肺癌术后呼吸功能衰竭相关因素分析

目的探讨肺癌术后发生呼吸功能衰竭的高危因素。方法总结肺癌术后呼衰患者36例，并以同期手术的72例肺癌术后未发生呼衰患者作对照，用X2检验、分层X2检验和Logistic回归分析可能导致呼衰的高危因素。结果呼衰组的最大通气量（MVV）、残气容积／肺总量比值（RY／TLC）、一秒钟用力呼气容积（FEV1）、通气储量百分比（BR）、25％肺活量最大呼气流量（V23）、最大呼气中段流量（MMEF）以及肺-氧化碳弥散量（DLCO）明显差于对照组（P〈0．05）；术后引流量及手术当天（含术中）静脉晶体入量和输血量明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论中小气道重度阻塞、肺换气功能下降、大量输血输液是术后发生呼衰的相关因素。     

心肺功能综合评估预测肺癌术后呼吸衰竭危险

目的 探讨心肺功能综合评估预测肺癌病人手术后呼吸衰竭（呼衰）危险。方法260例原发性肺癌病人于术前行静息肺功能、心电图、运动心肺功能检测，将常用指标分别组合为静息肺功能、运动肺功能、心功能进行评分，并计算心肺功能综合评分。结果（1）全肺切除术后呼衰组运动肺功能、心功能、心肺功能综合评分均高于非呼衰组（P〈0．01），logistic分析显示运动肺功能评分〉3分、心功能评分〉2分与术后呼衰的发生密切相关，其OR值、预测术后呼衰的敏感性、特异性和阳性结果预计值均高于VO2／kg。（2）肺叶切除术后呼衰组仅静息肺功能评分高于非呼衰组（P〈0．05），Logistic分析显示静息肺功能评分〉2分与其术后呼衰的发生密切相关。（3）FEV1.0〈60％、行肺叶切除术（低肺功能组）术后呼衰组运动肺功能评分和心肺功能综合评分高于非呼衰组（P〈0．01），Logistic分析显示心肺功能综合评分〉6分与其术后呼衰的发生密切相关，其OR值、预测术后呼衰的敏感性和阴性结果预计值高于VO2/kg。结论心肺功能综合评估较单项肺功能指标能更全面、准确地预测术后呼衰发生危险，尤其适于全肺切除和低肺功能、行肺叶切除术病人。     

强迫振荡肺功能预测肺切除术后呼吸衰竭的临床价值

目的 分析术前肺功能及强迫振荡肺功能（FOT）检查在预测术后呼衰中的临床价值。方法 对473例肺切除患者术前除常规肺功能检查外均进行强迫振荡肺功能检测，以术后是否发生呼衰分为两个观察组。对患者详细资料的34个项目观察分析。观察数据进行统计学处理。用logistic回归分析筛选出导致术后呼衰的术前危险因素，并对其参数估计值进行标准化处理。以评价FOT在预测术后呼衰的临床价值。结果 34个观察项目中。有21项提示与术后呼衰有密切关系。根据二项logistic回归筛选。只有8个因素作为术后呼衰的危险因素被筛选出。FOT检查中的5Hz时的阻抗＼即弹性阻力（X5）预测呼衰的灵敏度、特异度及准确率与第1秒用力呼气量（FEV1）相接近，而20Hz时的黏性阻力占预计值百分比（R20％）与最大通气量的实测值占预计值百分比（MW％）相接近。结论 强迫振荡肺功能（FOT）检查在预测术后呼衰方面与常规肺通气功能一样具有同等重要地位。甚至优于部分传统指标。     

