Congenitally unguarded tricuspid valve orifice with a hypoplastic right ventricle and free thrombus in a giant right atrium

Patients with congenitally unguarded tricuspid valve orifice, along with associated abnormalities, rarely survive till adulthood. We report such a case, with a hypoplastic right ventricle and a floating thrombus in a giant right atrium, with intact interatrial and interventricular septa. The patient was managed surgically with satisfactory outcome.     

Proposal for a reclassification of liver based anatomy on portal ramifications

BACKGROUND: Portal branching patterns that differ from those previously described are occasionally encountered during liver surgery. METHODS: A total of 60 patients with normal intrahepatic venous anatomy underwent helical computed tomography during arterial portography (CTAP). Next, 3 dimensional portograms were reconstructed to verify the locations of the portal veins. Portal branching patterns in the right hemiliver were assessed. RESULTS: In all 60 patients examined, the right anterior portal vein bifurcated into the ventral and dorsal branches. In 42 (70%) of 60 patients, some branches arose from the right posterior portal trunk. Between 1 and 3 branches (mean 2.3 branches per patient) coursed cranially, between 2 and 5 branches (mean 3.2 branches per patient) coursed caudally, and between 1 and 2 branches (mean 1.3 branches per patient) coursed laterally. CONCLUSIONS: We propose that the right liver should be divided into 3 segments, which are designated as the right anterior, middle, and posterior segments.     

Right ventricular failure due to primary right ventricle osteosarcoma

A 68-year-old woman with symptoms of dyspnea and peripheral edema was referred to our hospital. Chest computed tomography (CT) scans revealed a huge mass occupying the pulmonary trunk and invading the right main pulmonary artery, with metastatic nodules in the left main and left lower pulmonary artery. She was given a diagnosis of pulmonary thromboembolism and was anticoagulated to no effect, which suggested a neoplasm. Palliative resection of the tumor was carried out even though she was in serious condition with right ventricular failure, liver congestion, renal dysfunction, and coagulopathy disorder. The histopathology, postoperative systemic CT scan, and bone scintigram provided a definitive diagnosis of a primary right ventricle osteosarcoma. Primary cardiac osteosarcoma has a poor prognosis, and this patient was at an advanced stage with pulmonary metastases. Surgical intervention should offer these patients significant palliation to relieve the clinical symptoms due to obstruction.     

肺动脉闭锁合并室间隔缺损行肺动脉下拉重建右心室流出道

目的明确肺动脉闭锁合并室间隔缺损行肺动脉下拉重建右心室流出道后肺动脉发育、瓣膜反流及右心功能情况。方法回顾性分析2002年11月至2012年9月广东省人民医院31例肺动脉闭锁合并室间隔缺损患者的临床资料,其中男20例,女11例;患儿手术时14d～14．50岁（47．90±53．84）个月,均采用肺动脉下拉重建右心室流出道。随访评估其吻合口及肺动脉发育情况、肺动脉与三尖瓣反流及其与随访时间的相关关系;采用右心室应变等指标评估右心功能。结果术后早期死亡3例。随访27例（27／31,87．1％）,随访时间4～129（35．97±28．24）个月。随访期间无死亡。根治术后元吻合口再狭窄,姑息术后吻合口相对狭窄4例。吻合口及左、右肺动脉的直径均明显大于术后早期;肺动脉反流及i尖瓣反流加重,但肺动脉反流量与随访时间无相关关系。远期右心功能整体良好。结论肺动脉闭锁合并室间隔缺损行肺动脉下拉重建右心室流出道效果良好,吻合口及肺动脉分支可生长发育,术后中远期右心功能良好。     

右心室肥厚和衰竭心肌细胞Ca 2+稳态变化的研究进展

右心室肥厚（right ventricular hypertrophy, RVH）和右心室衰竭（right ventricular failure, RVF）是具有致命性的恶性心脏疾病,肺动脉高压（pulmonary arterial hypertension, PAH）是主要的致病因素。大量研究已经发现,Ca ...     

