肝动脉栓塞化疗联合无水乙醇局部注射治疗中晚期肝癌

目的探讨肝动脉栓塞化疗（TACE）联合超声引导下无水乙醇注射（PEI）治疗中晚期原发性肝癌的临床价值。方法47例中晚期肝癌患者,随机分为两组。TACE组22例,单纯行TACE治疗,TACE联合PEI组25例,行TACE联合PEI治疗。结果TACE联合PEI组血清AFP转阴率、肿瘤缩小率及0．5、1、1．5、2a生存率分别为80．00％、80．00％、100．00％、88．00％、76．00％、56．00％,明显高于TACE组的47．05％、50．00％、81．82％、63．64％、54．55％、27．27％（P均〈0．05）。结论TACE联合PEI治疗中晚期肝癌疗效明显并延长患者生存期。     

肝动脉化疗栓塞联合无水乙醇注射治疗中晚期肝癌29例临床观察

60例肝癌患者随机分为两组，A组经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞（TACE）联合无水乙醇注射（PEI）治疗，B组单用TACE治疗，每隔4周重复1次，3次为1个疗程；1个疗程后观察治疗效果及术后不良反应。结果1个疗程结束后，A组总有效率为31．03％（9／29）；甲胎蛋白（AFP）异常率为20．68％（6／29）；B组总有效率为22．58％（7／31），AFP异常率为41．93％（13／31）。两组治疗后总有效率及AFP异常率比较差异有统计学意义（P均〈0．05）。两组术后肝功能变化及不良反应发生情况差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。认为TACE联合PE1治疗中晚期肝癌疗效好且术后不良反应无明显增加。     

老年肝癌患者射频消融术与肝动脉化疗栓塞术治疗前后肝血清学指标变化

目的：探讨老年肝癌患者射频消融术（RFA）与肝动脉化疗栓塞术（TACE）治疗前后肝血清学指标的变化、生存率、死亡原因。方法采用回顾性方法分析该院2009年12月至2013年4月收入院的老年肝癌患者60例（ RFA治疗30例,TACE治疗30例）,比较两组治疗前后血清学指标、生存率及死亡原因的异同。结果 RFA及TACE治疗均对肝功能造成一定程度的损害,TACE组谷丙转氨酶（ ALT）治疗前后差值大于RFA组（P＜0．05）。 RFA组和TACE组术后1、2、3年生存率分别为76．8％、54．8％、45．8％和73．3％、65．5％、40．9％（P＞0．05）。死亡原因依次为消化道出血、再发肝癌结节破裂、肝性脑病、全身衰竭。结论老年肝癌的RFA治疗肝损害轻,与TACE治疗相比,术后生存率无显著差异。     

肝动脉化疗栓塞同步经皮肝穿瘤内无水乙醇注射治疗原发性肝癌

目的 探讨肝动脉化疗栓塞术（TACE）在超声及数字血管造影机（DSA）监视下行经皮肝穿瘤内无水乙醇注射（PEI）治疗原发性肝癌（PLC）的安全性及疗效。方法 选择57例PLC患者随机分为联合治疗组（TACE＋PEI）30例和对照组（单纯TACE）27例。联合治疗组在DSA下行TACE术后即刻在超声及DSA引导下细针PEI。对照组行常规TACE治疗。结果 联合治疗组在超声及DSA引导下全部精准穿刺靶点,术中中等疼痛18例,无其他严重不良反应,其术后发热、肝肾功能、血常规、PT等指标与对照组比较,差异均无统计学意义（P均〉0.05）,57例患者均无严重并发症出现。联合治疗组有效率为83.3%（25/30）,对照组为55.6%（15/27）;联合治疗组1年生存率为86.7%,对照组为63%,两组比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论 肝动脉化疗栓塞同时行PEI治疗PLC安全性较好,其1年生存率优于单纯TACE治疗者。     

