脾脏囊性占位性病变的螺旋CT诊断价值

目的:探讨脾脏囊性占位性病变的螺旋CT表现及其诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析经手术病理或穿刺活检证 实19例脾脏囊性占位性病变的CT表现。19例均行CT平扫,16例行动态增强扫描。结果:19例中脾囊肿10例,脾转移 瘤4例,脾脏淋巴管瘤2例,脾海绵状血管瘤2例及脾原发性淋巴瘤1例。CT对脾脏囊性占位性病变的检出率极高,能 明确肿块性质、范围及其与周围组织的关系。结论:平扫和动态增强螺旋CT检查对脾脏囊性占位性病变有较高的定性 诊断价值。     

CT在脾脏占位性病变诊断及鉴别诊断中的价值

目的探讨CT在脾脏占位性病变鉴别诊断中的价值。方法回顾性分析27例经手术病理证实的脾脏占位性病变的CT及病理学资料,分析脾脏占位性病变的CT特征。结果 27例脾脏占位性病变,其中良性占位16例,包括脾囊肿7例,脾脓肿3例,脾血管瘤4例,脾血管淋巴管瘤1例,脾淋巴管瘤1例;恶性占位11例,包括转移瘤8例,淋巴瘤3例。结论 CT对脾脏占位性病变有较高的诊断价值,可作为首选的影像学检查方法。     

脾脏炎性假瘤的影像学表现（附三例报告）

目的 报道3例脾脏炎性假瘤的影像学表现,以提高对本病的认识。方法 复习3例脾脏炎性假瘤的超声、CT扫描和1例MRI表现,并与病理表现进行对照。结果 B超表现为单发球形病变,回声不均匀、边界清楚,其中1例见环状强回声伴后方声影。3例CT平扫见脾内边界清楚的低密度肿块,1例见周边蛋壳样环状钙化;2例作增强扫描,1例静脉期略有增强,另1例延迟扫描病变强化程度与脾实质接近;1例又作MR平扫,T1、T2WI均以低信号为主。结论 脾脏炎性假瘤应列入脾单发肿物的鉴别诊断,其影像表现与肿块内纤维组织和炎性肉芽组织的多少有关。超声表现为边界清楚、回声不均的肿块;CT增强扫描以病变延迟强化为特点;MRT2WI常以低信号为主。     

脾脏占位性病变的超声诊断

目的:探讨脾脏占位性病变的超声诊断价值.方法:分析15例经病理和临床证实的脾脏占位性病变的超声资料,包括脾卡波西氏肉瘤1例,脾血管肉瘤1例,脾弥漫性非何杰金氏淋巴肉瘤1例,脾非霍奇金氏淋巴瘤2例,脾何杰金氏病(结节型)1例,脾转移癌4例,脾淋巴管瘤2例,脾囊肿2例,脾脓肿1例.结果:超声检查能清楚的显示,脾脏占位病变的大小、形态回声特征与周围器官组织的关系;超声对脾脏占位性病变的检出率100%,定性准确率为73.3%.结论:超声对脾脏占位性病变有较高的诊断价值,可作为首选的影像学检查方法.     

脾脏占位性病变的CT诊断

目的：探讨脾脏占位性病变的CT诊断及鉴别诊断。方法：搜集并分析21例经病理和临床证实的脾脏占位性病变的CT资料，包括血管瘤3例、淋巴管瘤1例、神经纤维瘤1例、脾囊肿2例、脾脓肿3例、脾结核2例、恶性淋巴瘤4例、血管内皮肉瘤1例，转移瘤4例。结果：CT检查能清楚地显示脾脏占位性病变的大小、形态、密度以及周围组织及脏器的情况。CT对脾脏占位性病变的检出率为100％，定性诊断准确率为67％。结论：CT对脾脏占位性病变有较高的诊断价值，可作为首选的影像学检查方法。     

脾脏低回声病变的超声造影诊断

目的:探讨超声造影对脾脏低回声病变的诊断价值。材料和方法:经外周静脉团注声诺维(SonoVue),使用对比脉冲序列(CPS)技术,对9例脾脏低回声病变行超声造影检查。结果:2例脾血管瘤造影剂廓清慢于脾组织,实质期回声强于脾实质。5例脾淋巴瘤、1例脾转移癌及1例脾炎性假瘤造影剂廓清均快于脾组织,实质期回声低于脾实质。结论:超声造影对脾脏低回声病变的诊断和鉴别诊断具有一定的价值。     