肺叶切除术和亚肺叶切除对老年早期非小细胞肺癌病人肺功能和术后复发的影响

目的对比肺叶切除术和亚肺叶切除术对老年早期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)病人的临床疗效、术后并发症、肺功能以及术后复发的影响。方法 2014年1月～2015年12月间我院就诊并接受手术治疗的老年早期(T1aN0)NSCLC病人164例,按手术方式不同分为两组,A组68例,接受亚肺叶切除术,B组96例,接受肺叶切除术。比较两组病人围手术期情况、肺功能指标的变化、术后3年累计复发率。结果 A组病人手术时间、术中失血量、胸管引流时间、术后前3天胸管总引流量分别为(140.83±32.17)分钟、(78.45±25.64)ml、(5.18±1.17)天、(786.31±157.42)ml,明显少于B组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);术后3天,用力肺活量(FVC)、第一秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、第一秒用力呼气量%预计值(FEV1%pre)、最大呼气流量(PEF)高于B组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。B组术后3年累计复发率略高于A组(35.25%vs 25.0%),但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论亚肺叶切除术与肺叶切除术病人的术后复发率基本一致,但是亚肺叶切除术并发症发生率更低,且老年早期NSCLC病人肺功能影响更小。     

皮瓣修复截瘫褥疮创面术后配合针刺治疗对其肺功能的影响

目的:探讨针刺治疗对截瘫患者褥疮皮瓣修复术后肺功能影响的研究。方法:选自2013年04月至2015年04月在湖南中医药大学第一附属医院烧伤科住院的截瘫褥疮患者125例,均行褥疮皮瓣修复,随机分成观察组65例和对照组60例,观察组进行戒烟,常规药物治疗配合呼吸操训练加上肺俞、肾俞、气海、关元、膻中、足三里针刺治疗,每天2次,连续治疗2个星期,对照组仅予戒烟加呼吸操训练常规药物治疗。两组均于术前1d和术后24h,48h、72h分别进行血气分析、肺功能检测、以及术后7d就肺部感染、肺不张发生率进行对比分析。结果:观察组与对照组相比,术后24h,48h、72h二氧化碳分压(Pa CO2)、动脉血压分氧(Pa O2)、动脉血氧饱和度(Sa O2)、第1秒用力呼气容积占预计值百分比(FEV1%)、第1秒用力呼气容积占用力肺活量比值(FEV1/FVC%)评分比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:针刺治疗加呼吸训练对截瘫褥疮皮瓣修复患者动脉血气分析、肺功能、运动能力及生存质量的改善等均有重要意义。     

全胸腔镜肺叶切除治疗Ⅰ/Ⅱ期非小细胞肺癌的临床效果

目的探讨全胸腔镜肺叶切除术治疗Ⅰ/Ⅱ期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者的手术效果及安全性。方法回顾性分析2013年1月至2015年6月陕西省人民医院行肺癌切除138例Ⅰ/Ⅱ期NSCLC患者的临床资料,其中男88例、女50例,年龄44~76(57.4±8.8)岁。根据手术方法分为胸腔镜组(全胸腔镜肺叶切除术,63例)和开胸组(传统开胸手术治疗,75例),对比两组患者术中、术后临床指标、手术并发症、肺功能变化。结果胸腔镜组和开胸组的手术时间、术中淋巴结清扫组数、清扫数目差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);胸腔镜组术中出血量、术后引流量、术后镇痛时间、疼痛程度评分(NRS评分)、住院时间均显著低于开胸组(P0.05);手术前后第一秒用力呼气容积占预计值的百分比(FEVl%pred)、用力肺活量占预计值百分比(FVC%pred)两组之间差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);两组术后FVC%pred、FEV1%pred比术前显著降低(P0.05);胸腔镜组的手术并发症发生率显著低于开胸组(20.63%vs.32.00%,χ2=3.974,P=0.046)。结论全胸腔镜肺叶切除术治疗Ⅰ/Ⅱ期NSCLC患者手术效果可靠,且术后恢复快、并发症少。     