肝细胞癌血供类型及其治疗意义

目的探讨肝细胞癌组织内血供类型及其对治疗中的指导意义。方法采用Seldinger技术对200例肝细胞癌（HCC）患者肝动脉行DSA检查,并对造影资料进行分析研究,根据供血动脉在瘤体内的分布情况进行分型,根据血供类型进行治疗。结果HCC的血供分为4种类型,即肝动脉瘘型、多血供型、中血供型、少血供型。对其中100例根据4种不同的血供类型采用不同介入治疗方法。①肝动脉瘘型：采用明胶海绵或弹簧圈封堵瘘口,灌注小剂量化疗药物后用超液化碘油栓塞（TACE）,联合经皮—肝穿刺瘤体内注射无水乙醇（PEI）;②多血供型：经肝动脉行TACE联合PEI;③中血供型：经肝动脉灌注细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞（CIK）联合超液化碘油（UFL）栓塞及PEI;④少血供型：经肝动脉灌注CIK联合PEI。显效率分别为31．3％、54、1％、38．9％、44．8％,总有效率为76％。结论对HCC患者根据不同的血供类型采用不同的介入治疗术式,可以弥补单一治疗方法的不足,可增强抗癌效果,改善患者的生存质量,延长患者的生存期。     

健肝颗粒联合经导管动脉栓塞术治疗原发性肝癌临床疗效研究

目的：观察健肝颗粒联合经导管动脉栓塞术（transcatheter arterial chemoembolization,TACE）治疗HBV DNA阳性原发性肝癌（HCC）的效果及其预后。方法：HBV DNA〉10^3IU／ml的HCC患者126例,均予核苷类似物药抗病毒治疗,并随机分为TACE联合健肝颗粒的治疗组（62例）和TACE治疗的对照组（64例）,观察两组患者肝功能Child—Pugh评分、HBVDNA定量、实体瘤体积变化和两年生存率。结果：治疗两年后,治疗组患者肝功能Child—Pugh评分较对照组降低,且治疗组患者两年生存率比对照组高,其差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;实体瘤缩小和HBVDNA定量变化两组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论：健肝颗粒联合TACE治疗可改善HCC患者的肝功能,提高其生存率和生活质量。     

重组人血管内皮抑制素联合介入治疗肝细胞型肝癌的疗效及安全性

目的探讨重组人血管内皮抑制素（恩度）联合介入治疗肝细胞型肝癌的有效性及安全性。方法经组织学或临床诊断的肝细胞型肝癌患者40例,随机分为恩度联合经导管动脉化疗栓塞术（TACE）组和单纯TACE组各20例,均接受至少2个周期治疗,比较治疗前后两组疗效、血液AFP水平、肝外转移和不良反应发生情况。结果治疗后两组疗效、血液AFP水平、不良反应情况比较无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。两组术后1年肝外转移发生率比较具有统计学意义（P=0．035）。结论恩度联合TACE治疗肝细胞性肝癌不良反应无明显增加,但可有效地减少肿瘤的转移。     

术中射频消融加肝动脉化疗栓塞术治疗肝细胞性肝癌

目的探讨开腹术中射频消融（RFA）后行肝动脉造影（DSA）及肝动脉化疗栓塞术（TACE）治疗肝细胞性肝癌的必要性。方法开腹术中射频消融治疗原发性肝癌50例，术后2周常规行DSA及TACE术，再3周后复查CT及AFP。结果DSA＋TACE术发现肿瘤染色及碘化油聚集9例（18％），CT复查见碘化油异常沉积10例（10％），AFP转阴43例（86％），AFP不升高5例（10％），总有效率96％。结论开腹术中射频消融后行DSA＋TACE治疗肝细胞性肝癌是一种非常必要、有效的方法，有望能提高生存率。     

PCTI联合TACE治疗中晚期肝癌16例疗效观察

目的观察经皮肝瘤内注射术（PCTI）联合经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞术（TACE）治疗无法手术切除的中晚期肝癌的效果。方法无法手术切除的中晚期肝癌16例,采用PCTI联合TACE治疗。结果本组生存期最长98个月,最短15个月,中位生存期为56个月;肿瘤直径缩小3~5 cm 13例,缩小1~3 cm 3例;肝区疼痛缓解6~10个月14例,1~5个月2例;治疗后1~6个月饮食及体质量均增加。结论 PCTI联合TACE治疗无法手术切除的中晚期肝癌安全有效,可明显延长患者生存期。     