Impact of counterclockwise rotation of the right middle lobe following right upper lobectomy

Open in a separate window OBJECTIVESFollowing right upper lobectomy, the right middle lobe may shift towards the apex and rotate in a counterclockwise direction with respect to the hilum. This study aimed to investigate the incidence and clinical impact of middle lobe rotation in patients undergoing right upper lobectomy.METHODSFrom January 2014 to November 2018, 82 patients underwent right upper lobectomy at our institution for lung cancer using a surgical stapler to divide the minor fissure. Postoperative computed tomography scans evaluated the counterclockwise rotation of the middle lobe, in which the staple lines placed on the minor fissure were in contact with the major fissure of the right lower lobe (120° counterclockwise rotation). Clinicoradiological factors were evaluated and compared between patients with and without middle lobe rotation. We also reviewed surgical videos in patients with middle lobe rotation to evaluate the position of the middle lobe at the end of surgery.RESULTSNine patients had a middle lobe rotation (11%), where 1 patient required surgical derotation. Patients with middle lobe rotation were significantly associated with more frequent right middle lobe atelectasis and severe postoperative complications compared with those without rotation. A surgical video review detected potential middle lobe rotation at the end of the surgery.CONCLUSIONSMiddle lobe rotation without torsion following right upper lobectomy is not rare, and it is associated with adverse postoperative courses. Careful positioning of the right middle lobe at the end of surgery is warranted to improve postoperative outcomes.     

右叶肝胆管结石的临床病理类型

目的 探讨右侧肝胆管结石的分布类型.为外科治疗提供依据.方法 报告1998-2005年第三军医大学西南医院全军肝胆外科研究所收治并接受手术的右侧肝胆管结石106例的结石分布情况.结果 右半肝型25例占23.8%,右半肝合并左叶型33例占31.1%,右后叶型15例占14.1%,右后叶合并左叶型9例占8.5%,右前叶型4例占4.8%,右前叶合并左叶型6例占5.7%,右后叶下段型3例占2.8%.右后叶下段合并左叶型6例占5.7%,右半肝型加上合并左叶型数量明显多于右后叶或右前叶型合并左叶型(P<0.01),右半肝型与右半肝合并左叶型或右后叶型比较无统计学差别(P>0.05).结论 右半肝型和右半肝合并左叶型构成右侧肝胆管结石50%以上,右半肝型右后叶型加上合并左叶型构成右侧肝胆管结石的绝大多数,右半肝切除、右后叶切除联合左侧肝管取石是最常用的手术类型,此种结石分布类型同右肝管解剖与肝门的病理改变相关.     

Surgical treatment for recurrent pulmonary artery sarcoma

A 72-year-old woman with a history of surgical treatment for pulmonary artery sarcoma was admitted with a chief complaint of progressive dyspnea. Transthoracic echocardiography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and right cardiac catheterization demonstrated that the tumor had recurred in the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) with severe stenosis. Palliative resection of the tumor was performed with cardiopulmonary bypass to relieve the RVOT obstruction. The postsurgical quality of life of the patient improved. Postoperative right cardiac catheterization indicated hemodynamic improvement and no sign of stenosis around the RVOT. About 1 year postoperatively, she is in stable condition and has 5-year-survival from the initial operation.     

Omental Transposition after Right Hemicolectomy

A radical hemicolectomy is often followed by large retroperitoneal dissection. An adequate omental transposition allows for easy peritoneal coverage of all the dissected areas.     

腹腔镜肝外格立森鞘外右肝蒂血流阻断新技术应用

目的探讨腹腔镜下肝外格立森鞘外右肝蒂血流阻断技术应用的可行性和安全性。方法从2013年3至8月,我们对8例右肝肿瘤患者实施了腹腔镜肝切除术,其中原发性肝癌3例,肝肉瘤样癌1例,肝血管上皮样肿瘤1例,肝血管瘤2例,肝转移癌1例。术中控制出血方法采用了肝外格立森鞘外右肝蒂血流阻断技术,通过降低前肝门板,分离后肝门板,最后通过直角钳完成肝外右Glisson鞘外的分离及预阻断。结果实施右半肝切除3例,肝5、6段切除2例,肝6、8段切除1例,肝6段切除2例,分离肝门板时间15～20min,无出血及胆漏等并发症。结论腹腔镜下经肝门板右半肝血流阻断技术安全可行、操作简单、可重复性强,该技术的应用有利于促进腹腔镜右肝切除的开展。     

Mid-term outcomes of Contegra implantation for the reconstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract to proximal branch pulmonary arteries: Japan multicentre study