4例脾脏炎性假瘤的CT表现及其临床病理分析

目的探讨脾脏炎性假瘤的影像学表现及临床、病理特征。方法回顾性分析4例脾脏假瘤的临床、CT表现并与病理表现进行对照。结果 3例表现为低密度肿块,增强扫描轻度强化,边界清晰,1例肿块巨大者,其内可见片状坏死,增强扫描可见大量紊乱强化血管影。结论脾脏炎性假瘤是一种少见的良性肿瘤,影像学表现缺乏特异性,诊断需与脾脏其他占位性病变进行鉴别。     

脾脏肿瘤的影像分析

目的探讨脾脏肿瘤的临床、影像学表现,提出诊断与鉴别诊断的要点。方法回顾分析了21例经手术病理证实的脾脏肿瘤临床特点及影像学特征。结果脾炎性假瘤呈单发灶,密度不均匀,可有钙化;血管瘤为实性肿块或多囊性肿块,不均匀强化;淋巴管瘤特点为多发低密度灶;恶性淋巴瘤在脾内为单发或多发灶;脾的转移瘤表现多种多样。结论认真分析影像学特征,提高脾脏肿瘤诊断的准确率是可能的。     

脾脏多发占位性病变的CT、MRI表现

目的探讨脾脏多发占位性病变的CT、MRI表现。方法回顾性分析17例经手术病理证实的脾脏多发占位性病变患者的临床及影像学资料。结果 17例脾脏多发性占位性病变中脾戈谢病1例,间皮囊肿1例,隐球菌病1例,脾结核5例,淋巴瘤4例,脾脉管瘤5例。14例行CT检查,1例行MRI检查,2例行CT、MRI检查。CT和MRI可以很好的显示病灶大小、形态、密度/信号、强化特点,脾脏不同多发占位病变各有一定的CT及MRI特点。结论 CT、MRI是脾脏多发占位性病变的重要检查手段,MRI对某些脾脏病变的诊断及鉴别诊断价值优于CT,可作为首选检查方法之一。     

脾脏占位性病变23例声像图分析

B型超声应用于肝、胆、胰、脾等疾病的检查已较普遍,因脾脏疾病的发病率远比肝,胆疾病为少,故有关超声诊断脾脏疾病的文献资料相对不多,兹就我院经手术病理证实的脾脏占位性病变之声像图作简要分析。 资料与方法 本组23例中男12例,女11例;年龄7～76岁、平均3..1±17.8岁,病程3小时至2年,主要症状为外伤后腹痛、左上腹肿块、黑便、头颈或四肢肿块、原发性血小板减少性紫癜行脾动脉栓塞术后腹痛、3例无自觉症状。     

29例脾转移瘤的CT征象分析

目的：研究碑转移瘤的CT诊断。方法：临床病理证实的29例脾转移瘤CT进行平扫与增强扫描,结果：单发16例,多发13例,其中单发或多发圆形,类圆形低密度灶13例,不规则形6例,大囊样低密度区5例,弥漫粟粒样病灶1例,脾门菜花样肿块4例,25例同时存在多脏器转称,结论：脾转移瘤的CT表现多样化,与其他多种脾病变需要鉴别CT为发现脾转移瘤较好的检查方法。     

Excision biopsy of the spleen by ultrasonic guidance

Excision biopsy of the spleen was performed in 32 patients, using a recently invented instrument, which consists of a spring-trigger system for firing the two parts of a Tru-Cut needle. The biopsies were carried out under the guidance of an ultrasonic scanner. This technique yields sufficient material of high quality for a proper evaluation both of individual cells and the internal structure of the spleen. Eight patients had parenchymal abnormalities found by ultrasonic scanning: five had multiple abnormalities whereas three had a single abnormal area. Seven of these eight patients had a pathological spleen biopsy, consisting of Hodgkin's disease (four patients), "high-grade" malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (two patients) or tuberculosis (one patient). In the other 24 patients with a normal ultrasonic picture of the splenic parenchyma five biopsies were pathological (3 cases of hairy-cell leukaemia, 1 of Gaucher's disease and 1 of Hodgkin's disease). Side-effects were: slight to moderate pain (16/32 patients) and bleeding requiring transfusion (4/32 patients). In one of these patients splenectomy was performed because of the bleeding. Two of the patients with bleeding complications suffered from hairy-cell leukaemia. It is concluded from this study that excision biopsy of the spleen is a diagnostic method which in some patients can replace splenectomy. The method seems to be valuable especially in patients with parenchymal abnormalities shown by ultrasonic scanning.     

