非心源性胸痛29例胃食管反流动力学检查及治疗

目的 :探讨胃食管反流 (GER)动力学检查对非心源性胸痛的诊断价值及抗反流治疗的效果。方法 :对2 9例非心源性胸痛患者进行病史询问、胃镜检查和 2 4h食管pH监测或核素GER试验 ,对符合胃食管反流病(GERD)者用兰索拉唑治疗。结果 :2 9例中符合GERD 17例 ,其中 7例有GER症状 ,6例有反流性食管炎 ,兰索拉唑治疗GERD的有效率为 94 1%。结论 :2 4h食管pH监测及核素GER试验能更好地识别非心源性胸痛中的GER ,而兰索拉唑对GER性胸痛有较好的疗效。     

胃食管反流病的食管动力障碍研究

目的:通过分析下食管括约肌(LES)低压和食管无效动力(IEM)的发生率以及与食管酸暴露时间、酸清除时间的关系,评价LES低压及IEM在胃食管反流病(GERD)中的作用。方法:通过对24h食管动态pH监测诊断为GERD的59例患者,将其按食管压力测定分为正常组、LES低压组、IEM组和混合组。结果:在59例GERD患者中,食管动力异常者占84.1%。LES低压组与IEM组、混合组比较年龄差异有显著性。存在LES低压的GERD患者仅在卧位pH<4时间百分比上较正常组差异有显著性,而IEM组和混合组的GERD患者无论在食管酸暴露时间,还是在酸清除时间上都明显高于正常组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。LES低压组与IEM组比较,pH<4总时间百分比、立位时间百分比和5min以上的反流次数差异有显著性;与混合组比较,差异无显著性。IEM组与混合组比较差异无显著性。结论:多数GERD患者存在食管动力障碍。LES基础压力降低、IEM都是GERD发生的主要机制,而其中IEM是更为重要的因素。     

胃食管反流性疾病误诊调查

胃食管反流病 (GERD)临床常见 ,对胃镜阴性的 GERD用较新的雷贝拉唑 4周后烧心消失率亦只有 5 9% [1 ] ,因此临床上易否定本病 ,本研究调查 GERD的误诊原因如下。1　对象和方法1.1　对象　 2 0 0 1- 0 8～ 2 0 0 3- 0 2川北医学院附属医院门诊以烧心、胸痛就诊 ,或伴有反酸、反胃拟诊为胃食管反流病 ,进一步选择胃镜、2 4 h食管 p H检测或食管动力检测。 GERD确诊标准 :食管有充血、糜烂者诊断反流性食管炎 ;2 4 h p H检测如 p H<4的时间占总时间的百分比 >4 %或 De Meester Score>14 .72 ;食管动力检测下食管括约肌 L ES<10 mm …     

高分辨率食管测压联合食管24h pH-阻抗监测在胃食管反流病中的作用

目的探究食管24 h pH-阻抗监测、高分辨率食管测压在胃食管反流病(GERD)中的作用.方法选取某院2017年4月至2019年4月GERD患者72例,其中糜烂性食管炎(EE)39例(E组)、非糜烂性反流病(NERD)33例(N组),同期选取健康体检者30例为对照组,均行高分辨率食管测压、食管24 h pH-阻抗监测.对比三组收缩前沿速度(CFV)、远端收缩积分(DCI)及pH<4次数、最长反流时间.结果E组、N组CFV、DCI较对照组低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);E组CFV、DCI较N组低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);E组、N组上下电极pH<4次数较对照组高,最长反流时间较对照组长,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);E组上下电极pH<4次数较N组高,最长反流时间较N组长,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论食管24 h pH-阻抗监测、高分辨率食管测压结果提示酸反流、食管动力障碍为GERD重要发病机制,且EE患者酸反流、食管动力障碍较明显.     