Open in a separate window OBJECTIVESTo reveal the mid-term outcomes of Contegra implantation for the reconstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract to proximal branch pulmonary arteries in a multicentre study. METHODSBetween April 2013 and December 2019, 178 Contegra conduits were implanted at 5 Japanese institutes. The median age and body weight at operation were 16 months (25th–75th percentile: 8–32) and 8.3 kg (6.4–10.6). Sixteen patients were neonates (9.0%). Selected conduit sizes were 12 mm in 28 patients (15.7%), 14 mm in 67 patients (37.6%), 16 mm in 66 patients (37.1%), 18 mm in 5 patients (2.8%) and <12 mm in 12 patients (6.7%). Fifty-six grafts (31.4%) were ring supported. Proximal branch pulmonary arteries were concomitantly augmented in 85 patients (47.5%). Follow-up was completed in all patients and the median follow-up period was 3.1 years (1.3–5.1).RESULTSThe overall, conduit explantation-free and conduit infection-free survival rates at 5 years were 91.3%, 71.0% and 83.7%, respectively. Infection (P = 0.009) and common arterial trunk (P = 0.024) were risk factors for explantation. Conduit durability was shorter in smaller one (P < 0.001). Catheter interventions (for conduit to proximal branch pulmonary artery)-free survival rates at 5 years was 52.9%; however, need for catheter interventions was not a risk factor for conduit explantation.CONCLUSIONSMid-term outcomes of reconstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract to the proximal branch pulmonary arteries with Contegra were acceptable. The need for explantation over time was higher in smaller conduits. Conduit infection was a strong risk factor for conduit explantation. Frequently and repeated catheter interventions effectively extended the conduit durability.     

右心旁路手术在复杂先天性心脏病治疗中的应用

随着复杂先天性心脏病外科治疗的不断进步,右心旁路手术在复杂先天性心脏病治疗中的应用,尤以对右心室发育不良综合征类病变治疗中的意义,已被遂步得到认识.现就右心室发育不良综合征病变类型,右心旁路手术历史演变,各类手术选择,着重对双向上腔静脉肺动脉吻合术的主要适应证,技术操作方法、方式,围术期处理等作一复习,并对手术的适当年龄,转做Fontan手术时机,是否采用体外循环,肺动脉主干是否切断以及与半Fontan手术、1 1/2心室手术的区别加以讨论.     

Human Clinical Fitting Study of the DexAide Right Ventricular Assist Device

The DexAide right ventricular assist device (RVAD) has been developed as an implantable RVAD. The purpose of this study was to determine the final design and optimal anatomical placement of the DexAide RVAD when implanted simultaneously with either of two commercially available left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) in patients. A mock-up DexAide RVAD was used to assess configuration with each of two types of commercially available LVADs at the time of LVAD implantation in three human clinical cases. The pump body of the DexAide RVAD was placed either in the preperitoneal space or in the right thoracic cavity. The DexAide RVAD placed into the right thoracic cavity is suitable for use with the Novacor or HeartMate II LVADs. The results of this study will guide the finalization of the inflow cannula and optimal placement of the DexAide RVAD for human clinical trials.     

Cadaver fitting study of the DexAide right ventricular assist device

The DexAide right ventricular assist device (RVAD) has been developed to provide an implantable RVAD option to surgeons. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal cannula design and optimal implantation location of the DexAide RVAD in preparation for its clinical use. Separately, a HeartMate XVE left ventricular assist device (LVAD) and CorAide LVAD models were implanted into the preperitoneal and right thoracic space, and the anatomical fit of the DexAide RVAD was evaluated in five preserved human cadavers. The DexAide RVAD inflow cannula was inserted through the diaphragmatic surface of the right ventricle and the outflow was directed to the pulmonary artery. Right thoracic implantation of the DexAide RVAD provided an excellent fit with either the HeartMate or CorAide LVAD in all cadavers. The results of this study will guide improvements in the designs of cannulae and implantation of the DexAide RVAD in future clinical applications.     

