱及谱效关系研究

采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)建立7个厂家雷公藤多苷片醋酸乙酯提取物的指纹图谱,得到11个共有峰,各厂家指纹峰种类和含量差异较大.选择Con A刺激的小鼠脾淋巴细胞模型进行药效学研究,分别给予30,15,7.5,3.75,1.88,0.94mg·L-1的雷公藤多苷片提取物进行处理,48 h后测定各药物对小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖的作用,发现各厂家的雷公藤多苷片均对小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖有显著抑制作用(P＜0.05),并呈剂量依赖性,且各厂家雷公藤制剂对小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖的作用的IC50值差异较大.选择灰色关联度分析法分析指纹图谱与增殖抑制药效数据的关系,发现各指纹峰与药效的关联度均大于0.6,表明雷公藤增殖抑制药效是多成分共同起效的结果,其中5号峰与10号峰对增殖抑制作用贡献最大,各共有峰与药效之间关联序为5＞10＞8＞7＞6＞11 ＞4＞9＞2＞3＞1.该文初步探讨了雷公藤的物质基础,为明确雷公藤的作用机制,建立更加全面可靠的质量控制方法提供理论依据与数据支持.     

Pharmacological activity of a procyanidin isolated from Sclerocarya birrea bark: Antidiarrhoeal activity and effects on isolated guinea-pig ileum

The antidiarrhoeal activity of a procyanidin isolated from the bark of Sclerocarya birrea was studied, using four models of experimentally induced diarrhoea in rats. The cathartic agents used were: magnesium sulphate, castor oil, arachidonic acid and prostaglandin E₂. At doses of 150 mg/kg, the procyanidin showed antidiarrhoeal activity in all the models of experimentally induced diarrhoea. The procyanidin (2.5 μg/mL-0.64 mg/mL) dose-dependently inhibited the phasic contractions of the isolated guinea-pig ileum spontaneous activity; this inhibition was significantly reduced by hexamethonium (10^?4 M ). It also modified the dose-response curves to acetylcholine in a non-competitive way, and relaxed, in a dose-dependent manner, the contractions induced by acetylcholine (10^?7 M ) and KCI (50 mM ), being five times more potent against acetylcholine. The procyanidin modified the biphasic mechanical response evoked by acetylcholine (10^?7 M ) in isolated guinea-pig ileum, inhibiting the phasic response more profoundly than the tonic one. It is concluded that the antidiarrhoeal activity of the procyanidin isolated from S. birrea bark is related to an inhibition in intestinal motility. The way in which it produces this inhibition can be related to an interference with the subsequent events evoked after muscarinic stimulation.     

双氯芬酸钠脂质体凝胶的制备及其药动学和刺激性评价

 目的制备双氯芬酸钠(DS)脂质体凝胶,考察其肌注后家兔体内的血药浓度经-时过程及对肌肉的刺激性。方法醋酸钙梯度法制备DS脂质体,再以泊洛沙姆407为基质制成脂质体凝胶剂;家兔分别肌注DS溶液、DS凝胶、DS脂质体及DS脂质体凝胶后,HPLC检测血药浓度;并以血浆肌酸激酶(CPK)变化和给药部位的组织病理改变对肌肉刺激性进行评价。结果制得DS脂质体粒径为40.2nm,平均包封率为81.2%;与DS溶液剂相比,肌注DS凝胶、DS脂质体及DS脂质体凝胶后t_max推迟,ρ_max降低,MRT,t_1/2延长,AUC增加,其中肌注DS脂质体凝胶后的t_max,MRT,t_1/2和AUC相应延长了11.76,3.86,3.02和1.40倍,而ρ_max仅为溶液组的36.2%,且该制剂能显著降低DS肌注后所致的CPK活性升高和病理性损伤。结论脂质体凝胶制剂是DS肌注给药的优良载体。     

Selective modulatory effects of the essential oil of Croton zehntneri on isolated smooth muscle preparations of the guinea-pig

