小细胞和非小细胞肺癌晚期患者NK细胞表达的差异

目的:探索小细胞和非小细胞肺癌晚期患者NK细胞是否存在差异,并为治疗提供参考。方法:选取肺癌晚期患者共65例,其中包括小细胞肺癌14例,非小细胞肺癌51例以及20例健康对照。用流式细胞仪检测研究对象外周血淋巴细胞表面CD3-CD16+CD56+的表达情况。结果:小细胞肺癌晚期的患者较健康对照NK细胞显著升高;非小细胞肺癌晚期的患者较健康对照NK细胞无显著变化;肺癌晚期患者外周血NK细胞表达的百分比与CD4+T细胞表达的百分比呈负相关性。结论:小细胞肺癌晚期患者NK细胞升高,天然免疫可能成为已严重受损的细胞免疫的有力补充,但有待于进一步的研究。     

miRNA-124 down-regulates SOX8 expression and suppresses cell proliferation in non-small cell lung cancer

Non-small lung cell carcinoma (NSCLC) is a leading lethal disease and a global health burden. The function of the Sex determining region Y (SRY)-related high mobility group box (SOX) family gene in cancer has attracted the attention of more and more scientists recently, yet there are few reports regarding the role of SOX in NSCLC. Our study aimed to investigate the expression of SOX8, a protein belonging to the E group of the SOX family, as well as SOX9, in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the relationship of gene expression to clinicopathological factors and prognosis in patients. Immunohistochemical analysis was used to measure the expression of SOX8 in 80 NSCLC and 7 adjacent normal tissues. SOX8 expression was detected as elevated in tumor samples and correlated to tumor size (P < 0.001), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.001), differentiation classification (P = 0.015), and clinical stage (P = 0.013) significantly. Moreover, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated that shorter survival time for patients who had higher SOX8 expression (P < 0.001). In addition, our experiments indicate that miRNA-124 functions as a tumor suppressor in NSCLC. We also demonstrate miRNA-124 directly targeted and decreased SOX8 in NSCLC cell lines, suggesting smiRNA-124 may regulate NSCLC cell proliferation via decreasing SOX8 (oncogenicity of biomarker in NSCLC).     

miRNA-124 down-regulates SOX8 expression and suppresses cell proliferation in non-small cell lung cancer

Non-small lung cell carcinoma (NSCLC) is a leading lethal disease and a global health burden. The function of the Sex determining region Y (SRY)-related high mobility group box (SOX) family gene in cancer has attracted the attention of more and more scientists recently, yet there are few reports regarding the role of SOX in NSCLC. Our study aimed to investigate the expression of SOX8, a protein belonging to the E group of the SOX family, as well as SOX9, in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the relationship of gene expression to clinicopathological factors and prognosis in patients. Immunohistochemical analysis was used to measure the expression of SOX8 in 80 NSCLC and 7 adjacent normal tissues. SOX8 expression was detected as elevated in tumor samples and correlated to tumor size (P < 0.001), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.001), differentiation classification (P = 0.015), and clinical stage (P = 0.013) significantly. Moreover, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated that shorter survival time for patients who had higher SOX8 expression (P < 0.001). In addition, our experiments indicate that miRNA-124 functions as a tumor suppressor in NSCLC. We also demonstrate miRNA-124 directly targeted and decreased SOX8 in NSCLC cell lines, suggesting smiRNA-124 may regulate NSCLC cell proliferation via decreasing SOX8 (oncogenicity of biomarker in NSCLC).     

非小细胞肺癌中EGFR基因突变与ERCC1、Ki-67表达及临床病理特征的关系

目的：探讨非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)中EGFR基因突变与切除修复交叉互补基因1(excision re-pair cross-complementation group 1, ERCC1)、Ki-67蛋白表达及其临床意义。方法采用DNA测序法检测EGFR基因突变,免疫组化EnVision法检测ERCC1、Ki-67蛋白表达,分析与临床病理特征的关系。结果 EGFR 基因突变率为49．1%(143/291),多见于女性、不吸烟、腺癌患者。 EGFR基因突变在腺癌的不同亚型中差异有显著性(P=0．008);EGFR基因突变组肿瘤直径的中位数小于野生型组(P=0．020);EGFR基因突变与患者年龄、淋巴结有无癌转移无相关性(P>0．050);鳞状细胞癌中ERCC1阳性率高于腺癌(P=0．039)。 Ki-67表达与肺癌分化程度有关,低分化高于高、中分化(P=0．010);ERCC1、Ki-67表达与EGFR基因突变无相关性(P>0．050)。结论 EGFR基因突变与NSCLC患者性别、组织学类型、分化程度等相关,存在多种突变。 EGFR基因突变与ERCC1、Ki-67表达无相关性。     