合并肺切除史肺癌患者再次手术的安全性和最佳手术方式分析

目的探讨合并肺切除史肺癌患者二次手术的安全性和最佳手术方式。方法回顾性分析2007年1月至2016年6月我院69例合并肺切除史肺癌患者的临床资料,其中男53例,女16例,年龄68(45~80)岁。通过单因素方差分析和logistic多因素回归分析,分析患者围术期各指标对术后并发症的影响;通过比较肺叶切除和亚肺叶切除患者的临床数据,确定最佳手术方式。结果二次手术术后90 d死亡率为4.3%,并发症发生率为24.6%。单因素方差分析显示二次手术术后严重并发症发生与术中出血量(P=0.020)、肿瘤大小(P=0.007)、吸烟史(P=0.028)和第一秒用力呼气容积占预计值百分比(FEV1%pre,P=0.018)有关。Logistic多因素回归分析结果显示FEV1%pre77.0%(OR=0.935,95%CI 0.888~0.984,P=0.010)和肿瘤直径≥2 cm(OR=4.288,95%CI 1.375~13.373,P=0.012)是严重并发症发生的独立危险因素。肺叶切除和亚肺叶切除术后死亡率和并发症发生率差异均无统计学意义(P=0.063)。结论合并肺切除史的肺癌患者经过筛选后进行外科手术的术后并发症和死亡率较低,是安全的。在患者心肺功能允许的情况下,二次手术首选肺叶切除+淋巴清扫,应避免全肺切除。     

胸腔镜下肺叶切除术对早期老年肺癌患者的临床效果

目的探讨胸腔镜下肺叶切除术治疗老年早期肺癌患者临床效果及呼吸功能指标的影响。方法回顾分析2013年12月至2019年12月在本院行肺叶切除术患者86例,分两组各43例。对照组采用开胸手术治疗,观察组则行胸腔镜下肺叶切除术。对比两组患者手术前后的手术指标以及肺功能指标。结果对照组患者术中出血量、手术时间、引流液量、住院总时间均高于观察组(P0.05),术前两组患者肺功能指标用力肺活量(FVC)、第1秒用力呼气量(FEV1)及呼气峰值流速(PEF)比较(P0.05),术后观察组与对照组的FVC、FEV1、PEF同手术前相比降低(P0.05),且观察组FVC、FEV 1、PEF水平高于对照组(P0.05)。结论采用胸腔镜下肺叶切除术治疗老年早期肺癌患者疗效较好,呼吸功能影响较小,无明显不良反应及并发症,利于患者术后康复。     

围术期综合康复训练对促进老年肺癌患者术后恢复效果分析

目的探讨围术期综合康复训练对改善老年肺癌患者术后恢复的效果。方法回顾性分析内黄县中医院2018-02—2020-08行肺癌根治术的70例老年患者的临床资料。根据围术期康复训练方法分为常规康复训练组(常规组)和常规康复训练联合综合康复训练组(综合组),每组35例。比较2组患者术前及术后3个月时的第1s用力呼气容积(FEV1)、用力肺活量(FVC)和最大肺活量(MVV)肺功能指标。采用6 min步行试验(6MWT)测定运动功能。统计术后4周内肺部感染、肺不张,以及呼吸衰竭并发症发生率。结果综合组术后3个月时FEV1、MVV、FVC和6MWT均优于常规组,术后肺部并发症发生率低于常规组。差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论围术期加强呼吸、运动等综合训练,能够显著改善老年肺癌术后患者的肺功能和运动功能,降低术后肺部并发症发生风险。     

术后引流量及肺功能预测值对非小细胞肺癌病人胸腔镜肺叶切除术后肺部并发症的预测价值

目的 探讨术后引流量及肺功能预测值对非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)病人胸腔镜肺叶切除术(VATSL)后肺部并发症(PPCs)的预测价值。方法 2017年6月～2022年6月间我院收治的NSCLC病人80例，均行VATS治疗。根据病人术后PPCs的发生情况分为发生组及未发生组。所有NSCLC病人均于术前1周检查病人肺功能指标，记录术后3天引流量，Logistic回归分析VATSL后发生PPCs的影响因素，根据ROC曲线分析术后引流量及肺功能对NSCLC病人VATSL后发生PPCs的预测价值。结果 80例病人VATSL后57例未发生PPCs, 23例发生PPCs, PPCs发生率为28.75%;两组病人性别、年龄，BMI,手术时间，术中出血量，住院时间，临床分期，糖尿病史，高血压史，吸烟史及肺功[肺活量(VC),用力肺活量(FVC),第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1),FEV1/FVC,最大通气量(MVV)]比较，差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);发生组呼气流量峰值(PEF)水平低于未发生组，术后3天引流量多于未发生组，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析发现，P...     