The effects of the essential oil of the plant Croton zehntneri (EOCz) in the concentration range 1–200 μg/mL were studied on the mechanical activity of various in vitro smooth muscle preparations of the guinea-pig. In isolated ileum EOCz induced a variable response such that in 57% of tissues basal tone was reduced (EC₅₀ 5 μg/mL) whereas the rest remained unaffected by the oil. In concentrations above 10 μg/mL EOCz induced spontaneous oscillatory contractions in all preparations. In contrast the basal tone of the aorta, portal vein and bladder remained unaltered by the oil. In the portal vein EOCz concentration-dependently inhibited the amplitude of spontaneous contractions (IC₅₀ 109 μg/mL) without reducing frequency, whereas in the bladder such activity was increased by the oil (EC₅₀ 44 μg/mL). In ileum precontracted with 60 mM KCl, EOCz induced a complete and concentration-dependent relaxation with an IC₅₀ value of approximately 26 μg/mL. In contrast EOCz did not relax KCl-induced tone in the aorta or bladder, whilst eliciting less than 20% relaxation of the precontracted portal vein. Thus our data show that EOCz exerts differential modulatory effects on the contractility of various smooth muscles of the guinea-pig. That EOCz appears to selectively relax intestinal smooth muscle may support its use in folk medicine as a gastrointestinal antispasmodic. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

盐酸金刚乙胺颗粒人体生物等效性研究

 目的用高效液相色谱-质谱法(LC-MS)测定受试者口服盐酸金刚乙胺制剂后的血药浓度,估算受试制剂和参比制剂的药动学参数,评价两种制剂的生物等效性和相对生物利用度。方法采用随机二交叉设计试验,20例男性健康志愿受试者,单剂量口服受试制剂盐酸金刚乙胺颗粒和参比制剂盐酸金刚乙胺片。以LC-MS测定血浆中金刚乙胺的浓度。采用BAPP3.0软件处理计算主要药动学参数。结果受试制剂和参比制剂血浆中金刚乙胺的t_1/2分别为(26.46±4.48)和(27.41±4.42)h;ρ_max分别为(84.5±17.7)和(93.1±17.8)μg·L^-1;t_max分别为(4.08±2.86)和(4.70±3.59)h;AUC_0-120h分别为(3204±691)和(3450±724)μg·h·L^-1;AUC_0-∞分别为(3395±767)和(3661±820)μg·h·L^-1;人体相对生物利用度为(93.4±10.8)%。结论2种制剂在健康人体内具有生物等效性。     

The effects of commercial preparations of herbal supplements commonly used by women on the biotransformation of fluorogenic substrates by human cytochromes P450

The study set out to determine the potential for commercially available preparations of black cohosh (Actaea racemosa), chaste tree berry (Vitex agnus‐castus), crampbark (Viburnum opulus) and false unicorn (Chamaelirium luteum) to inhibit the major human drug metabolizing enzymes CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 as well as CYP1A1 which activates some carcinogens. In vitro microplate‐based assays using cDNA‐expressed CYP450 isoforms and fluorogenic substrates were used. Components of the commercial herbal preparations interfered with the assays and limited the concentration ranges that could be tested. Nevertheless, the fluorogenic assays were robust, reproducible and easy to perform and thus are still useful for initial screening for potential herb – drug interactions. None of the preparations affected CYPs 1A1 or 2C9 at the concentrations tested but all preparations inhibited some of the enzymes with potencies around 1 μg/mL. The three most potent interactions were: chaste tree berry and CYP2C19 (IC₅₀ 0.22 μg/mL,); chaste tree berry and CYP3A4 (IC₅₀ 0.3 μg/mL); black cohosh and CYP2C19 (IC₅₀ 0.37 μg/mL,). Thus, the study successfully identified the potential for the commercial herbal preparations to inhibit human drug metabolizing enzymes. Whether this potential translates into clinically significant herb – drug interactions can only be confirmed by appropriate in vivo studies. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Bioactive substances from the Chinese daffodil,Narcissus tazetta