PTEN and Ki67 expression is associated with clinicopathologic features of non-small cell lung cancer

Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10（PTEN） and the proliferating antigen Ki67 have been widely studied in several tumors.However,their role as indicator in non-small cell lung cancer（NSCLC）remains unknown.Here,we investigated the expression of PTEN and Ki67 in NSCLC tissues and paired normal lung tissues to identify whether these proteins are associated with lung cancer development and survival.Immunohistochemistry for PTEN and Ki67 was performed on 67 lung cancer tissues and 41 paired adjacent normal lung tissues to detect the expression of these two proteins.The expression of PTEN in NSCLC tissues（32.8%） was significantly lower than that in normal tissues（82.9%,P 〈 0.05）.In contrast,the expression of Ki67 in NSCLC tissues（76.1%） was significantly higher than that in normal tissues（27.3%,P 〈 0.05）.Expression of both PTEN and Ki67 were strongly associated with tumor histology,clinical stage,lymph node metastasis,differentiation and4-year postoperative survival rate（P 〈 0.05）.However,PTEN expression was negatively correlated with Ki67 expression（r =-0.279,P 〈 0.05）.In conclusion,low PTEN expression and Ki67 overexpression are associated with malignant invasion and lymph node metastasis of NSCLC.These proteins may serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of NSCLC.     

Clinicopathological significance of PTEN and PI3K/AKT signal transduction pathway in non-small cell lung cancer

A high frequency of mutations at the PTEN locus has been noticed in carcinoma of lung. However, the role of PTEN alternations and its association with outcome variables in the genesis of lung carcinoma are not understood fully. The purpose of our study was to examine the impact of EGFR, TGF-α, P-AKT and PTEN in the genesis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Total numbers of 66 histopathologically confirmed cases of NSCLC and 10 cases of benign control samples embedded with wax were studied. We assessed EGFR, TGF-α and P-AKT by the use of specific antibody through immunohistochemistry as directed by the manufacturer, and detected PTEN expression by in situ hybridization. There were progressive loss of PTEN expression and significant increasing in EGFR, TGF-α, P-AKT expression from benign samples to NSCLC (p<0.05). The overexpression of EGFR, TGF-α, P-AKT and loss of PTEN expression were correlated to differentiation extent of cancer tissue, metastasis of lymph nodes and histological classification. Thus, alteration of EGFR, TGF-α, P-AKT and PTEN are likely important molecular events in pathogenesis and carcinogenesis of NSCLC.     

Loss of ARID1A expression is associated with poor prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer

Adenine-thymine-rich inactive domain-containing protein 1A (ARID1A) is a large subunit of the switch-sucrose nonfermenting (SWI-SNF) complex. ARID1A is considered to be a tumor suppressor in various cancers. We investigated the clinicopathological significance including prognosis of ARID1A expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). ARID1A expression was studied by tissue microarray immunohistochemical analysis of 171 surgically resected NSCLC specimens including adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) on tissue microarray. Semiquantitative immunohistochemical score was obtained by multiplying the intensity and percentage scores. The overall score was further simplified by dichotomizing into either negative (score < 4) or positive (score ≥ 4) for each patient. The ARID1A-negative group revealed significantly higher correlations with male sex (p = 0.020), larger tumor size (p = 0.007), SCC than with ADC (p = 0.023) and smoking (p = 0.001). Univariate survival analysis showed that the ARID1A-negative group had a significantly shorter cancer specific survival than the ARID1A-positive group (p = 0.018). Multivariate survival analysis showed that ARID1A negativity (p = 0.022) were independent prognostic factors related with shorter cancer specific survival for NSCLC. In conclusion, Loss of ARID1A expression is a potential molecular marker to predictive of poor prognosis of NSCLC.     