脾脏窦岸细胞血管瘤的MRI表现及与病理对照分析

目的:探讨脾脏窦岸细胞血管瘤的MRI表现和病理学特点。方法:经手术病理证实的脾脏窦岸细胞血管瘤患者5例,回顾性分析其MRI表现及病理学表现。结果:5例中2例为单发,3例为多发,T1WI上病灶呈等、低信号,边界欠清,4例T2WI上病灶呈高信号为主,其内有斑点状低信号,动态增强扫描动脉期病灶呈不均匀中度强化,门脉期呈较均匀的等或稍高信号,病灶内低信号区无强化;1例T2WI上病灶呈低信号,动态增强扫描示病灶无明显强化。病理检查5例,镜下显示脾窦细胞增生,病灶由相互吻合的血管性腔隙组成,腔隙表面覆以呈短柱状或扁平形的内皮细胞,胞质内有含铁血黄素颗粒。免疫组化示内皮细胞和组织细胞标记物阳性。结论:脾脏窦岸细胞血管瘤一般为多发病灶,呈血管瘤样强化及T2WI上病灶内有点状低信号区且其增强后无强化的特点,对本病的诊断具有一定的特异性。     

钝性脾损伤的CT诊断

目的探讨CT非增强扫描对钝性脾损伤的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析经CT非增强扫描并经手术及临床确诊的41例钝性脾损伤。结果脾脏包膜下血肿12例,脾内血肿16例,脾撕裂伤19例,脾粉碎8例,伴有腹腔积血30例。无假阳性,3例假阴性,CT非增强扫描诊断脾损伤敏感性92.7%,特异性100%,准确率92.7%。结论CT非增强扫描能够较好的显示钝性脾脏损伤的表现,为临床治疗提供可靠依据。     

48例脾脏恶性淋巴瘤的超声回顾性分析

目的：探讨脾脏恶性淋巴瘤的超声表现特点。方法：回顾性分析经穿刺活检或手术病理证实的48例脾脏恶性淋巴瘤的临床资料、超声表现及病理,并进行超声分型。结果：结合病理特点48例脾脏淋巴瘤超声表现大致可分为四种类型：①脾脏弥漫型,占12.5%（6/48）;②粟粒型,占16.7%（8/48）;③结节型,占31.3%（15/48）;④混合型,占39.6%（19/48）。结论：超声对诊断恶性淋巴瘤侵犯脾脏有较高的影像学诊断价值。     

Angiosarcoma of the spleen: imaging characteristics in 12 patients

PURPOSE: To retrospectively review clinical, pathologic, and imaging features of angiosarcoma of the spleen in 12 patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Institutional review board approval was obtained, and informed consent was not required. Records of 12 cases of proved angiosarcoma of the spleen were accessed from the files of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. Clinical, pathologic, and imaging findings were reviewed. Presenting signs and symptoms were recorded, and the pathologist confirmed the diagnosis and determined gross and microscopic morphologic findings in each spleen. Radiologists reviewed available images to determine the size of the spleen and mass, amount of splenic involvement by the tumor (if enhanced at computed tomography [CT] and magnetic resonance [MR] imaging), and amount of nonviable tumor determined as decreased echogenicity at ultrasonography (US) and lack of enhancement at CT and MR imaging. Imaging and pathologic findings were compared. Five US, 10 CT, three MR, and two angiographic images were reviewed by two experienced abdominal radiologists. RESULTS: There were seven men and five women (age range, 36-86 years; mean, 55 years). The most common symptom was upper abdominal pain in eight (67%) patients: Pain was acute for 24 hours prior to admission in one patient and chronic (range, 1-6 months) in seven patients. At imaging, the spleen was enlarged (>12 cm in length) in nine patients. The most common finding, seen in seven (58%) patients, was a complex mass or masses in an enlarged spleen. Four of these patients had evidence of metastases and one had intraperitoneal hemorrhage. Two patients had solitary hypervascular tumors and liver metastases. One patient had a normal-sized spleen with multiple lesions that ranged 2-3 cm in size, as well as metastases to the spine. The 11th patient had two small lesions, with small calcifications in the periphery of one lesion. The 12th patient had intraabdominal hemorrhage around the spleen and no obvious mass at CT. Tumor necrosis was confirmed at histologic evaluation in nine patients. CONCLUSION: The most common clinical finding was upper abdominal pain. Angiosarcoma of the spleen could be suggested in the majority of cases (83%) by using the imaging features of splenic mass with evidence of metastatic disease.     