The cardiovascular activity of the aqueous (A) and 30% MeOH (B) fractions of an ethanol extract of the daffodil bulbs (Narcissus tazetta) was examined using in vivo and in vitro preparations of normotensive rats and in the presence/absence of various blockers: α, β-adrenergic, cholinergic, ganglionic, histaminergic, enzyme converson inhibitor, calcium channel. These fractions (A and B) produced similar dose-dependent hypotensive responses in the anesthetized animals. The responses induced by fraction B might be mediated via adrenergic and cholinergic receptor activation. In isolated atrial preparations, fraction A increased the atrial rate (+ ve chronotropism) but not the atrial tension (inotropism). Fraction B, however, produced negative chronotropic but positive inotropic responses. Fraction B had no effect on the untreated tail vascular smooth muscle but increased the tension on AVP-preconstricted helical strips. It is suggested that the daffodil bulb contains cardiovascular active substances, the sum total of the effects produced accounts for the hypotensive action. It is further shown that these substances are distinct from those of well-documented antimitotic narciclasine.     

对乙酰氨基酚薄膜包衣异型片的药代动力学及生物利用度研究

 目的:研究了10名男性健康志愿者单剂量po两种对乙酰氨基酚(扑热息痛)异型片500 mg的药代动力学和相对生物利用度?方法:按照随机交叉试验设计,采集服药后0.5,1,1.5,2,3,4,6,8,10 h的血样本,用HPLC测定扑热息痛的血药浓度?结果:两种制剂的药-时曲线符合口服吸收有滞后时间的一级动力学一室模型?受试制剂扑热息痛薄膜包衣异型片(康司达)的主要药代动力学参数:c_max=(5.51±1.24)mg·L^-1,t_max=(1.03±0.43)h,t_1/2ka=(0.27±0.16)h,t_1/2ke=(2.60±0.51)h,AUC_0～∞=(34.91±7.96)mg·h·L^-1,MRT=(3.65±0.22)h?参比制剂(必理通)的主要药代动力学参数:c_max=(5.81±1.01)mg·L^-1,t_max=(0.88±0.32)h,t_1/2ka=(0.14±0.07)h,t_1/2ke=(2.71±0.93)h,AUC_0～∞=(33.14±5.67)mg·h·L^-1,MRT=(3.60±0.10)h?两种片剂药代动力学参数(除t_1/2ka值外)均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论：受试制剂相对于参比制剂的生物利用度为(108.29±22.15)%,受试制剂(康司达)与参比制剂(必理通)生物等效。     

乌拉地尔缓释胶囊相对生物利用度和体内外相关性研究

 目的　对乌拉地尔缓释胶囊进行相对生物利用度和体内外相关性研究。方法　采用反相高效液相色谱法测定24名健康志愿受试者单剂量和多剂量口服乌拉地尔缓释胶囊供试制剂与参比制剂后乌拉地尔血药浓度的变化。用3P97药动学程序处理试验数据,并对试验结果进行方差分析和双单侧t检验;体外释放度采用中国药典2000版二部的转篮法。结果 单剂量试验乌拉地尔的相对生物利用度为:(96.37±13.77)%;两种制剂乌拉地尔的药-时曲线下面积(AUC_0→t)分别为:(2347.6±493.2),(2458.9±526.5 )ng·h·mL^-1;达峰时间(t_max)分别为:(4.17±0.28),(4.23±0.29)h;峰浓度(c_max)分别为:(325.6±40.3),(322.0±75.5 )ng·mL^-1。多剂量试验乌拉地尔的相对生物利用度为:(99.99±16.24)%;两种制剂乌拉地尔的药-时曲线下面积(AUC_0→t)分别为:(4513.1±1372.7) ,(4549.7±1308.8)ng·h·mL^-1;稳态达峰时间(t_max)分别为:(4.00± 0.49),(4.08±0.43)h;稳态峰浓度(c_max)分别是 :(544.5±147.1),(565.7±146.8)ng·mL^-1;波动度DF分别是(91.22±14.07)%,(84.53±26.10)%。体外12h平均累积释放86.33%和87.35%。结论　对单剂量口服两种制剂后的lnAUC_0→∞,lnAUC_0→t,lnc_max经双单侧t检验，t_max经秩和检验进行生物等效性评价，表明两者为生物等效制剂，且乌拉地尔缓释胶囊的体内吸收与体外释药有良好的相关性(P<0.05)。