非小细胞肺癌患者外周血Foxp3+调节性T细胞和Th17的检测与临床意义

目的 通过检测非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者外周血Foxp3+调节性T细胞(TrFoxp3+)、Th17细胞、TrFoxp3+/Th17及相关细胞因子水平,探讨TrFoxp3+、Th17细胞在肺癌发生发展中的相互作用以及是否存在TrFoxp3+/Th17失衡.方法 采用流式细胞术和酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)分别检测18例健康人、26例NSCLC患者外周血中TrFoxp3+、Th17细胞占CD4+T细胞的比例,以及转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)、IL-17、IL-23的表达水平.结果 NSCLC患者外周血中TrFoxp3+、Th17细胞比例、TrFoxp3+/Th17高于健康对照组(P＜0.05).NSCLC患者外周血TrFoxp3+与Th17细胞成正向直线相关的关系(r=0.81,P＜0.05).不同TNM分期肺癌患者外周血TrFoxp3+/Th17:Ⅳ期肺癌患者高于Ⅰ～Ⅱ期、Ⅲ期肺癌患者(P＜0.05).NSCLC患者血清中TGF-β、IL-17、IL-23水平高于健康对照组,TGF-β在晚期组/健康对照组的比值高于早中期组/健康对照组的比值(P＜0.05).结论 NSCLC患者外周血中TrFoxp3+、Th17细胞比例及TrFoxp3+/Th17较健康人升高,且晚期患者TrFoxp3+/Th17明显升高,提示NSCLC患者可能存在TrFoxp3+/Th17比例失衡,导致肿瘤患者免疫抑制,促进肿瘤发生、发展,可能与二者的细胞因子调节有关.     

Brk在非小细胞肺癌中的表达及与Ki67表达的关系

目的探讨乳腺肿瘤激酶(breast tumorkinase,Brk)在非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lungcancer,NSCLC)的表达及与临床病理因素,Ki67表达之间的关系。方法采用免疫组织化学S-P法检测105例NSCLC及相应癌旁正常肺组织中Brk和Ki67的表达,采用Western Blot方法检测30例新鲜肺癌组织及其癌旁正常肺组织中Brk的表达情况。结果 Western Blot结果显示NSCLC中Brk蛋白表达水平显著高于癌旁正常肺组织(P<0.01)。免疫组织化学结果发现Brk在NSCLN的细胞浆阳性率为51.4%(54/105),明显高于其在癌旁正常肺组织的细胞浆阳性率18.1%(19/105,P=0.003)。Brk在NSCLC细胞浆的阳性表达与肿瘤的大小(P=0.042),淋巴结转移(P=0.012),TNM分期(P=0.042)正相关;Ki67的表达与肿瘤的大小正相关(P=0.033);Brk在细胞浆中的表达与Ki67表达呈正相关(r=0.217,P=0.026)。结论 Brk在NSCLC的细胞表达上调,与肿瘤大小,淋巴结转移,TNM分期正相关;Ki67表达与肿瘤的大小正相关;Brk与Ki67的协同表达可能是促进NSCLC进展的重要因素。     

小细胞和非小细胞肺癌晚期患者CD3~+ CD4~+及CD3~+ CD8~+T淋巴细胞亚群的差异

目的:探索小细胞和非小细胞肺癌晚期患者CD3+CD4+及CD3+CD8+T淋巴细胞亚群是否存在差异,并为治疗提供参考。方法:选取肺癌晚期患者共65例,其中包括小细胞肺癌14例,非小细胞肺癌51例以及20例健康对照。用流式细胞仪检测研究对象外周血淋巴细胞表面CD3+CD4+及CD3+CD8+的表达情况。结果:CD3+CD4+T细胞所占比例无论是小细胞还是非小细胞肺癌晚期的患者都较健康对照显著降低;CD3+CD8+T细胞所占比例在肺癌晚期的患者较健康对照并无显著变化;CD4+/CD8+比值在小细胞肺癌晚期患者较健康对照显著下降。结论:无论是小细胞还是非小细胞肺癌晚期的患者CD3+CD4+T细胞的水平较健康人都显著降低,说明肺癌晚期患者细胞免疫功能严重受损。     

Centrosome abnormalities in non-small cell lung cancer: correlations with DNA aneuploidy and expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins

The aims of this study were to investigate centrosome abnormalities in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and to assess their relationship with DNA aneuploidy, the expression of the cell cycle-associated proteins, and clinicopathological profiles. Tissue microarrays were constructed from 175 NSCLCs. We analyzed centrosome abnormalities and the expression of p16^INK4a, p53, and pRb using immunohistochemistry. Centrosome abnormalities were noted in 29% of the tumors and were even observed in the normal cells adjacent to the tumor. The frequency of DNA aneuploidy was significantly higher in the tumors containing centrosome abnormalities than in the tumors with a normal centrosome. p16^INK4a expression and loss of pRb expression, but not p53 expression, were significantly associated with centrosome abnormalities. Clinically, centrosome abnormalities were not found to have any prognostic value for NSCLCs. These results suggest that centrosome abnormalities may be associated with inactive pRb-pathway and contribute to pulmonary carcinogenesis by the level of increasing chromosome instability.     

