核纤层蛋白LaminA的结构及功能和代谢特征。

LaminA是细胞卡受内霞要的骨架蛋白，对维持细胞的形态结构具有重要作用。文章综述了LMNA基因在染色体的位置，aminA蛋白质的形态、结构；LMNA基㈥不同协点的突变和缺失时机体产生的不同疾病；核纤层蛋白laminA参与成肌细咆的分化作刷功能；Caspase-6可促进核纤层蛋白laminA的裂解以及NFAT5可能促进laminA的表达等调节作用。     

老年代谢综合征患者左室结构和功能变化

代谢综合征(MS)是心血管病的多种代谢危险因素在个体内集结的状态,MS患者心血管病事件的患病率、发病率、及死亡率明显高于非MS患者。本文通过对98例老年代谢综合征患者心脏结构和功能变化分析,探讨其临床意义。1资料与方法1.1临床资料选择2003年6月到2005年4月在我院疗养体检资料完整的老年MS患者98例,回顾入选的病人均符合2004年中华医学会糖尿病分会(CDS)颁布的中国人MS诊断标准[1]。按有无高血压分为:不伴高血压组42例(MS),男性25例,女性17例,平均年龄(72±4.2)岁,平均血压126/75mmHg,病程7年;伴高血压组56例(HMS),男36例,女20…     

铁代谢对代谢综合征患者认知功能的影响

目的探讨铁代谢对代谢综合征(MS)患者认知功能的影响。方法选取2017年1月至2018年12月MS患者168例,根据有无轻度认知障碍(MCI),分为观察组(MS+MCI组,72例)与对照组(MS组,96例),比较两组患者的一般资料、生化指标、血清铁代谢指标以及脑铁代谢指标,并进行相关分析。结果血清铁代谢指标中,观察组患者血清铁蛋白水平与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。脑铁代谢指标中,观察组左、右侧海马脑铁沉积量化值与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Pearson相关性分析显示,左、右两侧海马脑铁沉积量化值与MMSE总分呈正相关(P<0.05),血清铁蛋白水平仅与右侧海马的脑铁沉积量化值呈正相关(P<0.05)。ROC分析显示,左、右两侧海马脑铁沉积量化值对MS患者出现MCI具有一定的评估价值,联合应用评估价值更高。结论铁代谢异常可能是MS患者认知功能减退的重要原因,通过磁共振检测脑铁沉积量化值可为预测MS患者认知功能变化提供依据。     

严重烧伤延迟复苏对心脏结构、功能与代谢的影响

自 198 0年以来 ,对烧伤后低血容量的理解已进入到微循环的阶段 ,毛细血管通透性增高 ,使有效循环血容量降低是这一变化的本质 ,而及时合理地补液是对抗低血容量性休克 ,维护各个脏器功能的基本方法 ,实施越早效果越好。令人遗憾的是由于平、战时医疗保障体制、交通运输、烧伤灾害的突然性、成批性等诸多原因 ,致使相当数量的烧伤患者不能及时入院治疗 ,造成延迟复苏。一般认为延迟复苏定义为严重烧伤后≥6小时才接受复苏治疗 ,缺血缺氧与再灌注损伤 (reperfusiondamage,RD)是延迟复苏的直接恶果。延迟复苏所致长时间的低动力循环 ,导致循…     

肝脏维生素K代谢和功能研究的最新进展

维生素K(vk)的代谢与一种微粒体羧化酶的活性密切相关,是该酶的辅助因子。该酶依赖vk 使凝血因子Ⅱ·Ⅶ·Ⅸ·Ⅹ和天然抗凝血蛋白C·S·Z 等的前体所含氨基末端之特定谷氨酸(Glu)残基羧化成r 羧基谷氨酸(Gla)残基。只有经过这种羧化作用后,上述vk 依赖蛋白才能发挥正常的生理功能。     

血脂的基本组成、功能与代谢

１引言 血脂是指血浆中的中性脂肪（甘油三酯和胆固醇）和类脂（磷脂、糖脂。固醇、类固醇）的总称,广泛存在于人体中。它们是生命细胞的基础代谢必需物质。甘油三酯主要是参与体内的能量代谢;胆固醇则是细胞膜和胆汁酸的主要组成成分,并参与类固醇激素的合成。 由于甘油三酯和胆固醇都是疏水性物质,必须与血液中的特殊蛋白质（载脂蛋白）和极性类脂（如磷脂）一起组成一个亲水性的球状巨分子,才能在血液中被运输,并进入组织细胞。这种球状巨分子复合物就称作脂蛋白。所以,下面主要介绍血浆脂蛋白的基本组成、功能与代谢。参与脂蛋白…     