无手术适应征的复发性肝癌行PRFA联合TACE综合治疗的近期疗效

肝癌被称为“癌中之王”，是一种恶性程度很高的癌症，常伴有肝硬化，大部分患者发现时已至中晚期，且容易扩散与复发。临床治疗复发性肝癌可选择不同的治疗方案，但会对患者的近期疗效产生不同影响。本研究中，选择122例复发性肝癌患者进行研究，探讨无手术适应征的复发性肝癌行经皮肝穿射频消融术（PRFA）联合肝动脉化疗碘油栓塞术（TACE）综合治疗的近期疗效。现将研究结果报道如下。     

双途径介入疗法治疗原发性肝癌疗效评价

目的　探讨双途径介入疗法 (下称双介入法 )治疗原发性肝癌的临床价值。方法　选择原发性肝癌患者 6 5例 ,对其中 34例单纯行肝动脉化疗栓塞 (TACE,对照组 ) ,31例行 TACE和分次多点经皮肝穿刺注射无水乙醇 (双介入法 ,观察组 )。全部病例定期做 CT检查和 AFP测定 ,观察肿瘤客观疗效。结果　对照组及观察组肿瘤客观有效率 (CR+PR)分别为 35 .3%、6 4 .4 % (P<0 .0 5 ) ;AFP下降幅度分别为 5 6 .1%、78.6 % (P<0 .0 5 ) ;2年存活率分别为 5 0 %、6 1.3% (P<0 .0 5 )。结论　双介入法治疗原发性肝癌疗效肯定 ,优于单纯应用 TACE。     

Combined hepatocellular carcinoma and neuroendocrine carcinoma with sarcomatous change of the liver after transarterial chemoembolization

Primary hepatic neuroendocrine carcinoma is rare and its origin is not clearly understood. An admixture of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and neuroendocrine carcinoma is particularly rare. Here, we report a patient with an extremely rare combination of HCC and neuroendocrine carcinoma of the liver. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case in which the carcinoma showed sarcomatous change. The patient was a 76‐year‐old man who had received outpatient treatment for chronic hepatitis C. On abdominal computed tomography (CT), the hepatic tumor was enhanced in the arterial phase but its density was lower than that of normal liver in the portal phases. His serum α‐fetoprotein (AFP) level was very high. Therefore, transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) was performed based on the diagnosis of HCC. Ten months after TACE, his serum AFP level had increased to the level measured before TACE. Partial hepatectomy was performed because CT revealed poor enhancement of the recurrent tumor. Histopathologically, the tumor consisted of two distinct components: moderately differentiated HCC was intermingled with a neuroendocrine carcinoma, which was accompanied by sarcomatous changes. Immunohistochemically, the neuroendocrine carcinoma cells were positive for CD56, chromogranin A and neuron‐specific enolase, and negative for AFP. The sarcomatous area was positive for AE1/3 and CD56, consistent with sarcomatous change of neuroendocrine carcinoma. The neuroendocrine carcinoma and/or sarcomatous change may have been due to phenotypic changes and/or dedifferentiation of HCC induced by TACE. Six months after surgery, the patient was diagnosed with metastasis of the neuroendocrine carcinoma to sacral bone. He died 7 months after surgery.     

Individualized treatment models based on blood supply characteristics in hepatocellular carcinoma using color Doppler hemodynamics