FER overexpression is associated with poor postoperative prognosis and cancer-cell survival in non-small cell lung cancer

Here, we show that overexpression of fer tyrosine kinase (FER), a non-receptor tyrosine kinase, predicts poor postoperative outcome and might be involved in cancer-cell survival in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Systematic screening using in silico analyses and quantitative RT-PCR revealed that FER was overexpressed in about 10% of NSCLC patients. Evaluation of FER expression using immunohistochemistry (IHC) on tissue microarrays was consistent with the mRNA level detected using quantitative RT-PCR. In analyses of 135 NSCLC patients who had undergone potential curative resection, we found that FER overexpression detected using IHC had no association with clinicopathological features such as age, sex, smoking history, histological type, disease stage, T factor, N factor, adjuvant chemotherapy history, or EGFR mutation, but was correlated with poor postoperative survival periods. A multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that this prognostic impact was independent of other clinicopathological features. In functional analyses of FER in vitro, FER exhibited a transforming activity, suggesting that it possesses oncogenic functions. We also found that human lung cancer NCI-H661 cells, which exhibited FER-outlier expression, were led to apoptosis by the knockdown of FER using RNA interference. FER overexpression might serve as a prognostic biomarker and be involved in cancer-cell survival in NSCLC.     

Prognostic value of CD44 expression in non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review

Background: CD44 is a potentially interesting prognostic marker and therapeutic target in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Although the expression of CD44 has been reported to correlate with poor prognosis of NSCLC in most literatures, some controversies still exist. Since the limited patient numbers within independent studies, here we performed a meta-analysis to clarify the correlations between CD44 expression and prognosis and clinicopathological features in NSCLC. Methods: Relevant literatures were identified using PubMed, EMBASE and CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) databases (up to February 2014). Data from eligible studies were extracted and included into meta-analysis using a random effects model. Studies were pooled. Summary hazard ratios (HR) and clinical parameters were calculated. Results: We performed a final analysis of 1772 patients from 23 evaluable studies for Prognostic Value and 2167 patients from 28 evaluable studies for clinicopathological features. Our study shows that the pooled hazard ratio (HR) of overexpression CD44-V6 for overall survival in NSCLC was 1.63 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.20-2.21] by univariate analysis and 1.29 (95% CI: 0.71-2.37) by multivariate analysis.The pooled HR of overexprssion panCD44 for overall survival in NSCLC was 1.53 (95% CI: 0.58-4.04) by univariate analysis and 3.00 (95% CI: 1.53-5.87) by multivariate analysis. Overexpression of CD44-V6 is associated with tumor differentiation (poor differentiation, OR = 1.66, 95% CI: 1.12-2.45), tumor histological type [squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), OR = 2.6, 95% CI: 1.63-5.02], clinical TMN stage (TMN stage III, OR = 2.22, 95% CI: 1.44-3.43) and lymph node metastasis (N1-3, 3.52, 95% CI: 2.08-5.93) in patients with NSCLC. However, there was no significant association between CD44-V6 and tumor size [T category, OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 0.73-2.78]. Conclusion: Our meta-analysis showed that CD44-V6 is an efficient prognostic factor for NSCLC. Overexpression of CD44-V6 was significantly associated with tumor differentiation, tumor histological type, clinical TMN stage and lymph node metastasis. However, there was no significant association between CD44-V6 and tumor size. Large prospective studies are now needed to confirm the clinical utility of CD44 as an independent prognostic marker.     

BIRC5抗体在非小细胞肺癌血浆中的表达及其与预后的关系

目的:探讨凋亡抑制因子(BIRC5)抗体在非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者血浆中的表达及其与预后的关系.方法:选取首次确诊未经治疗的NSCLC患者211例及健康对照者200例,收集血浆样本.基于BIRC5蛋白结构,运用抗原表位预测工具设计、合成2条线性抗原肽,即BIRC5a、BIRC5b,通过自行建立的ELISA法检测血...     

CD4~+ CD25~+调节性T细胞及Foxp3基因在不同淋巴结转移状态的非小细胞肺癌患者中的表达差异

目的:比较CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞及Foxp3基因在不同淋巴结转移状态的非小细胞肺癌患者外周血及肿瘤微环境中的表达差异。方法:46例初诊、初治的非小细胞肺癌患者根据有无淋巴结转移分为两组,采用流式细胞仪检测两组患者外周血中CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞的比例,Real-time PCR检测Foxp3基因的表达,免疫组化法检测肿瘤微环境中Foxp3的表达情况,ELISA法检测外周血及肿瘤组织匀浆中的TGF-β和IFN-γ水平。结果:Foxp3基因在转移淋巴结中的表达明显强于无转移的淋巴结,有淋巴结转移的非小细胞肺癌患者肿瘤微环境中的Foxp3表达明显强于无淋巴结转移的非小细胞肺癌患者,前者肿瘤组织匀浆中的TGF-β水平也明显高于后者,差异均具有显著性。两组患者外周血中CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞比例、Foxp3基因的表达及TGF-β、IFN-γ水平比较无显著性差异。结论:有淋巴结转移的非小细胞肺癌患者肿瘤微环境中存在Foxp3基因表达增强及TGF-β水平增高的现象,提示该类患者存在较为严重的局部肿瘤免疫抑制状态。     