Nefrectomía laparoscópica derecha de donante vivo: evaluación del resultado y asociación del IMC con la longitud de la vena renal derecha

AimsThe aim of this study was to describe outcomes of laparoscopic living donor right nephrectomy (LLDRN) and study factors affecting the length of right renal vein from the donors.Material and methodsThis study was conducted in 60 donors (48 males and 12 females) from January 2016 to December 2017. We performed a retrospective review of consecutive patients who underwent transperitoneal right laparoscopic living donor nephrectomy at our unit.ResultsLLDRN was successfully performed in all subjects by the same surgeons. Among 60 cases, 47 donors had single renal artery and vein, 2 cases had one artery and 2 veins, and 5 donors had 2 arteries and one vein, and the rest had 2-3 arteries with 1-3 veins. Operative time was 142.60 ± 33.73 min. Warm ischemic time was 2.64 ± 0.76 min. The mean hospital stay was 6.69 ± 0.63 days. The median length of right renal vein was 1.92 ± 0.41 cm. All transplanted kidneys showed immediate function. No graft losses were recorded. Almost no gender differences were found in study variables except BMI and warm ischemic time, that was higher BMI but shorter warm ischemic time in female versus male donors. Further analysis showed a negative correlation between BMI and right renal vein (r = −0.282, P < 0.05), but a positive correlation between operative time and estimate blood loss (r = 0.37, P < 0.01).ConclusionsLLDRN is a feasible safe procedure, less traumatic approach, and provides good outcomes kidney for recipients. Notably, in the study group the higher BMI was associated with resulting more difficult LLDRN and kidney transplantation.     

完全腹腔镜下右半肝切除术的体会

目的探讨完全腹腔镜下右半肝切除术的操作要点和注意事项。方法分析3例完全腹腔镜下右半肝切除术患者的临床资料、手术操作要点及治疗效果。结果 2例患者顺利完成完全腹腔镜下右半肝切除术,手术时间分别为130min和150min,术中出血量分别为200ml和450ml,术后住院时间均为5d。1例因术中血管瘤破裂出血而中转开腹,中转开腹前出血量约800ml。3例患者术后均顺利恢复,无出血、胆漏等相关并发症发生。结论合理选择患者、术中细致操作、果断中转开腹,完全腹腔镜下右半肝切除术是安全可行的。     

右前外胸切口房缺,室缺修补术：附13例报告

１９９３年７月至１９９４年２月，我们应用右前外胸第四肋间切口，体外循环并行心脏不停跳下做Ⅱ型孔房缺修补术１２例，膜部室缺修补１例。７例为女性患者，６例男性，平均年龄１６．３岁。１３例患者术后均无心律失常，房室传导阻滞及细菌性心内膜炎、气栓栓塞等并发症，全愈出院。     

手助腹腔镜下右半结肠切除术12例报告

目的 总结应用改良手助式腹腔镜右半结肠切除术的经验。方法 自2001年9月至2003年12月。应用手助式腹腔镜技术行右半结肠切除12例。结果 12例病人手术均获成功，无一例中转开腹，手术时间为180～220min，术后恢复良好，无切口感染、吻合口瘘、肠梗阻等并发症。随访1～24个月，无切口肿瘤复发及肠梗阻的发生。结论 对于无远处转移的右侧结肠恶性肿瘤病人，应用手助腹腔镜行右半结肠切除术是安全、可行的。     

陈氏绕肝双悬吊法联合右半肝血流阻断行右后叶肝肿瘤切除术

目的 评价右半肝阻断技术结合陈氏绕肝双悬吊法在右后叶肝肿瘤切除术中的应用价值.方法 2011年1月至2015年1月,在37例解剖性肝脏右后叶切除术中应用持续右半肝及陈氏绕肝双悬吊法辅助肝切除.右后叶肝肿瘤行右后叶切除时,采取持续右半肝阻断技术并结合陈氏绕肝双悬吊法经下腔静脉右侧放置2根提肝带,离断肝实质的过程中通过牵拉提肝带辅助肝切除.结果 全组共37例肝右后叶肿瘤病人行肝右后叶肿瘤切除术.术中均成功分离出右半肝肝蒂和右后叶肝蒂,游离右肝后均成功放置绕肝提拉带,断肝时行右半肝持续肝门阻断,术中无胆管损伤、肝短静脉、肝右静脉撕裂和大出血等相关操作并发症.肝实质离断时间17～28 min,阻断时间约20～30min,术中出血量60～330 ml.术后第1天丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT) 183～352 U/L,生化指标均在1周内恢复正常,无围手术期死亡.结论 右半肝持续阻断结合陈氏绕肝双悬吊法有助于减少右后叶肝切除术中出血量以及改善手术野,缩短肝实质离断时间,减轻肝脏缺血再灌注损伤,其操作简单、使用安全、适用范围广泛.