BACKGROUND/AIMS: We evaluated the long-term efficacy of the combination of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) using cisplatin-lipiodol suspension, transultrasonic portal vein chemoembolization (SPVE), radiofrequency ablation (RF), percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) for treatment of advanced small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODOLOGY: A total of three hundred and eighteen patients with HCC were enrolled in this study. According to the blood supply characteristics to the tumor, individual combined therapy models were adopted: one hundred and fifty-nine patients with HCC less than 5 cm were treated with a combination of RF and PEI (RF/PEI group) and one hundred and one patients with HCC greater than 5cm were treated with a combination of TACE, RF and PEI (TACE/RF/PEI group). One hundred and eleven HCC nodules confirmed to be hypervascular by color Doppler flow imaging were treated with a combination of TACE, RF, SPVE and PEI (TACE/ RF/SPVE/PEI group). RESULTS: The combination treatment of RF and PEI (RF/PEI group), the TACE/RF/PEI group, TACE/ RF/SPVE/PEI group, the 1-year survival rates and the 3-year survival rates were 97.3% and 82.4%; 73.5% and 44.9%; 74.1% and 37.9%, respectively; The vanishing rate of blood flow around and within the tumor, the tumor size decrease rate, AFP transformed to negative rate, were significantly raised compared to those in the TACE treatment only group. CONCLUSIONS: The individual combined therapy models combination of TACE, PEI, SPVE, RF appears to prolong survival, compared with one treatment alone (TACE). This combination therapy method is an effective way for treating HCC, and color Doppler can provide important information to verify the therapeutic effects.     

经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞术治疗肝细胞癌疗效及复发预测

目的 探讨肝细胞癌(HCC)患者经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)前、术后脱γ-羧基凝血酶原(DCP)、甲胎蛋白异质体(AFP-L3)、甲胎蛋白(AFP)的变化及其与预后关系.方法 纳入96例接受TACE作为初始治疗的HCC患者,分别于术前,术后4～5周及术后6～12个月检测血清DCP、AFP-L3、AFP等水平.根据...     

原发性肝癌患者外周血中甲胎蛋白mRNA的意义

目的由于ＰＣＲ技术的应用,血循环中癌细胞的检测近有很大进展．本文用ＲＴＰＣＲ检测肝癌（ＨＣＣ）和其他慢性肝病患者外周血中ＡＦＰｍＲＮＡ,藉以反映ＨＣＣ细胞的存在,并与其他血清标记物比较．方法ＨＣＣ患者２２例,肝硬变和慢性乙型肝炎患者各１０例,健康成人受试者（对照）５例．取患者和对照的外周血,分离单核细胞,提取总ＲＮＡ并作电泳鉴定,用合成的两对引物进行巢式ＲＴＰＣＲ扩增ＡＦＰｍＲＮＡ,同时分析血清ＡＦＰ和乙肝标记物．结果ＡＦＰｍＲＮＡ在１３例ＨＣＣ（５９１％）,２例肝硬变（２００％）患者外周血中测到,其余标本均为阴性．ＡＦＰｍＲＮＡ阳性的１３例患者肿瘤均大于５ｃｍ,为晚期患者．在该１３例患者中仅有６例（４６１％）在血清中测到ＡＦＰ,但有１２例（９２３％）ＨＢｓＡｇ,抗ＨＢｅ,抗ＨＢｃ全阳性,而ＡＦＰｍＲＮＡ阴性的５例该３标记物全阴性．结论ＲＴＰＣＲ扩增ＡＦＰｍＲＮＡ是检测ＨＣＣ和肝硬变患者循环肝癌细胞的敏感方法．患者外周血中的ＡＦＰｍＲＮＡ有可能作为肿瘤转移和复发的标记对ＨＣＣ诊断、随访观察和疗效评定有较大临床意义．     

Recurrences of hepatocellular carcinoma following initial remission by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The aim of this study was: (i) to define the characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) associated with recurrences following initial remission by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE); (ii) to evaluate the patterns of recurrences; and (iii) find a better surveillance method of detecting recurrent HCC. METHODS: Out of 230 consecutive HCC patients who underwent TACE, 77 with initial remission were followed prospectively for at least 12 months. We compared the recurrence rates according to the characteristics of the tumors and analyzed the locations of the recurrent HCC. The diagnostic efficacies of CT scans with serum AFP, angiography and Lipiodol CT scan in detecting recurrent HCC were also evaluated. RESULTS: Recurrent HCC was detected in 40 patients during a median period of 27 months. The recurrence rate of multinodular HCC was higher than the single nodular type. All six patients with portal vein thrombosis recurred. Even though 45% of recurrences were adjacent to original tumors, 63% were separated from them (8% at both). Hepatocellular carcinoma with heterogeneous Lipiodol uptake tended to recur at the site adjacent to the original tumors more frequently than HCC with homogeneous Lipiodol uptake. Only 18 of 40 recurrent HCC were initially detected by serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and CT scans: 19 by angiography and three only by Lipiodol CT scan. CONCLUSION: Our data indicated that HCC of the multinodular type and with portal vein thrombosis recur more frequently following initial remission by TACE. It is also suggested that regular angiography in addition to serum AFP and CT scan may be valuable in detecting recurrent HCC. Other treatment modalities may need to be combined to ablate tumors completely and to therefore reduce recurrences, especially in HCC with heterogeneous Lipiodol uptake.     