MUC4 expression and its relation to ErbB2 expression, apoptosis, proliferation, differentiation, and tumor stage in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)

There is a peptide sequence homology between the gene product of human MUC4 and rat Muc4/sialomucin complex (SMC). Each contains a transmembrane subunit with two epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domains that act as ligand for ErbB2. MUC4 and ErbB2 mediate intracellular signaling pathways that are linked to repression of apoptosis and either to proliferation or to differentiation of tumor cells. This study investigates the expression of human MUC4 in neoplastic and corresponding non-neoplastic tissues, and the relation of MUC4 expression in neoplastic tissues to ErbB2 expression, apoptosis, proliferation, differentiation, and tumor stage in a series of 100 non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLCs). MUC4 and ErbB2 expressions and cell proliferation (PCNA) were shown using immunohistochemistry. Apoptotic index (AI) and tumor differentiation were determined by morphologic criteria. All the non-neoplastic bronchial tissues and 85% of NSCLCs showed MUC4 expression. MUC4 expression was found to be higher in neoplastic than in non-neoplastic tissues (Yates correction p: 0.0006). MUC4 expression was inversely correlated with AI (p=0.0002) and was correlated with ErbB2 expression (p=0.022), but not with PCNA counts and tumor stage. Our results indirectly suggest that MUC4, in association with ErbB-2, might be involved in the repression of apoptosis and differentiation rather than proliferation in tumor cells of NSCLCs.     

MiR-1260b promotes the migration and invasion in non-small cell lung cancer via targeting PTPRK

Objective

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 80–85% of lung cancer cases which cause most of cancer-related deaths globally. As our previous study discovered miR-1260b can be regarded as a specific signature for metastasis in NSCLC patients. However, the molecular mechanisms of miR-1260b underlying NSCLC progression and metastasis remain dismal.

Tankyrase 1 polymorphism associated with an increased risk in developing non-small cell lung cancer in a Chinese population: a proof-of-principle study

Objectives: Tankyrase 1 (TNKS1), a poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, regulates telomere length and apoptosis in cells, overexpression of which occurred in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study investigated TNKS1 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for association with a risk in NSCLC development in a Chinese population. Methods: NSCLC cases and healthy controls of 500 each were recruited for genotyping of 24 TNKS1 SNPs. The association between genotype and NSCLC risk was evaluated by computing the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) with multivariate unconditional logistic regression analyses. Haploview software was to analyze association between haplotypes and NSCLC risk. Results: TNKS1 rs6601328 A allele was associated with a lower risk in developing NSCLC and adenocarcinoma (ADC) (OR=0.71; 95% CI, 0.51-0.99 and OR=0.70; 95% CI, 0.50-0.99), whereas TNKS1 rs11991621 C allele (OR=1.44; 95% CI, 1.03-2.03), rs11991621 C/C (OR=1.44, 95% CI, 1.03-2.35; P=0.03), and rs10503380 G/G (OR= 1.56, 95% CI, 1.09-2.50, P=0.02) were associated with a higher risk in developing NSCLC or ADC in females and rs6601328 A/A major allele (OR=1.39; 95% CI, 1.00-1.92; P=0.047) and rs7015700 G/G (OR= 1.51, 95% CI, 1.04-2.21) was associated with an increased NSCLC or ADC risk in males but a reduced NSCLC risk (OR=0.63; 95% CI, 0.42-0.96) and ADC risk (OR=0.64; 95% CI, 0.42-0.97) in females. Haploview showed that there were three Haplotype Blocks associated with NSCLC risk. However, TNKS1 rs12541709 C/C was associated with protective effect against ADC (OR=0.75; 95% CI, 0.56-0.99; P=0.04) in this Chinese population. Conclusion: TNKS1 SNPs (rs11991621 rs10503380, and rs7015700) were associated with NSCLC risk, whereas rs6601328 and rs12541709 inversely associated with NSCLC or ADC risk in this Chinese population.