动态食管监测在胃食管反流病诊断中的应用与进展

胃食管反流病(gastroesophageal reflux disease,GERD)是一种常见的功能性胃肠疾病,既往诊断主要依靠临床症状,而缺乏临床客观证据。GERD症状复杂多样,特别是非典型症状(呼吸道症状),因此临床中监测胃食管反流事件成为目前GERD诊断的关键。动态p H监测因具有持续检测的优势已成为诊断GERD的主要客观诊断方式,包括经鼻导管式24 h食管p H监测、食管p H胶囊48 h监测、24 h多通道阻抗联合食管p H监测、24 h咽喉反流监测,临床实践中需根据患者症状选择适当的监测方法和诊断程序,以达到经济有效和最短时间内确诊的目的。     

胃食管反流病33例误诊原因分析

目的探讨胃食管反流病(gastroesophageal reflux disease,GERD)的临床特点、诊断方法和误诊原因,以提高临床医师对本病的认识。方法回顾性分析我院2014年5月—2015年5月33例误诊病例资料。结果本组主要症状为食管外症状:咳嗽15例,胸痛8例,咽部不适6例,仅4例以典型食管内反流症状为主诉。先后在外院及本院误诊为支气管炎11例(33.33%),慢性咽喉炎7例(21.21%),冠心病心绞痛6例(18.18%),焦虑症4例(12.12%),支气管哮喘2例(6.06%),食管癌、围绝经期综合征及复发性口腔溃疡各1例(3.03%)。29例经纤维胃镜检查确诊,4例经质子泵抑制剂(PPI)诊断性治疗确诊。确诊后均经足疗程PPI治疗痊愈。结论 GERD症状复杂多样且无特异性,易误诊;临床医师应熟悉GERD食管外表现,提高本病诊断及鉴别诊断能力。     

以食管外表现为主的老年胃食管反流病15例误诊分析

目的 探讨老年胃食管反流病(gastroesophageal reflux disease,GERD)误诊原因,以减少误诊误治.方法 对我院2009年1月～2011年6月收治176例老年GERD中15例误诊病例资料进行回顾性分析.结果 本组均无明显反酸、胃灼热症状,咳嗽、咽痒、咽部异物感9例,胸痛、胸闷4例,呼吸困难2例.本组误诊率8.5％ (15/176),误诊为慢性支气管炎6例、冠心病心绞痛4例、慢性咽炎3例、哮喘2例,误诊时间20 d～13个月.后结合症状及电子胃镜检查诊断为GERD,予奥美拉唑、多潘立酮等治疗,症状均明显改善.结论 应重视老年GERD患者的食管外表现,对表现为胸痛、吞咽困难、咽喉痛、牙龈炎、气管炎、哮喘、夜间呛咳老年患者在按照专科疾病治疗效果不佳时,应考虑GERD,尽早行胃镜及相关检查确诊.     

GERD患者24h食管pH动态监测

目的　对 30例患有胃食管反流病 ( gastroesophagealrefluxdisease,GERD)的患者进行 2 4h食管动态pH值监测、探讨 2 4hpH值与胃食管反流 (GER)之间的关系 ,从而对GERD的发生、发展、预后提供科学依据。方法　 30例患者采用SynectisDigitrapperMKⅢ动态 pH监测仪及计算机分析用软件动态监测 2 4hpH值。采用Johson和DeMeester 6种参数指标对患者进行综合评分以反映病人的反流程度 ,通过症状指数的计算来比较有症状及无症状时食管反流 pH检测资料。 结果　 6种参数指标正常组分别为 ( 1.34± 1.10 ,1.6 0±1.2 4 ,1.10± 1.6 0 ,30 .0± 11.5 ,0 .75± 0 .2 0 ,6 .2± 5 .90 ) ,病例组分别为 ( 13.5 2± 8.4 7,12 .2 7± 4 .99,16 .94±4 .99,5 6 .2 4± 13.98,4 .12± 2 .4 8) ,两组经方差检验 ,差异显著 (P <0 .0 1)。病例组各参数诊断阳性率如下 :其中 pH <4的总时间阳性率为 90 % ,2 4h内pH <4超过 5min的反流次数阳性率为 80 % ,症状指数≥ 5 0 %的阳性率为 80 % ,总分 >14 .72的阳性率为 80 % ,立位 pH <4的总时间 %为 5 7% ,卧位 pH <4的总时间 %为87%。结论　我们认为pH <4的总时间 ( % )、pH <4长于 5min反流次数这二个参数指标结合症状指数及综合评分是判断GERD的重要指标。     

24 h食管pH/阻抗监测在胃食管反流病中的应用与护理

目的 探讨并总结24 h食管pH/阻抗监测在胃食管反流病(GERD)中的应用效果与护理体会.方法 利用24 h食管pH/阻抗监测技术,对68例患者进行监测及护理.结果 66例一次置管成功,2例二次置管成功.置管后无鼻咽、胃部损伤以及误吸等并发症.置管前后每例患者呼吸、脉搏、血压的检测结果无显著差异(P>0.05).本组患者确诊为GERD者59例(86.76%),其中酸反流为主者34例(50%),弱酸反流为主者23例(33.82%),非酸反流为主者2例(2.94%).结论 24 h食管pH值/阻抗监测是安全、有效、无创、客观的检查技术,可以更加准确的诊断GERD.正确的插管方法及良好的护理配合是提高检查成功率的必要措施.     