呼吸阻抗预测肺癌病人术后呼吸衰竭的临床意义

目的 探讨呼吸阻抗在预测肺癌病人术后呼吸衰竭（呼衰）中的临床意义。方法 用脉冲震荡法测定176例行肺切除术、且能明确诊断是否合并术后呼衰的原发性肺癌病人的呼吸阻抗等指标。结果 （1）全肺切除术后呼衰组呼吸阻抗明显增高，与非呼衰组间差异有显著性（P＜0．01或0．05）。除5Hz时的弹性阻力实测值与预计值之差（X5）和周围阻力（Rp）外，肺叶切除术后呼衰组其余指标的测定结果与非呼衰组间差异有显著性（P＜0．05）。（2）Logistic回归分析显示，共振频率（Fres）＞15Hz、20Hz时粘性阻力（R20）＞150％与全肺切除术后呼衰的发生密切相关（P＜0．01或0．05）。R20＞140％与肺叶切除术后呼衰的发生密切相关（P＜0．05）。（3）Fres＞15Hz和R20＞150％预测全肺切除术后是否发生呼衰的敏感度、特异度、准确性接近或略高于FEV1．0＜60％。R20＞140％预测肺叶切除术后是否发生呼衰的敏感度、特异度、准确性与最大自主通气量（MVV％）＜50％相接近。结论 呼吸阻抗可以作为预测术后呼吸衰竭、评估手术适应证的重要指标。     

The risk of pneumonectomy over the age of 70. A case-control study.

OBJECTIVE: A higher mortality has been reported after pneumonectomy over the age of 70. The aim of the study was to quantify the additional risk due to age after standard pneumonectomy for lung cancer by a case-control study. METHODS: Our clinical database was reviewed to search for patients aged 70 years or more who underwent standard pneumonectomy for lung cancer between 1998 and 2005. A control group of patients younger than 70 (one case/two controls) was matched for sex, cardiovascular disease, American Association of Anaesthetists score, respiratory function, side of pneumonectomy, induction chemotherapy and stage. Overall mortality and morbidity were compared. Long-term survival data were also analysed. RESULTS: During the considered period, 35 patients aged 70 years or more underwent pneumonectomy (30 males, median age 73 years, 15 right-sided procedures). The control group was composed of 70 patients. The two groups were homogeneous in the variables used for matching. Overall mortality and morbidity were 11.4 and 54.2% in the elderly group as compared to 4.3 and 41.6% in controls (p-value not significant). Elderly patients experienced a higher rate of respiratory complications (25.7%) as compared to controls (8.3%, p=0.01). At univariate analysis, the only risk factor for death was the occurrence of respiratory complications (OR 6.5, CI 1.8-18.2). At multivariate analysis, age >or=70 years (OR 5.36, CI 1.48-19.3) and preoperative chemotherapy (OR 7.65, CI 2.04-28.6) were confirmed as predictors of respiratory complications. Five-year survival was 17.5% in the elderly group and 53.6% in the control group (p=0.003). Elderly patients with a better respiratory function (FEV1>70%) had a 5-year survival of 45.4%. CONCLUSIONS: In the elderly patients, the risk of respiratory complications after pneumonectomy is increased as compared to younger patients with equivalent respiratory function. Age and preoperative chemotherapy are independent risk factors for respiratory complications. A lower mortality and a better long-term survival are obtained in elderly patients with a better respiratory function (FEV1>or=70%).     