肝癌患者外周血甲胎蛋白异质体和转录物含量的相关分析

目的探讨肝细胞癌(HCC)患者血清甲胎蛋白(AFP)异质体含量与肝癌细胞血行播散的关系。 方法应用凝集素亲和免疫电泳自显影法和巢式逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)分别检测AFP阳性HCC患者手术前外周血AFP异质体含量和AFP mRNA,分析血清AFP异质体含量和肝癌细胞血液播散之间的相关性。结果 在46例HCC患者中,37例手术前血清AFP异质体≥20％,阳性率为80.4％;24例手术前外周血可检出AFP mRNA,检出率为52.2％。在37例AFP异质体≥20％的HCC患者中,22例外周血AFP mRNA阳性,阳性率为59.5％;而在9例AFP异质体含量<20％的HCC患者中,仅2例外周血AFP mRNA阳性,阳性率为22.2％。两组之间差异有显著性(X2=4.02,P<0.05)。 结论肝癌患者血清AFP异质体含量升高与外周血循环中存在肝癌细胞有关。     

复方斑蝥胶囊对肝癌患者TACE治疗前后细胞免疫功能的影响

目的:探讨原发性肝癌(HCC) 患者肝动脉插管化疗栓塞术(TACE) 治疗前后及TACE 后应用中成药复方斑蝥胶囊后细胞免疫功能变化.方法:所有HCC 患者TACE 治疗前及治疗后1 wk 、1 mo,服用复方斑蝥胶囊前及用药后4 wk 用检测外周血T淋巴细胞亚群、NK 细胞及ALT 、AST 、TBIL.结果:HCC...     

肝细胞癌患者TACE治疗前后血清miR-145水平变化及其临床意义

目的 探讨肝细胞癌(HCC)患者在经导管动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)治疗前后血清microRNA-145(miR-145)水平变化及其临床意义。方法 2013年1月～2015年12月我院收治的72例HCC患者和同期60例健康体检者,采用qRT-PCR法检测血清miR-145水平,采用ROC曲线分析血清miR-145和甲胎蛋白(AFP)预测不良预后的价值。结果 在治疗1个月末,16例(22.2 %)为PR,13例(18.1%)为SD,43例(59.7 %)为PD;HCC组血清miR-145水平为(0.59±0.25),显著低于对照组【(1.02±0.28),P＜0.05】,术后1个月,HCC患者血清miR-145水平为(0.81±0.26),显著高于术前(P＜0.05);不同性别、年龄、肿瘤直径、肿瘤分化、癌栓和Child-Pugh分级患者血清miR-145水平无显著性差异(P＞0.05),而不同TNM分级和术前AFP水平患者之间差异显著(P＜0.05); PD组血清miR-145水平为(0.86±0.21),显著高于PR组或SD组【分别为(0.62±0.19)和(0.75±0.19),P＜0.05】;随访3年,28例(38.9%)患者死亡,其中高miR-14 水平患者3 a生存率为75.6 %,显著高于低水平患者的41.9 %(x²=8.765,P＜0.05);血清miR-145、AFP和miR-145联合AFP预测HCC不良预后的曲线下面积分别为0.871、0.851和0.942,两者联合预测的敏感度为91.7 %,准确度为90.2%。结论 TACE术后检测血清miR-145水平可能预示HCC患者预后较好。