高频腔内超声对胃食管反流患者食管运动功能的评价

目的 应用高频腔内超声与食管测压同步检测胃食管反流病(GERD)患者的食管运动功能异常情况,并尝试论证腔内超声评估食管运动功能异常的有效性和可行性,以及食管压力与食管壁肌层厚度之间的关系.方法 10例经内镜及24 h食管pH检测确诊为GERD的患者,5例正常志愿者作为对照.经鼻腔导入高频超声探头(频率20 MHz,直径1.9 mm)及四通道水灌注式测压导管,在观察静息及吞咽时食管压力变化的同时,同步记录食管的运动影像,并计算出下食管括约肌上端5 cm、10 cm、1 5 cm及20 cm处食管环形肌和纵形肌的收缩指数、收缩周期及食管截面积.同时,通过测压导管同步监测湿咽时食管的最大压力值,计算其与同一位置的食管最大肌层厚度之间的相关性.结果 10例GERD患者与正常对照组相比,食管各段环形肌、纵形肌收缩指数均明显缩小(P＜0.05);收缩周期有延长的趋势;而最大截面积与正常对照组差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).食管各段的最大压力值与同一部位的最大肌层厚度之间存在正相关(r=0.552～0.736).结论 食管各部位的最大压力值与最大肌层厚度之间存在正相关;GERD患者存在食管运动功能的异常,食管壁的舒缩能力下降以及收缩周期延长可能影响食管的廓清力,从而与GERD的发病有直接关系;同时,高频腔内超声为功能性胃肠病的诊断及其临床研究提供了一种新的方法.     

Test of refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease

It should be considered that the causes of refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) are multifactorial. Esophageal manometry study is useful when we make distinguish patients with esophageal motility disorders from those with refractory GERD. Endoscopic ultrasonography is also performed to observe the thickness of esophageal wall which represents the disturbance of esophageal motor function. Esophageal pH monitoring is useful to detect the acid clearance disturbance and phenomenon of nocturnal acid breakthrough. Both are occurred at night, and are recently considered to be responsible for refractory GERD. Catheter-free pH monitoring system, Bravo, makes it possible to measure esophageal pH under quite physiological conditions. Genotype of CYP2C19 is sometimes checked in patients with PPI resistance GERD. Intra-gastric pH with omeprazole and lansoprazole depends on patient's genotype of CYP2C19. Monitoring of 24-hour bilirubin, Bilitec, is also useful to detect duodeno-gastro-esophageal reflux.     

Esophageal diseases in patients with stenocardia and angiographically changes and little-changed coronary arteries

Angiography conducted in 29 anginal patients has shown that coronary arteries were intact in 23 and little affected in 6 of them. Signs of myocardial ischemia were recorded at myocardial scintigraphy, bicycle ergometry, 24-h ECG monitoring in 17 patients. Esophageal lesions confirmed by endoscopy, manometry, esophageal pH-metry with Bernstein test were revealed in 20 examinees (68%). It is suggested that patients with persistent chest pain and unaffected coronary arteries who are resistant to antianginal therapy should undergo functional study of the esophagus including endoscopy, manometry and pH-metry.     