术前肺功能参数预测低肺功能患者肺癌根治术后并发呼吸衰竭的评价

目的对拟行肺癌根治术的低肺功能患者进行常规肺功能检测和脉冲强迫振荡技术（IOS）检测，评价术前肺功能参数预测低肺功能患者肺癌根治术后并发呼吸衰竭的价值。方法按照常规肺功能评价标准和术前肺功能测定结果，选择52例拟行肺癌根治术、低肺功能患者，根据术后是否发生呼吸衰竭分为呼衰组和非呼衰组。术前检测常规肺功能参数：第1秒用力呼气容积（FEV1．0）、肺活量（VC）及最大通气量（MVV）；IOS检测参数：周边气道阻力（R5-R20）、弹性阻力（X5）、共振频律（Fres）。结果两组FEV1．0、R5-R50、X5、Fres差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；Logisfic回归分析显示仅Fres为预测术后呼吸衰竭发生的独立因素（P〈0．01）。结论Fres有助于预测低肺功能肺癌患者全肺切除术后是否发生呼吸衰竭。     

Prediction of hypoxemia and mechanical ventilation after lung resection for cancer.

BACKGROUND: Hypoxemia usually occurs after thoracotomy, and respiratory failure represents a major complication. METHODS: To define predictive factors of postoperative hypoxemia and mechanical ventilation (MV), we prospectively studied 48 patients who had undergone lung resection. Preoperative data included, age, lung volume, force expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), predictive postoperative FEV1 (FEV1ppo), blood gases, diffusing capacity, and number of resected subsegments. RESULTS: On postoperative day 1 or 2, hypoxemia was assessed by measurement of PaO2 and alveolar-arterial oxygen tension difference (A-aDO2) in 35 nonventilated patients breathing room air. The other patients (5 lobectomies, 9 pneumonectomies) required MV for pulmonary or nonpulmonary complications. Using simple and multiple regression analysis, the best predictors of postoperative hypoxemia were FEV1ppo (r = 0.74, p < 0.001) in lobectomy and tidal volume (r = 0.67, p < 0.01) in pneumonectomy. Using discriminant analysis, FEV1ppo in lobectomy and tidal volume in pneumonectomy were also considered as the best predictive factors of MV for pulmonary complications. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the degree of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in lobectomy and impairment of preoperative breathing pattern in pneumonectomy are the main factors of respiratory failure after lung resection.     

Simplified prediction of postoperative lung function by plain chest roentgenogram in patients with primary lung cancer--in correlation to postoperative respiratory complications

For the purpose of simplification of prediction of postoperative lung function, we studied to predict lung function by analizing the frontal and lateral view of chest plain roentgenogram and investigate the correlation to respiratory complication on 111 patients with lung cancer. According to TNM classification of lung cancer, prediction was performed as follows. Predicted postoperative lung function = [(42-number of resected subsegments)/(42-number of occupied subsegments)] x preoperative VC or FEV1.0. In this formula, 42 was the number of functioning subsegments of whole lung (right: 22, left: 20), and then preoperative occupied subsegments was ordered by T factor, where T1 lesion in lung field was prescribed as 1 subsegment and T2 was more than 2 subsegments respectively in plain chest roentgenogram. And also, on the patients having hilar lesions, it was required to calculate the number of subsegments in atelectasis, peripheral obstructive pneumonia and/or partial emphysematous change due to intrabronchial lesions. There was uniformly positive correlations in VC (R = 0.7949) and FEV1.0 (R = 0.8235) of the patients studied respectively. The patients having pneumonectomy showed tendency of over estimation, on the other hand, the patients having resection of a few segments showed under estimation. To predict the postoperative respiratory condition, we calculated the predicted post-operative %VC and %FEV1.0 for predicted preoperative normal VC and FEV1.0. Above the al, we tried to investigate the correlation with predicted postoperative %VC, %FEV1.0 and postoperative respiratory complications.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Risk of mortality from cardiovascular and respiratory causes in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease submitted to follow-up after lung resection for non-small cell lung cancer

