牛津双柱单髁置换术与全膝关节置换术治疗膝内侧骨关节炎的近中期疗效对比

目的:探讨牛津双柱单髁置换术(UKA)与全膝关节置换术(TKA)治疗膝内侧骨关节炎的近中期疗效。方法:回顾性队列研究。纳入2016年10月—2019年11月安徽医科大学第四附属医院50例膝关节内侧间室骨关节炎患者的临床资料。其中,采用牛津双柱UKA治疗的25例(25膝)为UKA组,男7例、女18例,年龄54～81岁;采...     

Incidence and safety profile of outpatient unicompartmental knee arthroplasty

BackgroundOutpatient surgery is an increasingly attractive option for patients undergoing procedures with established, acceptable risk profiles. Benefits of outpatient surgery include cost savings, enhanced patient experience and improved resource allocation at busy hospitals. The purpose of this study was to compare 90-day complication and readmission rates for patients undergoing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) in the outpatient as opposed to the inpatient setting.MethodsPatients who underwent UKA (CPT code 27446) between 2007 and 2016 were retrospectively selected from a national private insurance database. Patients were defined as ambulatory if their coded location of procedure was in an ambulatory surgery center or as an in-hospital outpatient. Postoperative complications were identified using the Reportable Center for Medicare Services (CMS) Complication Measures. Risks of complications were compared between the inpatient and outpatient cohorts using multivariate logistic regression controlling for age, gender, and comorbidities.Results2600 patients undergoing ambulatory UKA and 5084 patients undergoing inpatient UKA were identified. The percentage of UKA procedures performed on an outpatient basis significantly increased over the course of the study (14.5% to 58.1%, p < 0.001). After adjusting for age, gender, and comorbidities, ambulatory surgery was found to be associated with a decreased risk of postoperative transfusion (OR 0.28; p < 0.001) and pneumonia (OR 0.23; p = 0.008) and there was a trend towards decreased 90-day readmission risk (OR = 0.83; p = 0.062).ConclusionAmbulatory discharge following UKA is increasing in popularity, does not increase risk for perioperative complications or readmission, and may even portend a safer post-operative course.     

腘动脉与后膝关节囊间隙联合隐神经阻滞及“鸡尾酒”疗法在老年患者全膝关节置换术中的应用效果观察

目的 探讨超声引导下腘动脉与后膝关节囊间隙（IPACK）联合隐神经阻滞及“鸡尾酒”疗法在老年患者全膝关节置换术（TKA）中的应用效果。方法 前瞻性随机对照研究。纳入2020年10月—2021年9月蚌埠医学院第一附属医院60例择期行单侧TKA的老年患者,其中男19例、女41例,年龄60~85（69.0±6.1）岁。按照数字表法将患者随机分为3组,每组20例：IPACK联合隐神经阻滞及“鸡尾酒”疗法为A组,坐骨神经联合股神经及股外侧皮神经阻滞组为B组,单纯全身麻醉为对照组。观测指标：（1）比较患者年龄、性别、体质量指数、麻醉前生命体征（平均动脉压、心率、外科容积指数）等基线资料;（2）比较患者术中的生命体征变化;（3）比较患者术前和术后24 h炎性因子白细胞介素（IL）-1β、C反应蛋白（CRP）浓度;（4）比较患者术后6、12、24和48 h运动及静息数字评价量表（NRS）疼痛评分;（5）比较患者术后首次自主下床活动时间、术后住院时间,以及术后12、24和48 h膝关节活动度;（6）比较患者术后一般临床情况（苏醒时间、拔管时间、瑞芬太尼用量）、镇痛泵按压次数、镇痛的补救率及相关不良反应（恶心呕吐、嗜睡、心动过缓）的发生情况。结果 （1）3组患者的基线资料比较差异均无统计学意义（P值均>0.05）。（2）术中切皮、扩髓及手术结束时,A、B组的平均动脉压、心率、外科容积指数均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P值均<0.05）。（3）患者术后24 h的IL-1β、CRP浓度对照组均高于A、B组（P值均<0.05）,A组与B组比较差异均无统计学意义（P值均>0.05）。（4）术后6、12、24、48 h,A、B组静息及运动NRS疼痛评分均明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P值均<0.05）。（5）术后12、24、48 h,A组患者的膝关节活动度（38.4°±8.9°、67.4°±8.2°、82.1°±8.8°）明显大于B组（29.5°±9.6°、61.3°±7.1°、72.3°±7.1°）和对照组（30.8°±6.8°、59.9°±7.6°、69.2°±7.4°）,差异均有统计学意义（F=6.27、5.45、14.73,P值均<0.05）,B组与对照之间差异均无统计学意义（P值均>0.05）;术后住院时间和首次自主下床活动时间A组最短,为（27.0±5.8）h、（3.8±0.8）d,对照组为（39.6±6.4）h、（4.6±0.9）d,B组为（47.7±4.0）h、（5.2±0.8）d,差异均有统计学意义（F=71.33、11.71,P值均<0.001）。（6）A、B组的苏醒时间、拔管时间及瑞芬太尼用量、术后镇痛补救与不良反应均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P值均<0.05）;A、B组比较差异均无统计学意义（P值均>0.05）。结论 老年患者TKA行IPACK联合隐神经阻滞及“鸡尾酒”疗法,术中及术后患者镇痛效果较好,住院时间短,运动功能干扰小,对TKA后老年患者的早期功能锻炼起到一定的积极作用。     

Evaluation of different coatings of the tibial tray in uncemented total knee arthroplasty. A randomized controlled trial with 5 years follow-up with RSA and DEXA

BackgroundRegenerex® is a porous titanium construct with a 3D interconnecting pore structure and biomechanical characteristics close to that of normal trabecular bone. This study aimed to compare the Regenerex (VR) to the non-interconnecting pore structure Porous Plasma Spray (VP) on tibial implants for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) at 5 years.MethodsWe enrolled and randomized 61 patients (mean age = 63(49–71) years, Female/Male = 35/26) who were planned for an uncemented Vanguard TKA (Biomet, Warsaw, Indiana, USA) to receive either a VR or a VP coated tibial component (31/29). We performed radiostereometric analysis (RSA) and Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) postoperatively, and at three, six, 12, 24 and 60 months with measurements of migration. In total 55 patients attended the 5-year follow-up.ResultsOne patient died and four were reoperated during the 60-months period; none due to aseptic loosening. All reoperations were in the VR-group. The mean (range) 60-months MTPM was 1.4 mm (0.5–3.7) for the VP-group and 1.8 mm (0.4–4.9) for the VR-group (p = 0.8). The 24 to 60-months mean (range) MTPM was −0.3 mm (−5 to 1.24) in the VP-group and 0.2 mm (−0.4 to 3.5) in the VR-group (p = 0.8).ConclusionWe did not find any statistically significant differences between the VP- and VR-group and both groups show recognizable migration. We will continue to follow the groups for years to come.