亚临床甲状腺功能减退脂代谢、糖代谢和尿酸代谢的变化

目的：探讨亚临床甲减血脂、血糖、血尿酸变化及意义。方法：测定80例亚临床甲减患者血糖（GLU）、总胆固醇（TC）、三酰甘油（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、血尿酸（UA）水平,设健康对照组78例进行比较。结果：亚临床甲减组TSH、TC、TG、LDL—C、UA明显升高,而HDL—C明显下降,有统计学差异（P〈0．05）。血糖水平虽有下降,但无统计学差异。结论：亚临床甲减脂代谢紊乱和高尿酸血症可能是促进动脉粥样硬化重要的危险因素。     

结构脂肪乳对老年胃肠道恶性肿瘤患者术后代谢及免疫功能的影响

目的 探讨结构脂肪乳肠外营养支持治疗对老年胃肠道恶性肿瘤手术患者术后蛋白质代谢以及免疫功能的影响.方法 将2017年10月至2018年9月宜阳县人民医院收治的74例老年胃肠道恶性肿瘤患者按照随机数字表法分为观察组(38例)和对照组(36例),对照组患者术后给予20％中/长链脂肪乳营养支持治疗,观察组患者术后给予结构脂肪...     

Structure, function and pathophysiology of protease activated receptors

Discovered in the 1990s, protease activated receptors(1) (PARs) are membrane-spanning cell surface proteins that belong to the G protein coupled receptor (GPCR) family. A defining feature of these receptors is their irreversible activation by proteases; mainly serine. Proteolytic agonists remove the PAR extracellular amino terminal pro-domain to expose a new amino terminus, or tethered ligand, that binds intramolecularly to induce intracellular signal transduction via a number of molecular pathways that regulate a variety of cellular responses. By these mechanisms PARs function as cell surface sensors of extracellular and cell surface associated proteases, contributing extensively to regulation of homeostasis, as well as to dysfunctional responses required for progression of a number of diseases. This review examines common and distinguishing structural features of PARs, mechanisms of receptor activation, trafficking and signal termination, and discusses the physiological and pathological roles of these receptors and emerging approaches for modulating PAR-mediated signaling in disease.     

Structure and metabolism of high-density lipoproteins

Epidemiological studies have established an inverse correlation between the levels of high density lipoproteins (HDL) in the blood and coronary heart disease (CHD). However, no cause-effect relationship has been established for this important discovery, nor are the mechanisms known by which HDL may provide protection. A recent study has established a strong association between the plasma HDL2 level and the ability to clear dietary fat from the circulation. This article discusses recent studies that demonstrate the important role of chylomicron catabolism as a determinant of HDL2 levels in the circulation.     

Structure,function, and regulation of renal organic anion transporters

Renal elimination of anionic drugs, xenobiotics, and toxins is necessary for the survival of mammalian species. This process is mediated by vectorial transport from blood to urine through the cooperative functions of specific transporters in the basolateral and apical membranes of the proximal tubule epithelium. The first step of this process is the extraction of organic anions from the peritubular blood plasma into proximal tubule cells largely through the organic anion transporter (OAT) pathway. Therefore, the OAT pathway is one of the major sites for body drug clearance/detoxification. As a result, it is also the site for drug-drug interaction and drug-induced nephrotoxicity. To maximize therapeutic efficacy and minimize toxicity, the structure-function relationships of OATs and their regulation must be defined. The recent cloning and identification of OATs have paved the way for such investigations. This review summarizes the available data on the general properties of OATs, focusing in particular on the recent progress made from the author's laboratory as well as from other's, on the molecular characterization of the structure-function relationships of OATs and their regulatory mechanisms.     

Structure, function and pathophysiology of mucociliary transport system]

There has been growing appreciation of the significant role played by the mucociliary transport system in the body. The mucociliary transport system is an important defense mechanism by which the human body usually maintains its "homeostasis" by protecting the body against invading particles, including bacteria. This system includes two major functional mechanisms; i.e., ciliary transport and mucous secretional systems, each of which is usually complimentary and cooperative. Three hereditary disorders, primary ciliary dyskinesia (immotile-cilia syndrome), cystic fibrosis and Young's syndrome, have been shown to be systemically associated with mucociliary transport failure, leading to male infertility and chronic sinopulmonary infections. Localized mucociliary transport failure, however, is observed in respiratory diseases, especially chronic sinusitis, chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis and bronchial asthma. We aim, in this review, to draw together those developments in the study of ciliary transport and mucous secretion, the interactions between them and their pathophysiology that can provide a better understanding of the mucociliary transport system of the human body.