AIM: Considerable controversy surrounds mortality from non-neoplastic diseases during the postoperative follow-up of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study investigated the incidence of mortality from cardiovascular and respiratory (CVR) causes in patients with COPD submitted to follow-up after lung resection for NSCLC, and identified preoperative and postoperative risk factors. METHODS: A total of 398 patients with mild or moderate COPD were followed up in our department after lung resection for NSCLC (median follow-up 61 months). Statistical analysis of the data was carried out to determine the incidence and the prognostic factors of postoperative death from CVR causes. RESULTS: Of the 398 resected patients, 186 survived without tumor recurrence; 24/186 (12.9%) died of CVR causes (acute respiratory failure, pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, acute pulmonary edema, acute myocardial ischemia or stroke). These 24 patients had a higher frequency of pre-existing coronary artery disease or heart failure (P=0.0003), predicted postoperative FEV1 <1000 mL (P=0.0008), exertional dyspnea (P=0.0000), and 30-day operative cardiopulmonary complications (P=0.001). Protective features were young age (<40 years), early stage disease, and minor resection (lobectomy). Independently significant adverse prognostic factors were stage III-IV disease (cumulative CVR death rate 47% at 5-10 years; P=0.028 vs. stage I-II) and completion pneumonectomy or partial resection of the other lung for a second primary tumor (cumulative CVR death rate 50% and 57%, respectively, at 5-10 years; P=0.0016 vs. all other resections). Older age and tumor histology were significant risk factors only in patients with advanced stage disease. CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that postoperative CVR death may be expected in patients with COPD and advanced stage NSCLC or in those undergoing completion pneumonectomy or partial resection of the other lung for a second primary tumor. Other risk factors are previous coronary artery disease and/or heart failure, exertional dyspnea and predicted postoperative FEV1 <1000 mL.     

Completion pneumonectomy for recurrent or second primary lung cancer

OBJECTIVE: We studied 8 patients undergoing completion pneumonectomy for recurrent or second primary lung cancer. METHODS: Subjects were men who averaged 62 years of age. Of these 6 had p-stage I, and 2 p-stage II disease at initial operation. At the second operation, we diagnosed 3 with second primary lung cancer and 5 with recurrent lung cancer. We predicted postoperative pulmonary function by calculating the predicted forced expiratory volume in 1.0 second (FEV1.0) from residual numbers of subsegments after completion pneumonectomy. All predicted FEV1.0 in our 8 cases ranged from 544 to 926 (773 +/- 144) ml/m2. RESULTS: Six patients experienced postoperative complications and morbidity was 75%. One patient undergoing completion sleeve pneumonectomy after radiation therapy for local carina recurrence died on 7th postoperative day due to anastomotic dehiscence and pneumonia. Overall operative mortality was 12.5% (1/8). Four remain alive and actuarial 5-year survival was 37.5%. CONCLUSIONS: Careful consideration is needed in determining operative indications for completion pneumonectomy for patients after radiation therapy. Patients with recurrent squamous cell carcinoma who have p-stage I disease at initial operation and those with second primary lung cancer and p-stage I or II disease can expect relatively a long-term survival, and we concluded that completion pneumonectomy could be conducted in these cases with a satisfactory prognosis.     

Predicting pulmonary complications after pneumonectomy for lung cancer.