24小时食管pH监测和内镜检查在胃食管反流病的诊断价值

目的:本文旨在探讨食管pH监测和内镜检查在GERD中的诊断价值。方法:临床诊断GERD患者121例行内镜及pH检查,对照组18例行内镜和pH检查。结果:内镜食管炎检出率51.2％(74/121),pH检测,阳性率87.6％(106/121)。对74例内镜诊断的食管炎与pH检测进一步分析显示食管酸暴露时间越长,内镜下炎症程度及症状越重。而32例内镜阴性的症状性反流性食管炎,症状多为轻中度,pH<4的总时间％的值亦偏低,但其数值与食管酸暴露数值有重叠。故不能以内镜阳性作为诊断GERD的客观依据,必须结合使用其他方法才能回答有否反流。结论:24h pH确实是诊断GERD的比较理想的方法。     

Diagnosing gastroesophageal reflux disease

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common condition with a variety of clinical manifestations and potentially serious complications. This article reviews available methods for diagnosing GERD. A clinical history of the classic symptoms of GERD, heartburn or acid regurgitation, is sensitive enough to establish the diagnosis in patients without other complications. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy is the best way to evaluate suspected complications of GERD, but endoscopic findings are insensitive for the presence of pathological reflux, and therefore they cannot reliably exclude GERD. The "gold standard" study for confirming or excluding the presence of abnormal gastroesophageal reflux is the 24-hour ambulatory esophageal pH monitoring test, and this study should be used for the evaluation of refractory symptoms and extraesophageal manifestations of GERD. A formal acid-suppression test is helpful in the evaluation of the atypical GERD symptom of noncardiac chest pain. Optimal use of currently available tests for GERD may allow for more efficient diagnosis and better characterization of the pathological manifestations associated with GERD.     

Esophageal motility disorders with thoracic pain of unknown origin

35 patients with angina-like chest pain underwent esophageal manometry after a coronary artery disease had been ruled out by angiography. Furthermore, patients after gastric or esophageal surgery, with pathologic upper gastrointestinal endoscopy or with pathologic gastroesophageal reflux as seen on 24-hour-pH-metry were excluded from this study. 29 out of 35 patients (83%) had a normal manometric study, six patients (17%) had a motility disorder; five of these showed an unspecific dismotility pattern and were asymptomatic while the study was done; only one patient presented with esophageal spasm. Since only this latter patient was symptomatic while the study was done, a correlation between symptoms and this motility disorder seems likely. --If pathologic gastroesophageal reflux has been ruled out, esophageal manometry can establish a diagnosis in only 3% of patients with angina-like chest pain without esophageal symptoms (dysphagia, odynophagia, heartburn or regurgitation). We conclude that this complicated examination should not be done in these patients.     

The role of pH monitoring in extraesophageal gastroesophageal reflux disease

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is linked to several extraesophageal disease states including laryngitis, asthma, chronic cough, and noncardiac chest pain (NCCP). Although 24-hour pH monitoring is considered the "gold standard" in the diagnosis of typical GERD, it is also increasingly used in establishing the diagnosis of GERD in patients with extraesophageal symptoms. The clinical utility of pH monitoring in this patient population, however, remains controversial. In this article, the authors examine the role of pH monitoring in laryngitis, asthma, chronic cough, and NCCP.     

Use of an endoscopic suturing device (the "ESD") to treat patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease, after unsuccessful EndoCinch endoluminal gastroplication: another failure

BACKGROUND: Endoluminal gastroplication, using the EndoCinch procedure, has emerged as a potential endoscopic antireflux therapy. Although initial results have been promising, the long-term durability of the treatment is uncertain due to suture loss. A new endoscopic suturing device, the "ESD," has been developed that promises excellent visibility and endoscopic control. The aim of this study was to evaluate prospectively the feasibility and efficacy of the ESD method after EndoCinch failure. METHODS: The study involved 20 patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), who had been initially treated with an EndoCinch procedure, but had relapsed after a median of 7.5 months, with lost or dysfunctional sutures and with reflux symptoms that required proton pump inhibitor (PPI) treatment. Using the ESD, at least three plications were created at the gastroesophageal junction. Patients underwent endoscopy, 24-hour pH monitoring and esophageal manometry before treatment and 6 months afterwards. In addition, reflux symptoms as well as quality-of-life scores were assessed (using the SF-6 and GERD-HRQL scales). RESULTS: The ESD procedure (median procedure time 45 min) was performed successfully in all patients without major complications. After 6 months only one patient (5 %) still had all sutures in situ, while no remaining sutures could be detected in 3/20 (15 %). No significant changes in reflux esophagitis; 24-hour pH monitoring results (median pH < 4/24 h9.9 % vs. 12.3 %; P = 0.60); manometry findings (median lower esophageal sphincter pressure 7.2 mm Hg vs. 9.9 mm Hg; P = 0.22); PPI use; or reflux esophagitis could be detected after 6 months. While reflux symptoms improved (heartburn severity score 30 vs. 48, P < 0,05), no changes in quality-of-life scores were detected. CONCLUSIONS: Endoluminal gastroplication using the ESD is an easy and safe, but unfortunately ineffective procedure for endoscopic GERD treatment. Endoluminal gastroplication techniques clearly need refinements before these therapies can evolve as a treatment option for GERD patients.     