脾硬化性血管瘤样结节性转化1例及文献复习

目的 探讨脾硬化性血管瘤样结节性转化（SANT）的临床特点、影像表现及鉴别诊断。方法 分析1例脾SANT病人的临床特征及CT增强表现,并复习相关文献。结果 临床无明显症状,CT增强检查显示脾实质内边界清楚低密度肿块,动态增强扫描呈渐进性、向心性强化,动脉期及门静脉期密度低于脾实质,延迟期呈等密度,肿块内可见多发点状致密钙化灶。病理诊断为脾SANT。结论 脾SANT增强扫描呈渐进性、向心性强化具有一定的特征。     

CT平扫诊断钝性伤脾破裂

探讨CT平扫诊断钝性伤脾破裂的标准。材料与方法回顾性分析60例钝性脾破裂患者(其中55例手 术,5例临床证实)的CT片及临床资料,放射科医生双盲读片分析。结果60例患者有明确的外伤史,经CT平扫发现脾 实质密度不均匀(包括脾实质血肿、脾包膜下血肿、脾撕裂等)、脾包膜中断或呈“葱皮”样改变共39例(65％),“哨兵血块 征”54例(90％),腹腔积血46例(76.7％),脾肿大34例(56.7％),脾附近软组织挫伤、骨骼骨折17例(28.3％)。结论CT 平扫诊断钝性脾破裂的直接征象是脾包膜中断或呈“葱皮”样改变,其余皆为间接征象。     

脾海绵状淋巴管瘤的CT诊断与鉴别诊断(附8例分析)

目的：通过分析脾脏海绵状淋巴管瘤的影像学表现特征,探讨其影像诊断和鉴别诊断。方法：回顾性分析8例经病理证实的脾脏海绵状淋巴管瘤的CT表现,并与其他脾脏囊性病变进行鉴别。结果：8例海绵性淋巴管瘤均为近脾门处单发囊性病灶,8例中2例病灶边界清晰,6例病灶边界模糊。所有病灶形态不规则,呈分叶状改变。囊内有分隔,壁略薄（厚度约3～5mm）,囊壁及分隔略呈稍高密度,灶内可见低密度液性区。增强后动脉期、门静脉期囊壁及分隔中度强化,延迟期仍持续强化。8例患者中5例无自觉症状,经体检中发现。仅有3例出现与脾肿大相关的临床症状（左上腹胀满或轻微胀痛）。结论：脾海绵状淋巴管瘤的CT表现具有一定特征性,但需与脾脏其他囊性病变相鉴别。     

PET/CT在探测脾转移癌中的应用

目的探讨^18F-脱氧葡萄糖(FDG)PET／CT对脾转移癌的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析PET／CT诊断的8例脾转移癌患者，与单独PET、CT及B超检查结果和临床资料对比，以随访结果证实诊断正确与否。结果PET／CT诊断的8例脾转移癌，单独使用PET发现6例，单独CT诊断4例，B超诊断1例。PET／CT检查前已诊断的2例脾转移癌，PET／CT没有漏诊，余6例PET／CT检查前临床资料均未提及脾转移癌。PET／CT同时发现8例患者均存在其他多脏器转移。结论PET／CT探测脾转移癌较单独PET和CT有明显的定位和定性优势，可提高脾转移癌的检出率。