OBJECTIVES: Patients undergoing pneumonectomy for lung cancer are thought to be at high risk for the development of postoperative pulmonary complications (PC) and these complications are associated with high mortality rates. The purpose of this study was to identify independent factors associated with increased risk for the development of postoperative PC after pneumonectomy for lung cancer, and to assess the usefulness of predicted pulmonary function to identify high risk patients and other adverse outcomes. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We reviewed retrospectively 242 patients undergoing pneumonectomy for lung cancer during a 12-year period. Perioperative data (clinical, pulmonary function test, and surgical) were recorded to identify risk factors of PC by univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: Overall mortality and morbidity rates were 5.4 and 59%, respectively. Thirty-four patients (14%) developed PC (acute respiratory failure, ARF = 8.7%, reintubation = 5.4%, pneumonia = 3.3%, atelectasis = 2.9%, postpneumonectomy pulmonary edema = 2.5%, mechanical ventilation more than 24 h = 1.2%, pneumothorax = 0.8%). Patients with surgical (P < 0.001), cardiac (P < 0.001) and other complications (P < 0.01) had higher incidence of PC than those without postoperative complications. Intensive care unit stay (53 +/- 39 h vs. 35 +/- 19 h; P < 0.001) and hospital stay (18 +/- 11 days vs. 12 +/- 7 days; P < 0.001) was significantly longer in patients with PC. The mortality rate associated with PC was 35.5% (P < 0.001). By univariate analysis, it was found that older patients (P = 0.007), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (P = 0.023), heart disease (P = 0.019), no previous record of chest physiotherapy (P = 0.008), poor predicted postoperative forced expiratory volume in 1s (ppo-FEV1) (P = 0.001), and prolonged anesthetic time (P < 0.001) were related with higher risk of PC. In the multiple logistic regression model, the anesthetic time (minutes; odds ratio, OR = 1.012), ppo-FEV1 (ml/s; OR = 0.998), heart disease (OR = 2.703), no previous record of previous chest physiotherapy (OR = 2.639), and COPD (OR = 2.277) were independent risk factors of PC. CONCLUSIONS: PC after pneumonectomy are associated with high mortality rates. Careful attention must be paid to patients with COPD and heart disease. Our results confirm the relevance of previous chest physiotherapy and the importance of the length of the surgical procedure to minimize the incidence of PC. The predicted pulmonary function (ppo-FEV1) may be useful to identify high risk patients for PC development and adverse outcomes.     

肺癌患者围术期并发症发生的危险因素分析

目的分析肺癌患者围术期并发症发生的高危因素,并探讨其对肺癌手术安全性的预测价值,指导围术期处理。方法回顾性分析我院胸外科2000年6月～2006年5月接受手术治疗的452例肺癌患者的临床资料,对可能与术后并发症发生相关的因素进行多因素logistic回归分析。结果本组患者手术死亡率为0.66%（3/452）,术后并发症发生率为8.85%（40/452）,主要并发症包括肺部感染、肺不张、心律失常、呼吸衰竭、脓胸、支气管胸膜瘘、胸腔出血等。采用多因素logistic回归分析发现：〉70岁（OR=17.823）、吸烟指数〉400支年（OR=5.666）、合并重要器官基础疾病（OR=8.290）、行全肺切除术（OR=7.991）和一秒率（FEV1.0%）≤60%（OR=0.922）是肺癌患者手术围术期并发症发生的高危因素。结论对肺癌患者术前评估上述相关因素,可初步预测术后并发症发生的概率,为患者顺利渡过围术期和提高手术的安全性提供积极的临床指导。     

肺血管成形术在肺癌手术中的应用

目的　评价肺血管成形术在肺癌外科治疗中的临床疗效。方法　将 12 5例肺血管受累的肺癌患者 ,分为两组 :肺血管成形组 94例 ,非成形组 3 1例。比较两组间术后并发症、肺功能状态以及生存率。结果　肺血管成形组手术时间较非成形组长 ,但术后并发症两组类似 ,且成形组的术后呼吸衰竭发生率较非成形组为低 (P <0 .0 5 )。术后 1、3年生存率以及术后 1年肺通气功能 ,肺血管成形组明显优于非成形组 ,差异有显著性。结论　肺血管成形术能提高中晚期肺癌的手术切除率 ,降低全肺切除和姑息手术的比率 ,使患者的术后生存率和生活质量均得到明显改善 ,应在临床上常规应用。