幽门螺杆菌感染对胃食管反流病患者食管酸暴露及食管动力的影响

目的分析幽门螺杆菌（helicobacterpylor,Hp）感染胃食管反流病（gastroesophagealrefluxdisease,GERD）患者食管远端酸暴露及食管动力变化特点,探讨Hp感染与GERD的关系。方法GERD患者80例,分为Hp阳性组30例,Hp阴性组50例,同期20例慢性浅表性胃炎患者为对照组,对3组进行食管动力学检测和食管24hpH监测。结果Hp阳性组与Hp阴性组DeMeester评分、食管下括约肌压力、24hpH监测各项指标及食管动力学各项指标比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉O．05）;2组DeMeester评分均高于对照组（P〈0．05）,食管下括约肌压力低于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论GERD患者食管下括约肌压力较正常人群低,且存在过量酸反流;Hp感染与GERD发生可能无明显关系。     

Wireless pH capsule--yield in clinical practice

Wireless pH monitoring is one of the recent technologies that focus on improving the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The capsule, which is fixed within the esophagus, transmits data via telemetry to an external receiver. The capsule is usually inserted 6 cm above the squamocolumnar junction during an upper endoscopy. The standard recording duration is 48 hours but this can be extended to 96 hours. The wireless capsule has been shown to be at least as accurate as the conventional catheter for the monitoring of esophageal pH. Normal pH values have been established in three different series. The use of a wireless capsule provides an increased diagnostic yield for GERD compared with the conventional catheter. The increased yield is the result of higher sensitivity to detect both abnormal acid esophageal exposure and positive symptom-reflux association. This may be related both to the prolonged recording duration and to fewer dietary modifications and restrictions on activities. Several studies have shown that the pH capsule was better tolerated by patients than the conventional pH catheter. Mild-to-moderate chest pain represents the main side effect of the pH capsule: severe chest pain requiring endoscopic removal of the capsule is rare. The main indication for wireless capsule application is monitoring of distal esophageal pH for diagnostic purpose, particularly in patients with a normal endoscopic examination. The capsule technique has some limitations: costs are higher than conventional pH monitoring, misplacement may occur, and the sampling rate is lower. Finally, compared with pH-impedance monitoring, only acid reflux events can be evaluated.     

Long-term results of laparoscopic partial posterior fundoplication in patients with esophageal reflux and disorders of esophageal peristalsis

BACKGROUND: Gastrosophageal reflux disease (GERD) of long duration is frequently associated with impaired esophageal body motility. This condition has been considered unsuitable for antireflux surgery. METHODS: In order to investigate the outcome of antireflux surgery in the presence of impaired esophageal peristalsis, we studied 67 consecutive GERD patients with poor esophageal body function who underwent laparoscopic partial posterior fundoplication. A standardized questionnaire, upper GI endoscopy, esophageal manometry and 24-hour pH monitoring were performed preoperatively and at a median of 28 months (range, 6-54 months) postoperatively. Esophageal motility was analyzed for contraction amplitudes in the distal two thirds of the esophagus (level 3, 4, and 5), frequency of peristaltic, simultaneous and interrupted waves and total number of defective propagations. In addition, parameters defining the function of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) were-evaluated. RESULTS: Following antireflux surgery 65 patients (97%) were free of heartburn and regurgitation and had no esophagitis on endoscopy, confirmed by histology. The rate of dysphagia was reduced from 49% preoperatively to 9% postoperatively (p < 0.001). There was significant improvement in esophageal peristalsis after the antireflux procedure. The median DeMeester reflux score was reduced from 33.3 to 1.1 (p < 0.001). Lower esophageal sphincter pressure and intra-abdominal length were normal after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Partial posterior fundoplication provides an effective antireflux barrier in patients with impaired esophageal body motility in the long term. Postoperative dysphagia is avoided by improving esophageal body function.